CN110199649B

CN110199649B - Automatic fertigation device of liquid manure integration

Info

Publication number: CN110199649B
Application number: CN201910645253.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李勇
Original assignee: Jiangsu Luhuang Agricultural Science And Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Jiangsu Luhuang Agricultural Science And Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-07-17
Filing date: 2019-07-17
Publication date: 2021-01-19
Anticipated expiration: 2039-07-17
Also published as: CN110199649A

Abstract

The invention discloses a water and fertilizer integrated automatic irrigation and fertilization device which comprises a water tank, a water feeding pipe, a water return pipe, a water pump, a back flushing system, an irrigation main pipe, a fertilizer distribution system, irrigation branch pipes and a control console, wherein the water tank is connected with the water feeding pipe; the water inlet of the water pump is connected with the water tank, the water outlet of the water pump is connected with the upper water pipe, one end of the water return pipe is connected with the water tank, the backwashing system is respectively connected with the upper water pipe, the water return pipe and the main irrigation pipe, the main irrigation pipe is provided with a fertilizer distribution system, the tail end of the main irrigation pipe is connected with a plurality of irrigation branch pipes, and the console is respectively and electrically connected with the water pump. The back flushing system comprises four solenoid valves arranged in a cross mode and a filter screen for alternative filtration, the fertilizer preparation system comprises a fertilizer preparation pipe connected to the main irrigation pipe in a parallel bypass mode, and a fertilizer bin, a blanking machine, a fertilizer tank, a concentration sensor and a flow regulating valve which are arranged on the fertilizer preparation pipe, and the flow sensor is arranged on the main irrigation pipe. The irrigation branch pipe is provided with a water distribution valve for regulating water flow.

Description

Automatic fertigation device of liquid manure integration

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of agricultural irrigation devices, in particular to a water and fertilizer integrated automatic irrigation and fertilization device.

Background

The water and fertilizer integration is a new mode of agricultural irrigation, wherein fertilizers are dissolved in water in advance and then are irrigated, and the irrigation is divided into sprinkling irrigation, flood irrigation, drip irrigation and the like.

In order to respond to the national requirements of environmental protection, energy conservation and water conservation, drip irrigation is widely popularized in the aspects of fine agriculture and planting. The combination of drip irrigation and water and fertilizer integration is also the irrigation trend of fine agriculture.

In the prior art, the integration of liquid manure has several problems:

1. the water and fertilizer integration is that the fertilizer is simply mixed into a water body and then is conveyed to the soil at the root of the plant through a pipeline, a filter is generally arranged for water inlet in order to not block the pipeline, but the existing filter is generally a section of fine sand pipeline, along with the irrigation, more and more impurities are accumulated in the filter, the water inlet resistance is obviously increased, the filter needs to be manually taken down and then cleaned or replaced, and the filter is troublesome;

2. the fertilizer is directly put into water to be stirred and mixed, the fluctuation of the concentration of the fertilizer liquid is large under the influence of the feeding amount, and the fertilizer is not enough due to the fact that the root burning damage is possibly generated on some plants with sensitive concentration or the concentration is reduced to a small value to avoid the root burning;

3. the distance that the afterbody of irrigation pipe goes out the water position and irrigates the person in charge is different to the water yield also has great difference, the apopore water yield that is close to the person in charge is many and terminal apopore water yield is few or even not go out water, thereby some advanced liquid manure integrated device sets up the air-vent valve in water position department and makes the total value of water resistance and on-the-way resistance approximately the same thereby the water yield unanimous, but every air-vent valve need debug alone, very troublesome.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a water and fertilizer integrated automatic irrigation and fertilization device to solve the problems in the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a water and fertilizer integrated automatic irrigation and fertilization device comprises a water tank, a water feeding pipe, a water return pipe, a water pump, a back flushing system, an irrigation main pipe, a fertilizer distribution system, irrigation branch pipes and a control console; the water inlet of the water pump is connected with the water tank, the water outlet of the water pump is connected with the upper water pipe, one end of the water return pipe is connected with the water tank, the backwashing system is respectively connected with the upper water pipe, the water return pipe and the main irrigation pipe, the main irrigation pipe is provided with a fertilizer distribution system, the tail end of the main irrigation pipe is connected with a plurality of irrigation branch pipes, and the console is respectively and electrically connected with the water pump.

