CN1303878C - Haloragidaceae Myriophyllum spicatum engineered seedling uninodal breeding method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of a biological technique. A plant is successfully germinated in a single section mode and grown into robust engineering seedlings under a natural condition through the characteristic that ear flower watermifoil has strong germination capability under the precondition that the plant is processed with no need of hormones and chemical drugs. The technique has the advantages of low cost, simplicity, easy learning, strong operability and high germination rate, and can satisfy the urgent requirement that the plant is used as a tool species in lake ecological remediation engineering at present, as a place for baits and spawning in the process of the cultivation of fishes, prawns and crabs in a pond and as a scenery material in the process of the cultivation of indoor ornamental aquatic animals.

Description

Haloragidaceae Myriophyllum spicatum engineered seedling uninodal breeding method and application thereof

One, technical field

The invention belongs to environmental protection technical field, relate to a kind of method of quick production Haloragidaceae Myriophyllum spicatum high grade project seedling.

Two, background technology

Haloragidaceae Myriophyllum spicatum (Myriophyllum spicatum Linn.) is a kind of perennial aquatic herbaceous plant of Haloragaceae fox-brush Trentepohlia, is distributed widely in lake, river, reservoir, irrigation canals and ditches or the paddy field.This plant has higher tolerance to water pollution, is often used as water purification instrument kind and revegetation pioneer in eutrophication water restoration of the ecosystem engineering.This plant is also extensively planted in fish, shrimp and the crab pool, is made for bait and necessary taking refuge and the spawning place is provided.In addition, in indoor appreciation aquiculture process, this plant also be use always make the scape material.

In the market the Haloragidaceae Myriophyllum spicatum seedling is in great demand.But about the research of Haloragidaceae Myriophyllum spicatum all concentrates on distribution, resistance to soiling and the purifying water effect of its Natural Population and the application in fish shrimp crab cultivation etc.Owing to the generally deterioration of hydrophytic habitat, the distribution of this plant is constantly dwindled at present, the extraneous supply source of provenance dwindles, and a large amount of field acquisition must destroy its primary habitat.Secondly, this plant is K-countermeasure biology, and open-air the distribution disperseed, do not concentrated, and a large amount of plant provenance of field acquisition also is difficult to realize.Once more, the biological property that utilizes this plant to have strong fertility is created and is fit to the condition of sprouting but need not hormone and chemicals is handled, and makes a joint sprout sprouting and grow up to a complete plant, this method cost is low, technology is easy to learn and be not subjected to the restriction in place, easily promotes.

In the experimental study of water plant, adopting the branch point of this plant top 10-15cm, to sprout into new plant more commonly used, adopts single-unit to carry out the report of Haloragidaceae Myriophyllum spicatum fast-propagation but have no so far both at home and abroad.

Three, summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is: utilize the biological property of plant to make the single-unit germination and growth become whole plant, obtain a large amount of Haloragidaceae Myriophyllum spicatum engineering seedlings, to satisfy the needs of China's freshwater lake, reservoir revegetation or reconstruction, open-air fish shrimp crab aquaculture and indoor appreciation Shui nationality setting.

Technical scheme of the present invention is:

1. choose stipes

Gather the Haloragidaceae Myriophyllum spicatum plant from open-air natural habitat, in running water, clean up, choose the branch section apart from the sharp 5-30cm of branch, on the basis that keeps intact leaf, cut according to single-unit, the upper end of every nodal bud keeps the long 0.5-1.0cm of stem, and the lower end keeps 1.5-2.0cm, steeps in running water for subsequent use.

2. matrix configuration

Consider that water plant is subject to the impact of bacterium and algae when sprouting in natural environment, the relatively cleaning that therefore keeps water body environment is the key point that improves germination rate.The plant single-unit is the nutriment that relies on self to store when sprouting, but quantity delivered is relatively limited, also must rely on the photosynthate of residual blade jointly to produce sprouting, is necessary condition so clean environment and suitable illumination are supplied with.Simultaneously, there is the needed hormone of plant germination in lake mud, half congealed mud or the horticultural earth, stimulus such as organic acid and nutriment.Therefore, the appropriate to the occasion upper strata at lake mud, half congealed mud or horticultural earth of operation repaves the clean river sand of pad 1.5-2.0cm.This mode of operation can guarantee the cleaning of water body environment, can guarantee again the Enough supply of the stimulating factor of plant germination.

3. cultivate

Standby stipes is inserted in the matrix gently, add water, changed once or adopted cycle water later on every 1-2 days, keep the clean relatively of water body environment; Simultaneously, observe lake mud, half congealed mud or the horticultural earth of bottom and whether swarm the top layer, if having, timely river sand with cleaning repaves and covers a thin sheet of; Cultivate after 7-8 days, most of sprouting can reach 1-2cm, and most of bud has new root simultaneously.

