EP0259940A2 - Method of manufacturing an artificial grass and an artificial grass obtained therewith - Google Patents

Method of manufacturing an artificial grass and an artificial grass obtained therewith Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0259940A2
EP0259940A2 EP87201796A EP87201796A EP0259940A2 EP 0259940 A2 EP0259940 A2 EP 0259940A2 EP 87201796 A EP87201796 A EP 87201796A EP 87201796 A EP87201796 A EP 87201796A EP 0259940 A2 EP0259940 A2 EP 0259940A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
threads
artificial grass
friction
coefficient
foregoing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP87201796A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0259940A3 (en
EP0259940B1 (en
Inventor
Antonius Vincentius Terhorst
Harm Van Den Bosch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Koninklijke Nijverdal-Ten Cate NV
Original Assignee
Koninklijke Nijverdal-Ten Cate NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
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Application filed by Koninklijke Nijverdal-Ten Cate NV filed Critical Koninklijke Nijverdal-Ten Cate NV
Priority to AT87201796T priority Critical patent/ATE78537T1/en
Publication of EP0259940A2 publication Critical patent/EP0259940A2/en
Publication of EP0259940A3 publication Critical patent/EP0259940A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0259940B1 publication Critical patent/EP0259940B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C13/00—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds
    • E01C13/10—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds for artificial surfaces for outdoor or indoor practice of snow or ice sports
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H11/00—Non-woven pile fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D05—SEWING; EMBROIDERING; TUFTING
    • D05C—EMBROIDERING; TUFTING
    • D05C17/00—Embroidered or tufted products; Base fabrics specially adapted for embroidered work; Inserts for producing surface irregularities in embroidered products
    • D05C17/02—Tufted products
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/244—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of halogenated hydrocarbons
    • D06M15/256—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of halogenated hydrocarbons containing fluorine
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/643—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing silicon in the main chain
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C13/00—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds
    • E01C13/08—Surfaces simulating grass ; Grass-grown sports grounds
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D10B2321/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins
    • D10B2321/021—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins polyethylene
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D10B2321/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins
    • D10B2321/022—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins polypropylene
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/04—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate [PET]
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
    • D10B2401/06—Load-responsive characteristics
    • D10B2401/062—Load-responsive characteristics stiff, shape retention

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for manufacturing artificial grass, consisting of an underlayer and strip-like pile threads embedded therein, which threads protrude, as grass, on one side out of the underlayer, particularly for a sports field, for instance a football pitch.
  • the object of the current invention is to make available a method which enables the manufacture of an artificial grass such that it meets the requirements laid down with respect to coefficient of friction/roughness.
  • Use can be made of frizzing or crinkles to obtain the isotropic properties of the turf. An effective lowering of the coefficient of friction can be realized in this way. Use can be made for this purpose of a circle knit method or knit­deknit.
  • the crinkles can be fixed in a furnace, for example by means of hot air or steam.
  • Use can be made for instance of at least one treatment at a temperature of approximately 130°C for a time interval in the order of 10 minutes. It can be useful, depending on the materials employed, to repeat such a thermal treatment several times.
  • a qualitatively high-grade artificial grass can be obtained with such a method.
  • a further lowering of the coeff­icient of friction can be carried out by adding one or more substances to the base material, which is for example poly­propene.
  • Polyethylene terephthalate can for example be added in a ratio in the order of 50% : 50%.
  • Other substances can also be used.
  • Special mechanical techniques can also be emp­loyed in the manufacture of the threads, for instance a co-­extrusion of a number, e.g. 3 or 4, of films onto one another, including for example at least one moisture absorbing layer. Even "super absorbers" can be applied in this context.
  • the function of a moisture absorbing layer is to take up moisture and release it at the moment when the pitch has to be played on, which results in a lowered coefficient of friction being brought about owing to the released moisture, also in dry weather.
  • a strip-like thread consisting of 100% linear low density polypropylene provides a soft artificial grass, of which the recovery capacity leaves something to be desired. The coefficient of friction is certainly lowered and the resistance to wear is good.
  • a laminate type structure for example 3 co-extruded films, can consist of a centre layer of the relatively rigid polypropene with a thickness of 60%, having on either side a layer with a thickness of 20% and consisting of another more flexible material, for example the linear low density polyethylene mentioned earlier.
  • use can be made of polyethylene terephthalate. This material possesses a low coefficient of friction and also has a (small) moisture absorption capacity.
  • An after treatment can be applied for addition of smoo­thing substances as coating layer on the pile threads, for example consisting of polytetrafluoroethylene and/or material on a silicon base.
  • Strips can be treated in the factory.
  • a water dispersion of smoothing substance can be manufactured and applied to the threads by spraying or another suitable process, and the water allowed to evaporate.
  • the strip-like threads can thus for example be guided beforehand through a dispersion of the smoothing material, or a field with artific­ial grass can be rolled with a roller running through a liquid bath.
  • Thread as specified above, fibrillated with four needles per centimetre, incision length 8 - 12 mm.
  • Thread as specified above.
  • a surface treatment agent for smoothing the threads use is made of a surface treatment agent.
  • Surface treatment means the applying of a liquid to give the thread the desired properties with respect to its processing and final characteristics.
  • a surface treatment agent can if necessary permeate into the thread through dif­fusion.
  • the surface treatment agent consisted of a mixture of silicon oils and polytetrafluoroethylene. The surface treatment agent was dissolved in water. The dispersion was sprayed on. After evaporation of the water there remained 1-2% active substance or surface treatment agent per kg. of pile thread.
  • a typical carpet construction for artificial football turf is manufactured on a tufting machine with 3/8 or 5/16 division, a stitch count of 14-16 per 10 cm and a pile height of 32-35 mm.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
  • Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Synthetic Leather, Interior Materials Or Flexible Sheet Materials (AREA)
  • Carpets (AREA)