The water and fertilizer integrated automatic irrigation and fertilization device mixes water drawn from the water tank and fertilizer configured by the fertilizer preparation system and then sprays the mixture onto soil and near the roots of plants through a plurality of irrigation branch pipes, the water drawing from the water tank is completed through a water pump, the water pump pumps water to a back flush system, filtering in the back washing system, flowing to the main irrigation pipe, adding fertilizer in the main irrigation pipe, accumulating the filtered impurities in the back washing system, if the fertigation time is short, the backwashing process is carried out when the fertigation is stopped, sundries accumulated in the backwashing system are washed back into the water tank through the water return pipe by backwashing, if this automatic fertigation device of liquid manure integration is long-term little flow operation, then can set up certain washing cycle, it is smooth and easy to let the water pump water feeding, and the opening of all electric parts stops in this device of control cabinet control.

Furthermore, the back flush system is the automatically controlled formula, including first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve, the third solenoid valve, the fourth solenoid valve, first filter screen and second filter screen, the respective one end of first filter screen and second filter screen is passing through the tube coupling and connecting the one end of being connected the irrigation main pipe on the pipeline, the other end of first filter screen respectively with the first solenoid valve, the third solenoid valve is connected, the other end of second filter screen respectively with the second solenoid valve, the fourth solenoid valve is connected, the respective other end of first solenoid valve and second solenoid valve all with water supply pipe connection, the respective other end of third solenoid valve and fourth solenoid valve all with the wet return connection, first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve, the third solenoid valve, the fourth solenoid valve all is connected with the control cabinet electricity.

First solenoid valve, second solenoid valve, third solenoid valve, fourth solenoid valve carry out on-off control by the control cabinet, and during normal fertigation process, first solenoid valve is opened, and second solenoid valve and third solenoid valve are closed, and fourth solenoid valve is opened or is closed all can, if need water pump exhaust water all to be used for irrigating, then the fourth solenoid valve is closed, if for the abundant second filter screen that washs, then the fourth solenoid valve is opened, and specific washing principle is: the water supply pipe is supplied with water, flow to first filter screen from first solenoid valve, flow backward and toward the irrigation person in charge side by side after first filter screen filters, the debris of going up the aquatic are filtered in first filter screen department, after the irrigation, the water pump continues to operate a short segment of time, in this segment of time, first solenoid valve and fourth solenoid valve are closed, second solenoid valve and third solenoid valve are opened, it passes from second filter screen to go up the water, later reverse through first filter screen washing first filter screen, then flow to the wet return pipe return water tank side by side from the third solenoid valve, also can be arranged in another bilge pit. Back flush in-process minimum debris are filtered in second filter screen department, and during the irrigation of next time, first solenoid valve is opened, when second third solenoid valve is closed, can open earlier for a moment the fourth solenoid valve and carry out the washing of a little meeting second filter screen department, also can be the irrigation process of next time just directly uses the second filter screen as the filter screen that goes up water, promptly: and a pipeline where the second electromagnetic valve is located is used as a water feeding pipe of the backwashing system, and a pipeline where the third electromagnetic valve is located is used as a water return pipe, so that the first filter screen and the second filter screen are alternately used as water feeding filter screens, the normal loss of the filter screens is close, and the first filter screen and the second filter screen are simultaneously replaced when the device is maintained.

Further, the fertilizer preparation system comprises a fertilizer preparation pipe, a fertilizer bin, a blanking machine, a fertilizer tank, a concentration sensor, a flow sensor and a flow regulating valve, wherein the fertilizer preparation pipe is connected to the main irrigation pipe in a parallel bypass mode, the bottom of the fertilizer bin is connected with the fertilizer preparation pipe through the blanking machine, the fertilizer preparation pipe is also provided with the fertilizer tank and the flow regulating valve, the blanking machine is close to the backwashing system, the flow regulating valve is close to the branch irrigation pipe, and the flow sensor is arranged on the main irrigation pipe and between two end parts of the fertilizer preparation pipe; the blanking machine, the concentration sensor, the flow sensor and the flow regulating valve are all electrically connected with the console.

