CN1261767A - 含有杀虫剂的制剂 - Google Patents
含有杀虫剂的制剂 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1261767A CN1261767A CN98806728A CN98806728A CN1261767A CN 1261767 A CN1261767 A CN 1261767A CN 98806728 A CN98806728 A CN 98806728A CN 98806728 A CN98806728 A CN 98806728A CN 1261767 A CN1261767 A CN 1261767A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/18—Vapour or smoke emitting compositions with delayed or sustained release
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N53/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing cyclopropane carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及以聚合物为基础的杀虫剂制剂,其制备方法以及其防治室内昆虫的用途。新的制剂的特征在于其含有掺入到合适的聚合物中的至少一种类型的杀虫剂。该制剂能够以控制的方式在给定温度下释放杀虫剂,而不用改变其形式和可见的外观。
Description
本发明涉及含有杀虫剂的制剂,其制备方法和其防治昆虫的用途。
以加热装置为基础的昆虫防治系统越来越受到欢迎。它们以将合适的材料例如纤维素或棉花板,石棉或陶瓷浸入杀虫剂活性物质的原理为基础。然后这些浸透的载体材料可以切割成任何类型的有形物品,优选片形(下面称之为“蒸发器片剂”),其在高温下散发出活性物质。
这些杀虫剂通过加热装置产生105℃和190℃之间的温度的作用而挥发。类似的原理形成了其中杀虫剂被掺入凝胶制剂的凝胶改进剂的基础。
DE-A19605581公开了以聚合物为基础并且在高温下散发出活性物质的杀虫剂组合物。作为可能的活性物质提到各种拟除虫菊酯。尽管这些组合物符合很多实际要求,但是仍然需要改进。特别是期望制剂延迟耗尽,这样使用者就不需要经常变换有形物品。然而,为了延长组合物的寿期,材料-活性物质和聚合物一定要还能够经受住相关的温度压力;此外,聚合物一定要能够适应相对高比例的活性物质而不会出现后者在室温下不期望地散发。因此,本发明的目的是提供具有均匀活性物质释放特性和最大作用期限的含有杀虫剂的制剂。
现已令人惊奇地发现,其中如果其含有无机聚集体(Zuschlagstoff)和/或如果聚合物是聚-4-甲基戊烯,则杀虫剂包埋在聚合物中的制剂极好地达到本发明目的。
因此,本发明涉及以下面为基础的制剂
A)至少一种在升高的温度下释放的拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂和
B)至少一种具有软化范围在100℃和300℃之间,优选在150℃和250℃之间,更优选在150℃和200℃之间的聚合物,
特征在于其含有无机聚集体和/或在于聚合物是聚-4-甲基戊烯。
软化范围在非晶态热塑性聚合物情况下是玻璃化温度,在半晶质聚合物情况下是熔点。另外,混合物中可以掺入其它的添加剂(Zustze),例如稳定剂,着色剂或香料和常规有机或无机助剂。
优选用作拟除虫菊酯活性化合物的是:
1)3-烯丙基-2-甲基-环戊-2-烯-4-酮-1-基-d/l-顺/反-菊酸酯(烯丙菊酯/Pynamine),
2)3-烯丙基-2-甲基-环戊-2-烯-4-酮-1-基-d-顺/反-菊酸酯(Pynamine forte),
3)3-烯丙基-2-甲基-环戊-2-烯-4-酮-1-基-d-反-菊酸酯(生物烯丙菊酯(Bioallethrin)),
4)(+)-1R-反-2,2-二甲基-3-(2,2-二氯乙烯基)-环丙烷羧酸2,3,5,6-四氟苄基酯(transfluthrin,Bayothrin),
5)(S)-3-炔丙基-2-甲基-环戊-2-烯-4-酮-1-基-(1R)-顺/反-菊酸酯(炔酮菊酯/Etoc),
或者这些活性化合物的混合物。
特别优选活性化合物3-烯丙基-2-甲基-环戊-2-烯-4-酮-1-基-d-顺/反-菊酸酯(Pynamine forte)和(+)-1R-反-2,2-二甲基-3-(2,2-二氯乙烯基)-环丙烷羧酸2,3,5,6-四氟苄基酯(transfluthrin)。
优选的聚合物材料是可以热塑性加工,即作为粘性熔化物,并且其软化范围低于要掺入的活性化合物的常压下的沸点的非晶态和半晶质聚合物和这两种的混合物。选择用于所研究的活性化合物的聚合物,以使得活性化合物与聚合物至少部分可混溶。
优选的合适的聚合物是:
PVC(SOFT),聚苯乙烯,苯乙烯/丁二烯,苯乙烯/丙烯腈,丙烯腈/丁二烯/苯乙烯,聚甲基丙烯酸酯,非晶态聚环烯烃类,纤维素酯类,芳香聚碳酸酯,非晶态芳香聚酰胺,聚亚苯基醚类,聚(醚)砜,聚酰亚胺类,聚乙烯,聚丙烯,聚丁烯,聚甲基戊烯,PVC(HARD),聚酰胺,聚醚酰胺,聚酯酰胺,聚氧化亚甲基,聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯,聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯,聚酰亚胺,聚醚(醚)酮和聚氨酯。
优选的混合物是,例如:
聚碳酸酯与聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯的混合物,聚酰胺-6与苯乙烯/丙烯腈的混合物,聚丙烯和聚甲基戊烯的混合物。
特别优选的是聚丙烯,聚-4-甲基-1-戊烯及其混合物。
本发明优选涉及下面混合物的制剂,包括
A.0.1-80%,优选0.2-40%,特别是0.5-20%,尤其是1-12%重量的transfluthrin
和
