CN1245628A - 平板型扬声器 - Google Patents

平板型扬声器 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1245628A
CN1245628A CN97181745A CN97181745A CN1245628A CN 1245628 A CN1245628 A CN 1245628A CN 97181745 A CN97181745 A CN 97181745A CN 97181745 A CN97181745 A CN 97181745A CN 1245628 A CN1245628 A CN 1245628A
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loud speaker
flat
radiator element
resonance
plate
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CN1265677C (zh
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K·H·赫伦
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Qinetiq Ltd
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UK Secretary of State for Defence
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/02Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/02Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein
    • H04R1/025Arrangements for fixing loudspeaker transducers, e.g. in a box, furniture
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/02Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
    • H04R7/04Plane diaphragms
    • H04R7/045Plane diaphragms using the distributed mode principle, i.e. whereby the acoustic radiation is emanated from uniformly distributed free bending wave vibration induced in a stiff panel and not from pistonic motion
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/02Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
    • H04R7/04Plane diaphragms
    • H04R7/06Plane diaphragms comprising a plurality of sections or layers

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
  • Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Obtaining Desirable Characteristics In Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)
  • Pyridine Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

为了克服平板芯墙单格中局部共振所引起的声学失真,提供了用于具有工作频率上限fmax的平板型扬声器的共振多模辐射器元件。该元件具有外板和以蜂窝为基的芯墙,外板的厚度h,杨氏模量E,泊松比ν和材料密度ρ,芯墙具有单格尺寸lcell,其特征在于单格尺寸lcell小于(Ⅰ)。

Description

平板型扬声器
本发明涉及用于平板型(pane-form)扬声器的共振多模辐射元件。具体地说,所考虑的是这样的共振多模辐射元件,它能够通过减少扬声器的工作带宽内空气共振的发生来改进这类扬声器的声质量。
美国专利3247925披露了平板型低频扬声器,其工作原理是在重量轻的刚性平板内激发弯曲波,该平板在没有弯曲波的情况下基本上保持静止。这样的辐射平板可以由蜂窝结构或类似格状形状的蜂窝芯墙(core)构成。
声失真可能出现在平板型扬声器中,在这种扬声器中空气共振发生在平板的芯墙中。专利申请PCT/GB91/01262公开了这种类型的声学共振是如何通过确保平板芯墙内出现的第一空气共振所出现的频率高于扬声器的工作频率上限而得到减少的。该频率f芯墙是空气声速c和平板厚度d的函数,其关系式如下:
               f芯墙=c/(2*d)
该关系式根据扬声器的期望工作频率带宽来确定平板芯墙的厚度,扬声器的期望工作频率上限fmax与平板厚度成反比。
可以看出当局部共振出现在紧靠各个芯墙单格(cell)上方的外板(skin)中的时候在平板型扬声器中在平板内出现具有一定频率的第二类声学失真。该局部外板共振的结果是减少平板扬声器的有效抗弯劲度,并因而降低平板的辐射效率。
本发明提供用于具有工作频率上限fmax的平板型扬声器的共振多模辐射器元件,该元件具有外板和以蜂窝为基的芯墙,外板的厚度h,杨氏模量E,泊松比ν和材料密度ρ,芯墙具有单格尺寸lcell,其特征在于单格尺寸lcell小于: πh 4 f max ( E 3 ρ ( 1 - ν 2 ) ) 1 2
可以看出各外板的第一共振频率fskin可以通过使外板弯曲波长与芯墙单格尺寸的两倍匹配而被预测。这样对于抗弯劲度Bskin、每单位面积的质量mskin和单格尺寸lcell,外板的第一共振频率fskin可以作如下定义: f skin = π 2 l cell 2 B skin m skin
对于厚度h、杨氏模量E、泊松比ν和材料密度ρ的各向同性的外板,这演变为:
Figure A9718174500042
这样,通过选择芯墙单格尺寸以确保fskin大于扬声器的工作频率上限fmax,共振效应明显得到降低。重新排列方程(1)并使之与平板型扬声器的工作频率上限相关联,根据下列方程可预测出适当的单格尺寸lcell
Figure A9718174500043
因此单格尺寸的减少可以使外板的第一空气共振频率位于扬声器的工作带宽之外,从而改进声音的质量。由于该频率是反比于单格尺寸的平方,因此对单格尺寸作小的变动就可以获得明显的改进。
本发明的又一方面提供包含前文所述的多模辐射器元件的平板扬声器。扬声器还包括一个安装装置,该装置以自由无阻尼的方式支撑着辐射器元件或将之固定到支撑体上;以及一个耦合到平板上的机电驱动装置,该装置的作用是响应在扬声器的工作频段内的输入电信号而在辐射器元件中激发多模共振。
优选的是,扬声器的特征还在于没有一个外形尺寸小于在扬声器的工作频率最低限处的弯曲波长的一半。
尽管在说明根据本发明的辐射器和扬声器的时候采用术语“扬声器”作为合宜的术语,应当明白的是这不应被理解为要对其作任何限制的暗示,比如只限制其为高保真扬声器。相反,本发明可以适用于范围包括从较小尺寸的扬声器到使用于比如大范围公共广播系统中的非常大的扬声器在内的各种尺寸的扬声器。
下面借助于例子参考由0.5m×0.5m平方的铝制外板、铝制蜂窝为芯墙的复合材料,示意说明本发明的具体平板芯墙。芯墙深度是0.02米,每个外板的厚度是0.003米。对于铝,E=7×1010,ρ=2700,并且ν=0.3(单位mks,即米-千克-秒),这样
Figure A9718174500051
近似等于3081.7m/s。假设期望的频率上限是28kHz,并且应用上面的方程(2),那么lcell的最大可期望大小变得近似为0.016米。

