CN1310748C - 层合板 - Google Patents

层合板 Download PDF

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CN1310748C
CN1310748C CNB028007298A CN02800729A CN1310748C CN 1310748 C CN1310748 C CN 1310748C CN B028007298 A CNB028007298 A CN B028007298A CN 02800729 A CN02800729 A CN 02800729A CN 1310748 C CN1310748 C CN 1310748C
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laminate
far infrared
polyethylene
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近森精志
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IST CO Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种含有交联发泡体，具有放射远红外线的绝热性及保温性的层合板。层合板(1)组成包括：作为混入放射远红外线的物质的交联发泡体一例的板状聚乙烯泡沫(2)；和在其下面形成的板状无纺布(3)；和在聚乙烯泡沫(2)上面形成的聚酯薄膜(4)成为3层结构。本发明的层合板由于可放射远红外线，所以，与无纺布单体的板比较，在热反射效果方面，融雪时间等可大大缩短，而且，绝热效果和保温效果大幅度提高，还有，也可获得医疗效果。

Description

层合板
技术领域
本发明涉及层合板，尤其是有关含有交联发泡体，具有放射远红外线的绝热性及保温性的层合板。
背景技术
至今，绝热板供各种用途。例如，根据用加热器对使用纺粘型织物无纺布的绝热板加热到一定温度，进行用于融雪的道路防结冰是公知的。在该绝热板中利用无纺布热放射率高，向地表放热，与使用温水管的一般施工产生的融雪设施比较，可短时间地进行融雪。
而且，在超市用于展示、保存食品的冷藏架中，作为绝热板使用聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇(PET)薄膜和织物等。并且，空调设备和水道管等上也用绝热板复盖管子提高保温效果。
然而，在上述的无纺布单体的绝热板中，因无保温效果，所以不能有效地利用地热，绝热效果不充分。并且，PET薄膜单体的绝热板也一样。
发明内容
鉴于上述情况，本发明目的在于提供一种这样的层合板，通过有效地利用远红外线，可提高绝热效果及保温效果。
并且，本发明其他的目的在于提供一种这样的层合板，与无纺布单体板相比，用热反射效果可大大缩短融雪时间等。
还有，本发明的其他目的在于提供一种具有极广应用范围的通用性的层合板。
为了达到上述目的，本发明提供一种层合板，其特征是，包括：由混入金属氧化物的聚烯烃树脂形成的板状交联发泡体；和层合在该交联发泡体一面上的板状无纺布；和在该交联发泡体的另一面上层合的板状薄膜，其中，金属氧化物是氧化铝、氧化钛、氧化锆或其混合物，聚烯烃树脂是聚乙烯、聚丙稀或聚苯乙烯，无纺布层由聚乙烯、聚丙稀或聚苯乙烯构成，所述板状薄膜由用铝蒸镀粘结层粘合的聚酯层和聚乙烯层构成，其中聚乙烯层的一面朝向所述交联发泡体。
在本发明中，由于在交联发泡体中混入放射远红外线的金属氧化物，所以可通过加温反射远红外线，使交联发泡体具有绝热保温功能，使薄膜具有保护交联发泡表面和热反射的功能。
这里，所述聚烯烃树脂是聚乙烯树脂，所述无纺布是聚丙烯纺粘型织物无纺布。所述金属氧化物是一种金属氧化物或多种金属氧化物的混合物。
附图说明
图1是本发明-实施例的剖面图；
图2是图1中的PET薄膜一例的剖面图；
图3是测定本发明效果的测定方法一例的说明用平面图；
图4是本发明效果一例的特性图。
具体实施方式
实施本发明的最佳实施例
为了更详细地说明本发明，根据附图进行说明。