Abstract

A method for manufacturing artificial grass consists of an underlayer and strip-like pile threads embedded there­in, which threads protrude, as grass, on one side out of the underlayer, particularly for a sports field, for instance a football pitch.
The object of the current invention is to make available a method which enables the manufacture of an artificial grass such that it meets requirements with respect to coefficient of friction/roughness.
Use can be made of frizzing or crinkles to obtain the isotropic properties of the turf. An effective lowering of the coefficient of friction can be realized in this way. Use can be made for this purpose of a circle knit method or knitdeknit. The crinkles can be fixed by a heat treatment.
As an alternative substances may be added (mixed coated or coextruded) reducing the friction coefficient.

Description

  • The invention relates to a method for manufacturing artificial grass, consisting of an underlayer and strip-like pile threads embedded therein, which threads protrude, as grass, on one side out of the underlayer, particularly for a sports field, for instance a football pitch.
  • Known is the use of a carrier having tufted pile threads in it, usually consisting of polypropene. Polypropene has the drawback that is has in common with human skin a comparatively high coefficient of friction, so that when someone playing a sport slides with his skin along the turf (sliding tackles) burns can result. The Nederlandse Sportfederatie NSF (Dutch Sport Federation) among others lays down particular require­ments with respect to the characteristics of artificial grass­es, including requirements related to the coefficient of friction. The NSF together with the Koninklijke Nederlandse Voetbalbond (Football Association) has adopted the norms 2.a, 4.b, 4.c and 4.d applicable to football. In such a "Leroux" test the coefficient of friction is expressed in terms of roughness. This roughness can be expressed in one character­ising numeral and must be as low as possible. In principle a value of at the highest 0.3 is required for a football pitch.
  • The object of the current invention is to make available a method which enables the manufacture of an artificial grass such that it meets the requirements laid down with respect to coefficient of friction/roughness.
  • Use can be made of frizzing or crinkles to obtain the isotropic properties of the turf. An effective lowering of the coefficient of friction can be realized in this way. Use can be made for this purpose of a circle knit method or knit­deknit. The crinkles can be fixed in a furnace, for example by means of hot air or steam. Use can be made for instance of at least one treatment at a temperature of approximately 130°C for a time interval in the order of 10 minutes. It can be useful, depending on the materials employed, to repeat such a thermal treatment several times.
  • A qualitatively high-grade artificial grass can be obtained with such a method. A further lowering of the coeff­icient of friction can be carried out by adding one or more substances to the base material, which is for example poly­propene. Polyethylene terephthalate can for example be added in a ratio in the order of 50% : 50%. Other substances can also be used. Special mechanical techniques can also be emp­loyed in the manufacture of the threads, for instance a co-­extrusion of a number, e.g. 3 or 4, of films onto one another, including for example at least one moisture absorbing layer. Even "super absorbers" can be applied in this context. The function of a moisture absorbing layer is to take up moisture and release it at the moment when the pitch has to be played on, which results in a lowered coefficient of friction being brought about owing to the released moisture, also in dry weather.
  • A strip-like thread, consisting of 100% linear low density polypropylene provides a soft artificial grass, of which the recovery capacity leaves something to be desired. The coefficient of friction is certainly lowered and the resistance to wear is good. A laminate type structure, for example 3 co-extruded films, can consist of a centre layer of the relatively rigid polypropene with a thickness of 60%, having on either side a layer with a thickness of 20% and consisting of another more flexible material, for example the linear low density polyethylene mentioned earlier. In addition use can be made of polyethylene terephthalate. This material possesses a low coefficient of friction and also has a (small) moisture absorption capacity.
  • An after treatment can be applied for addition of smoo­thing substances as coating layer on the pile threads, for example consisting of polytetrafluoroethylene and/or material on a silicon base. Strips can be treated in the factory. A water dispersion of smoothing substance can be manufactured and applied to the threads by spraying or another suitable process, and the water allowed to evaporate. The strip-like threads can thus for example be guided beforehand through a dispersion of the smoothing material, or a field with artific­ial grass can be rolled with a roller running through a liquid bath.
    • Example 1
  • Use was made of threads consisting of approximately 90% polypropene, approximately 8% linear low density polyethylene and approximately 2% CaCO₃, in addition to small quantities of the additions that are further usual to improve the mechanic­al, thermal and ultra violet stability and the like. Addition of CaCO₃ gives an increase in stiffness and lessens the ten­dency of the pile threads to splitting.
  • Use was made of a three-stand thread 3 x 2200 DTEX twine, 5 mm x 50 µ.
  • Thread frizzed.
    • Example 2
  • Threads as in example 1, frizzed. Frizzing length 20-­30 mm. Frizzing fixed with steam, 130°C for 2 x 10 minutes.
    • Example 3
  • Thread as specified above, fibrillated with four needles per centimetre, incision length 8 - 12 mm.
    • Example 4
  • Application of coating layer. Thread as specified above. For smoothing the threads use is made of a surface treatment agent. Surface treatment means the applying of a liquid to give the thread the desired properties with respect to its processing and final characteristics. A surface treatment agent can if necessary permeate into the thread through dif­fusion. In this case the surface treatment agent consisted of a mixture of silicon oils and polytetrafluoroethylene. The surface treatment agent was dissolved in water. The dispersion was sprayed on. After evaporation of the water there remained 1-2% active substance or surface treatment agent per kg. of pile thread.
    • Example 5
  • A typical carpet construction for artificial football turf is manufactured on a tufting machine with 3/8 or 5/16 division, a stitch count of 14-16 per 10 cm and a pile height of 32-35 mm.
  • The norms referred to were satisfied in all cases.

Claims (21)

