CN1254168C - Intellient control system for fertilization with mode of drop irrigation in greenhouse - Google Patents
Intellient control system for fertilization with mode of drop irrigation in greenhouse Download PDFInfo
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- CN1254168C CN1254168C CNB031046959A CN03104695A CN1254168C CN 1254168 C CN1254168 C CN 1254168C CN B031046959 A CNB031046959 A CN B031046959A CN 03104695 A CN03104695 A CN 03104695A CN 1254168 C CN1254168 C CN 1254168C
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
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Abstract
The present invention relates to an intellectualized control system for the drip irrigation and the fertilization of a greenhouse, wherein the present invention has a pipeline structure that a water supplying pipeline is respectively connected with a fertilizer supplying pipeline, a fertilizer mixing pipeline and a drip irrigation and fertilization pipeline, and the fertilizer supplying pipeline is also connected with the fertilizer mixing pipeline which is connected with the drip irrigation and fertilization pipeline. A control method comprises the collection of analog quantity data and the set of system parameters; the judgment of whether manual work is used for intervening an irrigation and fertilization program or not; the judgment of whether a timing quantitative irrigation and fertilization program is adopted or not; the judgment of whether conditions are used for controlling the irrigation and fertilization program or not; the judgment of whether the manual work intervenes the irrigation and fertilization program or not; the judgment course of a back washing stage; scene recovery step by step after back washing; the detection of whether the parameters exceed an alarm limit value or not; the judgment of whether the operation of a pump, a valve and a water meter is normal or not; the end of total programs. System functions are strong. According to the concentration and the pH value of nutrient liquid needed by crops, intellectualized mix and preparation, the precise adjustment of pH and Ec values and the automatic control and metering of the fertilization are automatically carried out on mother liquid with high concentration and water.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of control device of fertigation, particularly relate to a kind of pipeline structure and control method thereof of drip-irrigation fertilising intelligent control system.
Background technology
The fertigation intelligent control technology is the key technology of industrialized agriculture vegetables, the production of flowers and plants, and this technical equipment of China mainly relies on import at present, and import equipment costs an arm and a leg, and inconvenient maintenance is difficult to large tracts of land and promotes.Therefore, the main Artificial Control that adopts of the irrigation of China's industrialized agriculture (greenhouse, booth) vegetables, flowers and other crops and nutrient solution fertilising at present, the science of irrigation, effective poor, time-consuming, the liquid manure waste is serious, low, the poor quality of crop yield.Artificial preparation nutrient solution, labour intensity height, inefficiency are not suitable for large-scale production.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is, provide a kind of can be to the pipeline structure and the control method thereof of the irrigation of modern agriculture scale greenhouse vegetable, the production of flowers and plants, drip-irrigation fertilising intelligent control system that fertilising is controlled automatically.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of pipeline structure of drip-irrigation fertilising intelligent control system, include supply channel, fertilizer supplying pipeline, fertilizer mixing pipeline and drip irrigation, fertilizing pipeline, wherein supply channel connects fertilizer supplying pipeline, fertilizer mixing pipeline and drip irrigation, fertilizing pipeline respectively, fertilizer supplying pipeline also is connected with fertilizer mixing pipeline, and fertilizer mixing pipeline is connected with drip irrigation, fertilizing pipeline again.
A kind of control method of drip-irrigation fertilising intelligent control system, finish by following steps:
(1) carrying out analog data collection and systematic parameter sets;
(2) judging whether to adopt manual intervention fertigation program, is then to start and carry out manual intervention fertigation program;
(3) if judged result for not, then continues to judge whether to adopt fertigation program at regular time and quantity, be then to start fertigation program at regular time and quantity;
(4) if judged result for not, then continues to judge whether employing condition control fertigation program, be that then entry condition is controlled the fertigation program.If judged result is for denying the deterministic process that then enters the filter backwash stage;
(5) in fertigation program at regular time and quantity or condition control fertigation program process, judging whether to carry out manual intervention fertigation program, is then to interrupt, keep the scene intact, and starts and execution manual intervention fertigation program; It or not the deterministic process that then enters the backwash stage;
(6) in the fertigation program process, judge whether to carry out the filter backwash, if judged result then keeps the current running status of system for not, be then to interrupt, keep the scene intact, carry out the filter backwashing procedures; Recover on-the-spot after backwash finishes step by step;
(7) whether detected parameters surpasses the warning limit value, not, then keeps the current running status of system, is then to carry out sounding and lighting alarm;
(8) judge whether pump, valve, water meter, operation be unusual, is that then system is out of service, finishes whole programs, not, then keep the current running status of system.
