CN1297823C - Portable meter scattering laser radar concurrently used for day and night and detection method thereof - Google Patents
Portable meter scattering laser radar concurrently used for day and night and detection method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN1297823C CN1297823C CNB2003101062365A CN200310106236A CN1297823C CN 1297823 C CN1297823 C CN 1297823C CN B2003101062365 A CNB2003101062365 A CN B2003101062365A CN 200310106236 A CN200310106236 A CN 200310106236A CN 1297823 C CN1297823 C CN 1297823C
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation
Abstract
The present invention discloses an all day portable mie scattering laser radar and a detection method thereof. The laser radar is totally composed of three parts: a laser emission unit, a receiving optical unit, a successive optical unit and a signal detection unit are all assembled into an integral structure which is movably arranged on a supporting frame; a signal acquisition unit, a control unit and an auxiliary power source instrument thereof are concentrated and arranged in a light-duty instrument trolley; an Nd: YAG laser power source is singly placed, an eyepiece, a beam-splitting sheet, a total reflection mirror, an attenuation sheet and a light filter form the successive optical unit, wherein the beam-splitting sheet divides atmospheric backscatter light into a far passage and a near passage for simultaneous detection. The laser radar has the advantages of compact structure, small size, light weight, quick detection, all day and continuous operation, high automation, stable and reliable operation, easy movement, etc., and can be applied to the detection of atmospheric horizontal visibility, troposphere aerosol and perpendicular profiles of cirrus extinction coefficients.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of laser radar, a kind of in particular Mie scattering laser radar.
Background technology
Laser radar is to be light source with laser, and the radiation signal by exploring laser light and atmospheric interaction comes remote sensing atmosphere.The interaction of laser and atmosphere produces air inclusion molecule and particulate radiation signal for information about, utilizes the method for inverting just can therefrom obtain information about gas molecule and particulate.
Laser radar is the product that traditional Radar Technology combines with modern laser.After laser comes out 1 year, promptly 1961, scientist has just proposed the imagination of laser radar, and carried out research work, over more than 40 year, along with the development that laser technology is maked rapid progress, advanced acquisition of signal and data acquisition system (DAS) are used, and laser radar becomes a kind of important active remote sensing instrument with its high measurement accuracy, meticulous time and spatial resolution and big detection span.
At present, survey the deficiency that generally there are following three aspects in the aerocolloidal Mie scattering laser radar system in troposphere: at first be that systematic comparison complexity, volume are big, weight is heavier, be difficult for moving and transportation, limited its application region scope; Secondly survey highly limitedly, major part is confined in the following boundary layer of 5～6km, and survey highly lower daytime, and the 3rd long-time continuous moves that often reliability is relatively poor.
In order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcoming and defect of conventional Mie scattering laser radar, in the world, a kind of micro-pulse lidar (Micro Pulse Lidar is called for short MPL) comes out.But because its output energy is in μ J magnitude, rely on high-repetition-rate (thousands of Hz) to improve and survey signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), therefore detection time is long, survey highly also only 6km daytime, if its long how much overlap factors (about 4km) can not accurately be determined, bring bigger error can for the gasoloid result of detection.
