CN1258319C - Method for low stubble shallow rotary tillage rice seedling throwing - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a cultivation method from a wheat harvesting period to a rice seedling transplanting period in a wheat-rice rotation plough land. The method comprises the following steps: step 1, harvesting wheat with low stubbles, grinding straws, and uniformly dispersing ground straws on the surface of the wheat-rice rotation plough land; step 2, shallowly and rotationally ploughing the wheat-rice rotation plough land after the wheat-rice rotation plough land is irrigated to form a shallow water layer; step 3, throwing and transplanting rice seedlings after the wheat-rice rotation plough land is shallowly and rotationally ploughed; step 4, applying herbicide after the rice seedlings are thrown, transplanted and put.

Description

The low stubble shallow rotary tillage rice seedling throwing method

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of farmland rice and make method, specifically, the wheat harvest that relates to wheat-rice rotation plough land to the rice of rice seedling transplanting stage makes method.

Background technology

Staying the processing of field stalk after the wheat harvesting is the thorny problem that perplexs for many years, and the mode of handling has following several at present:

The one, the buried wheat straw of counter-rotating stubble-cleaning buries;

The 2nd, the wheatland cover is broadcast rice;

The 3rd, wheatland gathers in the wheat head, stays high stubble rice transplanting;

The 4th, the low stubble harvesting of wheatland, exclude the wheat stake, wheat straw is imbedded the dead furrow rice transplanting.

The counter-rotating stubble-cleaning buried wheat straw mode of burying, the mechanical cultivation expense is big, and a large amount of wheat straws are buried to bury and rice shoot is striven nitrogen, influences the rice seedling early growth.

The wheatland cover is broadcast the rice mode and is had many technological difficulties: the one, and wheat growth later stage cover is broadcast seed rice, the long seedling of basement water, it is solid to influence wheat grouting; The 2nd, the seed rice consumption is big, and it is incomplete, uneven, irregular, not strong to emerge; The 3rd, before wheat harvest, weeding is implemented in the symbiosis of seedling grass after wheat harvest, and the weed eradication difficulty is big, weak effect; The 4th, the rice growing phase is slower relatively, and the rice wheat symbiosis phase is long, and rice growth is slim and frahile, and fertility postpones, and prolongs Honda breeding time, and then limits the application of slow ripe high yield type kind and the performance of yield potentiality thereof.

Problems such as wheatland gathers in the wheat head, stays a high stubble rice transplanting mode to exist rice transplanting inhomogeneous, and density refractory is grasped, and the high batch of easily built on stilts rice shoot of wheat stake, causes dead seedling, and operation easier is big.

The low stubble harvesting of wheatland, exclude the wheat stake, wheat straw is imbedded dead furrow rice transplanting mode, needs exclude the wheat stake by strain, and is time-consuming, operating difficulties.

In view of there is obvious technological deficiency in above-mentioned 4 kinds of modes, on producing, large tracts of land is difficult to apply, and therefore, the processing of large tracts of land stalk remains to set fire burning or push river embankment and rots after the wheat harvest, has both wasted precious resources, again serious environment pollution.

Therefore, need to invent rice more cost-effective, the protection environment and make method.

Summary of the invention

The wheat harvest that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of wheat-rice rotation plough land is made method to the rice of rice seedling transplanting stage, and described method comprises following content:

1) shear through the wheat apart from face 5～10cm place, field, crushing straw is dispersed in the field face;

2) use base manure;

3) behind the irrigation shoaling layer, the shallow rotary tillage degree of depth 5～6cm fully mixes wheat straw with surperficial earth;

4) after the shallow rotary tillage, throw the planting paddy rice rice shoot.

5) after rice seedling is thrown and planted upright seedling, use chemical herbicide, go out and cut weeds.