B.99.9-20%,优选99.8-60%,特别是99.5-80%,尤其是99-88%重量的聚-4-甲基-1-戊烯,其又可以用其它聚-α-烯烃替换其重量的最多一半,优选最多三分之一,特别是最多四分之一,
其中,百分比在各种情况下以组分A+B之和为基础。transfluthrin及其制备方法从DE-A3705224(=EP-B279325)中已知。
聚-4-甲基-1-戊烯B是一种聚合物,优选具有50-60℃的玻璃化转变温度,根据Vicat(ASTM D 1525)测定的软化温度是140-180℃,优选170-175℃,根据ASTM D 1238测定的熔体指数(260℃/5kg)是20-200,优选22-35[g/10min],已知其可以通过聚合4-甲基-1-戊烯制备。
可以部分替换聚-4-甲基-1-戊烯的合适的聚-α-烯烃主要是聚乙烯类,聚丙烯类,聚丁烯类和聚异丁烯类,还有作为所述聚合物基础的α-烯烃的共聚物例如乙烯-丙烯共聚物。优选的聚丙烯类包括异-和/或间同立构聚丙烯类,优选地具有根据Vicat(ISO306)测定的130-170℃,优选140-160℃的软化温度和根据ISO1133测定的20-40,优选25-35[g/10min]的熔体指数(230℃/2kg)。
在也使用“其它”聚-α-烯烃的范围内,聚-4-甲基-1-戊烯/聚-α-烯烃的重量比可以是70∶30至99∶1,优选80∶20至95∶5。
除了组分A和B外,本发明的制剂可以含有另外的有机和/或无机添加剂,例如填充剂,着色剂,稳定剂,香味剂。
本发明的杀虫组合物可以借助于抗氧化剂通过将作为添加剂的UV吸收剂混合到制剂中来稳定。合适的UV吸收剂是所有已知的UV吸收剂。
优选使用苯酚衍生物,例如丁基羟基甲苯(BHT),丁基羟基苯甲醚(BHA),双酚衍生物,芳基胺,例如苯基-α-萘基胺,苯基-β-萘基胺,氨基苯乙醚和丙酮的缩聚物或者类似物或者二苯酮类。
可能使用着色剂,例如无机颜料,例如氧化铁,氧化钛,普鲁士蓝和染料,例如茜素染料,偶氮染料和金属酞菁染料。
可以加入到本发明的制剂中的合成香料的实施例是:
蒎烯,1,8-萜二烯和类似的烃类;3,3,5-三甲基环己醇,里哪醇,香叶醇,橙花醇,香茅醇,薄荷醇,冰片,冰片烯基甲氧基环己醇,苯甲醇,甲氧苯基醇,肉桂醇,β-苯基乙基醇,顺-3-己醇,萜品醇和类似的醇;茴香脑,麝香二甲苯,异丁子香酚,甲基丁子香酚和类似的酚类;α-戊基肉桂醛,茴香醛,正丁醛,枯茗醛,cyclamenaldehyde,癸醛,异丁醛,己醛,庚醛,正壬醛,壬二烯醇,柠檬醛,香茅醛,羟基香茅醛,苯甲醛,甲基壬基乙醛,肉桂醛,十二烷醛,α-己基肉桂醛,十一烷醛,胡椒醛,香草醛,乙基香草醛和类似的醛,甲基戊基酮,甲基β-萘基酮,甲基壬基酮,麝香酮,二乙酰基,乙酰基丙酰基,乙酰基丁酰基,香芹酮,methone,樟脑,乙酰苯酮,对-甲基乙酰苯酮,芷香酮,甲基芷香酮和类似的酮;正戊基-丁内酯,二苯醚,缩水甘油酸甲基苯酯,壬内酯,香豆素,桉树脑,缩水甘油酸乙基甲基苯基酯和类似的内酯或氧化物,甲酸甲酯,甲酸异丙酯,甲酸里哪醇酯,乙酸乙酯,乙酸辛酯,乙酸甲酯,乙酸苯甲酯,乙酸肉桂醇酯,丙酸丁酯,乙酸异戊酯,异丁酸异丙酯,异戊酸香叶醇酯,己酸烯丙酯,庚酸丁酯,癸酸辛酯,庚炔羧酸甲酯,辛炔羧酸甲酯,癸酸异戊酯,月桂酸甲酯,十四烷酸乙酯,十四烷酸甲酯,苯甲酸乙酯,苯甲酸苯甲酯,甲基甲基(carbinyl)苯基乙酸酯,异丁基苯基乙酸酯,肉桂酸甲酯,苏合香英,水杨酸甲酯,茴香酸乙酯,氨茴酸甲酯,戊酸乙酯,α-丁基丁酸乙酯,丙酸苄酯,乙酸丁酯,丁酸丁酯,对-叔丁基环己基乙酸酯,乙酸癸酯,乙酸香茅醇酯,甲酸香茅醇酯,乙酸对甲苯酯,丁酸乙酯,己酸乙酯,肉桂酸乙酯,乙基苯基乙酸酯,十三烷二酸亚乙酯,乙酸香叶醇酯,甲酸香叶醇酯,水杨酸异戊酯,戊酸异戊酯,乙酸异冰片酯,乙酸里哪醇酯,氨茴酸甲酯,二氢茉莉酸甲酯(methy dihydrojasmonate),乙酸壬酯,乙酸β-苯基乙酯,乙酸三氯亚甲基苯基甲基(carbinyl)酯,乙酸萜品酯,乙酸韦惕蔚醇酯(vetiveryl acetat)及类似的酯。
制剂一般含有0.1和80%重量之间,优选0.2和40%重量之间,特别优选1.0和20%重量之间的活性化合物。
可以使用的聚集体包括改性剂和/或填充剂和加强材料和/或加工助剂,例如成核剂,增塑剂,脱模剂,耐火剂,冲击强度改性剂,稳定剂或者常规用于热塑的其它添加剂。优选使用在《聚合物科学和工程百科全书》(Encyclopaedia of Polymer Science andEngineering)Vol.7,pp.53-73(1985)中描述的填充剂。
使用的填充剂和加强材料可以是矿物质,例如石膏,石灰,玻璃纤维或沙,优选玻璃纤维。
聚集体的量可以在很在范围内变化,一般基于本发明制剂计为1-80,优选0.2-50,尤其是0.5-30重量%。
本发明的制剂可以通过将颗粒或粉末状的聚合物B加入到合适的捏和机或挤压机中并且将其增塑而制备。在对于聚合物是典型的增塑作用条件和温度下,可以利用合适的计量装置直接向聚合物熔体中加入活性物质A,并且均匀分布。
聚合物的增塑作用可以在捏和机(Banbury,Werner&Pfleiderer)中发生,包括特定的捏和机,还可以在可变化的剪切辊挤压机和单螺杆和双螺杆挤压机中进行。
剪切辊挤压机主要用于批量生产,而使用单螺杆和/或双螺杆挤压机或Buss KO-捏和机能连续掺入活性物质。用于掺入活性物质的合适的挤压机或捏和机以摩擦原理为基础;在螺杆水平方向和逆向运动期间产生摩擦热。螺杆螺纹深度,沟槽宽度,旋转方向的螺旋角可以不同,取决于聚合物/活性物质混合物。可以通过捏和时间和挤压机螺杆的长度/直径之比调整均匀化质量。
为了获得用于热塑性加工生产模压化合物的均匀产物,建议以下面的形式计量加入:优选以颗粒或粉末形式加入聚合物。
根据要求的精度,借助于体积或重量计量装置,可以加入固体或液体形式(作为熔体或溶液)的活性物质。体积计量装置包括螺杆,星状,旋转式和振动斜槽加料器。重量计量装置是例如配比带式称物机或差动定量重量加料器。对于自由流动的聚合物颗粒(粒度>50μm),最好使用振动斜槽加料器,螺旋杆或叶片螺杆和带式作为计量装置。粉末粒度在10和50μm之间的活性物质可以象液体一样处理和可以优选使用“小室系统”计量加入,例如多孔轮槽或者双牵引螺杆。活性物质可以以一步或多步添加到挤压机的填料区或者再下游。为了避免生成第二次结块,优选计量进入到聚合物熔体中。