This control system is powerful, the manual intervention that can realize irrigating according to the water demand of crop size during irrigation, at regular time and quantity, three kinds of control and meterings automatically of condition control.When nutrient solution applied fertilizer, system can regulate and the automatic control and the metering of fertigation according to the essence amount that the required nutrient solution concentration of crop, acid-base value are carried out intelligent mixed preparing, nutrient solution pH, Ec with the mother liquor and the water of high concentration automatically.Native system also has the automatic and manual backwash control function of filter, information inquiry printing function, the fault alarm of system and safety protection function.Modern agriculture scale greenhouse vegetable, the irrigation of the production of flowers and plants, the key technical problem that fertilising is controlled have automatically been solved, for the yield and quality that improves crop provides assurance.Native system adopts touch-screen and PLC control technology; Han Hua operation interface fully; dependable performance, easy and simple to handle, cheap is mainly used in the intellectuality control that Peak output economic crops such as modern greenhouse, scale greenhouse by solar heat, booth vegetable, flowers are irrigated, apply fertilizer.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the frame construction drawing of fertigation intelligent control system pipeline;
Fig. 2 is a fertigation intelligent control system pipeline structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the connection diagram of Programmable Logic Controller and host computer and touch-screen;
Fig. 4 a, Fig. 4 b are the water pump among Fig. 1 and the control structure figure of fertilizing pump;
Fig. 5 is the control method flow chart of fertigation intelligent control system of the present invention;
The control method flow chart of Fig. 6 manual intervention fertigation;
Fig. 7 is the control method flow chart of fertigation at regular time and quantity;
Fig. 8 is the control method flow chart of condition control fertigation;
Fig. 9 control method of irrigation flow chart;
Figure 10 is a fertilising control method flow chart;
Figure 11 filter back-flushing method flow chart;
Figure 12 venturi fertilizer injector structural representation.
Embodiment
Provide specific embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, further specify the present invention and how to realize.
As shown in Figure 1, the pipeline structure of drip-irrigation fertilising intelligent control system, include supply channel 1, fertilizer supplying pipeline 2, fertilizer mixing pipeline 3 and drip irrigation, fertilizing pipeline 4, wherein supply channel 1 connects fertilizer supplying pipeline 2, fertilizer mixing pipeline 3 and drip irrigation, fertilizing pipeline 4 respectively, fertilizer supplying pipeline 2 also is connected with fertilizer mixing pipeline 3, and fertilizer mixing pipeline 3 is connected with drip irrigation, fertilizing pipeline 4 again.
As shown in Figure 2, described supply channel 1 is to be connected in series successively by pond 5, ball valve 18, water pump 6, backwash filter 7 to constitute, and wherein backwash filter 7 also is connected in parallel to differential pressure switch 21.Backwash filter adopts Tianjin Water Conservancy Inst.'s development, and its number of patent application is: 02293523.1 backwash filter; The model of water pump is: KGL50/100-1.1/2; The model of differential pressure switch 21 is: CY-1.
Described fertilizer supplying pipeline 2 is to be made of the ball valve 22 that links to each other with supply channel 1 that is provided with on several solution buckets 10 and each the solution bucket 10, the mixed fertile valve 19 that links to each other with fertilizer mixing pipeline 3.
Described fertilizer mixing pipeline 3 is to be connected in series successively by fertilizer-mixing barrel 12, ball valve 25, fertilizing pump 15, pressure maintaining valve 14, PH/EC monitor 13, venturi fertilizer injector 11, and wherein venturi fertilizer injector 11 is also by mixing the porch that fertile valve 19 and each solution bucket are connected, link fertilizer-mixing barrel 12 by ball valve 12; In fertilizer-mixing barrel 12, be provided with liquid level sensor 24.PH/EC monitor 13 adopts Tianjin Water Conservancy Inst.'s development, and model is the EP-1 type; The model of fertilizing pump 15 is: CR16-30; The model of liquid level sensor 24 is: MPM416; Venturi fertilizer injector 11 as shown in figure 12, its size is selected for use
".
Described drip irrigation, fertilizing pipeline 4 are to be connected to field magnetic valve 21 jointly by the irrigation main valve 16 that links to each other with supply channel 1 by water meter 8, the fertilising main valve 23 that links to each other with fertilizing pump 15.The model of magnetic valve 21 is: 210-1.5 "-G-Z, 210-2 "-G-Z.
As shown in Figure 3, the native system host computer adopts touch-screen, and slave computer adopts the PLC controller.Computer-controlled mould is gone into amount 19 tunnel, opens into amount 3 road amount of leaving 36 tunnel.Wherein the touch-screen model is: NT631C-STl51-EV
2, PLC controller model is: C200HG.The PC host computer adopts calculator among the figure.
Shown in Fig. 4 a, Fig. 4 b, the water pump 6 among Fig. 1 and the control of fertilizing pump 15 are realized by following structure: major loop is by air switch Q
1The 380V power supply that connects suitable for reading, meet down contactor KM
1Main contacts, contactor KM
1Main contacts by electrothermal relay FA
1Be connected with connecting terminal of motor; Control loop is divided into automatic control loop and manual control loop, and manually control loop is by change-over switch SA
1Suitable for reading by insurance RD
1Connect the 220V power supply, change-over switch SA
1End opening and shutdown switch SB
11Connect shutdown switch SB
11Again with starting switch SB
12, contactor KM
1Auxiliary contact, contactor KM
1Coil, electrothermal relay FA
1The contact is connected in series on the zero line N; Automatic control loop is by the computer starting intermediate relay ZJ
1, intermediate relay ZJ
1Normally opened contact upper end and change-over switch SA
1Connect lower end and main contactor KM
1Coil, electrothermal relay FA
1The contact is connected in series on the zero line N; Power supply indicator HL
11Be connected in parallel on both ends of power, water pump start and stop lamp HL
12Be connected in parallel on main contactor KM
1The coil two ends.