1. Method for manufacturing artificial grass, consisting of an underlayer and strip-like pile threads embedded therein, which threads protrude, as grass, on one side out of the underlayer, characterized in that steps are taken to reduce the coefficient of friction.
2. Method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that use is made of frizzed threads.
3. Method as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the frizzing of the threads is fixed by a heat treatment.
4. Method as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the pre-frizzed threads are exposed to at least one heating up to approximately 130°C for a time interval in the order of 10 minutes.
5. Method as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that use is made of steam.
6. Method as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, characterized in that use is made as raw material for the threads of a polymer, for example polypropene, to which is added at least one substance which reduces the coefficient of friction.
7. Method as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that polytetrafluoroethylene or polyethylene terephthalate is mix­ed with the polymer, for instance in the form of a master­badge.
8. Method as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that the mixing ratio is selected in the order of magnitude of 50% : 50%.
9. Method as claimed in any of the claims 6-8, charac­terized in that the quantity of polytetrafluoroethylene is chosen such that the resulting quantity thereof amounts to approximately 2-7% of the total thread weight.
10. Method as claimed in any of the claims 6-8, charac­terized in that for manufacture of the threads both substan­ces are extruded simultaneously.
11. Method as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, characterized in that threads are manufactured by co-extrusion of a number of films in order to obtain the required mechan­ical properties, such as coefficient of friction, pile stiff­ness, wear resistance and recovery capacity.
12. Method as claimed in claim 11, characterized in that at least one film is used with moisture absorbing proper­ties.
13. Method as claimed in claim 12, characterized in that use is made of a "super absorber", for example a cross linkable sodium polyacrylate.
14. Method as claimed in claim 11, characterized in that 3 films are co-extruded, the middle one of which consists of polypropene while the outer films consist of a softer, more flexible and/or smoother material.
15. Method as claimed in claim 14, characterized in that the outer films contain linear low density polyethylene.
16. Method as claimed in claim 14, characterized in that the outer films contain polyethylene terephthalate.
17. Method as claimed in claim 14, characterized in that the outer films each have a relative thickness in the order of magnitude of 20% of the total thread thickness.
18. Method as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, characterized in that the threads are subjected to a fibrill­ation by piercing the strip-like threads with needles.
19. Method as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, characterized in that the threads or the completed artificial grass are subjected to an after treatment for applying to said threads a coating layer containing a smoothing substance, which contains polytetrafluoroethylene or a material on a silicon base.
20. Method as claimed in claim 19, characterized in that a watery dispersion is made of the smoothing substance, which is applied to the threads by spraying or other suitable process, and the water is allowed to evaporate.
21. Artificial grass obtained by application of a method as claimed in any of the foregoing claims.
