CN109298410B - Ocean oil spill detection laser radar - Google Patents
Ocean oil spill detection laser radar Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109298410B CN109298410B CN201811303361.8A CN201811303361A CN109298410B CN 109298410 B CN109298410 B CN 109298410B CN 201811303361 A CN201811303361 A CN 201811303361A CN 109298410 B CN109298410 B CN 109298410B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- channel
- laser
- optical
- wavelength
- oil spill
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/483—Details of pulse systems
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/483—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/484—Transmitters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/483—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/486—Receivers
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The ocean oil spill detection laser radar system utilizes the good transmission characteristic of a laser wave band in seawater to be used for detecting submersible oil in water and detecting targets such as green tide, sea ice, seabed and the like at high precision. The invention uses 532nm and 1064nm dual-wavelength high repetition frequency laser emission to carry out optical active detection on underwater and overwater targets; the method comprises the following steps of utilizing an optical scanning system to realize two-dimensional scanning of a laser radar target and obtain a three-dimensional position of the target; the laser receiving and transmitting coaxial design form is adopted, so that the realization difficulty of an optical scanning system is reduced; the detection capability of an underwater weak target is enhanced by adopting a large-caliber, large-view-field and multi-channel optical receiving system; a signal processing system with high sampling frequency is adopted to realize the detection of the target distance with sub-meter precision; the polarization detection channel is adopted to realize the measurement of the depolarization factor of the surface of the target, thereby being beneficial to the resolution of the target; the laser radar is provided with an airborne installation device and a shipborne installation device, and can meet the use requirements of different carrying platforms.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an ocean oil spill detection laser radar, and belongs to the technical field of ocean target measurement.
Background
The detection of the underwater oil spilling target is one of important target information to be acquired in ocean research, and has important functions in national economic construction, ocean equity maintenance, national defense construction and scientific research. At present, people have low research and control level on the law of underwater oil spill, and the important reason is that a quick and effective underwater oil spill detection means is lacked, particularly underwater oil spill distribution information of a shallow sea area within 30 m.
In the sixties of the last century, the first generation laser bathymetry system was developed and tested in the united states, canada, australia and other countries. Except for the AOL system in the United states, the first generation airborne laser radar ocean detection system has no scanning and high-speed data recording functions and is a simple water depth measuring instrument. The 20 th century 80 s began to propose airborne underwater laser imaging technology, and by the beginning of the 90 s practical airborne underwater laser imaging systems appeared, laser radar ocean detection systems gradually entered practical stages.
Wherein, Optech company in Canada develops a practical hydrology survey system SHOALS (Scanned Hydrographic operating air Lidar survey) for American society of military Engineers, utilizes helicopter as carrier, has flight height of 200 m-1000 m, has GPS positioning and height fixing functions, adopts 200Hz Nd: YAG laser, green light and infrared light collinear scanning mode, has increased the third light channel, utilize 647nm ruddiness Raman backscattering to carry out sea surface detection and sea surface, land differentiation, the Raman echo is all from the backscattering of water, does not have the reflection composition of sea surface, and is influenced by wind speed and zenith angle little, independent infrared and Raman sea surface channel have guaranteed within 20 degrees reliable, accurate sea surface location.
The CZMIL airborne laser sounding system is an upgraded version of the SHOALS 3000T system, which was customized by the U.S. military in 2011 to the Optech corporation of canada, and was delivered for use by the U.S. military in 2012. The CZMIL system is a new generation water depth and coastal topography measuring system integrating a laser measuring sensor and an image sensor, has the remarkable characteristics of large optical aperture, high spatial resolution and suitability for poor water quality, and the maximum detection depth exceeds 50 m.
In the aspects of research, development and application of an onboard laser sounding system, Flash systems and HAWK EYE systems are developed successively by Saab company in Sweden (including the later AHAB company); the development of an airborne laser depth measurement system is started in 70 th of Australia 20 th century, a plurality of offshore tests are carried out, in 90 th, Vision System company invests 2400 ten thousand Ausgang to develop a new airborne laser depth measurement system LADS Mk II, the system can measure a shallow water area with 20 times of efficiency of a traditional acoustic method, but the total cost only needs 20% of that of the traditional method, and the water depth measurement precision can meet the primary precision requirement in International sea-road measurement Standard; an experimental improved airborne search laser radar (EAARL) system is a laboratory product developed by NASA in the United states, is an airborne laser radar system with the capability of measuring coral reefs, near-shore water depth, coastal vegetation and sandy beaches, and can seamlessly measure underwater and coastal topography by means of a single laser pulse according to the blue-green part of an electromagnetic spectrum.