液体活性物质可以例如加到预混器(加热/冷却混合器)中。蜡样的活性物质首先在60-80℃下熔融并且在供给挤压机之前贮存在恒温容器中。液体活性物质可以用齿轮泵,小螺杆泵或者单活塞或多活塞泵计量加入。优选是熔体在压力下的时候供给挤压机。熔体压力应该高于在各熔融温度时活性物质的蒸汽压,因为否则形成蒸汽和泡沫。在注入点,压力应该沿着螺杆杆尖的方向下降-换句话说,压力梯度应该是负的-使得加入的活性物质不能从上游“压出”。若使用较大量的活性物质并且聚合物和液体活性物质之间的粘度差异很大,则同时两个或多个位点注射液体是有利的。在热敏活性物质情况下,通过该方法可以使活性物质在熔体内更快地分散。重要的因素是液体活性物质尽可能直接包埋到熔体中而不只是在内筒壁边缘注入。可以通过降低加入速度而避免在筒壁形成低粘度液体膜;否则,运送将受到不利影响,或者在单螺杆挤压机情况下甚至可以崩溃。在这种情况下,可以使用喷射到螺杆槽中的注射阀。螺杆螺纹则在注射位点中断。所有费用中要避免的情况是,当计量泵关掉时聚合物熔体渗透到注射阀中和进入加料管线,当计量泵再次接通时固化和阻止液体加料。为了避免该作用,可以使用其中止逆阀直接位于出口上的特殊弹簧加压止逆阀。
关于通过混合掺入,对于液体活性物质的过程原则上与对于固体活性物质的相同。但是,因为计量的液体大多数是在粘度比聚合物熔体低得多的情况下,其在匀化过程中不产生不一致的问题。基本上只需要被分散。环形混合装置适合该目的,因为其带来多种变化的不一致性和各层的扩散。利用螺旋运输机和模之间装置的静态混合装置也能实现恒定的混合质量。
液体或固体活性物质的计量也可以以活性物质浓缩物形式进行。浓缩物是包括以高浓度包埋在载体物质中的活性物质的中间体。这种情况下的载体物质可以是聚合物B或者一种与聚合物B不相混溶的材料(聚合物,填料)。为了最终使用,该产物通过混合其它聚合物颗粒又稀释到期望的低浓度。这种形式中的高度浓缩的活性物质具有容易计量要建立的不同浓度活性物质浓缩物的功能。通常,这些“母炼胶”是颗粒形式。
含有活性物质的聚合物可以通过各种各样的方法造粒。例如,对挤出的和完全或部分冷却的股进行切割(股造粒法),或者当其在模中形成时在模头之前直接切割热的熔体(例如水冷却的模面造粒法)。
制备的含有活性物质的颗粒可以进一步热塑加工得到模制品,或者可以用其它聚合物加工成成形混合物(母炼胶)。
可以使用对于塑料使用的常规技术进行成型,例如通过注塑,挤压吹塑,薄膜技塑或者热成型。
因此,本发明另外提供了通过混合各组分并将得到的混合物成型来制备本发明的制剂的方法。
本发明的制剂可以以例如用于纤维素蒸发器片剂的常规蒸发器中的蒸发器片剂的形式使用。操作温度是60-180℃,优选130-170℃,确保长期地相对均匀地将活性物质释放到周围。
本发明还提供了本发明的制剂防治例如蝇和蚊的昆虫的用途。
实施例中的百分比在各种情况下是重量比。
实施例
使用的起始物:
1.购自Mitsui的聚-4-甲基-1-戊烯(聚甲基戊烯TPX RT18)
2.聚丙烯(购自Hoechst AG的Hostalen PPV2080,PPV2700L,PPV2780L)。
3.二氧化钛(购自Bayer AG的Bayer Titan RFK-2)。
实施例1
活性化合物掺和到各种聚合物中
使用双挡计量挤压机(挤压机类型:35/17D,挤压机冷却:空气,入口冷却:水,3mm圆挤压机模,4个电加热加热区)进行掺和。
使用天平将聚合物颗粒计量加入到各个温度下的挤压机中。活性化合物在用水蒸气加热的贮存容器中被加热,并且使用齿轮型计量泵加入。输出量调节到总共6kg/h。
卸料的聚合物挤出物在水浴中冷却,然后在造粒机中造粒。颗粒在大约50℃下在水泵真空下干燥。
实施例 | 聚合物 | 活性化合物 | 加热区温度[℃] | 模 | 转矩 | 压力 | 转数 | |||
% | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | [mm] | [Nm] | [bar] | [1/min] | ||
1.1 | TPXRT18 | 3.4 | 270 | 280 | 280 | 280 | 3.0 | 16 | 12 | 60 |
1.2 | TPXRT18 | 2.0 | 270 | 280 | 280 | 280 | 3.0 | 18 | 16 | 60 |
1.3 | TPXRT18 | 1.0 | 270 | 280 | 280 | 280 | 3.0 | 19 | 15 | 60 |
1.4 | TPXRT18 | 1.5 | 270 | 280 | 280 | 280 | 3.0 | 19 | 16 | 60 |
1.5 | TPXRT18/玻璃纤维 | 0.95 | 270 | 270 | 270 | 270 | 3.0 | 27 | 23 | 40 |
1.6 | TPXRT18/玻璃纤维 | 1.35 | 270 | 270 | 270 | 270 | 3.0 | 27 | 23 | 40 |
1.7 | PP/玻璃纤维 | 4.0 | 240 | 250 | 250 | 250 | 3.0 | 26 | 21 | 60 |
1.8 | PP/矿物 | 4.0 | 240 | 250 | 250 | 250 | 3.0 | 23-24 | 17 | 60 |
1.9 | PP/矿物 | 4.0 | 180 | 190 | 190 | 190 | 3.0 | 18 | 19 | 60 |
*TPXRT18 聚甲基戊烯
**PP Hostalen PPV 2080
No.1.9 Hostalen PPV 2700L
实施例2
有和没有聚集体的比较
称重的样品放在加热器中间并且一旦加热装置接通,则每2小时精确称重一次。进行测定,直到达到计算的使用时间是10小时。
加热装置:Baygon Muckenfrei Heizgerat,Standard Germany,具有固定电阻器,155℃。
样品:34×22×2.5mm
周期:2-10小时
实施例序号 | 材料 | 大小mm | 制备实施例 | 重量的减少,mg | ||||
2h | 4h | 6h | 8h | 10h | ||||