The fertilizer preparation system is used for mixing fertilizer into water according to a certain proportion for irrigation, the fertilizer is accumulated in a fertilizer bin and is put into a fertilizer preparation pipe at a certain speed through a blanking machine, a mixing pipe can be arranged at the connecting position for mixing, the mixing pipe is a venturi pipe, the fertilizer discharged below the blanking machine can be fully absorbed and is not easy to emit water at the connecting position, high-concentration fertilizer liquid mixed with the fertilizer is temporarily stored in a fertilizer liquid tank, a concentration sensor detects the concentration of the high-concentration fertilizer liquid, a flow sensor detects the water flow on a main pipe, the concentration after final mixing can be obtained through calculation, if the concentration is higher than expectation, the amount of the high-concentration fertilizer liquid entering the irrigation main pipe needs to be reduced, and through the control of a flow regulating valve, the water inflow of the fertilizer mixing is carried out in two steps to obtain higher concentration precision, if the water flow and the fertilizer mixing ratio are directly calculated, the powder flow of the blanking machine is inconvenient to control accurately, and the powder also contains substances which do not belong to the fertilizer and are directly used for calculating the influence concentration, so that the concentration of the fertilizer liquid can be accurately controlled by mixing the fertilizer and the water body in two steps.

Further, the irrigation branch pipe comprises a thin pipe and a water distribution valve, the thin pipe is communicated with the irrigation main pipe, a plurality of holes are formed in the surface of the thin pipe along the axial direction, and the water distribution valve is arranged on the holes.

Irrigation branch pipe can be directly set up some through-holes on its surface, and the through-hole outflow of water on irrigation branch pipe who comes from irrigation person in charge also can carry out the irrigation process, but the drawback of this kind of setting mode lies in: the distances between the water outlet holes and the irrigation main pipe are different, so that the water yield is different, the water yield of the holes close to the irrigation main pipe is high, the water yield of the holes far away from the irrigation main pipe is low, even the water does not flow out, and a water distribution valve is added at the water outlet position and has the function of enabling the water yield of each position on the thin pipe to be approximately consistent.

Furthermore, the water distribution valve comprises a valve body, a connector, a guide block, a spring, a valve ball, a valve rod, a metal sheet and an elastic membrane, a water passing channel and a water inlet chamber are arranged in the valve body, the water inlet chamber is connected with a thin pipe through the connector, one end of the water passing channel is open, the other end of the water passing channel is connected with the water inlet chamber, a small conical hole facing the water inlet chamber is arranged on the water passing channel, one side of the water inlet chamber far away from the water passing channel is sealed through the metal sheet and the elastic membrane, the elastic membrane is annular, the outer edge of the elastic membrane is fixedly connected to the valve body, can follow the water passageway inner wall and slide, the guide block is connected with the valve rod towards the one end of intake chamber, and the valve rod passes behind bell mouth, the intake chamber and connects the sheetmetal, and the valve ball suit just is located the macrostoma one side of bell mouth on the valve rod, still is equipped with the spring between valve ball and the guide block, and it has a plurality of water holes of crossing to open on the guide block.

The existence of intake chamber makes the pressure of intaking feed back to the opening power of valve ball on, the water in the tubule enters into the intake chamber after from the connector, if pressure is great, then can extrude the elastic membrane and take place to warp, the water passageway is just also kept away from to the sheetmetal, even the valve rod also carries out a segment and removes, like this, the spring between valve ball and the guide block is compressed more to the opening power of valve ball on the bell mouth also need be big more, promptly: the larger the pressure drop of the water flowing through the valve ball from the water inlet chamber and discharged to the outside is, the process is carried out at each position where the water distribution valve is arranged, the water outlet pressure can be approximately unified, and therefore the water outlet quantity is approximately equal.

Preferably, a sealing ring or a sealing layer is arranged on the contact surface of the valve ball and the valve rod. The setting of sealing washer or sealing layer makes the water in the intake chamber can only extrude the valve ball and just discharge, prevents that the water from revealing away from the contact surface of valve ball and valve rod.