This structure is two covers, and the pump that a cover connects is the water pump of 1.1KM, and what a cover connected is the fertilizing pump of 3KM.
Air switch model in the said structure is: DZ47-60/3D, 10A; The contactor model is: LR18-32,6A; The electrothermal relay model is: LR1-D09308,2.5A～4A (water pump is used), LR1-D09308,5.5A～8A (fertilizing pump is used); The auxiliary reclay model is: HH52P; Changing the switch model is: PBC-D2;
Its operation principle is: opens air switch, change-over switch beaten at automated location, and when starting pump, the computer starting auxiliary reclay, auxiliary reclay normally opened contact closure, contactor coil is charged, contact adhesive, pump startup.In case overcurrent appears, the electrothermal relay action, and its contact disconnects, the contactor coil dead electricity, its contact disconnects, and pump is out of service.When closing pump, calculator cuts out auxiliary reclay, its coil losing electricity, and the contact disconnects, the contactor coil dead electricity, its contact disconnects, and the work of pump stops.When needs are manual, open air switch, change-over switch is played in manual position the unlatching by the startup on the power distribution cabinet, stop button control pump and stopping, during startup, press start button, contactor coil is charged, the auxiliary contact adhesive also keeps automatically, and the main contacts closure starts pump; When closing pump, press stop button, contactor coil dead electricity contact disconnects, and closes pump.
As shown in Figure 5, the control method of drip-irrigation fertilising intelligent control system of the present invention, finish by following steps:
(1) carrying out analog data collection and systematic parameter sets;
(2) judging whether to adopt manual intervention fertigation program, is then to start and carry out manual intervention fertigation program;
(3) if judged result for not, then continues to judge whether to adopt fertigation program at regular time and quantity, be then to start fertigation program at regular time and quantity;
(4) if judged result for not, then continues to judge whether employing condition control fertigation program, be that then entry condition is controlled the fertigation program.If judged result is for denying the deterministic process that then enters the filter backwash stage;
(5) in fertigation program at regular time and quantity or condition control fertigation program process, judging whether to carry out manual intervention fertigation program, is then to interrupt, keep the scene intact, and starts and execution manual intervention fertigation program; It or not the deterministic process that then enters the backwash stage;
(6) in the fertigation program process, judge whether to carry out the filter backwash, if judged result then keeps the current running status of system for not, be then to interrupt, keep the scene intact, carry out the filter backwashing procedures; Recover on-the-spot after backwash finishes step by step;
(7) whether detected parameters surpasses the warning limit value, not, then keeps the current running status of system, is then to carry out sounding and lighting alarm;
(8) judge whether pump, valve, water meter, operation be unusual, is that then system is out of service, finishes whole programs, not, then keep the current running status of system.
As shown in Figure 6, described manual intervention fertigation is finished by following steps:
(1) enter manual intervention picture is set, import the irrigation quantity (M) and the fertilizer application formula (K) of i=1～12 valve sets respectively, setting completed, starts manual intervention fertigation program;
(2) judging whether each irrigation quantity of i=1 valve sets and fertilizer application formula are not equal to zero, is then to carry out the fertilising control program;
(3) judged result is not for, and whether whether the irrigation quantity of then proceeding to judge the i=1 valve sets is not equal to the zero-sum fertilizer application formula equals zero, and is then to carry out the irrigation control program, is not then to enter next valve sets;
(4) fertilising control program and irrigating in the control program in any program process need all will judge whether to suspend, and does not need then to continue to carry out original program, need then import time out; Press the pause button, interrupt work at present, keep the scene intact; Duty before time out arrives, and recovery system interrupts;
(5) judging whether next valve sets is last group valve, is not then to turn back to second step repetition said process to carry out; Be then to finish this program.
Its manual intervention fertigation control is: manual intervention fertigation program is control 12 valve groups (24 valves) at most.According to the manual intervention fertigation picture being set imports the relevant filling of each valve sets and executes parameter: i.e. irrigation quantity (M) or irrigation period, fertilizer application formula (K), fertilizer application formula K=0 when irrigating, do not apply fertilizer if neither irrigate in fertilizer application formula K ≠ 0 when fertilising, then parameter all puts 0 yet.Whether calculator is executed parameter according to filling is zero to judge that it is to irrigate or fertilising that needs are irritated valve sets quantity and each valve sets executed, calls then that valve sets is irrigated or the fertilising control program carries out work.In system work process, suspend if desired, then import time out, click Pause key, system is out of service, when time out arrives, system restart, the work before recovering to interrupt, 12 valve sets all execute, and manual intervention fertigation control finishes.