Summary of the invention
The portable Mie scattering laser radar that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of novel dual-purpose round the clock, Primary Component all adopts small-sized full consolidated structures or modular construction, add unique Design for optical system that transmits and receives, have that compact conformation, volume are little, in light weight, quick detection, can move continuously round the clock, automaticity height, advantage such as working stability is reliable and be easy to move, be applied to the detection of day and night atmospheric horizontal visibility, troposphere gasoloid and cirrus extinction coefficient Vertical Profile.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
The portable Mie scattering laser radar of dual-purpose round the clock, totally be made of three parts: Laser emission, reception optics, follow-up optics, these four unit of acquisition of signal all are assembled into whole integral structure, this piecemeal activity is installed on the A-frame, can do the motion of pitching or orientation; Signals collecting, control module and other accessory power supply instrument are installed concentratedly in a light-duty tool dolly; The Nd:YAG Laser Power Devices are placed separately because of certain volume is arranged, it is characterized in that behind the receiving telescope eyepiece being installed, on the casing of receiving telescope laser instrument is installed, laser instrument and telescope light path parallel, the eyepiece back is equipped with beam splitting chip and completely reflecting mirror successively, and the photomultiplier of optical filter, band gate is installed in the light path of beam splitting chip reflection; After the beam splitting chip transmission, in the light path by the total reflective mirror reflection, the photomultiplier of attenuator, optical filter, band gate is installed again, two road photomultipliers are connected with two-path amplifier, connect A/D card and industrial computer behind the two-path amplifier.
The detection method of the portable Mie scattering laser radar of dual-purpose round the clock, it is characterized in that adopting cross-compound arrangement, receiving telescope optical axis and laser optical axis be arranged in parallel, after the 532nm wavelength laser of laser instrument emission incides atmosphere, receive the atmospheric backscatter echoed signal by receiving telescope, the beam splitting chip that install successively process eyepiece and back thereof, completely reflecting mirror, by beam splitting chip atmospheric backscatter light being divided into far and near two passages surveys simultaneously: for the long-range detection passage, the atmospheric backscatter light that is reflected by beam splitting chip carries out opto-electronic conversion by the photomultiplier that optical filter enters the band gate; For the proximity detection passage, see through atmospheric backscatter light after the total reflective mirror reflection from beam splitting chip, go into the photoelectricity multiplier tube and carry out opto-electronic conversion by attenuator, optical filter are laggard; The electric signal of two passages amplifies the back through two-path amplifier to be gathered by double channel A/D card, by computer control system the data of gathering is stored at last, and shows measurement data in real time.
Described computer control system is an industrial computer, and the A/D card is installed in the industrial computer.
Described beam splitting chip is 90% reflection, and 10% sees through.
The primary mirror of receiving telescope and secondary mirror all plate the deielectric-coating that the 532nm wavelength is all-trans, and reflectivity reaches 99%.Eyepiece is made by K9 glass, is coated with the 532nm anti-reflection film, and it will be converged to directional light from the diverging light after the receiving telescope focus, spot diameter 10mm.
The laser instrument of laser radar of the present invention, dichronic mirror and 532nm total reflective mirror constitute laser emission element, receiving telescope constitutes the echoed signal receiving element, eyepiece, beam splitting chip, completely reflecting mirror, attenuator, optical filter constitute follow-up optical unit, photomultiplier, prime amplifier, A/D capture card constitute acquisition of signal and data acquisition unit, and the gating device of photomultiplier, signal delay pulse producer, industrial computer constitute the operation control module.
Laser instrument of the present invention adopts is the Brilliant type Nd:YAG laser instrument that French Quantel company produces, it is born top at the casing of receiving telescope and follow-up optical unit, can carry out the rotation in pitching and orientation along with receiving telescope together, to carry out the measurement on level or the vertical direction.
Receiving telescope is that the diameter of being produced by Anhui Inst. of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences is the Cassegrain type telescope of 200mm, and primary mirror and secondary mirror all plate the deielectric-coating that the 532nm wavelength is all-trans, and reflectivity reaches 99%.
Industrial computer adopts Taiwan to grind the IPPC-9150 that magnificent company produces, and inside has two PCI/ISA slots, and data collecting card can directly insert, and is easy to use.IPPC-9150 industrial computer antijamming capability is strong, volume little (402 * 302 * 127mm), in light weight, 10kg is only arranged, be fit to carry outfield work.
The follow-up unit of optics is installed in the follow-up light path square chest, and follow-up light path square chest is linked as an integral body by ring flange and Cassegrain type receiving telescope.