As optimization, the fertilizer distribution pipe is also provided with a check valve, and the flow direction of the check valve is that the outlet end is close to the fertilizer tank. The setting of check valve prevents that the water from taking place the backward flow on joining in marriage fertile pipe, influences concentration control.

Preferably, the first filter screen and the second filter screen are wafer type filter screens, and two sides of the first filter screen and the second filter screen are installed in the pipeline through flange wafer type filters. The wafer type installation can be conveniently taken down and replaced.

Preferably, the flow regulating valve is an electric ball valve. The linearity of the flow characteristic of the ball valve is good, and the corresponding curve of the valve opening and the flow is relatively straight.

As an optimization, the distribution valve is installed upwards. The water body is upwards ejected from the water distribution valve, and the pressure regulating function of the water distribution valve is prevented from being influenced by gravity

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the back flushing system is arranged at the water inlet section, so that sundries in irrigation water can be filtered out, the back pipeline can be prevented from being blocked, the back flushing system runs alternately, the operation is convenient, the sundries at the filter screen can be flushed in time, and the accumulation is prevented; the fertilizer preparation process of the fertilizer preparation system is carried out in two steps, high-concentration fertilizer liquid is mixed with water on the main pipeline through a flow control valve after the concentration is detected, and the concentration control is accurate; the water distribution valve is arranged at the water outlet position of the irrigation water, so that the flow difference caused by the different distances from the irrigation main pipe can be adjusted, the water outlet amount of each water outlet position is approximately equal, and the irrigation effect is good.

Drawings

In order that the present invention may be more readily and clearly understood, a more particular description of the invention briefly described above will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments that are illustrated in the appended drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic overall flow diagram of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a backwash system of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a fertilizer preparation system of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a view showing the structure of the installation of the tubule and the distribution valve according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is an exploded view of the dispensing valve of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the water distribution valve of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-water tank, 21-water feeding pipe, 22-water return pipe, 3-water pump, 4-backwashing system, 41-first electromagnetic valve, 42-second electromagnetic valve, 43-third electromagnetic valve, 44-fourth electromagnetic valve, 45-first filter screen, 46-second filter screen, 5-irrigation main pipe, 6-fertilizer distribution system, 61-fertilizer distribution pipe, 62-check valve, 63-fertilizer bin, 64-blanking machine, 65-mixing pipe, 66-liquid tank fertilizer, 67-concentration sensor, 68-flow sensor, 69-flow regulating valve, 7-irrigation branch pipe, 71-thin pipe, 72-water distribution valve, 721-valve body, 7211-water passing channel, 7212-water inlet chamber, 722-connector 723-guide block, 7231-water through hole, 724-spring, 725-valve ball, 726-valve rod, 727-metal sheet and 728-elastic membrane.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, the water and fertilizer integrated automatic irrigation and fertilization device comprises a water tank 1, a water feeding pipe 21, a water return pipe 22, a water pump 3, a backwashing system 4, an irrigation main pipe 5, a fertilizer distribution system 6, irrigation branch pipes 7 and a control console; the water inlet of the water pump 3 is connected with the water tank 1, the water outlet is connected with the upper water pipe 21, one end of the water return pipe 22 is connected with the water tank 1, the backwashing system 4 is respectively connected with the upper water pipe 21, the water return pipe 22 and the main irrigation pipe 5, the main irrigation pipe 5 is provided with the fertilizer distribution system 6, the tail end of the main irrigation pipe 5 is connected with the plurality of irrigation branch pipes 7, and the console is respectively and electrically connected with the water pump 3 and the fertilizer distribution.

The water and fertilizer integrated automatic irrigation and fertilization device mixes water sucked from a water tank 1 and fertilizer configured by a fertilizer distribution system 6 and then sprays the mixture to soil and near the roots of plants through a plurality of irrigation branch pipes 7, the water suction from the water tank 1 is completed through a water pump 3, the water pump 3 pumps the water to a backwashing system 4, the water flows to an irrigation main pipe 5 after the filtration in the backwashing system 4 is completed, the fertilizer is added on the irrigation main pipe 5, sundries filtered by the backwashing system 4 are accumulated in the backwashing system 4, if the irrigation and fertilization time is short, a backwashing process is carried out when the irrigation and fertilization device is stopped, the backwashing flushes the sundries accumulated in the backwashing system 4 back into the water tank 1 through a water return pipe, if the water and fertilizer integrated automatic irrigation and fertilization device runs for a long time with small flow, a certain flushing period can be set to ensure that the water is supplied by the water pump 3 to be smooth, the console controls the start and stop of all electric parts in the device.