As shown in Figure 7, described fertigation is at regular time and quantity finished by following steps:
(1) enter picture is set at regular time and quantity, and input i=1～12 valve sets is irrigated from date (D
Beginning), Close Date (D
Knot), rotation irrigation cycle (T), irrigation quantity (M), fertilizer application formula (K), and need repeatedly irrigate every day time the, the time started that input n=1～5 time are irrigated; The valve sets of selected the n time irrigation;
(2) judging whether the time of irrigating for the n time equal zero, is then to forward to irrigate next time, is not then to continue to judge;
(3) judging the time whether time of irrigating for the n time equals to set, is not then to wait for, is then to continue to judge;
(4) whether whether the irrigation date of judging the i valve sets within the date, reach rotation irrigation cycle at the starting and ending of setting, and is not then to judge next valve sets, is then to continue to judge;
(5) judging whether this irrigates the i valve sets chosen, is not then to judge next valve sets, is then to continue to judge;
(6) judging whether the irrigation quantity of i valve sets and fertilizer application formula are not equal to zero, is then to carry out the fertilising control program; Judged result is not for, and whether whether the irrigation quantity of then proceeding to judge the i valve sets is not equal to the zero-sum fertilizer application formula equals zero, and is then to carry out the irrigation control program, is not then to enter next valve sets;
After any program is finished in the fertilising control program of (7) i valve sets and the irrigation control program, all to enter next valve sets, judge then whether one group of valve sets all executes the program of executing of once irritating, be then to enter to irritate to execute program, be not then to turn back to third step to proceed next time;
(8) before irritating the program of executing next time, judge whether that earlier the filling of having finished setting executes number of times, finish the program that then is all over, do not finish then turning back to second step and repeat;
Its at regular time and quantity the fertigation control principle be: maximum 12 valve groups of control of fertigation control program at regular time and quantity are provided with picture according to fertigation at regular time and quantity and import each valve sets control parameter: as the irrigation from date (D in month
Beginning), Close Date (D
Knot), rotation irrigation cycle (T), fertilizer application formula (K) if need repeatedly to irrigate (being no more than at most 5 times) in one day, are imported irrigation time started and each valve group number of irrigating control of each fertigation respectively.Calculator is provided with the fertigation control that situation automatically performs each valve sets according to parameter.
As described in Figure 8, described condition control fertigation is finished by following steps:
(1) entry condition control fertigation is provided with picture, imports the higher limit P of each soil water potential sensor control soil moisture content
The upper limitWith lower limit P
Lower limitAnd fertilizer application formula K; The valve sets of selected each sensor control;
(2) whether the valve sets field soil water content of each sensor control of cycle criterion is smaller or equal to set lower limit (P
i≤ P
The i lower limit), the soil moisture content that detects up to a certain sensor is smaller or equal to set lower limit;
(3) judging whether the valve sets fertilizer application formula that this sensor is controlled equals zero, is not then to carry out the fertilising control program; Be then to carry out the irrigation control program;
(4) prescribe a time limit when reaching on the soil moisture content, finish the fertigation program of the valve sets of this sensor control, and return and continue to judge.
Its condition control fertigation control principle is: condition control fertigation is to utilize the soil water potential sensor need to judge whether to irrigate by real-time monitoring soil water potential size, system installs 4 tunnel soil water potential sensors at most, and the valve sets of each sensor control sets up on their own.When the flow of water of certain flow of water sensor reached lower limit set value, the valve sets that system starts the control of this sensor was automatically irrigated or is applied fertilizer, and when soil water potential equals upper limit set value, stops to irrigate.
As shown in Figure 9, described irrigation control is to be finished by following steps:
(1) open the field control valve, open the irrigation main valve, the delayed startup water pump;
(2) judge the irrigation quantity whether irrigation quantity equals to set, or whether soil moisture content is greater than the higher limit of setting; Not being then to continue to irrigate, is then to enter next step;
(3) judge whether to wait for the valve of irrigating that the valve of then opening wait is earlier arranged, close the valve that has moved again, turn back to second step and rejudge;
(4) do not wait for the valve of irrigating, then switch off the pump, close the irrigation main valve, close the field control valve, finish irrigation procedure.
It irrigates control principle: irrigating control has manual intervention, controls three kinds of control modes with condition at regular time and quantity, no matter adopt that a kind of control mode, when certain valve group is carried out the irrigation operation, computer system is at first opened the field valve and is irrigated main valve, start water pump then, water is irrigated after filtering from the washing and filtering device, and carries out the irrigation quantity metering by water meter.When the valve that is moving reaches the irrigation condition of setting, if also have valve,, open next group valve earlier then according to opening the principle of afterwards closing earlier waiting for irrigation, close again and close one group of valve; If there is not valve waiting for irrigation, then irrigate and finish, switch off the pump earlier, close again and irrigate main valve and field valve.
