Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming of prior art, a kind of environmental protection, the green chicken-raising method of scale best in quality, remarkable benefit are provided.
The green chicken-raising method of scale of the present invention is: the commercial chicken feeding process comprises brood time, transitional period and breeding period; brood time is raised in hen house; transitional period is along with green grass, green vegetables are added in the increase of age in days gradually; allow the chicken free choice feeding; strengthen and the outdoor ventilation amount gradually; when indoor and outdoor temperature is close, begin to put in a suitable place to breed; breeding period is selected the well-ventilated; woods meadow or artificial pasturage that physical features is high and dry; set up fence; build simple and easy booth in fence, adopt the method for supplement of feed under grazing condition to culture in fence, wherein feeds utilized is non-harmful green feed.
Non-harmful green feed described in the method for the present invention is to add energy feed corn or wheat bran composition with the concentrate feed that does not contain antibiotic, hormone and animal protein, and general concentrate feed accounts for 30-40%.
Method of the present invention can also be different according to the male and female chicken the physiology growth characteristic, carry out the production of male and female phase feeding, use the different nutrition levels daily ration, feeding full-value nutritious diet of full phase of hen, 40-50 age in days body weight reaches about 1kg delivers for sale, does whole chicken and sells, cock feeding full-value nutritious diet in early stage, feeding mesotrophy level diet of later stage, 60-90 age in days body weight reaches about 2kg delivers for sale, does to cut apart the chicken sale.
Method of the present invention also comprises breed selection, selects good meat cock pure lines and meat egg dual-purpose type maternal side to be father and mother and originally breeds commercial chicken.
Method of the present invention comprises that also kind of a chicken breeds the artificial insemination mode that adopts, and plants cock and raises artificial semen collection and semen deposition with the kind hen separately.
The green chicken-raising method of scale of the present invention has following advantage:
One, put in a suitable place to breed on woods meadow or artificial pasturage, chicken can be saved feed a part by free of contamination green grass, grass-seed, edible mushroom, the insect etc. of searching for food, and reduces feeding cost.Also provide machine fertilizer, and play the benign cycle of breeding association bar development for herding the place.Simultaneously, chicken put return the Nature, help improving chicken meat quality and local flavor, realize the purpose of green natural.
Two, the free of contamination environment of putting in a suitable place to breed of green natural, air is pure pure and fresh, animal and natural harmony coexistence, free movable on the meadow, healthy in a good humor, premunition is strong, can effectively prevent various diseases.Can accomplish omnidistance the raising, also just not have medicament residue without antimicrobial agents.
Three, commercial chicken is carried out the production of male and female phase feeding, can use the different nutrition levels daily ration, make the male and female chicken all can give full play to separately productivity, thereby it be minimum to reach the per weight cost, the short age in days corpusculum of hen is reformed and is put in order chicken, and the long age in days of cock is reformed substantially and cut apart chicken.
Four, plant chicken and breed employing artificial insemination mode, can support cock less, enlarge male and female chicken breeding ratio, reduce the cock number of animals raised, save feed, hen house, reduce cost.
Five, select good chicken breed, chicken meat quality delicacy, meat flavour deliciousness, balanced in nutrition, it had both kept the meat flavor of soil species chicken, and was better than soil species chicken productivity again.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: to culture 10000 commodity cocks is example:
One, plant's construction: select no industrial pollution, well-ventilated, the pasture is built for 10 mu in the high and dry forest land of physical features, and range land has short Cong Shu or shrub, is equipped with chicken and perches usefulness, builds simple and easy booth in the pasture, will perch frame or bedding and padding in the house.
Two, kind is selected: select by young 10000 of the commodity cock of fast large-scale white plumage meat cock and the brown hen crossbreed of Hai Lan.
Three, brood time (1-3 week): carry out strict sterilization with reaching surrounding environment in the hen house before connecing young bird; Young bird to after immediately chick is moved into hen house, make chick adapt to environment in the house; Carry out 2 immunity to chicken at 1-2 in week.
