CN1310052C - 光纤插塞 - Google Patents
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Abstract
提供了一种相当小的光纤插塞,以便于穿过小的通道牵引该光纤插塞及相连的光纤电缆。该光纤插塞可包括一护罩,所述护罩保护光纤连接器而且可还形成至少一开口、较佳的是一对开口。开口的尺寸构造成当光纤插塞装配至一光纤插座时可接受一接合套筒的一些部分。光纤插塞还可包括一盖子,它在安装期间安装在光纤插塞的其余部分上并适于相对它们旋转,以充当一牵引抓握件。再者,光纤插塞可包括一卷缩带,所述卷缩带机械式连接至光纤电缆及插塞壳体两者,以便将光纤连接器与光纤电缆承受的力所产生的扭矩隔离开。
Description
技术领域
本发明总的涉及一种互连或者端接光纤的组件,更具体地涉及一种配合相应插座的光纤插塞。
背景技术
在日益增多和各种各样的应用装置中使用了光纤,例如不同的通讯及数据传输应用装置。结果,光纤网络必须包括更多一根或多根光纤系在其中互连或者端接的箱盒。例如,例如有线电视(CATV)网络的光纤网络可包括若干光网络单元(ONUs),其中沿着光纤传播的光信号被转换成相应的电信号。此外,电视及有线电视网络可包括若干网络接口装置(NID);每个接口装置与一特别订户相关联。当接收该引入的光信号时,该网络接口装置将该信号分接并传递至预定位置,例如至各种电话或有线电视输出口。与一光网络单元相同,如有需要,该网络接口装置也将该引入的光信号转换成电信号。光纤网络也可包括若干封闭盒,包括接头盒,其中不同的光纤叠合的或者光学连接。不论类型,这些箱盒为光纤,更具体地说,为光纤叠合的或者光学连接的部位提供诸如防止湿气或其他的环境恶化影响的保护。
这些箱盒(例如光网络单元、网络接口装置及其他盒体)典型包括一个或多个插座,其中该光纤电缆的个根光纤系连接至该箱盒内的相应光纤。该箱盒内的诸光纤随后可如预期互连或者端接。习知上,插座包括一形成一内部空腔的插座外壳,以及设置于该插座外壳所形成的内部空腔内的固定位置的一接合套筒。该接合套筒用于接受一对套圈,每个套圈安装在诸光纤的末端上。该套圈之一附接至从一电缆、带状电缆或光纤装置延伸的光纤末端,而且所述电缆、带状电缆或光纤装置延伸入或设置于该箱盒内部以便于该光纤的叠合或其它交互连结或端接。如下文所述,另一个套圈安装在从箱盒延伸出或位于箱盒外面的一缆线、带状电缆或光纤装置延伸出的光纤上,例如光纤电缆的光纤。该接合套筒协助粗对准该套圈,而且套圈导销或其他对准装置系协助安装在各套圈端面上的诸光纤的细对准。
为配合一习知箱盒的插座,将一光纤插塞安装在一光纤电缆的末端。该插塞通常包括一大致圆筒形插塞壳体及一光纤连接器,后者包括一设置于该圆筒形插塞壳体内的插塞套圈。为保护该插塞套圈,该圆筒形插塞壳体部分或完全包围该光纤连接器的侧边。尽管该圆筒形插塞壳体的末端是开放的以致于该套圈是可接近的,但该光纤连接器的末端稍微延伸超过该套圈以提供进一步保护。该套圈安装在该光纤电缆的多根光纤上,以致于该插塞及插座的配合会将该光纤电缆的光纤与箱盒内的相应光纤对准或连接。
在配合该插塞与插座的过程中,该插塞套圈插入该插座的接合套筒的一末端。该接合套筒因此将插塞套圈对准一插座套圈,该插座套圈附接至来自延伸入或位于箱盒内部的一电缆、带状电缆或光纤装置的光纤的末端部分。由于习知光纤插塞的结构,当该插塞套圈插入该接合套筒时,该接合套筒的一末端被接受在该插塞壳体的开放末端内。此外,为将该插塞套圈保持在该接合套筒内,该光纤插塞的光纤连接器及该接合套筒设计成例如藉由一对闩锁来机械式联结。当该闩锁有效联结该插塞套圈及该接合套筒时,该光纤连接器及该接合套筒的机械联结不利地限制该插塞与该接合套筒间的浮动。
一旦该插塞及插座相配合,该光纤电缆可能承受在包括该插塞套圈的光纤连接器上产生扭矩的力。该扭矩将有害地增加经由该插塞套圈安装于其上的该光纤传送的光信号的衰减。更糟的是,该扭矩可能使该光纤断裂。习知上,其上安装该光纤插塞的光纤电缆相当柔软,以致于该插塞套圈仅承受最少的扭矩。然而,最近光纤插塞被安装在坚硬得多的光纤电缆上,例如用于户外设施的有防护壳的光纤电缆。由于这些光纤电缆的刚度增加,施加在该光纤电缆的力非常容易传递至该插塞套圈,从而在该插塞套圈上施加更多的扭矩。由于扭矩所产生的光信号的衰减增加,所以至少部分地将该插塞套圈及其上安装插塞套圈的光纤与光纤所承受的那些力隔绝对光纤插塞是有益处的。
与该插座啮合前,包括一安装插塞的其末端部分的一光纤电缆有时必须通过牵引来沿着预定电缆路径安装。在一些情形下,该光纤电缆必须延伸穿越并不比光纤自身大多少的输送管或其它小通道。因为该插塞壳体必须足够大,以接受及环绕该接合套筒的一末端,所以该插塞壳体的尺寸可能限制安装该光纤电缆所穿过的输送管或其它通道的最小尺寸。当鉴于目前所要安装的光纤电缆的数量之大,而在现在更加强调减少用来安装一光纤电缆所需的空间、即减少输送管尺寸时,对管道最小尺寸的限制变得更加不利。然而目前,牵引一光纤电缆所穿过的输送管尺寸的减小,至少部分地受到安装在该光纤电缆的末端的插塞壳体尺寸的限制。
为牵引一光纤电缆,通常在该光纤电缆的先导端安装一牵引抓握件,而且所述光纤电缆包括在那些实施例中的光纤插塞,其中一光纤插塞系安装在该光纤电缆的末端。该牵引抓握件设计成牢固地啮合该光纤负载的末端,该端负载系联结至该电缆的加强件,而且提供一绳索、一电缆或类似物的附接点以用来牵引该光纤电缆。因为该光纤电缆必须经常沿着扭转及转弯的预定电缆路径而牵引,牵引抓握件设计适于相对于该光纤电缆旋转或转动,以避免在沿着一路径牵引光纤电缆时在光纤电缆上施加不希望的扭矩。典型地,适于相对该光纤电缆转动的牵引抓握件包括数个必须连接至光纤电缆的元件。该习知牵引抓握件的元件相互连接成,允许该绳索、电缆或类似物所附接的元件相对直接附接至该光纤电缆的元件转动或旋转。因此,当可实现能相对于该光纤电缆转动的牵引抓握件时,有利的是,提供一用于相对该光纤电缆可转动的牵引抓握件,它系具有一较简单结构,以便于使用该牵引抓握件并降低该牵引抓握件的成本。