As shown in fig. 2, the backwashing system 4 is of an electric control type, and includes a first electromagnetic valve 41, a second electromagnetic valve 42, a third electromagnetic valve 43, a fourth electromagnetic valve 44, a first filter screen 45 and a second filter screen 46, wherein one end of each of the first filter screen 45 and the second filter screen 46 is connected through a pipeline, and the connecting pipeline is connected with one end of the main irrigation pipe 5, the other end of the first filter screen 45 is connected with the first electromagnetic valve 41 and the third electromagnetic valve 43, the other end of the second filter screen 46 is connected with the second electromagnetic valve 42 and the fourth electromagnetic valve 44, the other ends of the first electromagnetic valve 41 and the second electromagnetic valve 42 are connected with the water supply pipe 21, the other ends of each of the third electromagnetic valve 43 and the fourth electromagnetic valve 44 are connected with the water return pipe 22, and the first electromagnetic valve 41, the second electromagnetic valve 42, the third electromagnetic valve 43 and the fourth electromagnetic valve 44 are electrically connected with.

First solenoid valve 41, second solenoid valve 42, third solenoid valve 43, fourth solenoid valve 44 are all carried out on-off control by the control cabinet, and during normal fertigation process, first solenoid valve 41 opened, and second solenoid valve 42 and third solenoid valve 43 close, and fourth solenoid valve 44 is opened or closed all can, if the water that needs water pump 3 exhaust all is used for irrigating, then fourth solenoid valve 44 closes, if for fully rinsing second filter screen 46, then fourth solenoid valve 44 opens, and specific washing principle is: the water from the water supply pipe 21 flows to the first filter screen 45 from the first electromagnetic valve 41, flows backwards and is discharged to the main irrigation pipe 5 after being filtered by the first filter screen 45, the sundries in the water supply are filtered at the first filter screen 45, after the irrigation is finished, the water pump 3 continues to operate for a short time, in the time, the first electromagnetic valve 41 and the fourth electromagnetic valve 44 are closed, the second electromagnetic valve 42 and the third electromagnetic valve 43 are opened, the water supply passes through the second filter screen 46, then the first filter screen 45 is washed reversely through the first filter screen 45, then the water flows to the water return pipe 22 from the third electromagnetic valve 43 and is returned to the water tank 1, and the water can also be discharged to another sewage bucket. During the back flush, a small amount of impurities are filtered at the second filter screen 46, and during the next irrigation, when the first electromagnetic valve 41 is opened and the second and third electromagnetic valves are closed, the fourth electromagnetic valve 44 can be opened for a while to wash the second filter screen 46 for a while, and the next irrigation process can also directly use the second filter screen 46 as the water feeding filter screen, namely: the pipeline where the second electromagnetic valve 42 is located is used as a water feeding pipe of the backwashing system 4, the pipeline where the third electromagnetic valve 43 is located is used as a water return pipe, the first filter screen 45 and the second filter screen 46 are alternately used as water feeding filter screens, normal loss of the filter screens is close, and the first filter screen 45 and the second filter screen 46 are replaced simultaneously during device maintenance.

As shown in fig. 3, the fertilizer distribution system 6 includes a fertilizer distribution pipe 61, a fertilizer bin 63, a blanking machine 64, a fertilizer liquid tank 66, a concentration sensor 67, a flow sensor 68 and a flow regulating valve 69, the fertilizer distribution pipe 61 is connected to the irrigation main pipe 5 in a parallel bypass manner, the bottom of the fertilizer bin 63 is connected to the fertilizer distribution pipe 61 through the blanking machine 64, the fertilizer distribution pipe 61 is further provided with a fertilizer liquid tank 66 and a flow regulating valve 69, on a liquid flow path, the blanking machine 64 is close to the backwashing system 4, the flow regulating valve 69 is close to the irrigation branch pipe 7, and the irrigation main pipe 5 and between two ends of the fertilizer distribution pipe 61 are provided with the flow sensor 68; the blanking machine 64, the concentration sensor 67, the flow sensor 68 and the flow regulating valve 69 are all electrically connected with the console.