EP87201796A 1986-09-12 1987-09-14 Method of manufacturing an artificial grass and an artificial grass obtained therewith Expired - Lifetime EP0259940B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87201796T ATE78537T1 (en) 1986-09-12 1987-09-14 METHOD OF MANUFACTURING ARTIFICIAL GRASS AND ARTIFICIAL GRASS MANUFACTURED THEREFORE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL8602312 1986-09-12
NL8602312A NL8602312A (en) 1986-09-12 1986-09-12 METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING AN ARTIFICIAL GRASSMAT AND ARTIFICIAL GRASSMAT OBTAINED THEREFROM

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0259940A2 true EP0259940A2 (en) 1988-03-16
EP0259940A3 EP0259940A3 (en) 1990-10-10
EP0259940B1 EP0259940B1 (en) 1992-07-22

Family

ID=19848540

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87201796A Expired - Lifetime EP0259940B1 (en) 1986-09-12 1987-09-14 Method of manufacturing an artificial grass and an artificial grass obtained therewith

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0259940B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE78537T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3780543T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2033298T3 (en)
GR (1) GR3005414T3 (en)
NL (1) NL8602312A (en)

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0359321A1 (en) * 1988-09-16 1990-03-21 SOLVAY (Société Anonyme) Fibrillated tapes based on polymers of propylene, and their use in the manufacture of artificial grass
EP0417832A1 (en) * 1989-09-05 1991-03-20 Tapijtfabriek H. Desseaux N.V. Method for producing yarn for fields of artificial grass and field of artificial grass produced with this yarn
EP1053362A1 (en) * 1998-02-10 2000-11-22 Robert T. Gunn Low coefficient of friction fibers
EP1375750A1 (en) * 2002-06-17 2004-01-02 Mondo S.p.A. A process for producing synthetic-grass structures and corresponding synthetic-grass structure
WO2004106601A1 (en) 2003-05-28 2004-12-09 Lankhorst Indutech B.V. Yarn for an artificial turf ground cover, artificial turf ground cover and playing field including such a yarn and method for producing such a yarn
NL1026239C2 (en) * 2004-05-19 2005-11-22 Ten Cate Thiolon Bv Method for manufacturing a plastic fiber for use in an artificial grass sports field as well as such a plastic fiber.
WO2006068476A1 (en) * 2004-12-24 2006-06-29 Tapijtfabriek H. Desseaux N.V. Artificial grass built up of fibres that consist of a core and a cladding, as well as an artificial lawn built up therefrom
NL1033949C2 (en) * 2007-06-07 2008-12-09 Desseaux H Tapijtfab Artificial grass constructed from fibers consisting of a core and a mantle, as well as an artificial grass field built from it.
US8153227B2 (en) 2007-07-06 2012-04-10 Mondo S.P.A. Substrate for floorings such as, for instance, synthetic grass turf, corresponding synthetic grass turf and methods of manufacture
AU2011221358B2 (en) * 2004-05-19 2012-08-30 Ten Cate Thiolon B.V. Method For Producing A Synthetic Fibre For Use In An Artificial Grass Sports Field And Such A Synthetic Fibre
US8530026B2 (en) 2005-02-08 2013-09-10 Ten Cate Thiolon B.V. Artificial fiber for use in an artificial grass sports field
US8557363B2 (en) 2005-02-28 2013-10-15 Ten Cate Thiolon B.V. Artificial grass turf system
US8568852B2 (en) 2004-06-17 2013-10-29 Ten Cate Thiolon B.V. Artificial grass turf and infill for sports fields
WO2015112434A1 (en) * 2014-01-22 2015-07-30 Dow Global Technologies Llc Artificial turf filaments, and articles made therefrom
BE1030651B1 (en) * 2022-06-20 2024-01-29 Sports And Leisure Group Nv SAP-INCLUDING FIBER TUFFED INTO AN ARTIFICIAL GRASS MAT