4. strong sprout

(1) connect matrix band seedling and be transplanted to together in glass jar or the aquarium, supply with sufficient illumination, plant can grow into the plant of 5-10cm after 5-8 days; Or (2) be transplanted to sprouting in nutritious lake mud, half congealed mud or the horticultural earth, supplies with simultaneously sufficient nature or artificial lighting, notes keeping simultaneously the cleaning of water body, until growth of seedling becomes the above plant of 30cm.

5. the application of engineering seedling

The long 6cm of stem by above-mentioned steps 4-(1) cultivation back results is above, the healthy watermifoil seedling of well developed root system, directly applies to indoor appreciation Shui nationality setting.Can be according to the needs of setting, directly transplanting is in the aquarium bed-sit.Plant height 30cm by above-mentioned steps 4-(2) cultivation back acquisition is above, the healthy watermifoil plant of well developed root system, is applied in the breed and large-size lake water ecology recovery project on the fish shrimp crab pool.Concrete operation method is for taking healthy watermifoil plant from big glass jar, note keeping its root system complete, after adopting dark and moisturizing mode to transport rapidly target ground to, according to fishes and shrimps juvenile crab injected volume or water eutrophication and vegetation degeneration degree decision watermifoil plantation density, and according to actual needs, adopt individual plant or clump strain to transplant, and single species is transplanted or is mixed transplanting with other species.

The biological property that the present invention utilizes this plant to have strong fertility is created the condition that is fit to sprouting, makes a joint sprout sprouting and grow up to a complete plant, and single-unit is sprouted success rate and can be reached more than 85%; Simultaneously, this method does not need any chemicals and biochemical reagents, can take full advantage of local condition with suiting measures to local conditions and sprout and the plant cultivation, so cost is low, technology is easy to learn and be not subjected to the restriction in place, easily promotes.

Four, embodiment

Gather the watermifoil provenance in September, 2004 from Jiangpu, Nanjing county, clean up, choose the branch section apart from the sharp 5-30cm of branch, cut according to single-unit on the basis that keeps intact leaf, the upper end of every nodal bud keeps the long 0.5-1.0cm of stem, and the lower end keeps 1.5-2.0cm.Subsequently these joints being transplanted in the bottom is that cultivating container is little plastic tub, keeps depth of water 3cm in lake mud, the matrix of top for sand.Supply with artificial lighting, intensity is 6000lx, and light application time is 14 hours/day, and temperature is about 25 ℃.Changed water once every 2 days during this time.Through observing, there is sprouting to sprout after 2 days, the new root that has that has comes out, and after 7 days, it is 284 that 240 joints sprout the sprouting number, and new plant number is 206 strains, and most of bud reaches 1-2cm, and the sprouting germination rate is 118%, and it is 85.8% that single-unit is sprouted success rate.Subsequently, plant is connected basin be placed on together in the big plastic box and cultivate, supply with artificial lighting, intensity is 6000lx, and light application time is 14 hours/day, and temperature is about 25 ℃, most of bud has been grown to the plant of 5-8cm after 7 days, immediately these healthy seedlings is used for viewing and admiring Shui nationality setting. Or plant is grafted directly to the outdoor lake mud that is placed with does to cultivate in the big plastic box of matrix, after 10 days, most of plant has grown into the above new plant of 30cm, meets the needs of restoration of the ecosystem engineering in Taihu Lake with seedling or open-air fish shrimp crab used for aquiculture seedling fully.

Claims (4)

1. Haloragidaceae Myriophyllum spicatum engineering seedling single-unit quick-breeding method, be characterized in being made of following steps: (1) chooses stipes: select healthy and strong plant, clean up, clip is apart from the branch section of branch point 5-30cm, on the basis that keeps intact leaf, cut according to single-unit, the upper end of every nodal bud keeps the long 0.5-1.0cm of stem, and the lower end keeps 1.5-2.0cm, and this stipes steeps in running water standby; (2) matrix configuration: in cultivating container, spread lake mud, pond sludge or loam earlier, repave clean river sand 1.5-2.0cm, standby; (3) cultivate: standby stipes inserts in the matrix gently, adds water, changes water one time every 1-2d later on, cultivates 7-8d; (4) strong sprout: connect matrix band seedling and be transplanted to together in glass jar or the aquarium, supply with sufficient illumination, 5-8d grows up to the high plant of 5-10cm; Or sprouting is transplanted in nutritious lake mud, half congealed mud or the horticultural earth, supply with sufficient nature or artificial lighting, note keeping the cleaning of water body simultaneously, up to the high 30cm of seedling, finish strong sprout.

2. the application of watermifoil engineering seedling in the vegetation recovery engineering of lake of breeding according to the described method of claim 1.

3. the application of watermifoil engineering seedling in the fish shrimp crab breeding process of breeding according to the described method of claim 1.

4. the application of watermifoil engineering seedling in indoor appreciation aquarium breeding process of breeding according to the described method of claim 1.