The orientation perforate that photomultiplier and follow-up light path square chest are determined by light path is connected, and for guaranteeing its stability, its mounting means is adorned an angle block of right angle and is connected with square chest, and the sleeve on the incidence hole tightens up with square chest and is connected by closing cap.
The power supply of amplifier, industrial computer, data collecting card, signal delay generator and photomultiplier and amplifier is placed in the light-duty tool dolly together in an orderly manner.
Eyepiece in the follow-up optical unit is made by K9 glass, is coated with the 532nm anti-reflection film, and it will be converged to directional light from the diverging light after the receiving telescope focus, spot diameter 10mm.
Because in whole tropospheric altitude range, the dynamic range of the 532nm wavelength atmospheric backscatter echoed signal that laser radar receives reaches 7 more than the order of magnitude, and the precision of A/D card is 12bit, can not gather the signal of so big dynamic range, simultaneously, in-plant atmospheric backscatter light is very strong, can cause the saturated distorted signals that causes of photomultiplier, so by beam splitting chip (90% reflection, 10% sees through) atmospheric backscatter light being divided into far and near two passages surveys simultaneously.For the long-range detection passage, 90% the atmospheric backscatter light that is reflected by beam splitting chip carries out opto-electronic conversion by the photomultiplier that optical filter enters the band gate.
For the proximity detection passage, 10% the atmospheric backscatter light that sees through from beam splitting chip is gone into the photoelectricity multiplier tube and is carried out opto-electronic conversion by attenuator, optical filter are laggard after the total reflective mirror reflection.
The electric signal of two passages amplifies the back through two-path amplifier to be gathered by double channel A/D card, by industrial computer the data of gathering is stored at last, and shows measurement data in real time.
The present invention is the portable Mie scattering laser radar of dual-purpose round the clock, and it has following characteristics:
1). can carry out the detection of atmospheric horizontal visibility, whole troposphere Aerosol Extinction Vertical Profile and cirrus extinction coefficient Vertical Profile.The detecting error 15% of horizontal visibility; Extinction coefficient Vertical Profile detecting error 20%.
2). realized the continuous running of day and night.Usually under the weather condition, no matter daytime or night, the level detection distance is 10km, and vertical sounding highly reaches 15km.
3). have the characteristics of quick detection, under the weather condition, the detect cycle of atmospheric horizontal visibility is 3 minutes usually, and the detect cycle of gasoloid and cirrus extinction coefficient Vertical Profile is 15 minutes.
4). compact conformation, weight are lighter, are easy to carry and move, and are applicable to that the outfield uses.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.
Ln (P (R) R that Fig. 2 surveys for the portable Mie scattering laser radar of the present invention
2) and the relation curve of R.
The comparative result of the 532nm wavelength Aerosol Extinction Vertical Profile that Fig. 3 surveys simultaneously for the portable Mie scattering laser radar of the present invention (solid-line curve) and L300 Mie scattering laser radar (dashed curve).
Fig. 4 is the Vertical Profile of the Aerosol Extinction of the portable Mie scattering lidar measurement of 20:00 the present invention night on the 8th May in 2003.
Fig. 5 is the Vertical Profile of the Aerosol Extinction of the portable Mie scattering lidar measurement of 10:05 the present invention morning on the 16th April in 2003.
Fig. 6 is the gasoloid of the portable Mie scattering lidar measurement of 19:33 the present invention on March 21 in 2003 and the Vertical Profile of cirrus extinction coefficient
The tool present embodiment
Structure is seen Fig. 1.The portable Mie scattering laser radar of dual-purpose round the clock, its structure is behind the receiving telescope 9 eyepiece 6 to be installed, eyepiece 6 back are equipped with beam splitting chip 1 and completely reflecting mirror 2 successively, and the photomultiplier of optical filter 5, band gate is installed in the light path of beam splitting chip 1 reflection; After beam splitting chip 1 transmission, again in the light path by total reflective mirror 2 reflections, the photomultiplier of attenuator 3, optical filter 4, band gate is installed, above-mentioned parts are installed in the casing in the lump, Na:YAG laser instrument 10 is installed on the casing, laser instrument 10 and telescope 9 light path parallels, two road photomultipliers are connected with two-path amplifier 7, and two-path amplifier 7 backs connect industrial computer 8 (interior dress A/D card).