图1表示本发明的层合板一实施例的剖面图。在该图中，层合板1的组成包括；作为混入放射远红外线的物质的交联发泡体一例的板状聚乙烯泡沫(PE泡沫)2；和在其下面形成的板状无纺布3；和聚乙烯泡沫2的上面形成的聚酯(PET)薄膜4，是3层层合结构。
作为发泡体，具有聚烯系列(聚乙烯，聚丙烯，聚苯乙烯或各种聚合体等)和聚亚胺酯系列等。这里，在聚乙烯和聚丙烯中，最好是三维交联的。如果不是交联的，则耐热性、反弹性和压缩恢复性差。并且，在发泡体中混入放射远红外线的物质。
在该实施例中，作为混入放射远红外线的物质的交联发泡体，使用聚乙烯泡沫2。该聚乙烯泡沫2的制作过程为：将聚乙烯树脂和氧化铝以100∶30的混合比例混合，在其上配合发泡剂和制泡剂，再充分搅拌使其作30倍发泡而制得。这样，聚乙烯泡沫2在放射远红外线的同时，具有绝热保温功能。聚乙烯泡沫2的厚度根据要求任意切割。
此外，作为放射远红外线的物质，有各种金属氧化物和碳纤维和多孔碳材料(木材及将木质材料和酚树酯复合材料碳化过的材料)。从成本和功能均衡角度来看，最好是金属氧化物，因此，在上述的第1图实施例中使用氧化铝。此外，除了氧化铝以外，可单独使用氧化钛和氧化锆，也可合用这些材料。
无纺布3具有聚乙烯泡沫2的增强保护功能，如果考虑与聚乙烯泡沫2的层合，那么，由于最好用同样的树脂系列，所以聚丙烯和聚聚苯乙烯的无纺布是理想的。一旦与不同树脂系列的例如聚酯无纺布组合，则难于热融粘合。
而且，无纺布3由于用于聚乙烯泡沫2的增强保护而设置，所以如果是为了增强保护，那么也可使用直丝纱等的棉布代替无纺布。但是，由于棉布易于从苎麻(ラミ)品端部绽开，所以最好用无纺布。
使用聚丙烯纺粘型织物作为该实施例的板状无纺布3的，例如杜邦(デユポン)株式会社注册商标名“ザバ一ン”成板状构成的制品。这里，“ザバ一ン”本来是在土木及地毯以外用途中使用的无纺布。该无纺布3带孔68g/m2和聚乙烯泡沫2用框架苎麻(フレ一ムラミ)法粘合。
而且，薄膜4具有保护聚乙烯泡沫2表面和热反射的功能，加上耐热、耐磨耗性等，使用聚酯(PET)薄膜。该实施例的PET薄膜4的构造如图2的剖面构造所示。
即，PET薄膜4构成是：厚度为15微米的聚乙烯(PE)层41；和厚度为12微米的聚酯(PET)层42；和通过蒸镀这些使之粘合的铝蒸镀粘结层43。该构成的PET薄膜4使PE层41与聚乙烯泡沫2相对，用框架苎麻法粘合。
此外，PET薄膜4由于具有水解性，所以，必须避开在具有碱性和浸水可能的情况下使用层合板。如果担心这样的情况，可使用具有耐热性的聚烯系列薄膜取代PET薄膜4。
以上构成的本发明实施例的层合板1由于具有混入放射远红外线的物质的聚乙烯泡沫2，所以，相应层合板的温度放出远红外线。吸收该远红外线的物质使远红外线的能量变换成物质分子和晶格、原子等的振动能量和转动能量，物体本身发热。
这里，物质放射热能与温度差无关，已弄清取决于该物质的绝对温度，从绝对温度T的黑体放射体的单位面积每单位时间放射的能量与绝对温度T乘4成比例的斯蒂芬—波尔兹定律是公知的。尽管聚乙烯泡沫2不是黑体放射体，但是，通过修正放射率可应用斯蒂芬—波尔兹定律。
从而，根据修正放射率的斯蒂芬—波尔兹定律，从上述层合板1根据周围温度放出远红外线产生的热能。虽然周围温度越高该层合板1放出热能越大，但是，考虑到聚乙烯的熔点，最好在约摄氏60度以下的温度下使用。
接着，对有关本实施例的层合板的辐射热效果的测定结果，与已有的PET薄膜单体板进行比较说明。图3是说明测定方法的平面图，在切成500mm四方矩形的被测试块料6的上面(在本实施例的层合板中为PET薄膜4的上面)设置设定成表面温度为摄氏70度的片加热器7，测定在摄氏23度的环境温度下，在距片加热器7的30mm、100mm、150mm的测定点8a、8b、8c测定温度随经过时间怎样变化。该测定结果如图1及图4所示。
第4图的I、II、III表示在本实施例的层合板测定点8a、8b、8c的测定结果，同图的IV、V、VI表示在已有板的测定点8a、8b、8c的测定结果。从表1及图4中可得知，尽管本实施例的层合板的测定开始时温度在3个测定点8a、8b、8c的任一个都是相同的，但是，随着时间推移，距片加热器7近的测定点温度上升快，而且，变化剧烈，在约3分时最大。