发明内容
根据本发明,提供一种改良的光纤插塞。根据本发明的实施例,该光纤插塞设计为便于将该光纤插塞及相连光纤电缆牵引通过相对的小通道。为进一步便于将该光纤插塞及相连光纤电缆牵引通过相对的小通道,该光纤插塞包括一盖子,该盖子安装在该光纤插塞的其余部分上并适于相对它们旋转,从而提供用于牵引该光纤电缆以及允许该光纤电缆相对其旋转或转动的机构,且相较于习知牵引抓握件具有较少的零件。再者,该光纤插塞将光纤电缆连接器及该插塞套圈与原本会由该光纤电缆承受的力所产生的扭矩隔离开。
根据实施例,该光纤插塞系包括一具有一连接器外壳及一插塞套圈的光纤连接器,所述插塞套圈至少部分安置在该连接器外壳内而且可安装在多根光纤的末端部分上。该光纤插塞还包括一插塞壳体,该本体在第一端及第二端间沿纵向延伸而且形成一纵轴线。该插塞壳体具有一接近该第一端的护罩。在实施例中,该护罩形成至少一开口,所述开口由至少该护罩的中间部分沿纵向延伸至该插塞壳体的第一端。在较佳实施例中,该护罩形成在相对侧上的一对开口,该对开口由至少该护罩的中间部分沿纵向延伸至该插塞壳体的第一端。在其它实施例中,该护罩不包括开口。该光纤连接器安置在该插塞壳体内,以致于插塞套圈在护罩内可经由插塞壳体的第一端接近。该沿纵向延伸的插塞壳体形成一纵轴线,而且该插塞壳体还包括:一设有外螺纹的主轴,它接近该护罩;以及一设有内螺纹的轴环,该设有内螺纹的轴环安置在设有外螺纹主轴上,以致于在允许该轴环相对主轴绕所述纵轴线转动的同时,由护罩的一肩部限制轴环沿纵向的移动。
在该护罩是圆筒形而且具有一对开口的实施例中,该护罩的第一端因此包括一对由该开口分隔的弧形护罩部分。较佳地,由该护罩形成的开口系相互对准的。该光纤连接器安装在插塞壳体内的一固定位置,而且相对于该插塞壳体可绕该纵轴线转动,以致于该护罩形成的开口也纵向地对准该插塞套圈。于此,该插塞套圈通常形成数个在一参考平面沿着长度延伸的孔。这样,该护罩形成的开口较佳地以该参考平面为中心。
根据实施例,提供一种光纤插塞及插座组件,它包括一光纤插塞和一光纤插座。该光纤插塞包括:一插塞壳体,具有一接近其一端的护罩,该护罩形成至少一开口;以及一光纤连接器,该光纤连接器安置在该插塞壳体内,而且包括一连接器外壳及一插塞套圈,所述插塞套圈至少部分地安置在该连接器外壳内。沿纵向延伸的插塞壳体形成一纵轴线,而且其中该插塞壳体还包括:一设有外螺纹的主轴,它接近该护罩;以及一设有内螺纹的轴环,该设有内螺纹的轴环安置在设有外螺纹主轴上,以致于在允许该轴环相对主轴绕所述纵轴线转动的同时,由护罩的一肩部限制轴环沿纵向的移动。该光纤插座用于配合该光纤插塞,该光纤插座包括:一插座外壳,它形成一通过其相对末端开口的内部空腔;以及一接合套筒,它安置在该插座外壳所形成的内部空腔内,该接合套筒形成一沿纵向延伸的通道,用于接受光纤插塞的插塞套圈的一部分。于此,该插塞套圈安置在该插塞壳体内,以至于该插塞套圈经由该插塞壳体的第一端在护罩内是可接近的,尽管该护罩较佳地稍稍延伸超越该插塞套圈。护罩及接合套筒的尺寸构造成,一旦光纤插塞的插塞套圈系插入接合套筒,接合套筒的那个部分就安置在该护罩所形成的至少一个开口内。因此,在实施例中,该护罩不是如同习知光纤插塞那样完全环绕该接合套筒。因此,该护罩相对于习知光纤插塞尺寸较小,所以在本发明的此实施例减小该光纤插塞的整体尺寸。因为该光纤插塞有时限制该光纤插塞及相连光纤电缆所牵引穿过的一输送管或其它通道的尺寸,所以该实施例的光纤插塞较习知光纤插塞可有利地穿过较小的输送管或通道而牵引。
根据本发明实施例,提供一光纤插塞,它包括一具有一连接器外壳及一至少部分地设置在该连接器外壳内的插塞套圈的光纤连接器。该光纤插塞还包括一卷缩带。该卷缩带的第一部分适于可操作地啮合该光纤连接器,而且该卷缩带的第二部分适于啮合该光纤电缆。该实施例的光纤插塞还包括一形成一纵轴线的插塞壳体。根据该实施例,该卷缩带及该插塞壳体包括相互配合的个别啮合元件,以便机械式联结该卷缩带及该插塞壳体而且以防止它们间绕该纵轴线的相对转动。例如,该卷缩带通常具有一键。因此,该插塞壳体通常形成一沿纵向延伸的通道及一开口至该通道的键槽。该卷缩带因此至少可部分安置在该插塞壳体所形成的通道内,以致于该键啮合该键槽。在实施例中,该卷缩带形成的键以及该插塞壳体形成的键槽较佳地沿纵向延伸。因此,在阻止该卷缩带与该插塞壳体间的绕纵轴线相对转动的同时,允许该卷缩带与该插塞壳体间的纵向运动。藉由防止该卷缩带及该插塞壳体间的相对转动,该光纤电缆承受的任何扭矩就经由该卷缩带传递至该插塞壳体,而且传递至光纤插塞所连接的插座的插座外壳。因此,该光纤连接器及特别是该插塞套圈免受或隔绝任何该光纤电缆承受的扭矩,这是因为,在作用于光纤电缆上的扭矩下,通过弯曲带和插塞壳体的啮合元件而与该光纤连接器啮合的插塞壳体很少或者根本不发生移动。
在实施例中,该卷缩带在相对的第一端及第二端间沿纵向延伸,而且该卷缩带的第一部分及第二部分系分别接近该第一端及第二端。在该卷缩带包括一键的实施例中,该键可因此由该卷缩带的中间部分所载带,该中间部分位于该卷缩带的第一部分及第二部分间。或者,该卷缩带可包括一扩大部分,而且该扩大部分位于接近载带该键的卷缩带的第二部分处。不过,不论结构如何,该卷缩带的第一部分及第二部分是可压缩的,以便将该卷缩带分别固定在该光纤连接器及光纤电缆上。虽然压缩该第一端及第二端,但是该卷缩带的键部分仅稍微或根本不变形。