Four, the transitional period (4 week): along with green grass, green vegetables are added in the increase of age in days gradually, allow the chicken free choice feeding, strengthen and the outdoor ventilation amount gradually, when indoor and outdoor temperature is close, begin to put in a suitable place to breed, to near hen house, carry out in initial several days, and after the adaptation, carry out full-time putting in a suitable place to breed.
Five, the grazing season (after 5 weeks): putting in a suitable place to breed with the place about 2 mu of ground of nylon mesh fence on the pasture, each mends hello feed once with evening at noon to add energy feed with the concentrate feed that does not contain antibiotic, hormone and animal protein, in fence, be provided with and perch booth and shade, for chicken perch night, windproof take shelter from rain and have a rest daytime, place by turns weekly.
Six, deliver for sale: when 65 age in days body weight reach the 2kg left and right sides, deliver for sale, reclaim processing, do and cut apart the chicken sale by enterprise.
Embodiment 2: to culture 10000 commodity hens is example:
To the requirement of plant with each in period cultural method consistent with embodiment 1, different is selects by young 10000 of the commodity hen of fast large-scale white plumage meat cock and the brown hen crossbreed of Hai Lan, reach about 1kg in 48 age in days body weight and to deliver for sale, reclaim processing, do whole chicken and sell by enterprise.
Embodiment 3: the green chicken-raising method rule of management of scale:
One, advances the preceding preparation of chicken
1, the cleaning and sterilizing of hen house: will clean up inside and outside the hen house before connecing young bird, and, the hen house surrounding environment is carried out disinfection with caustic soda, quicklime with potassium permanganate, formaldehyde fumigation.
2, the preparation of drinking bowl, charging basket: drinking-water product, the charging basket that will disinfect, open the food dish and put in placely, prepare against into and use behind the chicken.
3, open the preparation of food dish, opening water and medicine: core millet (0.5 kilogram/100 chickens), cold water, nutritional drugs (glucose, fluid infusion salt, Vc etc.), sterilization drugs are given birth in preparation.
4, the preparation of routine disinfection utensil: sterilization basin, pond, brogan, work clothes, sterilization is ready to standby before advancing chicken with sprayer etc.
Two, the feeding and management of brood time (1-3 week)
1, connects young work: after young bird arrives, ready prepd hen house immediately chick is moved into, make chick adapt to environment in the house.
2, temperature, humidity, illumination: the temperature of brood time, humidity, illumination are extremely important, directly influence the absorption, premunition of chick yolk etc., should strict according to the form below operation.
Age in days | Age in week | Hen house temperature ℃ | Hen house humidity % | Stocking density (only/m
2)
| Light application time (hour) |
0-7 | 1 | 36-33 | 70-65 | 40-50 | 24-22 |
8-14 | 2 | 33-29 | 70-65 | 30-40 | 22-20 |
15-21 | 3 | 29-26 | 65-60 | 25-30 | 20-18 |
22-28 | 4 | 26-23 | 60-55 | 25-30 | 18-16 |
3, drinking-water: first three day supply cold water, and glucose, Vc and the fluid infusion salt etc. of interpolation 5-8%, add the pure Chinese medicine and the probiotics of preventive dose simultaneously, to prevent and treat pullorum disease, the 4th age in days plays the supply clean drinking water and gets final product.
4, open food.Chick as 70% opens food when phenomenon occurring pecking at, opens the foodstuff little rice of core of making a living, and feeds after mixing humidity, can scoop up and mix ripe yolk.
5, epidemic prevention, sterilization: according to the vaccine program epidemic prevention that carries out disinfection.
6, charging basket, drinking bowl: big drinking bowl 40-50/, nip hydrophone 30-40/; Charging basket: big charging basket 40-50/, small powder bucket 20-30/.
7, chick chicken 5-7 age in days carries out the immunity first time, and the 12-14 age in days carries out the immunity second time.
8, points for attention:
1. ventilation: guarantee to reduce the chicken population density under the situation of temperature as far as possible, strengthen ventilation, keep with fresh air in the house, prevent that gap wind from directly blowing the chicken body.
2. carrying out power according to chicken group situation hives off.And from the 3rd week adding aseptic husky rock, weekly, press 3-4 kilogram/1000 chicken, evenly add, fed in one day.Used husky rock could use after will drying in 8 hours with the disinfectant soaking disinfection.