As shown in figure 10, described fertilising control is finished by following steps:
(1) judges that at first whether liquid level is smaller or equal to the minimum liquid level that sets in the fertilizer-mixing barrel
1, not then to report to the police, be then to enter next step;
(2) open water injection valve, start water pump water filling in fertilizer-mixing barrel;
(3) judge that whether liquid level is more than or equal to the middle liquid level that sets in the fertilizer-mixing barrel
2, not then to proceed for second step, be then to open to mix fertile valve, start fertilizing pump;
(4) detect pH, Ec value;
(5) enter pH, Ec and regulate the control stage;
(6) after pH, Ec regulate the end of control stage, whether judging the fertilizer-mixing barrel liquid level greater than the highest liquid level, is not then to enter for the 7th step; Be then to enter for the 10th step;
(7) open fertilising main valve and field valve and begin fertilising;
(8) judge whether to reach the setting fertilizing amount, be not then turn back to the 5th the step proceed, be then to switch off the pump and water injection valve;
(9) judging whether the fertilizer-mixing barrel liquid level reaches the setting minimum, is not then to keep former running status, is then to close fertilizing pump, fertilising valve, field valve, finishes Overall Steps;
(10) in the judgement in the 6th step, when the fertilizer-mixing barrel liquid level reaches when setting peak, switch off the pump, water injection valve, fertilising valve; Enter pH, Ec and regulate the control stage;
(11) pH, Ec close mixed fertile valve after regulating the end of control stage, open the fertilising valve;
(12) judging whether the fertilizer-mixing barrel liquid level reaches the setting median, is not then to keep former running status, is to turn back to for the 4th step after then starting water pump, open water injection valve and mixing fertile valve to proceed.
Wherein: pH, Ec regulate the control stage and are finished by following steps:
(1) do you judge that detected nutrient solution concentration Ec deducts 0.5 smaller or equal to the Ec value of setting? does or detected nutrient solution concentration Ec add 0.5 more than or equal to the Ec value of setting? be then to close the fertilising valve, stop to field fertilization, entering next step, is not then directly to enter next step;
(2) regulate the dutycycle that respectively adds fertile valve, t
Open=72m/q+k (E
C establishes-E
C surveys) L, t
Close=T-t
Open
(3) do you judge that detected pH value deducts 1.0 smaller or equal to the pH value of setting? or do not add 1.0 more than or equal to the pH value of setting? being then to close the fertilising valve to enter next step, is not then directly to enter next step;
(4) dutycycle of adjusting acid adding valve, t (n+1)
Open=t (n)
Open+ k (pH
If-pH
Survey) L, t
Close=T-t
Open
(5) continue to judge whether pH or Ec value reach permissible value
That is: E
C establishes-0.2≤E
C surveys≤ E
C establishes+ 0.2 pH
If-0.4≤pH
Survey≤ pH
If+ 0.4 is not then to return for the 1st step to carry out again.
Its fertilising control principle is: nutrient solution fertilising control also is divided into manual intervention, controls three kinds of control modes with condition at regular time and quantity.When crop needed the nutrient solution fertilising, computer system was at first mixed water and fertilizer mother liquor in fertilizer-mixing barrel automatically according to the nutrient solution concentration (Ec) and the acid-base value (pH) of crop needs, when satisfying the required precision of pH, Ec, carries out fertilizer irrigation automatically.Its control procedure is to work as the interior liquid level of fertilizer-mixing barrel smaller or equal to
1The time, open water injection valve, start water pump water filling in fertilizer-mixing barrel, and the automatic gauge water injection rate, when water level reaches
2The time, starting fertilizing pump and mix fertile valve, current turn back in the fertilizer-mixing barrel by fertilizing pump, pressure maintaining valve, venturi fertilizer injector, form circulation.Pressure maintaining valve provides a constant operating pressure to venturi fertilizer injector.
Acid solution in high concentration fertilizer mother liquor in the solution bucket (A/B) and the acid bucket (C) is inhaled into pipeline and enters fertilizer-mixing barrel and mix with water under the effect of venturi fertilizer injector suction.The size of soakage is to regulate the switching frequency that mixes fertile valve automatically by calculator to control, on experimental basis, set up the mathematical model of mixing fertile threshold switch frequency and control cycle, mix pH, the Ec value of computer real-time monitoring nutrient solution in the fertile process, and compare with setting value, according to the deviation size, add fertile amount, add the intellectuality adjusting control that acid is measured according to mathematical model.Liquid level does not arrive in fertilizer-mixing barrel
3And nutrient solution pH, Ec value have reached required precision, then open field valve and fertilising main valve, carry out fertilizer irrigation, and at this moment, water filling, mixed fertilizer and nutrition liquid irrigation carry out simultaneously.If liquid level reaches in the fertilizer-mixing barrel
3; pH, Ec also do not reach required precision; switch off the pump, stop water filling in fertilizer-mixing barrel, proceed to add the adjusting control that fertilizer adds acid; until reaching pH, Ec required precision; close this moment and mix fertile valve, open fertilising main valve and field valve and irrigate, along with irrigation is carried out; liquid level constantly descends in the fertilizer-mixing barrel, when dropping to
2The time, starting water pump once more and in fertilizer-mixing barrel, add water, the mixed fertile valve of startup simultaneously adds fertilizer and adds acid in fertilizer-mixing barrel, proceed the nutrient solution preparation.