在一实施例中,该光纤连接器包括一附接至该连接器外壳的弹簧推动件。在该实施例中,该卷缩带的第一端啮合该弹簧推动件。更具体地说,该弹簧推动件可包括一卷缩壳体,其设计成由该卷缩带的第一部分所啮合。关于该光纤电缆与该卷缩带的啮合情形,该光纤电缆还包括一支撑管,所述支承管安置在该光纤电缆的电缆套内而且包围该诸光纤。该支撑管对准该卷缩带的第二部分,以致于该卷缩带的第二部分卷缩介于该卷缩带的第二部分及该支撑管间的电缆套。因此,该卷缩带牢固地啮合该光纤电缆及该光纤连接器两者。再者,该卷缩带及该插塞壳体的响应啮合元件可机械式联结该卷缩带及该插塞壳体,而且防止其间的相互转动,因此保护该光纤连接器以及该插塞套圈免受原本会施加在该光纤电缆的扭矩的不良影响。
根据另一实施例,该光纤插塞系包括一插塞壳体,所述插塞壳体沿纵向在相对的第一端及第二端间延伸而且形成一纵轴线。该光纤插塞还包括一具有一连接器外壳及一插塞套圈的光纤连接器,插塞套圈至少份安置在该连接器外壳内。该光纤连接器安置在该插塞壳体内,以致于该插塞套圈可经由该插塞壳体的第一端接近。该光纤插塞还包括一安装在该插塞壳体上的盖子,以致于至少覆盖其第一端。该盖子安装在该插塞壳体上,以致于当允许该盖子相对于该插塞壳体环绕该纵轴线转动的同时,限制该盖子沿纵向的移动。因此,该盖子适于相对该插塞壳体的其余部分旋转,而且仍然连接至该插塞壳体。该盖子因此可有效地用作为一牵引抓握件,以便将该光纤插塞及光纤插塞所连接的光纤电缆牵引穿过一通道。于此,该盖子可形成一可由一绳索、一电缆或类似物啮合的开口,以便于将该光纤插塞及光纤电缆通过该通道而牵引。该盖子不仅在将该光纤插塞及光纤电缆通过该通道而牵引时保护该光纤连接器,而且该盖子是相对较小,并且事实上不需要大于该插塞壳体。因此,该盖子不限制该光纤插塞及该光纤电缆系所穿过牵引的通道的尺寸。
该插塞壳体的主轴及设置在该主轴上的轴环设置成,即使允许该轴环绕该主轴所形成的纵轴线转动,也可限制该轴环沿纵向的移动。在一实施例中,该主轴系包括一具螺纹部分而且该轴环系包括一内部具螺纹部分。因此,藉由将轴环螺旋式推进到该主轴上来将轴环安装在该主轴。该插塞壳体还包括接近该插塞壳体的第一端而且邻近该主轴的一护罩。该护罩大于该主轴,以致于该轴环的移动在一端受主轴的具螺纹部分、另一端受护罩的限制。该盖子适于附接至该轴环,以与之以前移动。一旦移除该盖子,例如在穿过一通道牵引该光纤电缆后而且准备将光纤插塞配合一相对应插座,该轴环适于啮合该光纤插座。
附图简述
因此已以概括的语言描述了本发明,现在请参见附图。诸附图无需按照规定的比例绘制,且在诸附图中:
第一图是本发明实施例的一装配好的光纤电缆的立体图;
第二图是第一图的光纤插塞的元件的分解图,根据本发明的一实施例,它包括一光纤连接器、一卷缩带、一卷缩带支撑座、一缓冲管、一索环及一光纤电缆;
第3图是沿着线3-3取出第一图的光纤插塞的剖面图;
第4图是第一图的光纤插塞的立体图,其中示出在该插塞壳体沿着该光纤电缆及在该光纤连接器之上向前滑动之前的情况;
第5图是沿着线5-5取出第一图的光纤插塞的插塞壳体的剖面图;
第6图是第二图的光纤插塞的分解图,根据本发明的一实施例,它包括该光纤电缆、内部支撑管、卷缩带支撑座、加强件及暴露的光纤;
第7图是本发明另一实施例的卷缩带的立体图;
第8图是描述本发明实施例的一光纤插塞与一插座相配合的立体图;
第9图是可配合本发明的光纤插塞的一光纤插座的分解图;
第一0图是本发明实施例的光纤插塞的立体图,其中该盖子尚未安装在光纤插塞的其余部分上;
第一1图是第9图的光纤插塞的立体图,所示为该盖子安装在该光纤插塞的其余部分后的情况;以及
第一2图是数个正在与光纤插座配合和已配合的数个光纤插塞的立体图。
具体实施方式
现将参考下列附图更详细地说明本发明,在诸附图中示出了本发明的较佳实施例。然而,本发明可以不同形式实施,且应该不局限于这里所阐述的实施例;而是,提供这些实施例以致于详细说明将变得彻底和完整,并将将该本发明范围完全地告知至熟悉本技术领域的人们。相同标号标示相同元件。
参阅图1,描述本发明实施例的光纤插塞10。该光纤插塞系安装在一光纤电缆12的末端部分,而且用于配合相对应的光纤插座。习知上,该插座提供进入一外壳及类似物的设施,以使从光纤电缆延伸的光纤(未显示)可对准或以光学互连该外壳或类似物内的光纤。尽管光纤插塞可设计为配合不同的光纤插座,但有利的是,光纤插塞设计为配合美国专利第____号(,发明名称为“Fiber Optic Receptacle”,文件编号为HE0162)中所描述的光纤插座。该申请案与本申请案同时申请且具有相同受让人,其揭示的内容完全援引于此,以供参考。
如图2至图4所示,该光纤插塞10包括一插塞壳体14及一光纤连接器16,而且该光纤连接器16安装在该光纤电缆12的末端并设置于该插塞壳体内。该光纤连接器包括一连接器外壳18及至少部分安置在该连接器外壳内的一插塞套圈20。于此,该连接器外壳通常沿纵向在前端及后端22、24间延伸,而且形成在相对的前端及后端间延伸的一内部通道。该插塞套圈因此可安装在该连接器外壳内,以使该插塞套圈的前端面26稍稍延伸超过该连接器外壳的前端。为限制该插塞套圈超过该连接器外壳的前端的程度,该连接器外壳通常形成一内部肩部以啮合该插塞套圈的相对应肩部30。然而,应该明了,该连接器外壳可啮合该插塞套圈,并以其它的方式来限制该套圈延伸超过该连接器外壳的前端的程度。