Principle of work is: by beam splitting chip 1 atmospheric backscatter light is divided into far and near two passages and surveys simultaneously: for the long-range detection passage, the atmospheric backscatter light that is reflected by beam splitting chip carries out opto-electronic conversion by the photomultiplier that optical filter enters the band gate; For the proximity detection passage, see through atmospheric backscatter light after the total reflective mirror reflection from beam splitting chip, go into the photoelectricity multiplier tube and carry out opto-electronic conversion by attenuator, optical filter are laggard; The electric signal of two passages amplifies the back through two-path amplifier to be gathered by double channel A/D card, by computer control system the data of gathering is stored at last, and shows measurement data in real time.
The technical parameter of the portable Mie scattering laser radar of the present invention
| The unit title | Technical parameter |
| Laser emission element laser wavelength (nm) single pulse energy (mJ)/energy stability (%) pulse recurrence frequency (Hz) beam divergence angle (mrad) echo-signal receiving element receiving telescope model diameter (mm) focal length (m) visual field (mrad) follow-up optical unit optical filter centre wavelength (nm) half width (nm) transmitance (%) acquisition of signal and collecting unit photomultiplier spectral response (nm) amplifier gain bandwidth (MHz) A/D capture card acquisition precision (bit) acquisition rate (MHz) operation control module photomultiplier gating device signal delay impulse generator industrial computer dominant frequency | Nd:YAG 532 180/±4 10 0.5 Cassegrain 200 2 1～3 532 0.3 45 300～650 40 200 12 5 PIII850 |
The various typical result of detection that uses apparatus of the present invention to obtain:
1, atmospheric horizontal visibility
Use slope method (slope) that the detection data of portable Mie scattering laser radar is handled and to obtain atmospheric horizontal visibility.
Fig. 2 provides Ln (P (R) R that the portable Mie scattering laser radar of 15:51 in afternoon on the 16th April in 2003 is surveyed
2) and the relation curve of distance R.Wherein, the atmospheric backscatter echoed signal at the distance R place that detects for portable Mie scattering laser radar of P (R).The figure orbicular spot is a measured value, and straight line is the result of least square fitting.
As can be seen from Figure 2, in 1.5km～10km scope, Ln (P (R) R2) and R are good linear relationship, though along with the increase of detection range R, the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of the atmospheric backscatter echoed signal of reception diminishes, echoed signal rises and falls to be increased gradually, but all centers on the fitting a straight line dipping and heaving.The related coefficient of Ln (P (R) R2) and R is 99.87%, and the standard error of fitting a straight line is 0.049.It has reflected that the horizontal homogeneity of atmospheric aerosol of this day is fine.Half of regression straight line slope is the atmospheric level extinction coefficient α of 532nm wavelength
H=20km
-1, corresponding atmospheric horizontal visibility R at that time
vBe 19.56km.
2, troposphere Aerosol Extinction Vertical Profile
Use the Fernald method that the detection data of portable Mie scattering laser radar is handled and to obtain troposphere gasoloid and cirrus extinction coefficient Vertical Profile.
In order to detect the performance and the reliability thereof of portable Mie scattering laser radar atmospheric sounding Aerosol Extinction, at night on January 23rd, 2003, carried out the detection of atmospheric aerosol extinction coefficient Vertical Profile simultaneously with another L300 Mie scattering laser radar.