When reaching fertilizing amount and require, switch off the pump, water injection valve, mix fertile valve, liquid level drops to in bucket
1The time, close fertilizing pump, fertilising main valve and field valve, mix fertile, fertilizer irrigation process end.
As shown in figure 11, described filter backwash is finished by following steps:
(1) enters filter backwash picture; The input filter number; Import single filter backwashing time;
(2) judge that filter import and export differential pressure value whether more than or equal to the differential pressure value of setting, is then to enter backwash process;
(3) judged result then continues to judge whether to carry out manual backwash for not, is then to enter backwash process; Not then to keep former duty;
(4) in backwash process, at first open backwash valve 1, start water pump washing and filtering device 1;
(5) open backwash valve 2, close recoil valve 1, washing and filtering device 2;
(6) close backwash valve 2, switch off the pump and recover former duty; Finish flushing process.
The control principle of its filter backwash is: the filter backwash has automatically and manual 2 kinds of control modes.Automatically flushing is what to control according to the differential pressure at filter two ends, when differential pressure value reaches setting value, differential pressure switch leaves into signal for one in calculator, calculator interrupts current work immediately, and wash automatically one by one according to washing time and the number of filters set, flushing finishes and returns to original duty.Calculator manually flushing is to realize by starting manual flushing key, and flushing process is with flushing is identical automatically.
Claims (14)
1. the pipeline structure of a fertigation intelligent control system, it is characterized in that including supply channel (1), fertilizer supplying pipeline (2), fertilizer mixing pipeline (3) and drip irrigation, fertilizing pipeline (4), wherein supply channel (1) connects fertilizer supplying pipeline (2), fertilizer mixing pipeline (3) and drip irrigation, fertilizing pipeline (4) respectively, fertilizer supplying pipeline (2) also is connected with fertilizer mixing pipeline (3), and fertilizer mixing pipeline (3) is connected with drip irrigation, fertilizing pipeline (4) again.
2. the pipeline structure of fertigation intelligent control system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described supply channel (1) is that wherein backwash filter (7) also is connected in parallel to differential pressure switch (21) by pond (5), ball valve (18), water pump (6), backwash filter (7) formation that is connected in series successively.
3. the pipeline structure of fertigation intelligent control system according to claim 1 is characterized in that described fertilizer supplying pipeline (2) is to go up the ball valve (22) that links to each other with supply channel (1) that is provided with, the mixed fertile valve (19) that links to each other with fertilizer mixing pipeline (3) formation by several solution buckets (10) and each solution bucket (10).
4. the pipeline structure of fertigation intelligent control system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described fertilizer mixing pipeline (3) is to be connected in series successively by fertilizer-mixing barrel (12), ball valve (25), fertilizing pump (15), pressure maintaining valve (14), pH, EC monitor (13), venturi fertilizer injector (11), wherein venturi fertilizer injector (11) also is connected, links by ball valve (12) porch of fertilizer-mixing barrel (12) with each solution bucket by mixed fertile valve (19); In fertilizer-mixing barrel (12), be provided with liquid level sensor (24).
5. the pipeline structure of fertigation intelligent control system according to claim 1 is characterized in that described drip irrigation, fertilizing pipeline (4) are to be connected to field magnetic valve (21) jointly by the irrigation main valve (16) that links to each other with supply channel (1) by water meter (8), the fertilising main valve (23) that links to each other with fertilizing pump (15).
6. the pipeline structure of fertigation intelligent control system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the control of described water pump (6) and fertilizing pump (15) is realized by following structure: major loop is by air switch Q
1The 380V power supply that connects suitable for reading, end opening meets contactor KM
1Main contacts, contactor KM
1Main contacts by electrothermal relay FA
1Be connected with connecting terminal of motor; Control loop is divided into automatic control loop and manual control loop, and manually control loop is by change-over switch SA
1Suitable for reading by insurance RD
1Connect the 220V power supply, change-over switch SA
1End opening and shutdown switch SB
11Connect shutdown switch SB
11Again with starting switch SB
12, contactor KM
1Auxiliary contact, contactor KM
1Coil, electrothermal relay FA
1The contact is connected in series on the zero line N; Automatic control loop is by the computer starting intermediate relay ZJ
1, intermediate relay ZJ
1Normally opened contact upper end and change-over switch SA
1Connect lower end and main contactor KM
1Coil, electrothermal relay FA
1The contact is connected in series on the zero line N; Power supply indicator HL
11Be connected in parallel on both ends of power, water pump start and stop lamp HL
12Be connected in parallel on main contactor KM
1The coil two ends.
