CN1240267C - Ecological engineering technology for reforming saline-alkali bare land by inserting maize stalk and planting grass - Google Patents
Ecological engineering technology for reforming saline-alkali bare land by inserting maize stalk and planting grass Download PDFInfo
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- CN1240267C CN1240267C CN 200410030324 CN200410030324A CN1240267C CN 1240267 C CN1240267 C CN 1240267C CN 200410030324 CN200410030324 CN 200410030324 CN 200410030324 A CN200410030324 A CN 200410030324A CN 1240267 C CN1240267 C CN 1240267C
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- cuttage
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Abstract
The present invention belongs to the reconstruction of bare saline-alkaline patches in salinized and basified lawns, which particularly relates to the technology of the quick planting ecological engineering of vegetation. In the present invention, cuttage is carried out on corn stalk segments in a bare saline-alkaline patch, and perennial plant seeds are sown in the broadcast manner at the cuttage points of corn stalks. The cuttage of the corn stalks leads to the effective interception of the seeds of annual plant Chloris virgata, the stalks are simultaneously decomposed so that nutrient substances are released, the physicochemical property of soil is improved, and the purpose of forming the grass spots of annual Chloris virgata at the cuttage points of corn stalks is achieved. The grass spots of Chloris virgata further improve soil conditions to offer growing environments for perennial plants including Chinese wildrye and saline and alkali soil. Multiple grass spots are simultaneously and continually enlarged and are mutually connected, and thereby, bare saline-alkaline patches can be quickly recovered to form lawns which are covered by vegetation, and thereby, the lawns which are covered by vegetation can be utilized. The present invention has the advantages of simple operation, effectiveness, low cost, sustainable development, easy popularization., etc.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to saline-alkali bare land transformation in the saline-alkali grassland, particularly the quick planting ecological engineering technology of vegetation.
Technical background
In recent years and since human produce and life in unreasonable activity, particularly overgrazing, blindly activities such as reclamations of wasteland cause northeast saline-alkali grassland area constantly to enlarge, salinization and alkalization is aggravated gradually, forms the saline-alkali bare land of sheet gradually.The alkaline land vegetation covering power is zero, and soil evaporativeness strengthens, and constantly the salinity with deep layer accumulates to the face of land, becomes the salt alkali source, simultaneously by water erosion and eolian erosion, causes and increases the weight of contiguous meadow and farmland salinization of soil.Therefore, how apace saline-alkali bare land being reverted to the meadow that vegetation covers, is the most important thing during the saline-alkali grassland improvement utilizes.
For the improvement of saline-alkali bare land, have following three kinds of methods main the end: 1. chemical method, by chemical improvement agents such as calcareous materials such as gypsuming and ardealite, acidic materials and the water-loss reducer physicochemical property of improving the soil; 2. physical method, measures such as rake loosens the soil by turning over, irrigation strengthen soil and drench salt, or improve soil physico-chemical property by the soil moved in to improve the original mode; 3. biological pathway, by the plantation saline alkali tolerant plant, manually set up litter layer, applying organic manure, organic manure and turn over modes such as pressing green manure increase the cover degree of soil, reduce soil evaporation, improve soil condition.Though these methods have significant effect to the improvement saline-alkali bare land, but be subjected to some conditions (as water resource, drainage condition etc.) restriction and since the improvement cost (2000～4000 yuan/hectare) too high, existing economic condition can not satisfy, and improvement method can not obtain large-area popularization.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of patent of the present invention provides a kind of new cuttage maize straw and sows the ecological engineering technology of dogstail transformation salinity bare area, broadcast sowing the perennial grass seed by cuttage maize straw on saline-alkali bare land and at cuttage maize straw place, utilize maize straw interception therophytes seed to form therophytes grass spot, the grass spot provides suitable growing environment for perennial grass, and then set up perennial plant grass spot, grass spot area constantly enlarges, interconnect, increase soil face of land covering power, improve soil physico-chemical property, reach the meadow of the health that apace saline-alkali bare land is reverted to the vegetation covering.