2.1 | 聚甲基戊烯(TRXRT18) | 34×22×2 5 | 33.5 | 47.5 | 52.0 | 59.0 | 63.0 | |
2.2 | 聚甲基戊烯/20%玻璃纤维 | 34×22×2.5 | 23.9 | 45.7 | 56.6 | 63.9 | 70.4 |
有和没有加入20%玻璃纤维的聚甲基戊烯的比较表明蒸发量的显著增加。
实施例3
不同大小的比较
称重的样品放在加热器中间并且一旦加热装置接通,则每2小时精确称重一次。进行测定,直到达到计算的样品使用时间是10小时。
加热装置:Baygon Muckenfrei Heizgerat,Standard Germany,具有固定电阻器,155℃(实施例3.1和3.2)。
带有PTC电阻器的Baygon Electrico Heater Brazil,155℃(实施例3.3和3.4)。
活性化合物:transfluthrin(1.3%)
周期:2-10小时
实施例序号 | 材料 | 大小mm | 制备实施例 | 重量的减少,mg | ||||
2h | 4h | 6h | 8h | 10h | ||||
3.1 | 聚甲基戊烯 | 34×22×2.5 | 33.5 | 47.5 | 52.0 | 59.0 | 63.0 | |
3.2 | 聚甲基戊烯/20%玻璃纤维 | 34×22×2.5 | 23.9 | 45.7 | 56.6 | 63.9 | 70.4 | |
3.3 | 聚甲基戊烯 | 40×18×2.5 | 23.5 | 30 | 34 | 38 | 43 | |
3.4 | 聚甲基戊烯/20%玻璃纤维 | 40×18×2.5 | 20.0 | 36.1 | 42.0 | 45.2 | 46.1 |
在该实施例中,加入20%玻璃纤维也带来改进的蒸发性质。该效果在Brazil型40mm×18mm×2.5mm中比在34mm×22mm×2.5mm型中更显著。
实施例4
不同活性化合物含量的比较
称重的样品放在加热器中间并且一旦加热装置接通,则每2小时精确称重一次。进行测定,直到达到计算的样品使用时间是10小时。
加热装置:Baygon Muckenfrei Heizgerat,Standard Germany,具有固定电阻器,155℃。
样品:34×22×2.5mm
周期:2-10小时
实施例序号 | 材料 | 活性化合物 | 制备实施例 | 以%表示的重量的相对减少(总含量=100%) | ||||
2h | 4h | 6h | 8h | 10h | ||||
4.1 | 聚甲基戊烯/20%玻璃纤维 | 0.95%transfluthrin | 28.4 | 37.5 | 47.5 | 50.6 | 55.0 | |
4.2 | 聚甲基戊烯/20%玻璃纤维 | 1.3%transfluthrin | 23.9 | 45.7 | 56.6 | 63.9 | 70.4 |
活性化合物浓度的增加导致更高释放速度,因此降低了残留量。
实施例5
聚丙烯中的聚集体(100℃变形)
称重的样品放在加热器中间并且一旦加热装置接通,则每10小时精确称重一次。进行测定,直到达到计算的样品使用时间是70-80小时。
温度:115℃
DBK加热装置,具有PTC的GD型。
样品:6.25cm2
周期:1×10小时/天
期限:7天
实施例序号 | 活性化合物的量(mg) | 聚合物 | 厚度mm | 10hmg/h | 20hmg/h | 40hmg/h | 60hmg/h | 70hmg/h | 总的释放(%) |
5.1 | 47 | PP,没有添加剂 | 2 | 1.26 | 0.61 | 0.34 | 0.26 | 0.26 | 80 |
5.2 | 50 | PP+玻璃纤维 | 2 | 1.72 | 0.73 | 0.37 | 0.26 | 0.26 | 90 |
实施例6
制备蒸发器片剂
通过在Arburg320-210-850机器上注塑来进行成型,单螺杆直径35mm,螺杆载量大约125g(相当于5粒),反转温度曲线为250℃(模)265℃/270℃/280℃,并且一个周期时间是15秒。模温是30℃;冷加工模,12-倍,使用管道闸。开始运转时造出10粒,每粒25g。产物在50℃下干燥15小时。
实施例 | 成分 | 含量[%] |
经几天使用的蒸发器片剂 | ||
6.1. | 聚甲基戊烯Transfluthrin丁基化的羟基甲苯 | 92.96.60.5 |
6.2. | 聚甲基戊烯Transfluthrin丁基化的羟基甲苯 | 91.28.30.5 |
经一夜使用的蒸发器片剂 | ||
6.3. | 聚甲基戊烯聚丙烯Transfluthrin二氧化钛丁基化的羟基甲苯Colorant Sudan Blue 670 | 83.014.61.321.00.060.01 |
6.4. | 聚甲基戊烯Transfluthrin丁基化的羟基甲苯 | 97.92.00.1 |
实施例7
通过本发明的制剂释放活性物质
重量法测定活性物质的释放。称重的试验样品放在冷加热装置(用于Baygon蒸发器片剂的常规商售的FALP标准加热装置)的中心,并且各周期后精确称重。进行测定,直到试验样品重量不再减少。
试验样品的大小:34mm×23mm×2.5mm
周期期限:8小时/天
实施例7.1
来自实施例6.1的制剂经7个周期的释放速度
持续时间[h] | 周期 | 释放[mg/h] |
8 | 1 | 5.6875 |
16 | 2 | 2.2125 |
24 | 3 | 1.4125 |
32 | 4 | 1.0625 |
40 | 5 | 0.8 |
48 | 6 | 0.7 |
56 | 7 | 0.4375 |
实施例7.2
来自实施例6.2的制剂经7个周期的释放速度
持续时间[h] | 周期 | 释放[mg/h] |
8 | 1 | 7.2 |
16 | 2 | 2.9375 |
24 | 3 | 2.0375 |
32 | 4 | 1.3125 |
40 | 5 | 1.1125 |
48 | 6 | 0.9125 |
56 | 7 | 0.5875 |
实施例7.3
来自实施例6.3的制剂经1个10小时的周期的累计释放速度
持续时间[h] | 试验a(以mg表示的释放) | 试验b(以mg表示的释放) | 平均值(以mg表示的释放) |