除该连接器外壳18及该插塞套圈20外,该光纤连接器16通常还包括依照该光纤连接器类型而定的其它元件。虽然该光纤插塞可包括不同的光纤连接器,包括MTRJ连接器、SC-DC连接器、UnicamTM连接器、SC连接器、LC连接器及类似的连接器,但所示实施例的光纤插塞10所示为包括MTP连接器,这是作为范例而不是用于局限。这样,该MTP连接器此后将更详细描述。该MTP连接器包括一连接器外壳及一多光纤插塞套圈。该连接器外壳的横截面大体具有矩形形状,而且该插塞套圈的横截面也大体具有矩形形状。如图所示,该MTP连接器的连接器外壳可能包括一接近该后端22的较大部分以及一接近该后端24的较小部分。因此,该MTP连接器外壳形成一介于该外壳的较大部分及较小部分间的内部肩部(未显示)。如图2所示,该MTP插塞套圈还包括一接近该插塞套圈的后端34扩大部分32一由该扩大部分延伸至该插塞套圈的该前端面26的一主轴部分36。因此,该MTP插塞套圈也形成一介于该扩大部分及该主轴部分间的肩部30。因此,该连接器外壳的内部肩部及该MTP插塞套圈的肩部可共同工作以限制该MTP插塞套圈延伸超过该连接器外壳前端的程度。该MTP插塞套圈还包括一视窗28。
该MTP连接器16也可包括一弹簧推动件38,它在前端及后端40、42间沿纵向延伸。与该连接器外壳18一样,该弹簧推动件系形成一内部通道,该内部通道在该前端及后端间沿纵向延伸,且光纤延伸它。该弹簧推动件的前端适于插入该连接器外壳内并与之啮合。例如,该弹簧推动件的前端可包括一对突片44,这对突片横向向外延伸以啮合该连接器外壳所形成并通向其内部通道的相对应凹槽。该MTP连接器外壳可具有一设置于该弹簧推动件的前端及该插塞套圈20的后端34间的一弹簧46,用于在该连接器外壳内向前偏置该插塞套圈,以致于将该插塞套圈的前端面26稍微向外压紧超出该连接器外壳的前端。
如上所述及描述于图3至5所示,该光纤插塞10也包括一插塞壳体14,该本体在相对的第一端及第二端间48、50间沿纵向延伸。当该光纤连接器16放置在显示于图1和3的插塞壳体内时,该插塞套圈20的前端面26可通过该插塞壳体的第一端接近。因此,该插塞壳体用于保护该光纤连接器,同时仍然允许经由该插塞套圈的前端面接近插塞套圈安装于其上的光纤。如熟悉本技术领域的人们会理解的,该插塞壳体设计为用于啮合一光纤插座,以便对准及以光学互连该插塞套圈的光纤及一插座套圈的光纤。
该插塞壳体14通常包括一主轴52、54。该主轴沿纵向延伸而且形成一内部通道,该光纤连接器16安置在该通道内。在实施例中,该主轴包括一接近该插塞壳体的第二端50的截头圆锥形部分52以及一形成该插塞壳体的中间部分的圆筒形部分54。如图所示,该截头圆锥形部分通常沿着由该插塞壳体的第二端延伸至该圆筒形部分的方向而增加直径,以致于该截头圆锥形部分平缓过渡至该圆筒形部分。该插塞壳体还包括一接近该插塞壳体的第一端48的护罩56。如图1至4所示,例如该护罩由该主轴的圆筒形部分延伸至第一端。该护罩大体为圆筒形,而且在实施例中,具有比该主轴的圆筒形部分大的一直径。尽管上文所描述的该主轴根据实施例具有第一端及第二端,但应该明了该插塞壳体的主轴可能具有其他的结构,例如一均匀地沿长度延伸的圆筒形主轴或者一圆筒形的沿长度延伸、且从该插塞壳体的第二端至该插塞壳体的第一端均匀地成锥度的主轴。
一旦如下所述地装配好,该光纤连接器16较佳地是安置在该插塞壳体14内,以致于该插塞壳体保护该光纤连接器。然而,该连接器外壳18的前端24及该插塞套圈20的前端面26是暴露的且可经由该插塞壳体的第一端48接近。然而,该插塞壳体的第一端较佳地稍微延伸超过该插塞套圈的前端面,以便在处理、安装或类似动作期间保护该插塞套圈的前端面免受损坏。
为允许该连接器外壳18的前端24及该插塞套圈20的前端面26附加的接近方式以进行清洁及类似工作,该护罩56较佳地形成至少一个开口、更通常是在该护罩的相对侧边上形成一对开口58。这些开口沿纵向从该护罩的至少一中间部分延伸至该插塞壳体14的第一端48。因为该护罩通常为圆筒形,该有利实施例的护罩包括一对由该开口分隔的弧形护罩部分60。在组装好该光纤插塞10后,由护罩形成的该对开口通常相互对准,且相对于该插塞套圈20对准。在一普通的实施例中,在该插塞套圈形成数个在参考平面中沿纵向延伸的孔,由护罩所形成的该组开口较佳地以该参考平面为中心。虽然该开口具有不同尺寸,诸开口较佳地具有一比该连接器外壳18的高度宽的宽度,更具体地说,稍微大于光纤插塞所插入的插座的一接合套筒的高度。然而,该开口也形成一小于90°的内部角度。
因此,开口58提供接近该连接器外壳18的前端24及该插塞套圈20的前端面26的附加措施,以用于清洗及类似的工作。再者,在运送及储存期间,通常在该连接器的前端安装一防尘盖61。因此,该开口也例如在取下该防尘盖的过程中使得便于接近该防尘盖。相较之下,该弧形护罩部分60在处理、安装、准备附接至该插座或类似工作中保护该光纤连接器16以防止损坏。由此看来,包括该弧形护罩部分和开口的该插塞壳体14设计成在该光纤插塞10与该光纤插座的配合过程中,该插塞套圈的前端面决不会接触到该光纤插座的任何不要接触的部分。再者,尽管所述实施例包括开口,但另一实施例(,未显示)可包括一没有开口的护罩。
在安装期间,该插塞壳体14在该光纤电缆12上滑动。该光纤连接器16随后安装在光纤电缆的末端部分上,如图2-4所示。应该了解该光纤连接器以不同方式安装在该光纤电缆的末端部分上。然而,一有利实施例的光纤插塞10包括一用于连接该光纤连接器至该光纤电缆的卷缩带62。根据本有利的实施例,先准备光纤电缆。参阅图2、3及6,去除该光纤电缆的接近该光纤电缆的末端处的保护套64,以暴露该加强件66及数根光纤130。随后,切断该加强件,以至于该加强件延伸超过该保护套,同时该光纤延伸超过该加强件。尽管该光纤插塞系安装在不同类型的光纤电缆上,但下面将描述一具有一中间缓冲管70及一卷缩带支撑管76的光纤电缆,这是用于说明的,而非局限本发明。在此情形中,该光纤系安置在一缓冲管中,该缓冲管在光纤电缆准备期间也在该保护套及该加强件的末端间的一位置被切断。
