CN1269964A

CN1269964A - Quantitative irrigation method

Info

Publication number: CN1269964A
Application number: CN 99101978
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨录山; 李小泉
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1999-04-08
Filing date: 1999-04-08
Publication date: 2000-10-18

Abstract

A water-saving irrigation technique for perennial crops such as orchard and vineyard features that a film is buried by the depth of 0.8-1.2 m from ground surface to make the film become arc shape in transverse direction and horizontal in longitudinal direction, the water canals are arranged between plants, the ground is covered by stalks, or straw, or film, and the water quantity for irrigation is 30-35 cu.m/per mu. Its advantages are high effect on saving water, less investment, simple management and operation and long service life.

Description

The method of quantitative irrigation

The present invention relates to the method for the water-saving irrigation technique, particularly a kind of quantitative irrigation of perennial crops such as orchard, vineyard.

Irrigation method for perennial crops such as orchard, vineyaries adopts drip irrigation technique more at present, and this technology water-saving result is good, but comes with some shortcomings: 1. investment is big; 2. only adapt to the certain scale area; 3. be no more than 20 years service life; 4. the administrative skill height of auxiliary facility; 5. need the pressurization of secondary power source; 6. to the requirements in water quality height, the water yield will be stablized.

The objective of the invention is at the method that a kind of quantitative irrigation of irrigating the deficiency of technology and providing is provided, not only water-saving result is good, small investment importantly, long service life is adapted to all irrigation water, and bookkeeping is easily understood, just promote, not tight to the soil property requirement, scale is not limit, and individual plant also can be implemented.

The object of the present invention is achieved like this: can directly utilize the existing channel diversion in irrigated area, characteristics are that the canopy film is buried at dark 0.8～1.2 meter underground on the crop root face of land, horizontal camber, arc radius is 0.7～1.0 meter, arc is 03～0.5 meter along height at the bottom of arc, the arc bore is wide 1.3～1.6 meters, vertically is level at the bottom of the film; Between crop plant except that conveyance canal on the face of land topped crop tangerine bar or the shop film; Once every mu of irrigation quantity is 30～35 cubic metres; Vertically sectional level at the bottom of the film is lifted the canopy film in segmentation place, and the low bank of earth between fields of building a height under the film and be 0.2～0.4 meter is the wall that blocks water.

The present invention starts with the surface evaporation and the seepage that prevent and reduce water, below cut the method for loam cake quantifying irrigation, reach the water saving purpose, both invested little, bookkeeping is simple, and long service life is adapted to all irrigation water again, be convenient to promote, so at irrigated area, northwest development perennial crop apple, grape, spill cultivation such as flower and adapt to very much.

Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a vertical section schematic diagram of the present invention.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is further described: the root system of perennial crop 95% is distributed in deeply 0.5 more than～0.7 meter, also be the main position of Crop water and nutrient, lower section is by the Different Crop root Be that canopy film 2 is buried at 1 dark 0.8～1.2 meter, the face of land underground, horizontal camber, arc radius is 0.7～1.0 meter, Arc is 0.3～0.5 meter along height at the bottom of arc, and the arc bore is wide 1.3～1.6 meters, vertically wants level at the bottom of the film, if Landform is limited, and the sectional level in segmentation place, is lifted canopy film 2, and building a height under the film is 0.2～0.4 meter The low bank of earth between fields be the wall 4 that blocks water. Below the crop root system, form like this one application of anti-leakage layers, prevent from leaking under the moisture content, Water is stored in the above soil 6 of film, has prolonged moisture content retention time in soil 6. Owing to quantitatively pour water, Surplus water is few after making the interior soil saturation of arc mould, if superfluous water is arranged, oozes profit from film along above both sides, still exists Crop root system range also can utilize. More than the arc film, also have certain thickness soil layer can not form length The water saturation of time does not affect plant growth. Loam cake is that the perennial crops such as orchard, vineyard are being planted Between strain except conveyance canal 5, topped crop tangerine bar vaporization prevention, but also spreading vaporization prevention, pure sand ground can be not Topped. Timing irrigation is exactly to the perennial crops such as orchard, vineyard every mu of irrigation quantity 30～35 once Cubic meter can the above soil of whole moistening films, five water of annual filling, 175 cubic metres of every mu of total irrigation quantities About.

Embodiment:

For ease of pouring water, easily grasp irrigation quantity, according to different soils, crop, between the above plant of rete, dig dark 0.3～0.5 meter, the hole that wide length is 0.4～2 meter, the size in hole, the depth can be irritated the water several times test through on the spot, revise again and determine, filling crop tangerine bar in the hole, fertilising also can directly impose in the hole.As: the orchard that spacing in the rows is three meters, can between spacing in the rows, dig long 2 meters, wide 1 meter, dark 0.3 meter filling pond cover crop tangerine bar.If spreading can be punched on film, so that infiltration downwards.Grape is little apart from strain, can dig 0.5 meter of diameter between spacing in the rows, dark 0.5 meter hole, and filling crop tangerine bar in the hole, it is better to repave hole-ground film on the crop tangerine bar.Crop tangerine bar will tamp in the hole, otherwise the hole, back of pouring water can subside.Pure sand ground because of the sand infiltration is fast, does not evaporate, and it is topped to dig pit.

Comparative trial factually: under the situation that guarantees the plant growth unanimity, 473 cubic metres/mu of routine orchard year irrigation quantities, adopt year of the present invention 190 cubic metres/mu of irrigation quantities, newly-built conventional vineyard year 315 cubic metres/mu of irrigation quantities, adopt year of the present invention 124 cubic metres/mu of irrigation quantities, water saving is about 60%.In water saving, also reduce the loss of fertilizer, be beneficial to soil melioration, enlarged the soil and utilized scope.

Claims

1. the method for a quantitative irrigation can directly be utilized the existing channel diversion in irrigated area, it is characterized in that:

A. bury canopy film (2) underground at the crop root face of land (1) dark 0.8～1.2 meter, horizontal camber, arc radius is 0.7～1.0 meter, and arc is 0.3～0.5 meter along height at the bottom of arc, and the arc bore is wide 1.3～1.6 meters, vertically is level at the bottom of the film;

B. between crop plant except that conveyance canal (5), the face of land (1) goes up topped crop tangerine bar or shop film (3);

C. once every mu of irrigation quantity is 30～35 cubic metres.

2. irrigation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that sectional level at the bottom of vertical film, lifts canopy film (2) in segmentation place, and the low bank of earth between fields of building a height under the film and be 0.2～0.4 meter is the wall that blocks water (4).