The fertilizer preparation system 6 is used for mixing fertilizer into water in a certain proportion for irrigation, the fertilizer is accumulated in a fertilizer bin 63 and is discharged into a fertilizer preparation pipe 61 at a certain speed through a blanking machine 64, a mixing pipe 65 can be arranged at a connecting position for mixing, the mixing pipe 65 is a venturi pipe, the fertilizer discharged below the blanking machine 64 can be fully absorbed and is not easy to overflow at the connecting position, high-concentration fertilizer liquid mixed with the fertilizer is temporarily stored in a fertilizer liquid tank 66, a concentration sensor 67 detects the concentration of the high-concentration fertilizer liquid, a flow sensor 68 detects the water flow on a main pipe, the concentration after final mixing can be obtained through calculation, if the concentration is higher than expected, the amount of the high-concentration fertilizer liquid entering an irrigation main pipe 5 is adjusted, the control is realized through a flow adjusting valve 69, the two steps of water entering of the fertilizer mixing can be carried out, the higher concentration precision can be obtained, and if the water flow and the fertilizer mixing ratio are directly calculated, the powder flow of the feeding machine 64 is inconvenient to control accurately, and the powder also contains substances which do not belong to the fertilizer and are directly used for calculating the influence concentration, so the fertilizer and water body are mixed in two steps to accurately control the concentration of the fertilizer liquid, the concentration sensor 67 mainly detects the conductivity of the liquid measured by the concentration sensor, and then the concentration sensor obtains the concentration of the solution by using a concentration-conductivity corresponding table stored in the concentration sensor in an electronic form in advance, the concentration sensor 67 is a mature product on the market, and the flow sensor 68 and the flow regulating valve 69 are manufactured by using the product on the market.

As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the irrigation branch pipe 7 includes a narrow pipe 71 and a water distribution valve 72, the narrow pipe 71 is communicated with the irrigation main pipe 5, the narrow pipe 71 is provided with a plurality of holes on the surface thereof along the axial direction, and the water distribution valve 72 is arranged on the holes.

Irrigation branch pipe 7 can be directly set up some through-holes on its surface, and the through-hole outflow of water on irrigation branch pipe 7 that comes from irrigation main pipe 5 also can carry out the irrigation process, but the drawback of this kind of mode of setting lies in: the distance between the water outlet hole and the main irrigation pipe 5 is always different, so that the water outlet amount is different, the water outlet amount of the hole close to the main irrigation pipe 5 is large, the water outlet amount of the hole far away from the main irrigation pipe 5 is low, even the water is not discharged, so that a water distribution valve 72 is added at the water outlet position, and the water distribution valve 72 has the function of enabling the water outlet amount of each position on the thin pipe 71 to be approximately consistent.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the water distribution valve 72 includes a valve body 721, a connector 722, a guide block 723, a spring 724, a valve ball 725, a valve rod 726, a metal sheet 727 and an elastic membrane 728, wherein a water passage 7211 and a water inlet chamber 7212 are arranged in the valve body 721, the water inlet chamber 7212 is connected with the tubule 71 through the connector 722, one end of the water passage 7211 is open, the other end is connected with the water inlet chamber 7212, a small tapered hole facing the water inlet chamber 7212 is arranged on the water passage 7211, one side of the water inlet chamber 7212 far away from the water passage 7211 is sealed by the metal sheet 727 and the elastic membrane 728, the elastic membrane 728 is annular and fixedly connected to the valve body 721 at the outer edge, the metal sheet 727 is arranged in the center of the elastic membrane 728, the guide block 723 is arranged in the water passage 7211 and can slide along the inner wall of the water passage 7211, one end of the guide block 723 facing the water inlet chamber 7212 is connected with the valve rod 726, the valve rod passes through the, a spring 724 is also arranged between the valve ball 725 and the guide block 723, and a plurality of water through holes 7231 are formed in the guide block 723.