一旦适当地准备好光纤电缆,该卷缩带62、弹簧推动件38及弹簧46被滑动到该光纤电缆12上。该插塞套圈20随后被安装在该光纤130的末端部分上,以至于该光纤延伸通过由该插塞套圈形成的相应孔。该光纤随后例如借助于粘合剂来固定在孔内。在磨光该插塞套圈的前端面26及该光纤的端面后,将该插塞套圈插入该连接器外壳18。随后将该弹簧推动件及弹簧系推进至该连接器外壳的后端22中,以至于该弹簧推动件的突片44啮合由该连接器外壳形成的相应凹槽,从而联结该弹簧推动件与连接器外壳。因此该弹簧安置在该弹簧推动件与该插塞套圈的后端34间,以至于将该插塞套圈向前偏压并穿过该连接器外壳的前端24暴露该插塞套圈的前端面。在另一实施例中,可以在该插塞套圈系插入该连接器外壳之后再磨光该光纤的前端面。
凸伸超过该光纤电缆12的保护套64的加强件66随后在该弹簧推动件38的后端42上呈喇叭状。接着将该卷缩带62滑动到该弹簧推动件的后端上,以致于该加强件安置在该卷缩带62及该弹簧推动件的后端间。以此方式,该卷缩带通常是沿纵向在第一端及第二端72、74间延伸的管状元件。因此,该卷缩带定位成该卷缩带的第一端系包围该弹簧推动件的后端,且加强件位于其间。随后,可压缩该卷缩带的第一端,以将加强件牢固地啮合及固定在该卷缩带的第一端及该弹簧推动件的后端间。这样,该卷缩带较佳地由一诸如退火黄铜之类的、可压缩且压缩后可保持其压缩形状的材料制成。为了在压缩该卷缩带时提供适当支撑,该弹簧推动件较佳地由较为坚硬材料制成,例如硬质塑料。因此,该弹簧推动件的后端有效地作为一卷缩壳体。尽管所述实施例包括一大体呈圆筒形的卷缩带及一大体呈矩形的弹簧推动件,但这些元件的形状视使用的连接器而定,而且因此这些元件的形状可为包括圆筒形、椭圆形、矩形、正方形及三角形等等的不同形状。
根据本发明,该卷缩带62可在一个部位处啮合该光纤电缆12,例如在该卷缩带的第一端72及该弹簧推动件38的后端42间啮合加强件66。另一方面,该卷缩带可在两点啮合该光纤电缆,而且该两点沿纵向相互间隔。除该啮合情形外,一第二端74也可环绕该光纤电缆的保护套64而且用于卷曲,以便啮合该光纤电缆的保护套。进一步,该卷缩带可啮合该光纤电缆。
为了使该卷缩带62的第二端74牢固地啮合该保护套64,该光纤插塞10可还包括一卷缩带支撑管76,它较佳地环绕一内部支撑管68。该卷缩带支撑管通常系由钢或其它坚硬材料制成,在将该插塞套圈20安装于该光纤的末端部分之前滑动到光纤130上。具体地说,该支撑管较佳的是滑动入该光纤电缆12的末端部分,以致该支撑管安置在该光纤与加强件66间,更具体地说,是介于该缓冲管70与加强件间。设置该支撑元件,以致于该支撑管系安装在该光纤电缆的加强件间缓冲管间、与该卷缩带的第二部分对准的一位置上。因此,该支撑管用来在该卷缩带的第二部分受到围绕其的压缩时提供一用于该光纤电缆的加强件及保护套的刚性支撑。再者,为了在该电缆的温度循环期间限制该缓冲管的轴向及向前移动,该支撑管系包括一阶梯状肩部。
为保护该光纤130避免水及其它环境因素影响,该光纤插塞10还可包括一索环78,通常由硅制成。在将该插塞套圈20安装在该光纤的末端位置上之前,也将该索环滑动到该光纤电缆12及该卷缩带62上。一旦将该卷缩带适当地连接至该光纤电缆及弹簧推动件38,就可沿着光纤电缆向前滑动索环,直到该索环邻靠该卷缩带的第二端74。因为该索环围绕光纤电缆的保护套64紧密地配合,所以该索环有效地相对环境密封该包括该光纤的光纤连接器,以防止受到环境的影响。
为完成该光纤10的装配,该插塞壳体14从图4中所示的位置沿着该光纤电缆12向前滑动,直到该光纤连接器16置于插塞壳体的内部通道内,如图1和3所示。为便于将该光纤连接器安置在该插塞壳体内,该插塞壳体较佳地形成一内部肩部80,该肩部80或者接触该卷缩带62的第二端74,或者在其它的实施例中,接触该索环78。较佳地,决定该光纤连接器的尺寸以及将该内部肩部在插塞壳体内形成成,整个该光纤连接器安置在插塞壳体内而且该插塞套圈20的前端面26通过该插塞壳体的第一端暴露。然而,该插塞壳体的第一端较佳地是稍微延伸超过该插塞套圈的前端面。
有利的是,本发明的光纤插塞10设计成,一旦该光纤插塞已经装配好,该插塞壳体14就不会相对于该光纤连接器16环绕该纵轴线转动。以此观之,该插塞壳体及该卷缩带16可包括相应的啮合元件,它们相互配合以机械式联结该卷缩带与插塞壳体,并防止它们间绕该纵轴线的相对转动。在所示实施例中,例如,该卷缩带系包括一键82,例如一纵向延伸肋。见图2及图4。因此,该插塞壳体形成一沿纵向延伸的通道84及一通向该通道的键槽,该键槽的尺寸构造成可接受该卷缩带所带的键,如图5中的剖面所示。在装配的过程期间,该插塞壳体因而可在光纤连接器上以这样的一个方位滑动前进,即该卷缩带所带的键插入穿过该键槽并进入该插塞壳体形成的通道。一旦该键啮合在该通道内,尽管阻止了该插塞壳体及该光纤连接器相对彼此绕该纵轴线转动,但该插塞壳体及光纤连接器仍可沿着一纵向相对彼此移动。
如图2至4所示,所示实施例的卷缩带62包括一接近该第二端74的扩大部分86,它带有该键82。然而,如有需要,该键可由该卷缩带的其他部分来载带。例如,该卷缩带的中间部分可载带该键,如图7所示。此外,应该了解,该插塞壳体可包括该键,而该卷缩带可包括沿纵向延伸的通道。再者,如果需要,该卷缩带及该插塞壳体可包括具有其它形状的键和通道、以及其它类型的啮合元件,以便防止卷缩带与插塞壳体间绕纵轴线的相对转动。