2 | 3.54 | 3.06 | 3.3 |
4 | 6.03 | 5.18 | 5.605 |
6 | 7.45 | 7 | 7.225 |
8 | 8.9 | 8.12 | 8.51 |
10 | 9.69 | 9.8 | 9.745 |
实施例7.4来自实施例6.4的制剂经1个10小时的周期的累计释放速度
持续时间[h] | 试验a(以mg表示的释放) | 试验b(以mg表示的释放) | 平均值(以mg表示的释放) |
2 | 5.2 | 5.4 | 5.3 |
4 | 7.5 | 7.1 | 7.3 |
6 | 9.6 | 8.5 | 9.1 |
8 | 10.8 | 8.7 | 9.8 |
10 | 10.7 | 10.1 | 10.4 |
实施例8
测试蒸发器片剂和长期蒸发器在34m3房间中抗飞虫的杀虫剂作用材料和方法
各个系统放置在空房子中心的地板上。在活塞形式(plugversions)情况下,系统被固定在30cm高度处。在离窄端1米距离处,高2m,拉上线,其上悬挂装有试验动物的金属丝篮。将门关闭。通过散热器调节温度。
早晨,开始操作各个蒸发器系统,同时房屋中悬挂2个各装有20只试验动物(3-4天龄)的金属线篮。在每小时间隔,最多8小时,室中悬挂另外的动物,并且每15分钟评价击倒效果。测定50%和100%击倒效果和24小时后的死亡率。该系统加热至多8小时,然后关闭。在长期蒸发器情况下,该系统一天再操作8小时,利用定时开关调节。
试验动物:
蚊:埃及伊蚊(Aedes aegypti)mf,敏感
五带淡色库蚊(Culex quinquefasciatus)mf,DDT-抗性
实施例8.1
34m3房间中来自实施例6.1和6.2的蒸发器片剂抗敏感性的埃及伊蚊种属的蚊子的杀虫作用
室温:21-27℃
相对空气湿度26-38%
试验天数时间(小时) | 昆虫暴露的时间(小时) | 加热器:Falp standard158℃来自实施例1.1.的片剂6.6%transfluthrin=108mg活性物质 | 加热器:Falp standard158℃来自实施例1.2.的片剂8.3%transfluthrin=136mg活性物质% | ||||||
用小时和分钟表示的击倒效果 | 9h*后的击倒效果 | 24h*后的死亡率 | 用小时和分钟表示的击倒效果 | 9h*后的击倒效果 | 24h*后的死亡率 | ||||
50% | 100% | 50% | 100% | ||||||
第一天8h | 012345678 | 14′2′2′2′2′2′2′2′2′ | 18′3′3′3′3′3′3′3′3′ | 100100100100100100100100100 | 100100100100100100100100100 | 15′2′2′2′2′2′2′2′2′ | 19′3′3′3′3′3′3′3′3′ | 100100100100100100100100100 | 100100100100100100100100100 |
第二天16h | 012345678 | 22′2′2′2′2′2′2′2′2′ | 36′3′3′3′3′3′4′3′3′ | 100100100100100100100100100 | 23′2′2′2′2′2′2′2′2′ | 33′3′3′3′3′3′3′3′3′ | 100100100100100100100100100 | ||
第五天40h | 012345678 | 45′5′28′35′7′5′5′5′6′ | 1h10′16′1h05′1h09′20′16′12′9′14′ | 100100100100100100100100100 | 100100100100100100100100100 | 41′6′33′32′7′5′4′5′7′ | 56′18′1h16′1h11′32′18′9′7′19′ | 100100100100100100100100100 | 100100100100100100100100100 |
第六天48h | 012345678 | 1h30′26′59′14′35′27′42′46′40′ | 2h13′1h14′1h24′1h20′1h15′1h07′1h14′>2h>1h | 1001001001001001001009063 | 100100100100100100100100100 | 1h14′23′11′15′26′10′11′14′8′ | 1h44′1h13′27′24′42′41′21′33′>1h | 10010010010010010010010098 | 100100100100100100100100100 |
*加热装置开始操作下列时间后的击倒效果/死亡率
实施例8.2
34m3房间中来自实施例6.1和6.2的蒸发器片剂抗敏感性的五带淡色库蚊种属的蚊子的杀虫作用
室温:21-27℃
相对空气湿度26-38%
试验天数时间(小时) | 昆虫暴露的时间(小时) | 加热器:来自实施例1.1.的片剂6.6%transfluthrin=108mg活性物质% | 加热器:158℃来自实施例1.2.的片剂8.3%transfluthrin=136mg活性物质% | ||||||
用小时和分钟表示的击倒效果 | 9h*后的击倒效果 | 24h*后的死亡率 | 用小时和分钟表示的击倒效果 | 9h*后的击倒效果 | 24h*后的死亡率 | ||||
50% | 100% | 50% | 100% | ||||||
第一天8h | 012345678 | 32′36′2527′29′23′39′25′24′ | 43′50′44′45′59′45′1h08′1h00′>1h | 10010010010010010010010080 | 100100100100100100100100100 | 34′30′29′33′31′33′30′14′22′ | 53′1h03′53′1h10′1h03′53′53′42′>1h | 10010010010010010010010090 | 100100100100100100100100100 |