In China, research and demonstration work on laser underwater detection equipment has been carried out in units such as China university of science and technology, Shanghai optical engine station, Changchun optical engine station, Western-style optical engine station, China university of oceans, Western-style surveying and mapping research institute, but no commodity is formed. The research of an airborne laser depth measurement system was developed by Shanghai optical engine institute and naval ocean surveying and mapping institute of China academy of sciences with the help of the national 863 program and the like, a system prototype was completed in 2004, flight measurement experiments were successfully performed in the south China sea, and valuable test data were obtained. However, the laser radar is used for detecting targets such as underwater oil spill in a multi-channel mode, and similar equipment development is not reported yet. Therefore, the development of marine oil spill detection laser radar equipment in China is urgently needed, and effective observation means are provided for distribution detection of underwater oil spill, monitoring of an underwater oil spill diffusion process, hazard early warning and the like.
Although the main research units of domestic marine laser radars explore and research the marine detection technology of laser radars for a long time, such as Shanghai optical engine, China oceanic university and the like, the marine oil spill detection laser radar products which can be found in the literature at present are not specifically reported.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the radar system adopts a separated modular structure design, combines a laser capable of generating lasers with two wavelengths of 532nm and 1064nm, a Cassegrain telescope, a laser system comprising five optical processing channels, a detector, an optical scanning unit, a secondary power supply, a complete machine cable and the like into an integral independent module to form a laser sensor part; the laser control case, the system control and signal processing case, the display and other electronic equipment are combined into an integral independent module and integrated in a cabinet to form a system control and signal processing part; the platform mounting structure adopts a scanning system independent mounting device, a system vibration isolation device and other devices according to different carrying platforms and use environments, so that the laser radar can be suitable for outfield work. Compared with traditional underwater detection means such as sonar, the laser radar has the advantages of detection on the water surface and underwater, high detection precision and the like. The method is used for carrying out spatial distribution and identification analysis on the underwater spilled oil, directly influences the estimation on the motion diffusion rule of the underwater spilled oil, and further influences the detection, control and the like of people on spilled oil pollution and the like.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a laser radar for detecting ocean oil spill comprises a laser sensor unit and a signal processing and control unit;
the laser sensor unit comprises a laser emission subsystem, an optical receiving subsystem and an optical scanning subsystem; the laser emission subsystem is used for emitting dual-wavelength laser; the optical scanning subsystem is used for enabling the laser emission subsystem and the optical receiving subsystem to scan along a preset track;
the optical receiving subsystem comprises a Cassegrain telescope, a multi-channel optical processing device and a multi-channel detector; the optical axis of the dual-wavelength laser emitted by the laser emission subsystem is coaxial with the receiving optical axis of the Cassegrain telescope; the Cassegrain telescope outputs the received reflected laser to the multi-channel optical processing device, and the multi-channel optical processing device outputs the reflected laser to the multi-channel detector after wavelength beam splitting processing, polarization beam splitting processing and narrow-band filtering processing are carried out on the reflected laser; the multichannel detector performs photoelectric conversion on the received reflected laser to obtain an electric signal;
and the signal processing and controlling unit acquires, stores and displays the electric signals.
According to the marine oil spill detection laser radar, the laser emission subsystem adopts a dual-wavelength solid laser.
In the marine oil spill detection laser radar, the wavelengths of the dual-wavelength laser emitted by the laser emission subsystem are 532nm and 1064nm respectively; the single pulse energy of the laser with the wavelength of 532nm and the wavelength of 1064nm is more than 1mJ, the pulse repetition frequency is 10kHz, and the polarization degree is 100: 1.
the multi-channel optical processing device at least comprises a parallel channel with the wavelength of 532nm, a vertical channel with the wavelength of 532nm, a channel with the wavelength of 590nm, a channel with the wavelength of 647nm and a channel with the wavelength of 1064 nm.
According to the ocean oil spill detection laser radar, the number of the channels of the multi-channel detector is larger than or equal to the number of the wavelengths of the laser emission subsystems.
In the marine oil spill detection laser radar, the optical caliber of the Cassegrain telescope is 200mm, and the field of view is 6 mrad.