7. the control method of drip-irrigation fertilising intelligent control system is characterized in that being finished by following steps:
(1) carrying out analog data collection and systematic parameter sets;
(2) judging whether to adopt manual intervention fertigation program, is then to start and carry out manual intervention fertigation program;
(3) if judged result for not, then continues to judge whether to adopt fertigation program at regular time and quantity, be then to start fertigation program at regular time and quantity;
(4) if judged result for not, then continues to judge whether employing condition control fertigation program, be that then entry condition is controlled the fertigation program.If judged result is for denying the deterministic process that then enters the filter backwash stage;
(5) in fertigation program at regular time and quantity or condition control fertigation program process, judging whether to carry out manual intervention fertigation program, is then to interrupt, keep the scene intact, and starts and execution manual intervention fertigation program; It or not the deterministic process that then enters the backwash stage;
(6) in the fertigation program process, judge whether to carry out the filter backwash, if judged result then keeps the current running status of system for not, be then to interrupt, keep the scene intact, carry out the filter backwashing procedures; Recover on-the-spot after backwash finishes step by step;
(7) whether detected parameters surpasses the warning limit value, not, then keeps the current running status of system, is then to carry out sounding and lighting alarm;
(8) judge whether pump, valve, water meter, operation be unusual, is that then system is out of service, finishes whole programs, not, then keep the current running status of system.
8. the control method of drip-irrigation according to claim 7 fertilising intelligent control system is characterized in that described manual intervention fertigation finished by following steps:
(1) enter manual intervention picture is set, import the irrigation quantity (M) and the fertilizer application formula (K) of i=1～12 valve sets respectively, setting completed, starts manual intervention fertigation program;
(2) judging whether each irrigation quantity of i=1 valve sets and fertilizer application formula are not equal to zero, is then to carry out the fertilising control program;
(3) judged result is not for, and whether whether the irrigation quantity of then proceeding to judge the i=1 valve sets is not equal to the zero-sum fertilizer application formula equals zero, and is then to carry out the irrigation control program, is not then to enter next valve sets;
(4) fertilising control program and irrigating in the control program in any program process need all will judge whether to suspend, and does not need then to continue to carry out original program, need then import time out; Press the pause button, interrupt work at present, keep the scene intact; Duty before time out arrives, and recovery system interrupts;
(5) judging whether next valve sets is last group valve, is not then to turn back to second step repetition said process to carry out; Be then to finish this program.
9. the control method of drip-irrigation according to claim 7 fertilising intelligent control system is characterized in that described fertigation program at regular time and quantity finished by following steps:
(1) enter picture is set at regular time and quantity, and input i=1～12 valve sets is irrigated from date (D
Beginning), Close Date (D
Knot), rotation irrigation cycle (T), irrigation quantity (M), fertilizer application formula (K), and need repeatedly irrigate every day time the, the time started that input n=1～5 time are irrigated; The valve sets of selected the n time irrigation;
(2) judging whether the time of irrigating for the n time equal zero, is then to forward to irrigate next time, is not then to continue to judge;
(3) judging the time whether time of irrigating for the n time equals to set, is not then to wait for, is then to continue to judge;
(4) whether whether the irrigation date of judging the i valve sets within the date, reach rotation irrigation cycle at the starting and ending of setting, and is not then to judge next valve sets, is then to continue to judge;
(5) judging whether this irrigates the i valve sets chosen, is not then to judge next valve sets, is then to continue to judge;
(6) judging whether the irrigation quantity of i valve sets and fertilizer application formula are not equal to zero, is then to carry out the fertilising control program; Judged result is not for, and whether whether the irrigation quantity of then proceeding to judge the i valve sets is not equal to the zero-sum fertilizer application formula equals zero, and is then to carry out the irrigation control program, is not then to enter next valve sets;
After any program is finished in the fertilising control program of (7) i valve sets and the irrigation control program, all to enter next valve sets, judge then whether one group of valve sets all executes the program of executing of once irritating, be then to enter to irritate to execute program, be not then to turn back to third step to proceed next time;
(8) before irritating the program of executing next time, judge whether that earlier the filling of having finished setting executes number of times, finish the program that then is all over, do not finish then turning back to second step and repeat.
10. the control method of drip-irrigation according to claim 7 fertilising intelligent control system is characterized in that described condition control fertigation program finished by following steps:
(1) entry condition control fertigation is provided with picture, imports higher limit and the lower limit and the fertilizer application formula of each soil water potential sensor control soil moisture content; The valve sets of selected each sensor control;
(2) whether the valve sets field soil water content of each sensor of cycle criterion control smaller or equal to set lower limit, and the soil moisture content that detects up to a certain sensor is smaller or equal to set lower limit;
(3) judging whether the valve sets fertilizer application formula that this sensor is controlled equals zero, is not then to carry out the fertilising control program; Be then to carry out the irrigation control program;
(4) prescribe a time limit when reaching on the soil moisture content, finish the fertigation program of the valve sets of this sensor control, and return and continue to judge.