The presence of the inlet chamber 7212 allows the inlet pressure to be fed back to the opening force of the ball 725, and after the water in the narrow tube 71 enters the inlet chamber 7212 from the connector 722, as shown in fig. 6, if the pressure (P1) is high, the elastic membrane 728 is squeezed to deform, the metal sheet 727 is far away from the water passage 7211, and the valve rod 726 is moved a small distance, so that the spring 724 between the ball 725 and the guide block 723 is compressed more, and the opening force of the ball 725 on the tapered hole needs to be larger, that is: the greater the pressure drop (P1-P2) from the inlet chamber 7212 through the ball 725 and out to the environment, the more uniform the pressure and hence the volume of water that can be delivered, at each location where the valve 72 is located. The elastic membrane 728 may be a rubber ring adhesively attached to the valve body 721 and the central metal sheet 727 may also be adhesively attached.

A sealing ring or layer is provided on the contact surface of the valve ball 725 and the valve stem 726. The sealing ring or layer is arranged to enable the water in the water inlet chamber 7212 to be discharged only by squeezing the valve ball 725, so that the water is prevented from leaking out of the contact surface between the valve ball 725 and the valve rod 726.

As shown in fig. 3, the fertilizer distributing pipe 61 is further provided with a check valve 62, and the flow direction of the check valve 62 is that the outlet end is close to the fertilizer tank 66. The setting of check valve 62 prevents that the water from taking place the backward flow on joining in marriage fertile pipe 61, influences concentration control.

The first filter screen 45 and the second filter screen 46 are of a wafer type, and both sides are installed in the pipeline through flange wafer type respectively. The wafer type installation can be conveniently taken down and replaced.

The flow regulating valve 69 is an electric ball valve. The linearity of the flow characteristic of the ball valve is good, and the corresponding curve of the valve opening and the flow is relatively straight.

As shown in fig. 4, the distribution valve 72 is mounted facing upward. The water body is ejected upwards from the water distribution valve 72, and the pressure regulating function of the water distribution valve 72 is prevented from being influenced by gravity.

The use process of the device is as follows: the control console controls the water pump 3 to be started, the first electromagnetic valve 41 and the fourth electromagnetic valve 44 to be opened, the second electromagnetic valve 42 and the third electromagnetic valve 43 to be closed, water in the water tank 1 is pumped to the main irrigation pipe 5 through the back flushing system 4, the fertilizer distribution system 6 is configured to distribute fertilizer liquid step by step, the fertilizer liquid is respectively conveyed to each thin pipe 71 at the tail end of the main irrigation pipe 5, and then the fertilizer liquid is respectively sprayed out from each water distribution valve 72 to fertilize soil nearby.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an automatic fertigation device of liquid manure integration which characterized in that: the water and fertilizer integrated automatic irrigation and fertilization device comprises a water tank (1), a water feeding pipe (21), a water return pipe (22), a water pump (3), a backwashing system (4), an irrigation main pipe (5), a fertilizer distribution system (6), irrigation branch pipes (7) and a control console; the water inlet of the water pump (3) is connected with the water tank (1), the water outlet of the water pump is connected with the upper water pipe (21), one end of the water return pipe (22) is connected with the water tank (1), the backwashing system (4) is respectively connected with the upper water pipe (21), the water return pipe (22) and the irrigation main pipe (5), the irrigation main pipe (5) is provided with a fertilizer distribution system (6), the tail end of the irrigation main pipe (5) is connected with a plurality of irrigation branch pipes (7), and the control console is respectively and electrically connected with the water pump (3) and the fertilizer distribution system (6);

the irrigation branch pipe (7) comprises thin pipes (71) and water distribution valves (72), the thin pipes (71) are communicated with the irrigation main pipe (5), a plurality of holes are formed in the surfaces of the thin pipes (71) along the axial direction, and the water distribution valves (72) are arranged on the holes;