The marine oil spill detection laser radar comprises a dichroic mirror 1, a dichroic mirror 2, a dichroic mirror 3, a polarization beam splitter prism, a first focusing mirror, a first optical filter, a second focusing mirror, a second optical filter, a third focusing mirror, a third optical filter, a fourth focusing mirror, a fourth optical filter, a fifth focusing mirror and a fifth optical filter, wherein the first focusing mirror, the second focusing mirror, the third focusing mirror and the fourth focusing mirror are arranged in parallel; the cassegrain telescope outputs the received reflected laser to a dichroic mirror 1 of the multi-channel optical processing device, the dichroic mirror 1 divides the reflected laser into two beams and outputs the two beams to a dichroic mirror 2 and a dichroic mirror 3, the dichroic mirror 2 divides the reflected laser received by the dichroic mirror into two beams and outputs the two beams to a polarization beam splitter prism and a first channel of a multi-channel detector, the polarization beam splitter prism divides the reflected laser received by the polarization beam splitter into two beams and outputs the two beams to a second channel and a third channel of the multi-channel detector, and the dichroic mirror 3 divides the reflected laser received by the dichroic mirror into two beams and outputs the two beams to a fourth channel and a fifth channel of the multi-channel detector;
the reflected laser output by the dichroic mirror 2 sequentially passes through a first optical filter and a first focusing mirror and then enters a first channel of the multi-channel detector; reflected laser output by the polarization beam splitter prism sequentially passes through a second optical filter and a second focusing mirror and then enters a second channel of the multi-channel detector; reflected laser output by the polarization beam splitter prism sequentially passes through a third optical filter and a third focusing mirror and then enters a third channel of the multi-channel detector; the reflected laser output by the dichroic mirror 3 sequentially passes through a fourth optical filter and a fourth focusing mirror and then enters a fourth channel of the multi-channel detector; the reflected laser output by the dichroic mirror 3 sequentially passes through a fifth optical filter and a fifth focusing mirror and then enters a fifth channel of the multi-channel detector.
According to the marine oil spill detection laser radar, the beam aperture of the optical scanning subsystem is larger than 200mm, and the maximum scanning speed exceeds 1200 rpm.
According to the ocean oil spill detection laser radar, the sampling rate of each channel of the multi-channel detector is not less than 1GHz, and the time resolution is not less than 1 ns.
The marine oil spill detection laser radar also comprises an inertial navigation antenna and a GPS antenna; the GPS antenna receives an external GPS signal and outputs the external GPS signal to the inertial navigation system, the inertial navigation system can realize positioning by using the GPS signal, and meanwhile, the inertial navigation system can measure all attitude angles of the marine oil spill detection laser radar.
The marine oil spill detection laser radar also comprises an optical camera; the optical camera is used for collecting image information of the ocean.
The marine oil spill detection laser radar divides dual-wavelength laser emitted by the laser emission subsystem into two parts, wherein the first part is used for irradiating a target, the second part is used as reference laser and is output to the Cassegrain telescope, the Cassegrain telescope outputs the received reference laser to the multichannel optical processing device, and the multichannel optical processing device performs wavelength beam splitting processing, polarization beam splitting processing and narrow-band filtering processing on the reference laser and outputs the reference laser to the multichannel detector; the multichannel detector carries out photoelectric conversion on the received reference laser to obtain an electric signal.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention integrates the functions of dual-wavelength emission and multi-channel receiving detection, can complete the more comprehensive detection of the optical characteristics of water surface and underwater targets, is developed for the first time in China, can provide more target characteristics than the existing laser radar, and improves the capability of the laser radar for detecting and identifying different marine targets;
(2) the large-aperture optical scanning scheme designed by the invention can realize the rapid scanning of the large-aperture laser light receiving and emitting optical system, and the faster scanning speed of the large-aperture optical system is obtained through the design of the Fresnel scanning prism so as to improve the horizontal resolution of target detection;
(3) the high-speed integrated signal processor designed by the invention can realize simultaneous high-speed acquisition and processing of 5 channels, and the single-channel sampling rate reaches 1GHz so as to improve the vertical resolution of target detection;
(4) the whole machine mounting structure designed by the invention can realize the mounting and use of the laser radar on different platforms, so that the laser radar is suitable for the work in an external field.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a multi-channel optical processing apparatus according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. PMT is photomultiplier tube, APD is avalanche photodiode
A laser radar for detecting ocean oil spill comprises a laser sensor unit, a signal processing and control unit, an inertial navigation unit, a GPS antenna and an optical camera.
The laser sensor unit comprises a laser emitting subsystem, an optical receiving subsystem and an optical scanning subsystem.
The laser emission subsystem adopts a dual-wavelength solid laser for emitting dual-wavelength laser, and the wavelengths of the dual-wavelength laser are 532nm and 1064nm respectively; the single pulse energy of the laser with the wavelength of 532nm and the wavelength of 1064nm is more than 1mJ, the pulse repetition frequency is 10kHz, and the polarization degree is 100: 1.
the optical scanning subsystem is used for enabling the laser emission subsystem and the optical receiving subsystem to scan along a preset track; the optical scanning subsystem has a beam aperture greater than 200mm and a maximum scanning speed in excess of 1200 rpm.