In concrete enforcement, the inventive method is carried out as follows:

1, shears through the wheat apart from face 5～10cm place, field, pulverize the wheat straw stalk, it is evenly disperseed the field face;

2, before rice transplanting, to press the rice varieties type, need the flat and field base fertilizer power situation of rich water, application of organic fertilizers or chemical fertilizer are made base fertilizer;

3, before rice transplanting, behind the irrigation shoaling layer, shallow rotary tillage, the rotary tillage degree of depth is generally 5～6cm, and the wheat straw stalk is mixed with topsoil;

4, after shallow rotary tillage, slightly whole field face, but do not harrow a kind of farm tools finishing field face, throw the planting paddy rice rice shoot.Rice shoot adopts the of the right age strong seedling that has cultivated.The density of rice transplanting is specifically determined according to variety type, ecological condition, the level of production.

5, after the upright seedling of rice shoot of seedling is planted in throwing, use chemical herbicide, go out and cut weeds; Impose inorganic fertilizer, promote to tiller, enter normal management later on.

Compare with the buried wheat straw mode of burying of counter-rotating stubble-cleaning, the inventive method has following advantage: implement shallow rotary tillage, simplify the farming operation, and energy savings, and do not upset soil layer, the wheat straw stalk concentrates on the shallow top layer of soil, does not strive nitrogen with rice shoot, favourable seedling growth.Avoided buried the burying of stalk to strive nitrogen with rice shoot and produce of the murder by poisoning of noxious materials such as a large amount of organic acids to the rice shoot root system.

Broadcasting the rice mode with the wheatland cover compares, the inventive method has following advantage: the one, cultivating on the of the right age strong seedling basis, and to implement to throw and plant rice shoot, seedling is complete, seedling is even, seedling is neat, seedling is strong, having overcome the wheatland cover, to broadcast rice mode seed rice consumption big, and emerge uneven, irregular, not entirely, not strong weakness; The 2nd, after wheat harvest, implement rice transplanting, avoided the wheatland cover to broadcast the rice mode and emerged at wheatland late growth stage basement water, can influence the wheat late growing stage, even cause mashed field to receive the defective of wheat; The 3rd, be the growth vigor that has made full use of strong seedling, help making up high yield colony, help using slow ripe high yielding variety simultaneously.Having overcome cover, to broadcast the rice mode wheat rice symbiosis phase long, and rice growth is slim and frahile, is unfavorable for the defective of high yield; Shallow rotary tillage after four wheat harvests, throw plant upright seedling after, use chemical herbicide, weed eradication is thorough, effective, has overcome the wheatland cover and has broadcast the rice mode, seedling grass symbiosis before wheat harvest, the shortcoming of big, the weak effect of weeding difficulty after wheat harvest.

Gather in the wheat head with wheatland, stay a high stubble rice transplanting mode to compare, the inventive method has following advantage: easy to operate, and throw and plant evenly, density is easily grasped, and has overcome to stay high stubble rice transplanting mode sight line unclear, and density refractory is grasped, rice transplanting is inhomogeneous, and the part rice shoot is by defectives such as wheat straw aerial cableway seedlings.

With the low stubble harvesting of wheatland, exclude the wheat stake, wheat straw is imbedded dead furrow rice transplanting mode and compares, the inventive method need not to exclude the wheat stake, the direct shallow rice transplanting that revolves has overcome that to exclude the wheat stake by strain time-consuming, the defective of operating difficulties.

The inventive method has kept the common advantage in above-mentioned 4 kinds of modes of the prior art, and promptly the wheat straw total crop return utilizes, and culture fertility stops to burn wheat straw, the protection environment.The shallow rotary tillage rice transplanting methods of cultivation of low stubble simultaneously of the present invention also have following technique effect:

The one,, the farming operation is simplified in shallow rotary tillage, and does not upset soil layer, helps rice growth;

The 2nd,, rice transplanting after the shallow rotary tillage, easy to operate, seedling is complete, seedling is neat, seedling is even, throws density in planting and easily grasps;

The 3rd,, utilize the growth vigor of of the right age strong seedling, the land for growing field crops is thrown and is planted 4～5 days all upright seedlings in back, and tillering in upright seedling limit, limit, is beneficial to and forms high yield colony;

The 4th,, on the basis of shallow rotary tillage after the wheat harvest, after planting upright seedling, the rice shoot throwing uses chemical herbicide, and herbicide effect is good;

The 5th,, paddy rice throws to be planted rice shoot and alleviates and manually plant labour intensity, improves work efficiency.

The inventive method is suitable for paddy and wheat two cultivated land districts.