Claims (3)

1.用于具有工作频率上限fmax的平板型扬声器的共振多模辐射器元件,该元件具有外板和以蜂窝(即,格状结构)为基的芯墙,外板的厚度h,杨氏模量E,泊松比ν和材料密度ρ,芯墙具有单格尺寸lcell,其特征在于单格尺寸lcell小于: πh 4 f max ( E 3 ρ ( 1 - ν 2 ) ) 1 2
2.包含多模辐射器元件的平板型扬声器,该扬声器还包括一个安装装置,该装置以自由无阻尼的方式支撑辐射器元件或将之固定到支撑体上;以及一个耦合到所述元件上的机电驱动装置,该驱动装置的作用是响应位于扬声器的工作频段内的输入电信号而在辐射器平板中激发多模共振,其特征在于该多模辐射器元件是如权利要求1所述的多模辐射器元件。
3.根据权利要求2所述的平板型扬声器,其特征还在于没有一个外形尺寸小于在扬声器的工作频率低限处的弯曲波长的一半。
CNB971817456A 1996-12-11 1997-12-08 平板型扬声器 Expired - Fee Related CN1265677C (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9625731.6 1996-12-11
GB9625731A GB2320393A (en) 1996-12-11 1996-12-11 Panel form loudspeaker

Publications (2)

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CN1245628A true CN1245628A (zh) 2000-02-23
CN1265677C CN1265677C (zh) 2006-07-19

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EP (1) EP0945042B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP3907211B2 (zh)
KR (1) KR100460818B1 (zh)
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AT (1) ATE200949T1 (zh)
AU (1) AU728609B2 (zh)
BR (1) BR9713919B1 (zh)
CA (1) CA2273936C (zh)
CZ (1) CZ297254B6 (zh)
DE (1) DE69704715T2 (zh)
DK (1) DK0945042T3 (zh)
ES (1) ES2156406T3 (zh)
GB (2) GB2320393A (zh)
GR (1) GR3035828T3 (zh)
HK (1) HK1026105A1 (zh)
HU (1) HU223982B1 (zh)
ID (1) ID22480A (zh)
IL (1) IL130418A0 (zh)
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PT (1) PT945042E (zh)
RU (1) RU2150180C1 (zh)
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KR100460818B1 (ko) 2004-12-09
ES2156406T3 (es) 2001-06-16
KR20000069437A (ko) 2000-11-25
PT945042E (pt) 2001-10-31
US6215882B1 (en) 2001-04-10
CZ205399A3 (cs) 1999-10-13
DE69704715D1 (de) 2001-06-07
AU5404198A (en) 1998-07-03
HU223982B1 (hu) 2005-04-28
GR3035828T3 (en) 2001-08-31
IL130418A0 (en) 2000-06-01
DK0945042T3 (da) 2001-05-28
CA2273936A1 (en) 1998-06-18
BR9713919A (pt) 2000-03-21
NZ336136A (en) 2001-02-23
GB2320393A (en) 1998-06-17
EP0945042B1 (en) 2001-05-02
GB9911635D0 (en) 1999-07-21
JP2001506080A (ja) 2001-05-08
RU2150180C1 (ru) 2000-05-27
CZ297254B6 (cs) 2006-10-11
BR9713919B1 (pt) 2009-01-13
GB2334402B (en) 2000-10-11
GB9625731D0 (en) 1997-01-29
WO1998026630A1 (en) 1998-06-18
DE69704715T2 (de) 2001-09-20
JP3907211B2 (ja) 2007-04-18
UA41483C2 (uk) 2001-09-17
HK1026105A1 (en) 2000-12-01
GB2334402A (en) 1999-08-18
ATE200949T1 (de) 2001-05-15
CN1265677C (zh) 2006-07-19
EP0945042A1 (en) 1999-09-29
HUP0003105A3 (en) 2002-11-28
AU728609B2 (en) 2001-01-11
ID22480A (id) 1999-10-21
HUP0003105A1 (hu) 2001-01-29
CA2273936C (en) 2003-09-16

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