The optical receiving subsystem comprises a Cassegrain telescope, a multi-channel optical processing device and a multi-channel detector; the optical axis of the dual-wavelength laser emitted by the laser emission subsystem is coaxial with the receiving optical axis of the Cassegrain telescope, the optical caliber of the Cassegrain telescope is 200mm, and the field of view is 6 mrad. The Cassegrain telescope outputs the received reflected laser to the multi-channel optical processing device, and the multi-channel optical processing device outputs the reflected laser to the multi-channel detector after wavelength beam splitting processing, polarization beam splitting processing and narrow-band filtering processing are carried out on the reflected laser; the multichannel detector carries out photoelectric conversion on the received reflected laser to obtain an electric signal.
The multichannel optical processing device comprises a dichroic mirror 1, a dichroic mirror 2, a dichroic mirror 3, a polarization splitting prism, a first focusing mirror, a first optical filter, a second focusing mirror, a second optical filter, a third focusing mirror, a third optical filter, a fourth focusing mirror, a fourth optical filter, a fifth focusing mirror and a fifth optical filter. Wherein the dichroic mirror 1, the dichroic mirror 2, the first focusing mirror and the first optical filter form a channel with the wavelength of 590 nm; the dichroic mirror 1, the dichroic mirror 2, the polarization splitting prism, the second focusing mirror and the second optical filter form a 532nm parallel channel; the dichroic mirror 1, the dichroic mirror 2, the polarization splitting prism, the third focusing mirror and the third optical filter form a 532nm vertical channel; the dichroic mirror 1, the dichroic mirror 3, the fourth focusing mirror and the fourth filter form a channel with the wavelength of 647 nm; the dichroic mirror 1, dichroic mirror 3, fifth focusing mirror, and fifth filter constitute a channel with a wavelength of 1064 nm.
The number of channels of the multi-channel detector is more than or equal to that of the channels of the multi-channel optical processing device; the sampling rate of each channel of the multi-channel detector is not less than 1GHz, and the time resolution is not less than 1 ns.
The dual-wavelength laser emitted by the laser emission subsystem is divided into two parts, wherein the first part is used for irradiating a target, and the second part is used as reference laser to be output to the Cassegrain telescope.
The cassegrain telescope outputs received reflected laser to a dichroic mirror 1 of the multi-channel optical processing device, the dichroic mirror 1 divides the reflected laser into two beams and outputs the two beams to a dichroic mirror 2 and a dichroic mirror 3, the dichroic mirror 2 divides the self-received reflected laser into two beams and outputs the two beams to a first channel of a polarization beam splitter prism and a multi-channel detector, the polarization beam splitter prism divides the self-received reflected laser into two beams and outputs the two beams to a second channel and a third channel of the multi-channel detector, and the dichroic mirror 3 divides the self-received reflected laser into two beams and outputs the two beams to a fourth channel and a fifth channel of the multi-channel detector.
The reflected laser output by the dichroic mirror 2 sequentially passes through a first optical filter and a first focusing mirror and then enters a first channel of the multi-channel detector; reflected laser output by the polarization beam splitter prism sequentially passes through a second optical filter and a second focusing mirror and then enters a second channel of the multi-channel detector; reflected laser output by the polarization beam splitter prism sequentially passes through a third optical filter and a third focusing mirror and then enters a third channel of the multi-channel detector; the reflected laser output by the dichroic mirror 3 sequentially passes through a fourth optical filter and a fourth focusing mirror and then enters a fourth channel of the multi-channel detector; the reflected laser output by the dichroic mirror 3 sequentially passes through a fifth optical filter and a fifth focusing mirror and then enters a fifth channel of the multi-channel detector.
The Cassegrain telescope outputs the received reference laser to the multi-channel optical processing device, and the multi-channel optical processing device outputs the reference laser to the multi-channel detector after performing wavelength beam splitting processing, polarization beam splitting processing and narrow-band filtering processing on the reference laser; the multichannel detector carries out photoelectric conversion on the received reference laser to obtain an electric signal.
The GPS antenna receives an external GPS signal and outputs the external GPS signal to the inertial navigation system, the inertial navigation system can realize positioning by using the GPS signal, and meanwhile, the inertial navigation system can measure all attitude angles of the marine oil spill detection laser radar. The optical camera is used for collecting image information of the ocean.