The purpose of patent of the present invention is achieved in that at first, in mid-May in spring maize straw being cut into length is the 10-25cm segment, utilize spade or homemade wedge instrument on saline-alkali bare land, to dig out the dark pitting of 5-15cm, with maize straw section youngster vertically cuttage in the hole, and note maize straw section youngster is basseted slightly.(10-15 grain) perennial grass plant seed such as sheep's hay, wild barley and alkali thatch seed broadcasting are in maize straw cuttage place on a small quantity then, and earthing up on a small quantity or not earthing up gets final product.The line-spacing of king's rice stalk is controlled at 40-60cm, and spacing is at 30-40cm.As want to shorten recovery time, can dwindle spacing and line-spacing, the line-spacing of rice stalk is controlled at 40-60cm, and spacing is at 30-40cm.As want to shorten recovery time, can dwindle spacing and line-spacing, but corresponding cost increasing, the amount of broadcasting sowing of perennial grass plant seed is 10-15kgha
-1
Cuttage maize straw on saline-alkali bare land, at first mainly played following three aspect effects: (1) has destroyed the topsoil structure, has played the effect of loosening the soil and reducing soil evaporation; Strengthened the soil moisture permeance property, be beneficial to precipitation and drench salt; Maize straw decomposes simultaneously, discharges nutriment lentamente, has improved the physicochemical property of soil; (2) uneven, interstices of soil of the soil surface of fragmentation and exposed maize straw interception therophytes speedwell seed have increased the seed content of cuttage maize straw soil place seed bank; (3) out-of-flatness of upper soll layer and exposed maize straw are tackled the sand that its elsewhere wind erosion comes, and improve the soil texture.Secondly because cuttage maize straw place soil physico-chemical property improves and gathers a large amount of plant seeds is arranged, at cuttage maize straw place plant seed germination, the therophytes growth forms little therophytes speedwell grass spot rapidly apace during rainy season in July.Therophytes grass spot reduces the evaporation of soil, and it is poly-to suppress the soil salt submeter: poly-husky, improve the soil texture; Strengthen soil and drench salt, reduce surface soil salinity; Withered acrial part and underground root can increase the soil organic matter etc., and soil physico-chemical property is further improved.When the therophytes seed maturity, most seeds are tackled at therophytes root place by therophytes grass spot, for the breeding of plant later on provides a large amount of seed sources.So far, the plant plait patch at cuttage maize straw place constantly enlarges, the physicochemical property of soil constantly improves, the advantage that perennial plant can utilize therophytes grass spot to create, grown and bred and also constantly replaced therophytes, form stable perennial sheep's hay or alkali thatch group, thereby syndynamic is developed towards the forward succession.
The present invention mainly produces following beneficial effect: (1) this method has (500～700 yuan/hectare) simple to operate, effective, with low cost, sustainable and be easy to the popularization characteristics; (2) apace saline-alkali bare land is reverted to the meadow that vegetation covers, 1 year vegetation cover degree is 20-30%, and 1 year is 50～70%, and the wind erosion of elimination saline-alkali bare land and water erosion are to the destruction in contiguous meadow and farmland; (3) improve the meadow productivity.Behind the cuttage maize straw; Grass yield was 0.7～1.0 ton/hectare in 1 year, and 1 year grass yield is 1.5-1.8 ton/hectare; (3) set up therophytes grass spot, improve soil physico-chemical property, for perennial grass plant such as sheep's hay, wild barley and alkali thatch etc. are created growing environment; (4) topsoil (0-20cm) physicochemical property improves: salinity reduces by 50%, and the bulk density of soil reduces by 11%, and the soil organic matter increases 60%.