在该插塞壳体14以机械式联结至该卷缩带62以及该卷缩带连接至该光纤电缆12后,该光纤插塞10有利地保护该光纤130避受施加于该光纤电缆的扭矩所造成的破坏效果。以此观之,由施加在该光纤电缆上的扭矩产生的力沿着该光纤电缆传递,并经由该卷缩带的第二端65与该光纤电缆间的连接而传送至该卷缩带。由扭矩产生的力接着将经由相应的啮合元件由该卷缩带传递至该插塞壳体,所述相应的啮合元件例如为该卷缩带所载带的键82及该插塞壳体形成的相对应通道84。该插塞壳体接着将所施加扭矩产生的力传递至与该光纤插塞相配合的该插座。因为该插座通常固定地安装在一外壳内或类似物,所以有效地保护该光纤并使之隔离于由施加在该光纤电缆上的扭矩所产生的力的不良影响。例如,经由该光纤传送的信号应该不因为光纤电缆所受到的扭矩而减弱。尽管本发明的光纤插塞可安装在各种不同光纤电缆中的任一种上,但该光纤插塞可有利地是安装在会将大部分扭矩所产生的力传递至该光纤连接器16的一些较坚硬的光纤电缆上,例如用于户外应用的电缆样的电缆。
一旦该光纤插塞10装配好,该光纤插塞可配合一相对应的插座85,如图8和图12所示。以此观之,该插塞壳体14的第一端48插入一插座,以致于该插塞套圈20的前端面26接受在该插座的接合套筒87内。如描述于同时提出的专利申请案(发明名称为“Fiber Optic Receptacle”)中的,该护罩56系可能包括一对准元件,例如一沿纵向延伸的沟槽88,用于啮合该插座的相对应对准元件(例如一插销),以确定该插塞套圈及接合套筒对准。如于名称为“FiberOptic Rceptalce”的共专利申请案中也描述、且示于图8及图9的,该插座通常包括一插座外壳89,它形成一内部空腔,其开口穿过相对的前端及后端,而且该接合套筒安置在其中。该接合套筒用来对准该光纤插塞的插塞套圈与一插座套圈,其中该套圈安装在延伸过该外壳或类似物的光纤的末端上,因此对准该光纤插塞及光纤插座的对应光纤。该光纤插座也可包括一接合器固定装置91,它可螺旋地连接至该光纤插座外壳,用于固定该接合套筒及诸如一对弹簧93之类的偏压元件,用于将该接合套筒压向该插座的第一端。再者,该插座可包括例如O形环95之类的一内部密封件,用于保护该插座外壳的空腔防止水及该环境恶化的来源的影响。应该了解,尽管示于图8、9及12中所示的插座是有利的,但如果需要的话,该光纤插塞可配合多种其它插座。
为将该光纤插塞10牢固地连接至该光纤插座85,该插塞壳体14可还包括一轴环90,它安置在该主轴上且用于可螺旋啮合该光纤插座。由此观之,该轴环系较佳的是安置在该主轴上,且该轴环沿纵向的移动是受到限制的,但允许该轴环相对于该主轴环绕该纵轴线自由转动。在一有利的实施例中,该主轴包括一外部具螺纹部分92,它与该护罩稍稍间隔开。该轴环还具有内部螺纹(未显示),以致于该轴环必须螺旋地前进至该主轴上以及在该主轴的外部具螺纹部分之上,以便将该轴环安装在该主轴上。根据本实施例,一旦该轴环已经可螺旋地前进超越该主轴的外部具螺纹部分,该轴环就可相关于该主轴沿纵向自由滑动。但是,轴环相对于该主轴的向前运动是受到护罩56的限制的。以此观之,该护罩通常稍微大于该主轴,以致于该主轴与护罩间形成一肩部。因为该护罩较佳的是也大于该轴环,所以当该轴环接触到形成于该护罩与主轴间的肩部时,限制该轴环相对该主轴的向前运动。
现在参阅图12,图中示出多个光纤插塞10正在与多个光纤插座85配合或已配合好,诸光纤插座85固定于一外壳120,以致于从该插塞套圈20的前端面26延伸的光纤(未显示)可对准并光学连接该外壳内的光纤(未显示)。
如第一0图所显示者,该轴环90也通常包括一外部具螺纹部分96,以用于啮合该光纤插座85的一内部具螺纹部分97,以便将光纤插塞10固定至该光纤插座。为便于抓握该轴环以便相对该主轴转动该轴环,该轴环可还包括一有凸纹的、开槽的、带肋的或类似地构造的部分98。
因此,为将该光纤插塞10配合该光纤插座85,如图8及12所示,将该光纤插塞插入相对应的插座,以致于该光纤插塞的插塞套圈20的前端面26如前所述地插入至该光纤插座的接合套筒。为将该光纤插塞的插塞套圈插入至该接合套筒,该护罩56也插入该光纤插座。为保护该光纤插座的内部受到水及其它环境因素的影响,该护罩可包括诸如一O形环的一密封件95,该密封件安置在一圆周沟槽以与该插座形成密封。随后相对于该插塞壳体14的主轴转动该轴环90,以致于该轴环的外部具螺纹部分96啮合该光纤插座的内部具螺纹部分97,从而连接该光纤插塞及该插座。因此,由施加在该光纤电缆12上的扭矩或轴向张力所产生、且沿着光纤电缆传递至该卷缩带62以及该插塞壳体的任何力,接着传递至该光纤插塞,以进一步使该光纤130免受这些力量的负面影响。
根据一有利的实施例,设定该护罩56的尺寸,以致于该插塞套圈20所插入的接合套筒87部分安置在该护罩所形成的开口58内。以此观之,一旦该光纤插塞10已经配合该相对应的光纤插座85,该接合套筒的侧向部分较佳的是安置在由该护罩形成的开口内。因为习知设计要求该护罩完全环绕该插塞套圈,而且然后完全环绕该接合套筒,所以本发明的护罩相对这些习知技术具有较小的尺寸。因为具有该护罩的插塞壳体14的尺寸通常是对其上安装了插塞壳体的该光纤电缆12可牵引穿过的通道的尺寸的一限制因素,所以既然该护罩相对于习知设计具有较小尺寸,本发明的插塞壳体就可牵引穿过较小通道。
为进一步协助其上安装了插塞壳体10的该光纤电缆12在通道内的安装,该光纤插塞还可包括一安装在该插塞壳体14上的盖子100,在安装期间它覆盖至少该插塞壳体的第一端48,如图10及11所示。该盖子通常是圆筒形本体,而且具有一封闭端,例如圆角端或圆球端。该盖子形成一中空内部以便安装在该插塞壳体的第一端之上,而且被该轴环90啮合。以此观之,该盖子形成一内部具螺纹部分,该部分啮合该轴环的外部具螺纹部分96。一旦该盖子连接至该轴环,尽管该盖子相对该插塞壳体可环绕该纵轴线自由转动或旋转,但是其沿纵向的移动是受到限制的。该盖子通常由例如不锈钢之类的金属制成,或者其它刚性材料制成,以保护该连接器外壳18的前端24及该插塞套圈20的前端面26,后者在该光纤电缆的安装期间也可由防尘盖61所封盖(如图10所示)、或者经由该插塞壳体的第一端而暴露。藉由允许该盖子相对该光纤插塞转动或旋转,一绳索、电缆或相似物可连接至该盖子,更具体地说是连接至该盖子所形成的开口102,以穿过一通道牵引其上安装了光纤插塞的该光纤电缆。即使该通道可能会扭曲及扭转,在光纤插塞以及光纤插塞安装于其上的光纤被牵引穿过通道时,也能允许该盖子相对该光纤插塞、因而相对光纤电缆而转动或旋转。因此,该光纤插塞及光纤电缆将与该扭动及其产生的力相隔离。结果,该光纤130在安装期间就将免受致使盖子转动的力的影响。藉由直接连接至该插塞壳体的轴环,该盖子允许该光纤电缆旋转或转动,而且相较于习知牵引抓握件具有较少零件。