第二天16h | 012345678 | 1h29′2h25′1h28′1h17′1h25′57′1h30′1h13′>1h | 2h00′3h00′1h50′2h28′2h23′1h48′>3h>2h>1h | 100100100100100100958023 | 1h22′1h38′1h35′1h03′1h05′48′1h12′1h18′>1h | 1h42′2h18′2h34′1h48′1h57′1h38′2h05′>2h>1h | 1001001001001001001007530 | ||
第五天40h | 012345678 | 6h25′5h20′>7h>6h>5h>4h>3h>2h>1h | >9h>8h>7h>6h>5h>4h>3h>2h>1h | 939338000000 | 100100907070432080 | 5h38′5h28′4h15′5h08′>5h>4h>3h>2h>1h | 7h13′6h43′>7h>6h>5h>4h>3h>2h>1h | 1001009870105000 | 10010010095854845300 |
第六天48h | 012345678 | >9h>8h>7h>6h>5h>4h>3h>2h>1h | >9h>8h>7h>6h>5h>4h>3h>2h>1h | 000000000 | 28100000000 | 5h53′4h43′3h28′>6h>5h>4h>3h>2h>1h | >9h>8h>7h>6h>5h>4h>3h>2h>1h | 839893482020500 | 9593936028302300 |
*加热装置开始操作下列时间后的击倒效果/死亡率
实施例8.3
34m3房间中来自实施例6.3的蒸发器片剂抗敏感性的埃及伊蚊种属的蚊子的杀虫活性
温度:22-25℃
相对大气湿度:15-31%
(三次试验的平均值)
试验小时 | FALP标准加热器来自实施例6.3的蒸发器片剂(1.32%Transfluthrin) | ||||
以分钟/小时表示的击倒作用 | 9h或24h后的死亡率% | ||||
10% | 50% | 100% | 9h* | 24h** | |
012345678 | 23′1′1′1′1′1′1′1′1′ | 27′2′2′2′2′2′2′2′2′ | 34′4′3′4′4′4′5′4′4′ | 100100100100100100100100100 | 100100100100100100100100100 |
*加热装置开始操作后9小时
**加热装置开始操作后24小时。
实施例8.4
34m3房间中来自实施例6.3的蒸发器片剂抗敏感性的五带淡色库蚊种属的蚊子的杀虫活性
温度:22-25℃
相对大气湿度:15-31%
(三次试验的平均值)
试验小时 | FALP标准加热器来自实施例6.3的蒸发器片剂(1.32%Transfluthrin) | ||||
以分钟/小时表示的击倒作用 | 9h或24h后的死亡率% | ||||
10% | 50% | 100% | 9h* | 24h** | |
012345678 | 1h46′1h10′1h01′1h20′1h12′1h08′59′>2h--- | 2h36′1h58′1h48′2h36′2h18′2h00′>3h------ | 3h44′3h28′3h38′4h36′3h40′------------ | 1001001001001009383445 | 1001001001001001001007727 |
*加热装置开始操作后9小时
**加热装置开始操作后24小时。
实施例8.5
34m3房间中来自实施例6.4的蒸发器片剂抗敏感性的埃及伊蚊种属蚊子的杀虫活性
温度:22-26℃
相对大气湿度:34-45%
(两次试验的平均值)
试验小时 | FALP标准加热器来自实施例6.4的蒸发器片剂(2%Transfluthrin) | ||||
以分钟/小时表示的击倒作用 | 9h或24h后的死亡率% | ||||
10% | 50% | 100% | 9h | 24h | |
012345678 | 20′1′1′1′1′1′1′1′3′ | 27′2′2′2′2′2′2′2′5′ | 31′3′3′3′3′3′4′5′8′ | 100100100100100100100100100 | 100100100100100100100100100 |
实施例8.6
34m3房间中来自实施例6.4的蒸发器片剂抗具有抗性的五带淡色库蚊种属的蚊子的杀虫活性
温度:22-26℃
相对大气湿度:34-45%
(两次试验的平均值)
试验小时 | FALP标准加热器来自实施例6.4的蒸发器片剂(2%Transfluthrin) | ||||
以分钟/小时表示的击倒作用 | 9h或24h后的死亡率% | ||||
10% | 50% | 100% | 9h | 24h | |
012345678 | 1h05′32′31′42′46′51′53′1h10′>1h | 1h27′55′1h00′1h23′1h19′1h36′1h40′>2h>1h | 2h12′1h49′2h13′2h25′2h29′2h48′>3h>2h>1h | 10010010010010010088452 | 100100100100100100987322 |
Claims (9)
1.以下面为基础的制剂
A)至少一种在升高的温度下释放的拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂和
B)至少一种具有软化点在100℃和300℃之间的聚合物,
其特征在于含有无机聚集体和/或在于聚合物是聚-4-甲基戊烯。
2.权利要求1的制剂,特征在于,其含有
3-烯丙基-2-甲基-环戊-2-烯-4-酮-1-基-d/l-顺/反-菊酸酯(烯丙菊酯/Pynamine),
3-烯丙基-2-甲基-环戊-2-烯-4-酮-1-基-d-顺/反-菊酸酯(Pynamine forte),
3-烯丙基-2-甲基-环戊-2-烯-4-酮-1-基-d-反-菊酸酯(生物烯丙菊酯(Bioallethrin)),
(+)-1R-反-2,2-二甲基-3-(2,2-二氯乙烯基)-环丙烷羧酸2,3,5,6-四氟苄基酯(transfluthrin,Bayothrin),或者这些活性化合物的混合物作为杀虫活性化合物。