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CA2747152C (en) 2008-12-15 2016-01-12 Textile Management Associates, Inc. Method of recycling synthetic turf and infill product
SG193018A1 (en) 2011-04-18 2013-09-30 Tarkett Inc Fire resistant artificial turf
CN103534396B (en) 2011-06-03 2016-08-17 欧瑞康纺织有限及两合公司 For the method and apparatus manufacturing the grassplot-imitation fiber of synthesis

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DE2015355A1 (en) * 1969-04-02 1970-10-29 Crown Zellerbach Corp., San Francisco, Calif. (V.St.A.) Process for making oriented composite synthetic filaments or tapes
US3940522A (en) * 1971-05-27 1976-02-24 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Synthetic fibers and pile fabrics made therefrom
FR2187530A1 (en) * 1972-06-14 1974-01-18 Toray Industries
FR2238805A1 (en) * 1973-07-23 1975-02-21 Snow Products
DE2512707A1 (en) * 1975-03-22 1976-10-07 Hfi Hanfwerke Fuessen Immensta Synthetic yarns having flax or hemp properties - prepd. from extruded film of polyolefin polyamide and polyester mixt.
US4061804A (en) * 1976-08-12 1977-12-06 Akzona Incorporated Non-directional rectangular filaments and products
US4337283A (en) * 1980-09-11 1982-06-29 Haas Jr Frederick T Synthetic turf playing surface with resilient top-dressing
US4348434A (en) * 1981-04-06 1982-09-07 Eutectic Corporation Flame spray powder
US4389434A (en) * 1982-02-12 1983-06-21 Chevron Research Company Permeable grass-like sport surface with fused glass membrane
EP0099047A2 (en) * 1982-07-10 1984-01-25 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Method of continuously drawing and texturing yarns
EP0244486A1 (en) * 1985-11-01 1987-11-11 Showa Denko Kabushiki Kaisha Water absorbing material and method for its manufacture

