CN1329550C - 具有光亮外观的表面的钢丝 - Google Patents

具有光亮外观的表面的钢丝 Download PDF

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CN1329550C
CN1329550C CNB998145238A CN99814523A CN1329550C CN 1329550 C CN1329550 C CN 1329550C CN B998145238 A CNB998145238 A CN B998145238A CN 99814523 A CN99814523 A CN 99814523A CN 1329550 C CN1329550 C CN 1329550C
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steel wire
coating
polyester
inter coat
steel
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CN1330726A (zh
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L·阿德里安森
A·里普莱
G·范鲁
G·范德瓦勒
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Bekaert NV SA
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    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
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    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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Abstract

一种具有光亮外观的表面优选彩色表面的涂层钢丝(10)含有钢芯(12)并且该钢芯(12)涂覆有赋予钢丝光亮性的中间涂层(14)。该钢丝进一步使用选自热塑性聚酯、聚酰亚胺、聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、和聚邻苯二甲酰胺的透明聚合物(16)涂覆，该聚合物含有透明有机着色剂。与漆涂层相比，本发明聚合物涂层具有高的韧度。

Description

具有光亮外观的表面的钢丝
发明领域
本发明涉及具有光亮外观的彩色表面的涂覆钢丝和具有光亮外观的彩色表面的涂覆钢丝的制备方法。
发明背景
进行了许多使钢丝具有光亮外观的表面和在钢丝整个服役期内维持可接受光亮水准的尝试。然而，所有这些尝试都有很大缺点。
尝试之一包括对钢丝镀锌和在电镀的钢丝表面涂搪瓷以获得涂漆钢丝。这种涂漆钢丝由于“锌和漆”双层而具有优异抗腐蚀性的优点和具有多种色彩的优点。然而，经验表明在钢丝承受高机械变形的场合，漆由于其内在的韧度不足而不能粘附在钢丝表面。
另一个问题是漆涂层相对高的摩擦系数。这明显地降低涂漆钢丝下游工艺的速度。
US-A-4358887公开了一种管，通过热浸镀有锌并用聚酯涂有塑料覆层。在锌层和聚酯涂层之间是铬酸盐化合物。
EP-A-0791453公开了一种镀锌带材。锌镀层是结合层，结合层上是聚合物涂层如包括染料的聚酯涂层。
发明概述
本发明的目的之一是提供具有光亮优选彩色表面的抗腐蚀钢丝。
本发明的另一个目的是提供具有典型金属外观(metalliclooking)的钢丝。
本发明还有另一个目的是提供具有保留其透明性的透明彩色涂层的钢丝。
本发明的再一个目的是向光亮钢丝提供粘附涂层，而不过多地降低钢丝初始光亮度。
本发明的又一个目的是提供使钢丝具有光亮金属外观的环境友好方法。
根据本发明的第一个方面，提供具有光亮外观并具有彩色表面的钢丝。钢丝覆有使钢丝具有光亮外观的中间涂层和进一步紧邻其上涂覆的热塑性聚酯。此聚酯是透明的。该聚酯是彩色的，例如，通过包含透明着色剂，该透明着色剂可以以在相似或相同的聚酯载体中的小粒状形式加入到所述聚酯中。着色剂可以是有机的。直接的优点是根据着色剂浓度和类型可能获得多种实施方案。类金属色和荧光色可以按此方法应用于钢丝上。
与漆涂层相比，这些透明聚酯具有较高韧度和低的摩擦系数。摩擦力试验表明尼龙涂层或聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯涂层提供比锌涂层摩擦阻力小三倍的摩擦阻力。
涂层优选热塑性聚酯如聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(“PET”)、聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯(“PBT”)和聚萘二甲酸乙二酯(“PEN”)。
这些实施方案中最优选的是聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯，因为其具有较好的综合性能如高韧度、低湿气吸收性和相对低的成本。
在本发明上下文中，术语“聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯”或“PET”不仅是指对苯二甲酸乙二酯的均聚物还包括含有不超过20％其它共聚单元例如来源于除对苯二酸之外的其它酸如间苯二甲酸或来源于乙二醇之外的其它二醇的对苯二甲酸乙二酯的共聚物。为了调整其某些特性，所述聚合物还可以包含多种聚合物的混合物。
聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯涂层超过50％是非晶的优选超过70％是非晶的。这可以通过在挤出步骤之后快速冷却实现。与涂层的结晶结构对比，例如，非晶聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯涂层，具有更显著的光泽和更具柔性。然而，随着时间的进行可能发生再结晶。对比PBT涂层，聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯涂层再结晶明显较慢。这是聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯涂层与PBT涂层相比的一个优点。
对比聚酰胺如尼龙-6(PA6)涂层，聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯涂层具有更好的粘附性和粘附保持性、更高的抗腐蚀性、更好的紫外光耐受性(＝更好的抗气候性)和较低的水气或湿气吸收性，以及，因此保持较好的原始透明性和光泽。更特别地，聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯涂层在相同的环境下仅吸收尼龙-6涂层的十分之一量的湿气。再有，聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯涂层可以以环境友好的方式应用，即，采用简单得多的预处理而不使用其它情况下降低光亮度的铬酸和也有害于初始光亮度的底漆。
给予钢丝初始光亮性的一个方法是采用施加中间金属涂层如铜涂层、铜合金如青铜或黄铜涂层、锌涂层、锌合金如95％锌5％铝的合金的涂层、镍涂层、镍合金涂层、锡涂层或锡合金涂层。
另一个给予钢丝初始光亮性的方法是采用施加中间涂层如硫酸铜锡涂层或硫酸铜涂层。
或者在用透明聚合物涂覆之前或者在去除透明聚合物之后根据钢丝光亮中间涂层量化钢丝的光亮度。该量化具有不依赖于聚合物的颜色和其厚度的优点。钢丝光亮度还可以根据最终钢丝量化，即涂覆了透明聚合物之后，但是，可能具有依赖于聚合物的颜色(如果有的话)和依赖于聚合物的厚度的缺点。
所述量化可以通过确定钢丝的周边光洁度或确定钢丝所谓的L-值而进行。
根据本发明的第二个方面，提供具有光亮外观的彩色表面钢丝的方法。该方法包括以下步骤：
(a)提供钢丝；
(b)使用中间涂层涂覆钢丝；
(c)给予中间涂层一定的光亮度；
(d)着色聚合物即在聚合物中加入着色剂，其中所述聚合物选自热塑性聚酯、聚酰亚胺、聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、和聚邻苯二甲酰胺；
(e)使用聚合物(16)进一步涂覆光亮钢丝。
用中间涂层涂覆钢丝可以通过热浸方法或电解涂覆工艺实现。
通过在合适的润滑剂中湿法拉拔刚刚涂覆的钢丝以赋予中间涂层所需的光亮度。
然而，为了获得所需的光亮度，湿法拉拔不是必需的。所需光亮度还可以在最终直径的钢丝上通过在钢丝离开热浸镀锌操作浴槽之后马上适当冷却或者通过电镀钢丝实现。
透明聚合物的进一步涂覆可以通过挤出工艺实现。
本发明特别地适用于经受高机械变形的钢丝。
对于其C含量小于0.20％的低碳钢丝，下述类型的钢丝承受高的机械变形：装订用钢丝、捆箱机用硬钢丝、金属网用钢丝、床垫用钢丝、曲别针钢丝、衣架用钢丝、抓斗钢丝(bucket wire)、绑扎钢丝、灯罩钢丝、装饰钢丝、编织钢丝、缝合钢丝(stitching wire)……
装订钢丝的典型直径范围为0.60mm～1.80mm。
对于其C大于0.25％的高碳钢丝，辐条钢丝可承受高的机械变形。根据本发明涂覆的和具有荧光色彩的辐条钢丝在关于安全性方面具有特殊的优势。
附图简述
本发明通过参考附图1给予更详细的描述，其表示按照本发明钢丝的横截面。
本发明优选实施方案的描述
图1表示本发明钢丝10的横截面。钢丝10包含钢芯12，和用于获得光亮的外观的湿法拉拔镀锌(wet drawn zinc)的薄涂层14以及透明聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯的外涂层16。聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯涂层16包含一种使钢丝10具有光亮和类金属外观的透明有机着色剂。
按照本发明的钢丝可制造如下。
初始原料为直径约5.5mm的低碳丝棒。钢棒干拉拔至中间直径3.0mm。这样拉拔后的钢丝进行热处理以及在中间直径3.0mm时热浸镀锌。热浸镀锌的钢丝在皂液中湿法拉拔至最终直径1.2mm。该湿法拉拔使热浸镀锌钢丝表面具有光亮外观。为了除去钢丝表面上所有残留的拉拔润滑剂，脱脂处理湿法拉拔的钢丝。最后，使用含有透明有机着色剂的透明聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯涂覆钢丝。聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯涂层的厚度约35微米(μm)。方便地，这些厚度的范围为10～200μm，优选25～50μm。应用于装订钢丝的典型厚度值为35μm以及应用于辐条钢丝的典型厚度值为50μm。
这样获得的本发明钢丝适合用作装订钢丝。聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯涂层与钢丝粘附牢固，可以承受钢丝如装订钢丝正常承受的机械变形。