一旦该光纤电缆12已经通过该通道牵引而且该光纤插塞10准备好用于配合该光纤插座85,就移除该盖子100,并如上所述地配合该光纤插塞及该光纤插座。因此,该轴环90可选择地用来螺旋式连接该盖子及该插座两者。
在前面描述和相关附图中所阐述的内容的帮助下,熟悉本发明所涉及的技术领域的人们将会想到本发明的许多修改变型及其它实施例。因此,应该明了,本发明不局限于已揭示的特定实施例,而且修改变型与其他实施例包括在所附申请专利范围的范畴内。虽然这里使用了一些特定的名词,但是这些名词仅以一般及描述的意义而使用,并非用来加以限制。
Claims (14)
1.一种光纤插塞,它包括:
一光纤连接器,它包括一连接器外壳及一插塞套圈,所述插塞套圈至少部分地安置在连接器外壳内而且可被安装在至少一根光纤的末端部分上;以及
一插塞壳体,它沿纵向在一第一端及一第二端间延伸,该第一端相对于该第二端,而且所述插塞壳体具有一接近第一端的护罩,护罩在其相对侧上形成一对开口,该对开口由该护罩的至少一中间部分沿纵向延伸至该插塞壳体的第一端,
其中该光纤连接器安置在该插塞壳体内,以致于插塞套圈在护罩内可经由插塞壳体的第一端接近,
其中,该沿纵向延伸的插塞壳体形成一纵轴线,而且该插塞壳体还包括:
一设有外螺纹的主轴,它接近该护罩;以及
一设有内螺纹的轴环,该设有内螺纹的轴环安置在设有外螺纹主轴上,以致于在允许该轴环相对主轴绕所述纵轴线转动的同时,由护罩的一肩部限制轴环沿纵向的移动。
2.如权利要求1所述的光纤插塞,其特征在于,该护罩形成的一对开口相互对准。
3.如权利要求2所述的光纤插塞,其特征在于,光纤连接器相对插塞壳体安装在一固定位置并可绕所述纵轴线相对其转动,以致于该护罩形成的开口对准该插塞套圈。
4.如权利要求3所述的光纤插塞,其特征在于,该插塞套圈形成数个在一参考平面沿纵向延伸的孔,而且其中该护罩的所形成的开口以该参考平面为中心。
5.如权利要求3所述的光纤插塞,其特征在于,该插塞套圈形成数个在一参考平面沿纵向延伸的孔,而且其中该护罩所形成的开口被该参考平面平分。
6.如权利要求1所述的光纤插塞,其特征在于,该护罩是圆筒形,而且其中该护罩的第一端包括由所述开口分隔的一对弧形护罩部分。
7.如权利要求1所述的光纤插塞,其特征在于,该护罩的第一端突出超过该插塞套圈。
8.如权利要求1所述的光纤插塞,进一步包括:
一盖子,其中该盖子可安装在该插塞壳体上以覆盖至少其第一端,该盖子安装在该插塞壳体上,以致于在允许该盖子相对该插塞壳体绕纵轴线转动的同时,限制该盖子沿纵向的移动。
9.如权利要求1所述的光纤插塞,进一步包括:
一卷缩带,用于将该光纤连接器连接至该光纤电缆,该卷缩带构造成使该插塞壳体相对于该光纤电缆的外部护套的相对轴向运动降至最少。
10.一种光纤插塞,它包括:
一光纤连接器,它包括一连接器外壳及一插塞套圈,所述插塞套圈至少部分地安置在连接器外壳内而且可安装在至少一根光纤的末端部分上;以及
一插塞壳体,它沿纵向在一第一端及一第二端间延伸而且具有一接近该第一端的护罩,其中该第一端相对于第二端,
其中该光纤连接器安置在该插塞壳体内,以致于该插塞套圈在护罩内可经由该插塞壳体的第一端接近,
其中,该沿纵向延伸的插塞壳体形成一纵轴线,而且该插塞壳体还包括:
一设有外螺纹的主轴,它接近该护罩;以及
一设有内螺纹的轴环,该设有内螺纹的轴环安置在设有外螺纹主轴上,以致于在允许该轴环相对主轴绕所述纵轴线转动的同时,由护罩的一肩部限制轴环沿纵向的移动。
11.一种光纤插塞及插座组件,它包括:
一光纤插塞,它包括:
一插塞壳体,具有一接近其一端的护罩,该护罩形成至少一开口;以及
一光纤连接器,它安置在该插塞壳体内,而且包括一连接器外壳及一插塞套圈,所述插塞套圈至少部分地安置在该连接器外壳内,
其中沿纵向延伸的插塞壳体形成一纵轴线,而且其中该插塞壳体还包括:
一设有外螺纹的主轴,它接近该护罩;和
一设有内螺纹的轴环,它用于啮合光纤插座,该设有内螺纹的轴环安置在设有外螺纹主轴上,以致于在允许该轴环相对该主轴绕
纵轴线转动的同时,由护罩的一肩部限制轴环沿纵向的移动;以及一光纤插座,用于配合该光纤插塞,该光纤插座包括:
一插座外壳,它形成一通过其相对末端开口的内部空腔;以及
一接合套筒,它安置在该插座外壳所形成的内部空腔内,该接合套筒形成一沿纵向延伸的通道,用于接受光纤插塞的插塞套圈的一部分,
其中,护罩及接合套筒的尺寸构造成,一旦光纤插塞的插塞套圈系插入接合套筒,接合套筒的那个部分就安置在该护罩所形成的至少一个开口内。
12.如权利要求11所述的光纤插塞及插座组件,其特征在于,一光纤电缆系从插塞壳体通过一卷缩带连接至光纤插座,以致于施加在该光纤电缆上的张力因而被该光纤连接器转移走。
13.如权利要求11所述的光纤插塞及插座组件,其特征在于,插塞壳体沿纵向在一第一端及一第二端间延伸,第一端相对于第二端,而且护罩所形成的开口沿纵向从该护罩的一中间部分延伸至该插塞壳体的第一端。
14.如权利要求11所述的光纤插塞及插座组件,其特征在于,由护罩形成的开口是一对相互对准的开口。