3.权利要求1的制剂,特征在于,其含有(+)-1R-反-2,2-二甲基-3-(2,2-二氯乙烯基)-环丙烷羧酸2,3,5,6-四氟苄基酯(transfluthrin,Bayothrin)为杀虫剂。
4.权利要求1的制剂,特征在于其含有作为聚合物的PVC(SOFT),聚苯乙烯,苯乙烯/丁二烯共聚物,苯乙烯/丙烯腈共聚物,丙烯腈/丁二烯/苯乙烯共聚物,聚甲基丙烯酸酯,非晶态聚环烯烃类,纤维素酯类,芳香聚碳酸酯,非晶态芳香聚酰胺,聚亚苯基醚类,聚(醚)砜,聚酰亚胺类,聚乙烯,聚丙烯,聚丁烯,聚甲基戊烯,PVC(HARD),聚酰胺,聚醚酰胺,聚酯酰胺,聚氧化亚甲基,聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯,聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯,聚酰亚胺,聚醚(醚)酮和聚氨酯,聚碳酸酯与聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯的混合物,聚酰胺-6与苯乙烯/丙烯腈共聚物的混合物,聚丙烯和聚甲基戊烯的混合物或者提到的聚合物的混合物。
5.权利要求1的制剂,特征在于,其含有聚甲基戊烯作为聚合物。
6.权利要求1的杀虫剂组合物,特征在于,其含有矿物质,例如石膏,石灰,玻璃纤维或沙,作为无机聚集体。
7.权利要求1的制剂,包括含有下面物质的混合物
A.0.1-80%重量的transfluthrin,和
B.99.9-20%重量的聚-4-甲基-1-戊烯,其又可以被其它聚-α-烯烃替换其重量的最多一半,
其中,百分比在各种情况下以组分A+B之和为基础。
8.通过混合各组分并且将得到的混合物成型来制备权利要求1-7的制剂的方法。
9.权利要求1-7的制剂防治昆虫的用途。
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE1997127776 DE19727776A1 (de) | 1997-06-30 | 1997-06-30 | Insektizide Zusammensetzungen auf Basis von Polymeren in denen Zuschlagsstoffe eingearbeitet sind |
DE19727776.4 | 1997-06-30 | ||
DE1998116781 DE19816781A1 (de) | 1998-04-16 | 1998-04-16 | Insektizid-enthaltende Formulierungen |
DE19816781.4 | 1998-04-16 |
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CN1261767A true CN1261767A (zh) | 2000-08-02 |
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CN98806728A Pending CN1261767A (zh) | 1997-06-30 | 1998-06-17 | 含有杀虫剂的制剂 |
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US (1) | US20020136748A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0998196B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2002507216A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1261767A (zh) |
AR (1) | AR015920A1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU737599B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR9810384A (zh) |
DE (1) | DE59812037D1 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2230705T3 (zh) |
ID (1) | ID23928A (zh) |
WO (1) | WO1999001030A1 (zh) |
Cited By (2)
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CN107535517A (zh) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-01-05 | 广州立白企业集团有限公司 | 一种防虫缓释产品及其制备方法 |
CN113912946A (zh) * | 2020-07-10 | 2022-01-11 | 万华化学(宁波)有限公司 | 一种具有长效驱虫功能的聚丙烯复合材料及其制备方法和用途 |
Families Citing this family (8)
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DE19922406A1 (de) | 1999-05-14 | 2000-11-16 | Bayer Ag | Gefärbte Insektizid-haltige Zusammensetzungen |
EP2098119A1 (en) * | 2008-02-15 | 2009-09-09 | Sara Lee/DE N.V. | Sustained release insecticide composition |
EP2106696A1 (de) | 2008-04-04 | 2009-10-07 | Bayer CropScience AG | Materialien mit eingebetteten Insektiziden und Additiven |