Fig. 3 has provided the comparative result of the 532nm wavelength Aerosol Extinction Vertical Profile that portable Mie scattering laser radar (solid-line curve) and L300 Mie scattering laser radar (dashed curve) survey simultaneously.Dot-and-dash line among the figure is an atmospheric molecule Rayleigh extinction coefficient Vertical Profile.Obviously, the troposphere Aerosol Extinction Vertical Profile of two laser radar system detections is quite consistent, and structure trickle on the sustained height zone is also similar substantially.
Fig. 4 has provided the portable Mie scattering laser radar 532nm wavelength Aerosol Extinction Vertical Profile (solid-line curve) that 20:00 surveys at night on the 8th May in 2003.Dot-and-dash line among the figure is an atmospheric molecule Rayleigh extinction coefficient Vertical Profile.As can be seen, this late atmosphere has tangible boundary layer structure, highly about 2km.The gasoloid layer that the about 2km of one layer thickness is arranged at the 5km place simultaneously.
What Fig. 5 provided is the portable Mie scattering laser radar 532nm wavelength atmospheric aerosol extinction coefficient Vertical Profile that 10:05 surveys the morning on the 16th April in 2003.The troposphere gasoloid on the same day has quite abundant sandwich construction as can be seen.It shows that this laser radar has the ability of atmospheric sounding Aerosol Extinction vertical distribution on very strong daytime.The detection on daytime this day highly reaches more than the 10km.
3, troposphere gasoloid and cirrus extinction coefficient Vertical Profile
What Fig. 6 provided is that portable Mie scattering laser radar is in the 532nm wavelength gasoloid of 19:33 detection in evening on the 21st March in 2003 and the extinction coefficient Vertical Profile of cirrus.Can see obviously that a stratocirrus is arranged about 9.7km, the peak value extinction coefficient reaches 0.09km
-1Fig. 6 provides atmosphere echoed signal that portable Mie scattering laser radar receives feature over time, can clearly be seen that therefrom the cloud thickness of cirrus and centre-height are constantly changing in whole measuring process.
Claims (6)
1, the portable Mie scattering laser radar of dual-purpose round the clock totally is made of three parts: Laser emission, receive optics, follow-up optics, these four unit of acquisition of signal and all be assembled into whole integral structure, this piecemeal activity is installed on the support; Signals collecting, control module and other accessory power supply instrument are installed concentratedly in a light-duty tool dolly; The Nd:YAG Laser Power Devices are placed separately, it is characterized in that behind the receiving telescope eyepiece being installed, on the casing of receiving telescope laser instrument is installed, laser instrument and telescope light path parallel, the eyepiece back is equipped with beam splitting chip and completely reflecting mirror successively, and the photomultiplier of optical filter, band gate is installed in the light path of beam splitting chip reflection; After the beam splitting chip transmission, in the light path by the total reflective mirror reflection, the photomultiplier of attenuator, optical filter, band gate is installed again, two road photomultipliers are connected with two-path amplifier, connect A/D card and industrial computer behind the two-path amplifier.
2, the portable Mie scattering laser radar of dual-purpose round the clock according to claim 1, it is characterized in that eyepiece, beam splitting chip, completely reflecting mirror, attenuator, optical filter constitute follow-up optical unit, follow-up optical unit is installed in the follow-up light path square chest, follow-up light path square chest is linked as an integral body by ring flange and receiving telescope, photomultiplier is connected with the orientation perforate that follow-up light path square chest is determined by light path, adorn an angle block of right angle and be connected with square chest, the sleeve on the incidence hole tightens up with square chest and is connected by closing cap.