Embodiment

Example one

1. implement the place: Xia Qiao village, Yangzhou bayhead town, Jiangsu Province;

2. area: 1.0 mu

3. implementation and operation:

On October 25th, 2003 the drilling wheat, line-spacing 25cm, every mu of 8kg of seeding quantity, kind is " raising wheat No. 12 ".

On May 28th, 2004 sheared through the wheat at distance field face 5～10cm place with " No. 6, Guilin " rice/wheat combine; Crushing straw is dispersed in the field face;

Sowing on May 1st, 2004 paddy rice, non-irrigated seedling, kind is hybridization long-grained nonglutinous rice " Feng Youxiang accounts for ", every mu of rice seedling bed 10kg of seeding quantity adopts medicine fertilizer slow-release high water absorbing seed agent " drought is educated nurse " Cotton seeds.

After irrigating shoaling layer on June 5th, 2004, the shallow rotary tillage degree of depth 5～6cm fully mixes wheat straw with surperficial earth; Behind the face of thick whole field, throw and plant rice shoot, every mu 2.0 ten thousand cave of density, every mu of basic stem tiller seedling 10.4 ten thousand.

Field examination on June 9th, 2004, death rate is 0, upright seedling 100%.

Behind June 10 in 2004 Hitachi's seedlings, use every mu of 250ml of weed killer herbicide 50% butachlor ec, go out and cut weeds.

Used efficient compound fertilizer (N: P: K is 16: 16: 16) 25kg on June 11st, 2004;

Used efficient compound fertilizer (N: P: K is 16: 16: 16) 10kg on July 31st, 2004.

The Honda phase tillers: throw back 20 days every mu of stem tiller seedlings 280,000, throw back 30 days every mu of peak seedling 31.6 ten thousand.

Example two

1. implement the place: Xia Qiao village, Yangzhou bayhead town, Jiangsu Province;

2. area: 1.0 mu

3. implementation and operation:

On October 25th, 2003 the drilling wheat, line-spacing 25cm, every mu of 8kg of seeding quantity, kind is " raising wheat No. 12 ".

On May 28th, 2004 sheared through the wheat at distance field face 5～10cm place with " No. 6, Guilin " rice/wheat combine, and crushing straw is dispersed in the field face.

Sowing on May 20th, 2004 paddy rice, the plastic floppy disk seedling, kind is hybridization long-grained nonglutinous rice " Feng Youxiang accounts for ", every mu of rice seedling bed 35kg of seeding quantity.

After irrigating shoaling layer on June 5th, 2004, the shallow rotary tillage degree of depth 5～6cm fully mixes wheat straw with surperficial earth; Behind the face of thick whole field, throw and plant rice shoot, every mu 2.0 ten thousand cave of density, every mu of basic stem tiller seedling 8.12 ten thousand.

Field examination on June 9th, 2004, death rate is 0, upright seedling rate 100%.

Behind June 10 in 2004 Hitachi's seedlings, use every mu of 250ml of weed killer herbicide 50% butachlor ec, go out and cut weeds.

On June 11st, 2004, mu was used efficient compound fertilizer (N: P: K is 16: 16: 16) 25kg; On July 31st, 2004, mu was used efficient compound fertilizer (N: P: K is 16: 16: 16) 10kg.

The Honda phase tillers: throw back 20 days every mu of stem tiller seedlings 25.6 ten thousand, throw back 30 days every mu of peak seedling 28.0 ten thousand.

Claims (2)

1, a kind of wheat harvest of wheat one rice rotation plough land is made method to the rice of rice seedling transplanting stage, and described method comprises the steps:

1) shear through the wheat apart from face 5～10cm place, field, crushing straw is dispersed in the field face with it;

2) behind the irrigation shoaling layer, shallow rotary tillage, the rotary tillage degree of depth is 5～6cm, and the wheat straw stalk is fully mixed with topsoil;

3) after the shallow rotary tillage, slightly whole field face is thrown the planting paddy rice rice shoot;

4) behind the upright seedling, use weed killer herbicide, go out and cut weeds.

2, according to the process of claim 1 wherein that the weed killer herbicide in the step 4) is a butachlor.