BRPI0911145A8 (pt) * | 2008-04-04 | 2016-03-22 | Bayer Cropscience Ag | Materiais com inseticidas e aditivos incorporados |
KR20120112643A (ko) * | 2009-12-25 | 2012-10-11 | 스미또모 가가꾸 가부시끼가이샤 | 중합체 조성물 및 그것으로 성형한 성형품 |
EP2377399A1 (de) | 2010-04-15 | 2011-10-19 | Bayer Cropscience AG | Insektizidhaltiges Polymermaterial |
EP2377395A1 (de) * | 2010-04-15 | 2011-10-19 | Bayer CropScience AG | Insektizidhaltiges Flächengebilde |
JP6018488B2 (ja) * | 2012-07-12 | 2016-11-02 | 大日本除蟲菊株式会社 | 薬剤揮散体、及びこれを用いた飛翔害虫の防虫方法 |
Family Cites Families (4)
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GB1601095A (en) * | 1977-01-31 | 1981-10-21 | Sumitomo Chemical Co | Controlling agent for and a method of controlling injurious insects |
JP3275080B2 (ja) * | 1991-09-05 | 2002-04-15 | フマキラー株式会社 | 吸上式加熱蒸散装置用加熱蒸散体 |
JP3417041B2 (ja) * | 1993-07-29 | 2003-06-16 | 住友化学工業株式会社 | 薬剤の加熱蒸散方法 |
DE19605581A1 (de) * | 1996-02-15 | 1997-08-21 | Bayer Ag | Insektizide Zusammensetzungen auf Basis von Polymeren |
-
1998
- 1998-06-17 EP EP98932160A patent/EP0998196B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-06-17 ES ES98932160T patent/ES2230705T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-06-17 US US09/446,280 patent/US20020136748A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-06-17 CN CN98806728A patent/CN1261767A/zh active Pending
- 1998-06-17 DE DE59812037T patent/DE59812037D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-06-17 ID IDW991659A patent/ID23928A/id unknown
- 1998-06-17 BR BR9810384-9A patent/BR9810384A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-06-17 WO PCT/EP1998/003652 patent/WO1999001030A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1998-06-17 AU AU82159/98A patent/AU737599B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1998-06-17 JP JP50622499A patent/JP2002507216A/ja not_active Ceased
- 1998-06-29 AR ARP980103149A patent/AR015920A1/es active IP Right Grant
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107535517A (zh) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-01-05 | 广州立白企业集团有限公司 | 一种防虫缓释产品及其制备方法 |
CN113912946A (zh) * | 2020-07-10 | 2022-01-11 | 万华化学(宁波)有限公司 | 一种具有长效驱虫功能的聚丙烯复合材料及其制备方法和用途 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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AU8215998A (en) | 1999-01-25 |
JP2002507216A (ja) | 2002-03-05 |
ES2230705T3 (es) | 2005-05-01 |
DE59812037D1 (de) | 2004-11-04 |
AU737599B2 (en) | 2001-08-23 |
AR015920A1 (es) | 2001-05-30 |
WO1999001030A1 (de) | 1999-01-14 |
US20020136748A1 (en) | 2002-09-26 |
EP0998196A1 (de) | 2000-05-10 |
BR9810384A (pt) | 2000-09-05 |
EP0998196B1 (de) | 2004-09-29 |
ID23928A (id) | 2000-05-25 |
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