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- 2002-09-27 KR KR1020117001403A patent/KR20110010838A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
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- 2002-09-27 ES ES14163384.2T patent/ES2494796T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-09-27 EP EP07001238.0A patent/EP1775610B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 2002-09-27 EP EP15181352.4A patent/EP2983025A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-09-27 CN CNB02819067XA patent/CN1310052C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 2002-09-27 AT AT02795494T patent/ATE356364T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-09-27 MX MXPA04002505A patent/MXPA04002505A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2002-09-27 AU AU2002360250A patent/AU2002360250A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-09-27 ES ES07001238.0T patent/ES2532458T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-09-27 EP EP14163384.2A patent/EP2762935B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-09-27 KR KR1020117003221A patent/KR20110022733A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-09-27 WO PCT/US2002/030719 patent/WO2003050579A2/en active Application Filing
- 2002-09-27 JP JP2003551578A patent/JP4317756B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-09-27 ES ES02795494T patent/ES2283635T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-09-27 CA CA002461022A patent/CA2461022C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-09-27 EP EP02795494A patent/EP1430339B8/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-09-27 KR KR1020047003627A patent/KR101083472B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2002-09-27 PT PT100104850T patent/PT2293128T/pt unknown
- 2002-09-27 PT PT141661439T patent/PT2772778E/pt unknown
- 2002-09-27 KR KR1020097023883A patent/KR20090122499A/ko active Application Filing
- 2002-09-27 EP EP14166143.9A patent/EP2772778B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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2003
- 2003-09-10 US US10/659,666 patent/US6899467B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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2008
- 2008-11-19 JP JP2008295931A patent/JP4292238B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2015
- 2015-02-05 HK HK15101268.6A patent/HK1200917A1/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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