3. Antiepidemic sterilizing: by the vaccine program immunization of sterilizing normally.
Three, transitional period feeding and management (around)
1, feed: when transition is expected mid-term.Add green grass, green vegetables gradually, allow the chicken free choice feeding, avoid causing disease of digestive tract.
2, temperature, humidity: adjust temperature, humidity before putting in a suitable place to breed, strengthen ventilation, make the inside and outside temp. and humidity of house close, so that reduce stress by the temp. and humidity that causes outside giving up in the house.
3, illumination: after beginning around the, strengthen intensity of illumination as far as possible, make chicken adapt to natural lighting, reduce chick in giving up, transfer to cause outside the house stress.
4, sterilization: carry out normal disinfection according to immune programme for children.
5, when the house internal and external temperature is close, decontrol gradually, will near hen house, carry out in initial several days, after the adaptation, carry out full-time putting in a suitable place to breed.Also can put in a suitable place to breed to the strange land with vehicle transport (but simple and easy hen house must be arranged, take shelter from rain with windproof).
Four, breeding period feeding and management
Commercial chicken is put in a suitable place to breed and is mainly concentrated on annual summer May-10 and carry out the end of month, and the hen house internal and external temperature is more or less the same during this period of time, is convenient to feeding and management.Breeding period was generally 20-60 days.
1, puts preceding preparation in a suitable place to breed
1. the preparation on grassland, woods fruit ground: putting the area in a suitable place to breed will be away from downtown area and the place that has disease to pollute, and the well-ventilated, woods meadow or artificially sown pastures that physical features is high and dry, easily anti-harmful animal.Will separate pasture range with fence in addition, fence can suit measures to local conditions to solve (with sunflower straw, corn stalk, nylon mesh etc.), and herding the place preferably has short Cong Shu or shrub, is equipped with chicken and perches usefulness.
2. perch booth and shade: simple and easy booth can be suited measures to local conditions to build in various places, will perch frame or bedding and padding in the house, perches night for chicken.Shade is taken shelter from rain and the rest on daytime for chicken is windproof.
3. charging basket, drinking bowl: prepare enough charging baskets, drinking bowl, for chicken drinking-water, mend the food feed and use.
2, put management in a suitable place to breed
1. commercial chicken is put in a suitable place to breed, and each is mended and feeds feed once with evening at noon, puts in a suitable place to breed to woods arboretum or meadow then.
2. the drinking bowl of distribution some in herding the place, commercial chicken can be drunk enough cleaning drinking-water at any time when searching for food.
3. commercial chicken is put in a suitable place to breed, avoids heat, drinks water to shade when hot at noon.Chicken and going out, in the time of at dusk Ji Quan is returned hen house after it cyclostrophic cold.
4. in the process of putting in a suitable place to breed, will regularly return house every day with birdie or specific process training chicken.
5. every 4000-5000 commercial chicken formed a group, builds and perches colony house or shading shed.
6. breeding density: 0.25 square metre of grassland or place, woods orchard can be put 3-4 chicken in a suitable place to breed, and every mu of meadow at most can not be above 3000.
3, put points for attention in a suitable place to breed
1. to conscientiously observe chicken group state (search for food, drinking-water, disease etc.), pinpoint the problems and in time handle or in time report.
2. herding the place mustn't extraneous personnel visit, and forbids that extraneous chicken poultry enters, in case bring germ into.
3. herd the place and forbid spraying insecticide, herd place rubbish and should buriedly prevent that chicken from clawing the bacteria infection of pecking at, diseases induced.
4. herd the place and will live Rational Management in turn.Every batch of chicken will be rotated 6-8 place and be put in a suitable place to breed.
5. put commercial chicken in a suitable place to breed, often be with the chicken sterilization, prevent to germinate disease.
6. put the place in a suitable place to breed and should select high and dry, little slope of physical features or smooth area on the sunny side, to avoid moist.Prevent artificial pilferage, and beastly evil such as mouse, cat, dog, yellow weasel, snake, unnecessary loss reduced.