Example (b):
the principle of the invention is as follows: when the marine oil spill detection laser radar works, a laser transmitting unit transmits double-wavelength laser of 532nm and 1064nm water surfaces of near infrared bands, a Cassegrain telescope receives optical signals scattered by a target, the optical signals enter an optical receiving and processing channel and then are subjected to color separation, polarization beam splitting, narrow-band filtering and other processing, echo signals are divided into underwater targets, the 532nm water surfaces are parallel and 532nm vertical, 590nm oil fluorescence is carried out, the components of the target to be detected, 647nm water Raman scattering channels and 5 channels of 1064nm are determined, and then the target detection of the laser radar signals is realized through photoelectric conversion, collection, analysis, inversion and storage of the echo signals of the laser radar with a plurality of channels, as shown in figure 1.
A marine oil spill detection laser radar is composed of a laser sensor unit, a signal processing and control unit and a platform installation structure, and the marine oil spill detection laser radar is formed by the laser sensor unit, the signal processing and control unit and the platform installation structure and is used for detecting submersible oil in water and detecting underwater oil spill, green tide, sea ice, seabed and other targets with high precision, and the marine oil spill detection laser radar is shown in figure 2.
The laser control cabinet controls the dual-wavelength solid laser to emit high repetition frequency laser with a visible light wave band of 532nm and a near infrared wave band of 1064nm, and a laser emission optical axis is coaxially matched with a Cassegrain telescope receiving optical axis through the light path deflection device. The Cassegrain telescope receives an optical signal scattered by a target, and the multi-channel optical processing device divides the optical signal into five detection channels of 532nm parallel, 532nm vertical, 590nm, 647nm and 1064nm, as shown in FIG. 3. The multi-channel detector converts the optical signal into an electrical signal. The optical scanning subsystem controls the laser emission subsystem and the optical receiving subsystem to scan according to a preset circular track by rotating the optical scanning prism, so that the three-dimensional position detection of the target is realized. The signal processor composed of detector power module, signal acquisition processing module and storage display module can complete the acquisition, processing, storage and display of each channel signal after photoelectric conversion, the monitoring and control of each unit of the system, and the signal acquisition result is displayed by the display of the industrial personal computer. The whole installation structure can install and fix all components of the laser radar on the use platform through the installation fixing structure, the equipment vibration damping device, the cabinet and other devices according to the equipment installation interface of the airborne platform and the shipborne platform. In addition, the marine oil spill detection laser radar also comprises a GPS antenna, an inertial navigation system and an optical camera, wherein the GPS antenna receives an external GPS signal and outputs the external GPS signal to the inertial navigation system, the inertial navigation system can realize positioning by using the GPS signal, meanwhile, the inertial navigation system can measure all attitude angles of the marine oil spill detection laser radar, the distance between the marine oil spill detection laser radar and a target to be detected is calculated by using time delay between laser emission and laser reflection, and the accurate positioning of the target to be detected can be realized by combining rotation angle data of a rotating optical scanning prism. The optical camera is used for collecting image information of the ocean.
The dual-wavelength solid laser emitter can realize multi-wavelength emission with the same caliber through frequency doubling technology and dual-wavelength beam expanding technology, adopts dual-wavelength solid laser's light source and other subassembly separation design thoughts in addition, uses the optic fibre leaded light, combines to use the air-cooled heat dissipation mode to realize the temperature control of high-power light source, improves the holistic application convenience of system, effectively reduces the volume, weight and the reliability of system simultaneously. The laser has the emission wavelengths of 532nm and 1064nm, the single pulse energy of each wavelength is more than 1mJ, the pulse repetition frequency is 10kHz, and the polarization degree is 100: 1.
the Cassegrain telescope consists of a primary mirror, a secondary mirror, a diaphragm and a collimating mirror. The telescope adopts a reflection type off-axis Cassegrain telescope, has the characteristics of shorter tube length, larger view field and suitability for integration and production of a laser radar system, and has the optical caliber of 200mm and the view field of 6 mrad.
The multichannel optical processing device applies wavelength beam splitting, polarization beam splitting and narrow-band filtering technologies to divide optical signals into 5 receiving channels of 532nm parallel, 532nm vertical, 590nm, 647nm and 1064nm, and the Cassegrain telescope realizes multichannel detection of the laser radar. The laser signal with the wavelength of 1064nm is used for measuring the target information of the sea surface, the laser signal with the wavelength of 532nm is used for measuring the underwater target information, the laser signal with the wavelength of 590nm can reflect the oil fluorescence information and is used for determining the components of the target, and the laser signal with the wavelength of 647nm is used for measuring the Raman scattering condition of water.