与此相比，虽然结果显示已有板也是测定开始温度在3个测定点8a、8b、8c的任一个都相同，随着时间推移，距片加热器7点近的测定点温度上升快，但由于温度以较缓的斜度上升，所以在经过约3分钟时，与本实施例的层合板相比较温度相当低，因此，本实施例的层合板，利用远红外线的辐射效果要大，能在短时间达到高温。
因而，例如在融雪中使用本实施例的层合板的情况下，利用远红外线使雪和冰分子等运动，可将其能量作为热能放出。因此虽然与已有的绝热板相比较热放射率一样，但是，由于热反射效果，融雪时间大大缩短(从过去的3小时以上缩短到2小时左右)地热的利用效率有很大提高，而且，由于保温率大大提高，所以可防止温度的急剧下降。
此外，本发明不限于上述实施例，利用上述远红外线热放射、绝热、保温的特性，可广泛应用于融雪以外的方面。例如，可用于鞋底、椅子(靠背)杯子垫、便座、浴盆盖、各处座垫、拖鞋、各种保温充填物等的一般用途、医疗用的床垫、建筑用地板(地砖等)底贴、空调机类管道上卷的保温材料、顶棚和壁的保温材料等的建筑用途、在简易温室中使用(被认为可增加果实的甜味，促进树木生长)和促进鱼的生长。
还有，由于本发明的层合板具有保温效果，所以具有可改善腰痛、失眠、精力衰退阳萎、皮肤老化、皱纹、皮肤粗糙、手足麻木、脚癣、风湿、关节炎、痛风、精神紧张、慢性肝炎、母趾外翻、糖尿病等医疗效果，而且，也可预防反复疲劳(疲労回復)和缺盐(塩抜き)产生的高血压。而且，通过将本发明的层合板直接粘在人体或内衣上，可发挥上述医疗效果和保温效果。
而且，将本发明的层合板作为封套卷装在水道喷嘴(水龙头)及其周围使用，可除掉自来水的漂白粉味，而且，可感觉到水质甘甜。并且，保温性优异方面也已得到确认。还有，在本发明的层合板中通过电热丝还可作为箱式和圆形简易桑那使用。再有，还可直接使该层合板漂浮在澡盆的热水上，也可用于浴槽盖，在该情况下，由于可利用澡盆热水的热，所以可进一步促进远红外线的放射。
并且，本发明人已经确认，在热带鱼的水槽底面上使用本发明的层合板，会使受伤的鱼鳍和鳞片剥落等快速愈合。即，在水槽(长度900×高度450×宽度450mm)底面上全面敷上本发明的层合板，在其上面敷上30mm至40mm的沙和小圆砾石，在用从水槽底面向水槽上面吸水，通过过滤器的一般过滤方法饲养热带鱼的情况下，和在比上述水槽大的水槽(长度1800×高度600×宽度600mm)的底面上不敷层合板，把从水槽溢出的水送往过滤箱，过滤水难于被弄污的方法饲养热带鱼的情况下，对两者进行比较，在底面敷有层合板的前者水槽中饲养着的热带鱼的体伤或鳞片伤约5至6天就痊愈，在后者不敷层合板的已有水槽中，虽然水槽大条件好，但是，即使经过约1周剥鳞也没能恢复。根据这一点，可以说热带鱼伤的治愈，使用本发明的层合板的要快。
而且，已经了解到，在底面和左右侧面和背面共4个面上粘贴本发明的层合板的第1水槽(长度900×高度450×宽度450mm)和根本不使用层合板的第2水槽(长度900×高度450×宽度450mm)中，比较水草的生长速度，在一个月后第1水槽的水草长度约为35mm，相反，第2水槽的水草长度约为20mm，存在生长速度差别。
如上说明，根据本发明，通过在两侧层合无纺布和薄膜的板状交联发泡体上混入放射远红外线物质，因为可放射远红外线，所以与无纺布单体的板比较，由于热反射效果，可大大缩短融雪时间(使过去的3小时以上缩短到2小时的程度)。
而且，根据本发明，可大幅度地提高绝热和保温效果，利用这些效果，不仅可用于鞋底、椅子(靠背)、杯子垫、便座、浴盆盖、各处座垫、拖鞋、各种保温充填物、医疗用的床垫、建筑用地板(地砖等)底贴、空调机类管道上卷的保温材料、顶棚和壁的保温材料、塑料薄膜温室、水道喷嘴(水龙头)及其周围封套、融雪用板及其它各种用途，而且具有医疗效果等，可实现应用范围极宽的通用性层合板。

Claims (1)

1.一种层合板，其特征是，包括：由混入金属氧化物的聚烯烃树脂形成的板状交联发泡体；和层合在该交联发泡体一面上的板状无纺布；和在该交联发泡体的另一面上层合的板状薄膜，其中，金属氧化物是氧化铝、氧化钛、氧化锆或其混合物，聚烯烃树脂是聚乙烯、聚丙稀或聚苯乙烯，无纺布层由聚乙烯、聚丙稀或聚苯乙烯构成，所述板状薄膜由用铝蒸镀粘结层粘合的聚酯层和聚乙烯层构成，其中聚乙烯层的一面朝向所述交联发泡体。
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