11. according to Claim 8 or the control method of 9 or 10 described drip-irrigations fertilising intelligent control systems, it is characterized in that described irrigation control program is to be finished by following steps:
(1) open the field control valve, open the irrigation main valve, the delayed startup water pump;
(2) judge the irrigation quantity whether irrigation quantity equals to set, or whether soil moisture content is greater than the higher limit of setting; Not being then to continue to irrigate, is then to enter next step;
(3) judge whether to wait for the valve of irrigating that the valve of then opening wait is earlier arranged, close the valve that has moved again, turn back to second step and rejudge;
(4) do not wait for the valve of irrigating, then switch off the pump, close the irrigation main valve, close the field control valve, finish irrigation procedure.
12. according to Claim 8 or the control method of 9 or 10 described drip-irrigations fertilising intelligent control systems, it is characterized in that described fertilising control program finished by following steps:
(1) judges that at first whether liquid level is smaller or equal to the minimum liquid level that sets in the fertilizer-mixing barrel
1, not then to report to the police, be then to enter next step;
(2) open water injection valve, start water pump water filling in fertilizer-mixing barrel;
(3) judge that whether liquid level is more than or equal to the middle liquid level that sets in the fertilizer-mixing barrel
2, not then to proceed for second step, be then to open to mix fertile valve, start fertilizing pump;
(4) detect pH, Ec value;
(5) enter pH, Ec and regulate the control stage;
(6) after pH, Ec regulate the end of control stage, whether judging the fertilizer-mixing barrel liquid level greater than the highest liquid level, is not then to enter for the 7th step; Be then to enter for the 10th step;
(7) open fertilising main valve and field valve and begin fertilising;
(8) judge whether to reach the setting fertilizing amount, be not then turn back to the 5th the step proceed, be then to switch off the pump and water injection valve;
(9) judging whether the fertilizer-mixing barrel liquid level reaches the setting minimum, is not then to keep former running status, is then to close fertilizing pump, fertilising valve, field valve, finishes Overall Steps;
(10) in the judgement in the 6th step, when the fertilizer-mixing barrel liquid level reaches when setting peak, switch off the pump, water injection valve, fertilising valve; Enter pH, Ec and regulate the control stage;
(11) pH, Ec close mixed fertile valve after regulating the end of control stage, open the fertilising valve;
(12) judging whether the fertilizer-mixing barrel liquid level reaches the setting median, is not then to keep former running status, is to turn back to for the 4th step after then starting water pump, open water injection valve and mixing fertile valve to proceed.
13. the control method of drip-irrigation fertilising intelligent control system according to claim 12 is characterized in that described pH, Ec regulate the control stage and finished by following steps:
(1) do you judge that detected nutrient solution concentration Ec deducts 0.5 smaller or equal to the Ec value of setting? does or detected nutrient solution concentration Ec add 0.5 more than or equal to the Ec value of setting? be then to close the fertilising valve, stop to field fertilization, entering next step, is not then directly to enter next step;
(2) regulate the dutycycle that respectively adds fertile valve;
(3) do you judge that detected pH value deducts 1.0 smaller or equal to the pH value of setting? or do not add 1.0 more than or equal to the pH value of setting? being then to close the fertilising valve to enter next step, is not then directly to enter next step;
(4) dutycycle of adjusting acid adding valve;
(5) continue to judge that pH or Ec value reach permissible value? not then to return for the 1st step to carry out again.
14. the control method of drip-irrigation according to claim 7 fertilising intelligent control system is characterized in that described filter backwashing procedures finished by following steps:
(1) enters filter backwash picture; The input filter number; Import single filter backwashing time;
(2) judge that filter import and export differential pressure value whether more than or equal to the differential pressure value of setting, is then to enter backwash process;
(3) judged result then continues to judge whether to carry out manual backwash for not, is then to enter backwash process; Not then to keep former duty;
(4) in backwash process, at first open backwash valve 1, start water pump washing and filtering device 1;
(5) open backwash valve 2, close recoil valve 1, washing and filtering device 2;
(6) close backwash valve 2, switch off the pump and recover former duty; Finish flushing process.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031046959A CN1254168C (en) | 2003-02-21 | 2003-02-21 | Intellient control system for fertilization with mode of drop irrigation in greenhouse |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031046959A CN1254168C (en) | 2003-02-21 | 2003-02-21 | Intellient control system for fertilization with mode of drop irrigation in greenhouse |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1430876A CN1430876A (en) | 2003-07-23 |
| CN1254168C true CN1254168C (en) | 2006-05-03 |
Family
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031046959A Expired - Fee Related CN1254168C (en) | 2003-02-21 | 2003-02-21 | Intellient control system for fertilization with mode of drop irrigation in greenhouse |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1254168C (en) |
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| CN101803507A (en) * | 2010-03-03 | 2010-08-18 | 北京农业智能装备技术研究中心 | Bypass automatic fertigation device and method thereof |
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