The optical scanning subsystem is composed of an optical scanning prism and a rotating mechanism. In order to ensure that the large-aperture laser receiving and transmitting light beams can be rapidly scanned, the large-aperture Fresnel prism group refraction type scanning prism is designed to deflect the receiving and transmitting light beams, the large-aperture rotation mechanism is utilized to enable the large-aperture Fresnel prism group to rapidly rotate around an optical axis, the circular motion of the detection light beams is realized, and the two-dimensional optical scanning of a target is realized by matching with the movement of an equipment carrying platform. The large-aperture optical scanning prism adopts a Fresnel prism group form, so that the gravity center of the prism is reduced and is close to the rotation center, and meanwhile, the weight of the prism is reduced, and the aim of stable and rapid rotation is achieved. The optical scanning system has a beam aperture of more than 200mm and a maximum scanning speed of more than 1200 rpm.
The laser control cabinet realizes power supply and control of the dual-wavelength high-repetition-frequency solid laser.
The signal processor consists of an industrial personal computer, a detector power module, a signal acquisition processing module, a servo control module and a storage display module. All units are integrated in one industrial control case, so that the number of equipment is effectively reduced, and the reliability and the usability of the equipment are improved. The industrial personal computer is responsible for the operation control, data inversion and display functions of the whole signal processor. The detector power supply module and the signal acquisition processing module finish power supply to each channel detector and acquire and process echo electric signals, 5-channel output is realized, the single-channel sampling rate can reach 1GHz, and the time resolution is 1 ns. The servo control module realizes the control of the optical scanning system and acquires the real-time light beam pointing angle. The storage display module adopts a 1TB solid state hard disk card and is used for recording laser radar echo signals, communication control instructions and state information in real time.
According to the installation and use platform of the laser radar system, such as an airplane, a ship and the like, the whole installation structure is designed, so that the laser radar system can adapt to the use conditions of different carrying platforms, and the laser radar is suitable for outfield work.
The marine oil spill detection laser radar provided by the invention has fluorescence and Raman channels, and can give more optical characteristic information of a detected target.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that those matters not described in detail in the present specification are well known in the art.
Claims (11)
1. An ocean oil spill detection laser radar, characterized in that: the device comprises a laser sensor unit and a signal processing and control unit;
the laser sensor unit comprises a laser emission subsystem, an optical receiving subsystem and an optical scanning subsystem; the laser emission subsystem is used for emitting dual-wavelength laser; the optical scanning subsystem is used for enabling the laser emission subsystem and the optical receiving subsystem to scan along a preset track;
the optical receiving subsystem comprises a Cassegrain telescope, a multi-channel optical processing device and a multi-channel detector; the optical axis of the dual-wavelength laser emitted by the laser emission subsystem is coaxial with the receiving optical axis of the Cassegrain telescope; the Cassegrain telescope outputs the received reflected laser to the multi-channel optical processing device, and the multi-channel optical processing device outputs the reflected laser to the multi-channel detector after wavelength beam splitting processing, polarization beam splitting processing and narrow-band filtering processing are carried out on the reflected laser; the multichannel detector performs photoelectric conversion on the received reflected laser to obtain an electric signal;
the signal processing and controlling unit acquires, stores and displays the electric signal;
the number of channels of the multi-channel detector is larger than or equal to the number of wavelengths of the laser emission subsystem.
2. The marine oil spill detection lidar of claim 1, wherein: the laser emission subsystem adopts a dual-wavelength solid laser.
3. The marine oil spill detection lidar of claim 1, wherein: the wavelengths of the dual-wavelength laser emitted by the laser emission subsystem are 532nm and 1064nm respectively; the single pulse energy of the laser with the wavelength of 532nm and the wavelength of 1064nm is more than 1mJ, the pulse repetition frequency is 10kHz, and the polarization degree is 100: 1.
4. the marine oil spill detection lidar of claim 1, wherein: the multi-channel optical processing device at least comprises a parallel channel with the wavelength of 532nm, a vertical channel with the wavelength of 532nm, a channel with the wavelength of 590nm, a channel with the wavelength of 647nm and a channel with the wavelength of 1064 nm.
5. The marine oil spill detection lidar of claim 1, wherein: the optical caliber of the Cassegrain telescope is 200mm, and the visual field is 6 mrad.