the water distribution valve (72) comprises a valve body (721), a connector (722), a guide block (723), a spring (724), a valve ball (725), a valve rod (726), a metal sheet (727) and an elastic membrane (728), wherein a water passing channel (7211) and a water inlet chamber (7212) are arranged in the valve body (721), the water inlet chamber (7212) is connected with a tubule (71) through the connector (722), one end of the water passing channel (7211) is open, one end of the water passing channel is connected with the water inlet chamber (7212), a small hole facing the conical hole of the water inlet chamber (7212) is formed in the water passing channel (7211), one side of the water passing channel (7212) is sealed through the metal sheet (727) and the elastic membrane (728), the elastic membrane (728) is annular and is fixedly connected onto the valve body (721) at the outer edge, the metal sheet (727) is arranged in the center of the elastic membrane (728), and the guide block (723) is arranged in, can slide along water passageway (7211) inner wall, guide block (723) are connected with valve rod (726) towards the one end of intake chamber (7212), valve rod (726) pass taper hole, intake chamber (7212) back connection sheetmetal (727), valve ball (725) suit is on valve rod (726) and is located the big mouth one side of taper hole, still is equipped with spring (724) between valve ball (725) and guide block (723), it has a plurality of water holes (7231) of crossing to open on guide block (723).

2. The water and fertilizer integrated automatic irrigation and fertilization device of claim 1, wherein: the backwashing system (4) is of an electric control type and comprises a first electromagnetic valve (41), a second electromagnetic valve (42), a third electromagnetic valve (43), a fourth electromagnetic valve (44), a first filter screen (45) and a second filter screen (46), wherein one end of each of the first filter screen (45) and the second filter screen (46) is connected with one end of the main irrigation pipe (5) through a pipeline, the other end of the first filter screen (45) is connected with the first electromagnetic valve (41) and the third electromagnetic valve (43) respectively, the other end of the second filter screen (46) is connected with the second electromagnetic valve (42) and the fourth electromagnetic valve (44) respectively, the other end of each of the first electromagnetic valve (41) and the second electromagnetic valve (42) is connected with the water feeding pipe (21), the other end of each of the third electromagnetic valve (43) and the fourth electromagnetic valve (44) is connected with the water return pipe (22), the first electromagnetic valve (41), the second electromagnetic valve (42), the third electromagnetic valve (43) and the fourth electromagnetic valve (44) are all electrically connected with the console.

3. The automatic fertigation device of claim 2, wherein: the fertilizer preparation system (6) comprises a fertilizer preparation pipe (61), a fertilizer bin (63), a blanking machine (64), a fertilizer liquid tank (66), a concentration sensor (67), a flow sensor (68) and a flow regulating valve (69), wherein the fertilizer preparation pipe (61) is connected to the irrigation main pipe (5) in a parallel bypass mode, the bottom of the fertilizer bin (63) is connected with the fertilizer preparation pipe (61) through the blanking machine (64), the fertilizer liquid tank (66) and the flow regulating valve (69) are further arranged on the fertilizer preparation pipe (61), the blanking machine (64) is close to the backwashing system (4) and the flow regulating valve (69) is close to the irrigation branch pipe (7) on a liquid flow path, and the flow sensor (68) is arranged on the irrigation main pipe (5) and between two end parts of the fertilizer preparation pipe (61); the blanking machine (64), the concentration sensor (67), the flow sensor (68) and the flow regulating valve (69) are electrically connected with the console.

4. The automatic fertigation device of claim 3, wherein: and a sealing ring or a sealing layer is arranged on the contact surface of the valve ball (725) and the valve rod (726).

5. The automatic fertigation device of claim 3, wherein: the fertilizer distribution pipe (61) is also provided with a check valve (62), and the flow direction of the check valve (62) is that the outlet end is close to the fertilizer tank (66).

6. The automatic fertigation device of claim 3, wherein: the first filter screen (45) and the second filter screen (46) are wafer type filter screens, and two sides of the first filter screen and the second filter screen are installed in a pipeline through flange wafer type filters.

7. The automatic fertigation device of claim 3, wherein: the flow regulating valve (69) is an electric ball valve.

8. The automatic fertigation device of claim 3, wherein: the water distribution valve (72) is installed upwards.