Claims (12)

1.具有光亮外观的表面的涂覆钢丝(10)，
所述钢丝(10)具有钢芯(12)，
所述钢芯(12)覆有中间涂层(14)，
紧邻其上涂有热塑性聚酯(16)，
所述聚酯为透明的。
2.根据权利要求1的钢丝，所述聚酯包含透明着色剂。
3.根据前述任一项权利要求的钢丝，其中所述聚酯是选自聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯和聚萘二甲酸乙二酯的热塑性聚酯。
4.根据权利要求3的钢丝，其中所述热塑性聚酯是聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯。
5.根据权利要求2的钢丝，其中所述着色剂是有机的。
6.根据前述任一项权利要求的钢丝，其中所述中间涂层是金属涂层。
7.根据权利要求1至5中任一项的钢丝，其中所述中间涂层是例如硫酸铜锡涂层或硫酸铜涂层的涂层。
8.一种制造具有光亮外观的表面的涂覆钢丝(10)的方法，所述方法包含如下步骤：
(a)提供钢芯(12)；
(b)用中间涂层(14)涂覆所述钢芯(12)；
(c)赋予所述中间涂层(14)一定的光亮度；
(d)使用透明热塑性聚酯；
(e)使用所述聚酯进一步涂覆所述光亮钢丝。
9.根据权利要求8的方法，其中用所述中间涂层进行所述涂覆通过热浸镀实现。
10.根据权利要求8或9的方法，所述方法进一步包含着色所述聚酯的步骤。
11.根据权利要求8至10中任一项的方法，其中所述赋予所述中间涂层一定的光亮度是通过湿法拉拔涂覆钢丝实现的。
12.根据权利要求8至10中任一项的方法，其中所述用聚酯进行的进一步涂覆是通过挤出工艺实现的。
CNB998145238A 1998-12-15 1999-12-09 具有光亮外观的表面的钢丝 Expired - Lifetime CN1329550C (zh)

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