6. The marine oil spill detection lidar of claim 1, wherein: the multichannel optical processing device comprises a dichroic mirror 1, a dichroic mirror 2, a dichroic mirror 3, a polarization splitting prism, a first focusing mirror, a first optical filter, a second focusing mirror, a second optical filter, a third focusing mirror, a third optical filter, a fourth focusing mirror, a fourth optical filter, a fifth focusing mirror and a fifth optical filter; the cassegrain telescope outputs the received reflected laser to a dichroic mirror 1 of the multi-channel optical processing device, the dichroic mirror 1 divides the reflected laser into two beams and outputs the two beams to a dichroic mirror 2 and a dichroic mirror 3, the dichroic mirror 2 divides the reflected laser received by the dichroic mirror into two beams and outputs the two beams to a polarization beam splitter prism and a first channel of a multi-channel detector, the polarization beam splitter prism divides the reflected laser received by the polarization beam splitter into two beams and outputs the two beams to a second channel and a third channel of the multi-channel detector, and the dichroic mirror 3 divides the reflected laser received by the dichroic mirror into two beams and outputs the two beams to a fourth channel and a fifth channel of the multi-channel detector;
the reflected laser output by the dichroic mirror 2 sequentially passes through a first optical filter and a first focusing mirror and then enters a first channel of the multi-channel detector; reflected laser output by the polarization beam splitter prism sequentially passes through a second optical filter and a second focusing mirror and then enters a second channel of the multi-channel detector; reflected laser output by the polarization beam splitter prism sequentially passes through a third optical filter and a third focusing mirror and then enters a third channel of the multi-channel detector; the reflected laser output by the dichroic mirror 3 sequentially passes through a fourth optical filter and a fourth focusing mirror and then enters a fourth channel of the multi-channel detector; the reflected laser output by the dichroic mirror 3 sequentially passes through a fifth optical filter and a fifth focusing mirror and then enters a fifth channel of the multi-channel detector.
7. The marine oil spill detection lidar of claim 1, wherein: the aperture of the light beam of the optical scanning subsystem is larger than 200mm, and the maximum scanning speed exceeds 1200 r/min.
8. The marine oil spill detection lidar of claim 1, wherein: the sampling rate of each channel of the multi-channel detector is not less than 1GHz, and the time resolution is not less than 1 ns.
9. A marine oil spill detection lidar according to any of claims 1 to 8, wherein: the system also comprises an inertial navigation antenna and a GPS antenna; the GPS antenna receives an external GPS signal and outputs the external GPS signal to the inertial navigation system, the inertial navigation system can realize positioning by using the GPS signal, and meanwhile, the inertial navigation system can measure all attitude angles of the marine oil spill detection laser radar.
10. A marine oil spill detection lidar according to any of claims 1 to 8, wherein: also included is an optical camera; the optical camera is used for collecting image information of the ocean.
11. A marine oil spill detection lidar according to any of claims 1 to 8, wherein: dividing the dual-wavelength laser emitted by the laser emission subsystem into two parts, wherein the first part is used for irradiating a target, the second part is used as reference laser and is output to the Cassegrain telescope, the Cassegrain telescope outputs the received reference laser to the multi-channel optical processing device, and the multi-channel optical processing device outputs the reference laser to the multi-channel detector after performing wavelength beam splitting processing, polarization beam splitting processing and narrow-band filtering processing on the reference laser; the multichannel detector carries out photoelectric conversion on the received reference laser to obtain an electric signal.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811303361.8A CN109298410B (en) | 2018-11-02 | 2018-11-02 | Ocean oil spill detection laser radar |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811303361.8A CN109298410B (en) | 2018-11-02 | 2018-11-02 | Ocean oil spill detection laser radar |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109298410A CN109298410A (en) | 2019-02-01 |
| CN109298410B true CN109298410B (en) | 2020-06-09 |
Family
ID=65145625
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811303361.8A Active CN109298410B (en) | 2018-11-02 | 2018-11-02 | Ocean oil spill detection laser radar |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109298410B (en) |
Families Citing this family (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109946710B (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2023-12-26 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Dual-wavelength multi-polarization laser imaging device |
| WO2020232640A1 (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2020-11-26 | 唐山哈船科技有限公司 | Sea surface oil spilling monitoring apparatus and operation method |
| WO2021000266A1 (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2021-01-07 | 唐山哈船科技有限公司 | Monitoring device for oil spillage near oil well platform, and operation method |
| CN110542893A (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2019-12-06 | 桂林理工大学 | Airborne double-frequency laser radar three-channel optical receiving device |
| CN110673159B (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2023-04-07 | 中国海洋大学 | Active radar hyperspectral detection system and method of unmanned aerial vehicle for marine environment monitoring |