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BE1002478A4 (en) * 1988-09-16 1991-02-26 Solvay PROPYLENE POLYMER STRIPS AND THEIR USE IN THE MANUFACTURE OF SYNTHETIC GRASS.
US5045598A (en) * 1988-09-16 1991-09-03 Solvay & Cie (Soci e/ te Anonyme) Slit film yarn based on propylene polymer and its use for the manufacture of synthetic lawn
EP0359321A1 (en) * 1988-09-16 1990-03-21 SOLVAY (Société Anonyme) Fibrillated tapes based on polymers of propylene, and their use in the manufacture of artificial grass
EP0417832A1 (en) * 1989-09-05 1991-03-20 Tapijtfabriek H. Desseaux N.V. Method for producing yarn for fields of artificial grass and field of artificial grass produced with this yarn
EP1053362A1 (en) * 1998-02-10 2000-11-22 Robert T. Gunn Low coefficient of friction fibers
EP1053362A4 (en) * 1998-02-10 2002-08-21 Robert T Gunn Low coefficient of friction fibers
EP1375750A1 (en) * 2002-06-17 2004-01-02 Mondo S.p.A. A process for producing synthetic-grass structures and corresponding synthetic-grass structure
US7264854B2 (en) 2002-06-17 2007-09-04 Mondo S.P.A. Process for producing synthetic-grass structures and corresponding synthetic-grass structure
EA007555B1 (en) * 2003-05-28 2006-10-27 Ланкорст Индутех Б.В. Yarn for an artificial turf ground cover, artificial turf ground cover and playing field including such a yarn and method for producing such a yarn
WO2004106601A1 (en) 2003-05-28 2004-12-09 Lankhorst Indutech B.V. Yarn for an artificial turf ground cover, artificial turf ground cover and playing field including such a yarn and method for producing such a yarn
US7611763B2 (en) 2003-05-28 2009-11-03 Lankhorst Indutech B.V. Yarn for an artificial turf ground cover, artificial turf ground cover and playing field including such a yarn and method for producing such a yarn
NL1026239C2 (en) * 2004-05-19 2005-11-22 Ten Cate Thiolon Bv Method for manufacturing a plastic fiber for use in an artificial grass sports field as well as such a plastic fiber.
EA008915B1 (en) * 2004-05-19 2007-08-31 Тен Кейт Тиолон Б.В. Method for producing a synthetic fibre for use in an artificial grass sports field and such a synthetic fibre
EP1747306B2 (en) † 2004-05-19 2023-11-29 Ten Cate Thiolon B.V. Method for producing a synthetic fibre for use in an artificial grass sports field and such a synthetic fibre
WO2005111281A1 (en) * 2004-05-19 2005-11-24 Ten Cate Thiolon B.V. Method for producing a synthetic fibre for use in an artificial grass sports field and such a synthetic fibre
AU2011221358B2 (en) * 2004-05-19 2012-08-30 Ten Cate Thiolon B.V. Method For Producing A Synthetic Fibre For Use In An Artificial Grass Sports Field And Such A Synthetic Fibre
EP1747306B1 (en) 2004-05-19 2016-09-28 Ten Cate Thiolon B.V. Method for producing a synthetic fibre for use in an artificial grass sports field and such a synthetic fibre
CN1961101B (en) * 2004-05-19 2012-08-22 腾凯特塞奥隆公司 Method for producing a synthetic fibre for use in an artificial grass sports field and such a synthetic fibre
US8568852B2 (en) 2004-06-17 2013-10-29 Ten Cate Thiolon B.V. Artificial grass turf and infill for sports fields
WO2006068476A1 (en) * 2004-12-24 2006-06-29 Tapijtfabriek H. Desseaux N.V. Artificial grass built up of fibres that consist of a core and a cladding, as well as an artificial lawn built up therefrom
NO338840B1 (en) * 2004-12-24 2016-10-24 Tapijtfabriek H Desseaux Nv Artificial grass made up of fibers consisting of a core and a sheath, as well as an artificial lawn made up of this
US8530026B2 (en) 2005-02-08 2013-09-10 Ten Cate Thiolon B.V. Artificial fiber for use in an artificial grass sports field
US8557363B2 (en) 2005-02-28 2013-10-15 Ten Cate Thiolon B.V. Artificial grass turf system
WO2008150156A1 (en) * 2007-06-07 2008-12-11 Tapijtfabriek H. Desseaux N.V. Artificial grass composed of fibres comprising of a core and a cladding, as well as an artificial lawn made up thereof
NL1033949C2 (en) * 2007-06-07 2008-12-09 Desseaux H Tapijtfab Artificial grass constructed from fibers consisting of a core and a mantle, as well as an artificial grass field built from it.
US8153227B2 (en) 2007-07-06 2012-04-10 Mondo S.P.A. Substrate for floorings such as, for instance, synthetic grass turf, corresponding synthetic grass turf and methods of manufacture
WO2015112434A1 (en) * 2014-01-22 2015-07-30 Dow Global Technologies Llc Artificial turf filaments, and articles made therefrom
BE1030651B1 (en) * 2022-06-20 2024-01-29 Sports And Leisure Group Nv SAP-INCLUDING FIBER TUFFED INTO AN ARTIFICIAL GRASS MAT

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NL8602312A (en) 1988-04-05
EP0259940A3 (en) 1990-10-10
ATE78537T1 (en) 1992-08-15
EP0259940B1 (en) 1992-07-22
DE3780543D1 (en) 1992-08-27
ES2033298T3 (en) 1993-03-16
GR3005414T3 (en) 1993-05-24

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