3, the detection method of the portable Mie scattering laser radar of dual-purpose round the clock, it is characterized in that adopting cross-compound arrangement, receiving telescope optical axis and laser optical axis be arranged in parallel, after the 532nm wavelength laser of laser instrument emission incides atmosphere, receive the atmospheric backscatter echoed signal by receiving telescope, the beam splitting chip that install successively process eyepiece and back thereof, completely reflecting mirror, by beam splitting chip atmospheric backscatter light being divided into far and near two passages surveys simultaneously: for the long-range detection passage, the atmospheric backscatter light that is reflected by beam splitting chip carries out opto-electronic conversion by the photomultiplier that optical filter enters the band gate; For the proximity detection passage, see through atmospheric backscatter light after the total reflective mirror reflection from beam splitting chip, go into the photoelectricity multiplier tube and carry out opto-electronic conversion by attenuator, optical filter are laggard; The electric signal of two passages amplifies the back through two-path amplifier to be gathered by double channel A/D card, by computer control system the data of gathering is stored at last, and shows measurement data in real time.
4, the detection method of the portable Mie scattering laser radar of dual-purpose round the clock according to claim 3 is characterized in that described computer control system is an industrial computer, and the A/D card is installed in the industrial computer.
5, the detection method of the portable Mie scattering laser radar of dual-purpose round the clock according to claim 3 is characterized in that described beam splitting chip is 90% reflection, and 10% sees through.
6, the detection method of the portable Mie scattering laser radar of dual-purpose round the clock according to claim 3 is characterized in that the primary mirror of receiving telescope and secondary mirror all plate the deielectric-coating that the 532nm wavelength is all-trans, and reflectivity reaches 99%.Eyepiece is made by K9 glass, is coated with the 532nm anti-reflection film, and it will be converged to directional light from the diverging light after the receiving telescope focus, spot diameter 10mm.
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| CNB2003101062365A CN1297823C (en) | 2003-11-05 | 2003-11-05 | Portable meter scattering laser radar concurrently used for day and night and detection method thereof |
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| CNB2003101062365A CN1297823C (en) | 2003-11-05 | 2003-11-05 | Portable meter scattering laser radar concurrently used for day and night and detection method thereof |
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| CN1297823C true CN1297823C (en) | 2007-01-31 |
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| CN100495069C (en) * | 2004-11-20 | 2009-06-03 | 中国科学院安徽光学精密机械研究所 | Mie scattering polarization micro-pulse laser radar control method and device |
| CN1316262C (en) * | 2005-01-20 | 2007-05-16 | 中国科学院安徽光学精密机械研究所 | Detection method and laser radar of Raman-Mie scattering laser atmospheric signal |
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| CN102253012B (en) * | 2011-06-30 | 2012-10-03 | 南京信息工程大学 | Device and method for measuring extinction coefficient of black carbon aerosol |
| CN102507499B (en) * | 2011-11-17 | 2013-10-16 | 合肥工业大学 | Device for measuring atmospheric aerosol absorption coefficient by using photothermal interference |
| CN103293116B (en) * | 2013-05-03 | 2015-03-25 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Automatic continuous detection device of micro-pulse differential absorption lidar water vapor spatial and temporal distribution |
| CN105403877B (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2017-11-10 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Larger Dynamic range of optical divides field detection laser radar |
| CN105785341A (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2016-07-20 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Novel dual-channel laser radar receiving system for enhancing echo dynamic range |
| CN106772437B (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2020-11-27 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Laser radar device capable of adaptively controlling dynamic range |
| CN107272023B (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2019-08-23 | 中国人民解放军92232部队 | A kind of device measuring the non-homogeneous horizontal air Aerosol Extinction in sea level |
| CN108445510A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2018-08-24 | 安徽科创中光科技有限公司 | Portable high energy high frequency lasers radar system |
| CN109932705B (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2024-04-05 | 中国工程物理研究院电子工程研究所 | Ultra-wide dynamic range laser echo receiving device and control method thereof |
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| US5206698A (en) * | 1988-10-05 | 1993-04-27 | DLR Deutsche Forschungsanstalt fur Luft-und Raumfahrt | Lidar arrangement for measuring atmospheric turbidities |
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| US5206698A (en) * | 1988-10-05 | 1993-04-27 | DLR Deutsche Forschungsanstalt fur Luft-und Raumfahrt | Lidar arrangement for measuring atmospheric turbidities |
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