| CN110673160A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-01-10 | 北科天绘(合肥)激光技术有限公司 | Data fusion processing method, laser camera and corresponding intelligent vehicle or unmanned aerial vehicle |
| CN112834612A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2021-05-25 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七六研究所 | Laboratory test method for sound scattering characteristic of oil spilling under ice based on sound-transmitting floating body mold |
| CN111983590B (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2022-08-05 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Dual-wavelength staring type imaging optical receiving system |
| CN112577900A (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2021-03-30 | 青岛光流软件技术有限公司 | Water body ecological environment parameter scanning and monitoring system based on ocean optics |
| CN112558106B (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2022-06-07 | 北京遥测技术研究所 | Satellite-borne atmospheric ocean high repetition frequency laser radar system and detection method |
| CN112817008B (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2023-03-10 | 华中光电技术研究所（中国船舶重工集团公司第七一七研究所） | Dual-waveband single-photon three-dimensional detection system |
| CN113514853B (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2023-12-08 | 厦门大学 | Integrated laser detection method and integrated detection laser radar |
| CN113281773B (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2024-01-19 | 西安理工大学 | Remote sensing detection system and method for detecting fire disasters of wild forests and grasslands |
| CN113777581A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-12-10 | 厦门大学 | Underwater receiving and transmitting separated water body detection laser radar |
| CN114167436B (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2023-04-07 | 桂林理工大学 | Single-frequency water measuring laser radar |
| CN114325656B (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2024-05-24 | 浙江大学 | Laser radar and method for detecting biological optical characteristic profile of water body |
| CN114924290B (en) * | 2022-04-02 | 2024-06-04 | 北京遥测技术研究所 | Detection method of atmospheric ocean detection laser radar and relay optical system |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101071171A (en) * | 2007-06-06 | 2007-11-14 | 中国科学院安徽光学精密机械研究所 | Dualwavelength dual-field Mie scattering laser radar structure and its detecting method |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101118284A (en) * | 2007-07-30 | 2008-02-06 | 大连海事大学 | Spilled oil monitoring technology system of marine radar |
| CN204083823U (en) * | 2014-09-19 | 2015-01-07 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一九研究所 | Based on the pipeline under the ocean leak detecting device of underwater unmanned vehicle |
| CN108104807A (en) * | 2017-12-16 | 2018-06-01 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of ocean oil and gas resource exploration system and its application method |
-
2018
- 2018-11-02 CN CN201811303361.8A patent/CN109298410B/en active Active
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101071171A (en) * | 2007-06-06 | 2007-11-14 | 中国科学院安徽光学精密机械研究所 | Dualwavelength dual-field Mie scattering laser radar structure and its detecting method |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 多通道海洋荧光激光雷达溢油监测系统;赵朝方 等;《红外与激光工程》;20110731;第40卷(第7期);1263-1269 * |
| 视场可调节海洋激光雷达实验系统研制与ICCD激光荧光实验研究;李晓龙;《中国博士学位论文全文数据库（信息科技辑）》;20140131;I136-110 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109298410A (en) | 2019-02-01 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN109298410B (en) | Ocean oil spill detection laser radar | |
| US11467269B2 (en) | Laser detection and ranging device for detecting an object under a water surface | |
| EP2866047B1 (en) | A detection system for detecting an object on a water surface | |
| US7683928B2 (en) | Lidar with streak-tube imaging, including hazard detection in marine applications; related optics | |
| US20160266246A1 (en) | A system for monitoring a maritime environment | |
| CN112526482B (en) | Satellite-borne laser near-coast terrain detection laser radar and detection method | |
| CN105738972A (en) | Underwater detection system and underwater detection method | |
| CN201503495U (en) | Eye safety airport wind shear laser radar system device | |
| CN110673159A (en) | Unmanned aerial vehicle active radar hyperspectral detection system and method for marine environment monitoring | |
| CN107976686B (en) | Multi-field angle ocean laser radar and field angle preference method thereof | |
| CN109298431B (en) | Three-band airborne laser radar system | |
| CN217639539U (en) | Ocean laser radar system | |
| CN110161280A (en) | Mixing detection Doppler lidar wind velocity measurement system and its measurement method | |
| CN205787179U (en) | A kind of undersea detection system | |
| RU2692121C2 (en) | Method of lidar probing and device for its implementation | |
| Hu | Theory and technology of laser imaging based target detection | |
| Wei et al. | Design of three-channel optical receiving system for dual-frequency laser radar | |
| Tan et al. | Overview of Chinese and American marine airborne LiDAR | |
| Mori et al. | Dynamic analysis of sea wave data measured by LED lidar | |
| RU2529732C1 (en) | System for detecting objects | |
| Carswell et al. | Lidar imagery–from simple snapshots to mobile 3D panoramas | |
| Xu et al. | Overview of ocean bathymetric LiDAR | |
| Yu et al. | The current state of development in underwater lidar detection | |
| Cassidy | Airborne laser mine detection systems | |
| Kervern et al. | Airborne laser bathymetry: a novel technique for shallow-water monitoring |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |