CN1241763C - 车轮悬架装置 - Google Patents

车轮悬架装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1241763C
CN1241763C CN01116588.XA CN01116588A CN1241763C CN 1241763 C CN1241763 C CN 1241763C CN 01116588 A CN01116588 A CN 01116588A CN 1241763 C CN1241763 C CN 1241763C
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suspension device
wheel suspension
intermediate rod
wheel
automobile
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CN1318480A (zh
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T·欣策
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Volkswagen AG
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Volkswagen AG
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G3/00Resilient suspensions for a single wheel
    • B60G3/18Resilient suspensions for a single wheel with two or more pivoted arms, e.g. parallelogram
    • B60G3/20Resilient suspensions for a single wheel with two or more pivoted arms, e.g. parallelogram all arms being rigid
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G7/00Pivoted suspension arms; Accessories thereof
    • B60G7/008Attaching arms to unsprung part of vehicle
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2200/00Indexing codes relating to suspension types
    • B60G2200/10Independent suspensions
    • B60G2200/18Multilink suspensions, e.g. elastokinematic arrangements
    • B60G2200/182Multilink suspensions, e.g. elastokinematic arrangements with one longitudinal arm or rod and lateral rods
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2200/00Indexing codes relating to suspension types
    • B60G2200/10Independent suspensions
    • B60G2200/18Multilink suspensions, e.g. elastokinematic arrangements
    • B60G2200/184Assymetric arrangements
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2200/00Indexing codes relating to suspension types
    • B60G2200/40Indexing codes relating to the wheels in the suspensions
    • B60G2200/46Indexing codes relating to the wheels in the suspensions camber angle
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2200/00Indexing codes relating to suspension types
    • B60G2200/40Indexing codes relating to the wheels in the suspensions
    • B60G2200/462Toe-in/out
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2202/00Indexing codes relating to the type of spring, damper or actuator
    • B60G2202/10Type of spring
    • B60G2202/12Wound spring
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/10Mounting of suspension elements
    • B60G2204/12Mounting of springs or dampers
    • B60G2204/124Mounting of coil springs
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/10Mounting of suspension elements
    • B60G2204/12Mounting of springs or dampers
    • B60G2204/124Mounting of coil springs
    • B60G2204/1244Mounting of coil springs on a suspension arm
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/10Mounting of suspension elements
    • B60G2204/12Mounting of springs or dampers
    • B60G2204/129Damper mount on wheel suspension or knuckle
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/10Mounting of suspension elements
    • B60G2204/14Mounting of suspension arms
    • B60G2204/148Mounting of suspension arms on the unsprung part of the vehicle, e.g. wheel knuckle or rigid axle
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/40Auxiliary suspension parts; Adjustment of suspensions
    • B60G2204/422Links for mounting suspension elements
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60GVEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2206/00Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
    • B60G2206/01Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
    • B60G2206/10Constructional features of arms
    • B60G2206/11Constructional features of arms the arm being a radius or track or torque or steering rod or stabiliser end link

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
  • Devices For Conveying Motion By Means Of Endless Flexible Members (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于汽车后轮的车轮悬架装置,带有一个基本沿汽车纵向延伸的纵拉杆(1)和三个基本垂直于汽车纵向延伸的横拉杆,其中两个横拉杆(2,3)设置在下面的一个平面内,一个横拉杆(4)设置在与之间隔一定距离的上面的一个平面内,横拉杆铰接在一个共同的车轮架(8)上,其中上横拉杆(4)是三个横拉杆中最短的。

Description

车轮悬架装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于汽车后轮的车轮悬架装置。
背景技术
这种形式的车轮悬架装置已知有很多种实施形式。这种已知的车轮悬架装置具有一个沿汽车纵向延伸的纵拉杆和三个基本沿着汽车横向延伸的横拉杆。在这种已知的车轮悬架装置中,两个下面的横拉杆构成承载平面并与上面的横拉杆间隔一定距离延伸。在这种已知的车轮悬架装置中,上面的横拉杆弯曲,使得它穿过汽车车架纵梁的下方延伸,并在纵梁内例如支承在一个橡胶轴承中。
已知的车轮悬架装置在铰接在车身上的车轮悬架装置压缩或弹起时导致外倾角经过零点,从而导致汽车两个后轮之间的轮距变化。由于与此相连的各车轮支承点的偏移,会出现对汽车直线行驶性能的一种负面影响。
发明内容
因此,本发明的任务是改进这种已知的车轮悬架装置,使汽车的直线行驶性能得到改善。
为解决此任务,本发明提出一种用于汽车后轮的车轮悬架装置,带有一个基本沿汽车纵向延伸的纵拉杆和三个基本垂直于汽车纵向延伸的横拉杆,其中两个横拉杆设置在下面的一个平面内,一个横拉杆与之间隔一定距离地设置在上面的一个平面内,横拉杆铰接在一个共同的车轮架上,其中,上横拉杆是这三个横拉杆中最短的,以及,沿汽车行驶方向位于前面的下横拉杆要比后面的下横拉杆短,下横拉杆和纵拉杆在汽车一侧的铰接点位于一直线上。
根据本发明,用于汽车后轮的车轮悬架装置备有一个基本沿汽车纵向延伸的纵拉杆和三个基本垂直于汽车纵向延伸的横拉杆,其中两个设置在下面的平面内,一个设置在与之间隔一定距离的上面的平面内,横拉杆铰接在一个共同的车轮架上,上面的横拉杆是三个横拉杆中最短的。
这种将上面的横拉杆设计成短的方案意外地获得了以下结果,即在由此设计成的汽车运行时不仅在车轮悬架装置压缩时而且在其弹起时都能出现负外倾角,从而比配备了已知车轮悬架装置的汽车的轮距变化明显较小。
根据本发明建议,上横拉杆的长度使得其在车身侧的铰接点沿汽车纵向看位于汽车纵梁之外。这使得上横拉杆可以设计成直杆,从而明显减低了制造成本。
附图说明
下面借助附图详细描述本发明。图示为:
图1是根据本发明第一种实施形式的车轮悬架装置的透视图;
图2是本发明第二种实施形式;
图3A是与已知车轮悬架装置的外倾角比较,在车轮悬架装置压缩和弹起时的外倾角示意图;
图3B是与已知车轮悬架装置比较,在车轮悬架装置压缩和弹起时的轮距变化示意图。
具体实施方式
图1中示出的本发明车轮悬架装置的第一种实施形式,具有一个纵拉杆1、一个下面的短的横拉杆2和一个下面的长的横拉杆3以及一个直杆形状的上横拉杆4。
上横拉杆4在此处是图示车轮悬架装置的三个横拉杆2,3,4中最短的。纵拉杆1以及三个横拉杆2,3,4各有一个铰接点5,通过该铰接点各个拉杆例如可以铰接固定在车身上的一个橡胶轴承中。
通过与各铰接点5相对的铰接点,纵拉杆1和横拉杆装在一个车轮架8上。
一个示意出的弹簧6和一个减振器7示出了弹簧减振系统。
图2中示出的车轮悬架装置与图1中的车轮悬架装置不同在于,所有的横拉杆都比图1中相应的横拉杆长,因此使车轮支承点横向偏移更小。此外,上横梁10设计成弯曲的,但仍然是三个横拉杆中最短的。由此可以确定,在两种实施形式中,纵拉杆1、下面的短横拉杆2和11和下面的长横拉杆3和9的与车轮架相对的铰接点基本位于一条直线上,由此可以确定两个下横拉杆之间的几何比例。
图3A示出了与已知车轮悬架装置比较,本发明的车轮悬架装置在压缩和弹起时的外倾角,图3B示出了与已知的车轮悬架装置比较,本发明的车轮悬架装置在压缩和弹起时轮距的变化。
如图3A清楚所示,根据本发明的车轮悬架装置即带有一个短拉杆的车轮悬架装置的外倾角在压缩和弹起的整个弹簧范围都是负的,而带有长的上横拉杆的已知车轮悬架装置的外倾角从负的变到正的,因此尤其在弹起时产生一个负的轮距变化,这导致直线行驶性能变差。图3B示出了这里描述的轮距变化示意图。对带有短横拉杆的本发明车轮悬架装置,轮距变化在整个弹簧范围明显小于带有长的横拉杆的已知车轮悬架装置,因而本发明的优点非常清楚。
车轮悬架装置的优点还在于,三个横拉杆在车身侧的铰接点位于对应于轮辋凹处直径的圆周内,并且两个下横拉杆展开成一个基本水平的平面,从而可以获得非常紧凑的铰接点布置。

Claims (7)

1.用于汽车后轮的车轮悬架装置,带有一个基本沿汽车纵向延伸的纵拉杆(1)和三个基本垂直于汽车纵向延伸的横拉杆,其中两个横拉杆(2,3;9,11)设置在下面的一个平面内,一个横拉杆(4,10)与之间隔一定距离地设置在上面的一个平面内,横拉杆铰接在一个共同的车轮架(8)上,其中,上横拉杆(4;10)是这三个横拉杆中最短的,其特征在于,沿汽车行驶方向位于前面的下横拉杆(2;11)要比后面的下横拉杆(3;9)短,下横拉杆(2,3;9,11)和纵拉杆(1)在汽车一侧的铰接点基本上位于一直线上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的车轮悬架装置,其特征在于,上横拉杆(4;10)的长度使得其在车身侧的铰接点(5)沿汽车纵向看设置在汽车纵梁之外。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的车轮悬架装置,其特征在于,上横拉杆(4)设计成直杆。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的车轮悬架装置,其特征在于,上横拉杆(10)设计成弯曲的。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的车轮悬架装置,其特征在于,三个横拉杆的长度比例使得不仅在汽车车身上的车轮悬架装置压缩时而且在其弹起时都出现负的外倾角。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的车轮悬架装置,其特征在于,三个横拉杆在车身侧的铰接点位于与轮辋凹处的直径对应的圆周内,两个下面的横拉杆展开成一个基本水平的平面。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的车轮悬架装置,其特征在于,所有横拉杆在车轮架(8)上的连接位于轮辋凹处内部。
CN01116588.XA 2000-04-15 2001-04-13 车轮悬架装置 Expired - Fee Related CN1241763C (zh)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102802970A (zh) * 2010-03-16 2012-11-28 大众汽车有限公司 用于多连杆式独立悬架的车轮支架

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100453350C (zh) * 2003-07-03 2009-01-21 爱信轻金属株式会社 悬架臂
US7325820B2 (en) 2005-07-11 2008-02-05 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Independent rear suspension
JP4661483B2 (ja) * 2005-09-20 2011-03-30 マツダ株式会社 リヤサスペンション装置
GB2442716B (en) * 2006-10-13 2011-05-04 Ford Global Tech Llc Independent rear suspension
DE102010018135A1 (de) * 2010-04-24 2011-10-27 Audi Ag Verfahren zum Betreiben einer mechatronischen Fahrwerkeinrichtung eines Kraftfahrzeugs
DE102010021215A1 (de) 2010-05-21 2011-11-24 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Mehrlenker-Radaufhängung
FR2991014A1 (fr) * 2012-05-25 2013-11-29 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Systeme de fixation anti-glissement d'une tole sur un support
CN103287235A (zh) * 2013-06-26 2013-09-11 成都欣领航科技有限公司 用于减震弹簧的延长装置
DE102014118518B4 (de) * 2014-12-12 2022-03-24 Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh Mehrteiliger Federlenker
DE102016201251B4 (de) * 2016-01-28 2023-06-22 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Radaufhängungsvorrichtung
DE102021104230B4 (de) 2020-12-11 2022-11-03 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Radmodul

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JP2714969B2 (ja) * 1989-01-13 1998-02-16 マツダ株式会社 自動車のサスペンション装置
KR0180371B1 (ko) * 1993-11-01 1999-03-20 전성원 자동차의 현가장치
DE4412101B4 (de) * 1994-04-08 2005-09-15 Audi Ag Unabhängige Radaufhängung

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102802970A (zh) * 2010-03-16 2012-11-28 大众汽车有限公司 用于多连杆式独立悬架的车轮支架
CN102802970B (zh) * 2010-03-16 2016-03-30 大众汽车有限公司 用于多连杆式独立悬架的车轮支架

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EP1145877B1 (de) 2008-05-21
ATE396070T1 (de) 2008-06-15
CN1318480A (zh) 2001-10-24
EP1145877A3 (de) 2005-01-05
DE50113983D1 (de) 2008-07-03
EP1145877A2 (de) 2001-10-17
DE10018764A1 (de) 2001-10-18

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