Perennial plant seed plant characteristics after 2 years is not broadcasted sowing at table 1 cuttage maize straw place
| Floristics | Clump number (clump number/cuttage) | Highly (cm) | Cover degree | Ground biomass (g/ cuttage) | Underground biomass (g/ cuttage) | Brood body (seed) |
| Speedwell | 175 | 53.5 | 50-70％ | 105.3 | 32.3 | 1310/100cm -1 |
Perennial plant seed plant characteristics after 2 years is broadcasted sowing at table 2 cuttage maize straw place
| Floristics | Account for the cuttage sum | Highly (cm) | Cover degree | Ground biomass | Underground biomass | Brood body |
| Percentage | (g/ cuttage) | (g/ cuttage) | ||||
| Speedwell | 69.3 | 50.5 | 50-70 | 88.5 | 27.4 | 1240 seed/100cm -2 |
| Sheep's hay | 2.1 | 32.5 | 1-2 | 29.5 | 15.9 | 157 underground bud/cuttages |
| The alkali thatch | 28.4 | 37.5 | 10-20 | 107.8 | 42.5 | - |
Table 3 cuttage maize straw is the variation of soil (0-10cm) physicochemical property after 2 years
| PH | Electrical conductivity (us/cm) | Unit weight (g/cm -3) | Moisture (%) | The sand bed degree of depth (cm) | Organic (%) | |
| Cuttage place | 10.33 | 1.55 | 1.36 | 13.7 | 3.0-4.5 | 1.10 |
| Contrast place | 10.48 | 4.74 | 1.59 | 11.8 | 0 | 0.66 |
Embodiment
Preferred plan of the present invention is best results when 8-9 month plant seed is ripe, it is the 10-25cm segment that maize straw is cut into length, utilize spade or homemade wedge instrument on saline-alkali bare land, to dig out the dark pitting of 10cm, with maize straw section youngster vertically cuttage in the hole, and note maize straw section youngster is basseted slightly.(10-15 grain) perennial grass plant seed such as sheep's hay, wild barley and alkali thatch seed broadcasting are in maize straw cuttage place on a small quantity then, and earthing up on a small quantity or not earthing up gets final product.The line-spacing of maize straw is controlled at 40-60cm, and spacing is at 30-40cm.As want to shorten recovery time, can dwindle spacing and line-spacing, but corresponding cost increasing, the amount of broadcasting sowing of perennial grass plant seed is 10-15kg ha
-1After next year, at the suitable after-culture perennial grass in careless spot place (as sheep's hay), perennial plant is easier settles down at the cuttage stalk.
Claims (1)
1, a kind of cuttage maize straw is also sowed the method for dogstail transformation salinity bare area, it is characterized in that: at first, in mid-May in spring or the 8-9 month maize straw to be cut into length be the 10-25cm segment, utilize spade or homemade wedge instrument on saline-alkali bare land, to dig out the dark pitting of 5-15cm, with maize straw section youngster vertically cuttage to the hole in, and note maize straw section youngster is basseted slightly, then with a small amount of 10-15 grain perennial grass plant seed sheep's hay, wild barley and alkali thatch seed broadcasting are in maize straw cuttage place, earth up on a small quantity or do not earth up and get final product, the line-spacing of maize straw is controlled at 40-60cm, spacing is at 30-40cm, and the amount of broadcasting sowing of perennial grass plant seed is 10-15kg ha
-1
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410030324 CN1240267C (en) | 2004-03-15 | 2004-03-15 | Ecological engineering technology for reforming saline-alkali bare land by inserting maize stalk and planting grass |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200410030324 CN1240267C (en) | 2004-03-15 | 2004-03-15 | Ecological engineering technology for reforming saline-alkali bare land by inserting maize stalk and planting grass |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1561672A CN1561672A (en) | 2005-01-12 |
| CN1240267C true CN1240267C (en) | 2006-02-08 |
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| CN 200410030324 Expired - Fee Related CN1240267C (en) | 2004-03-15 | 2004-03-15 | Ecological engineering technology for reforming saline-alkali bare land by inserting maize stalk and planting grass |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100425114C (en) * | 2005-11-24 | 2008-10-15 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Weeping alkaligrass micro ridge cultivating method in severe soda saline-alkali land |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101775381B (en) * | 2010-01-12 | 2012-03-14 | 北京农业生物技术研究中心 | Plant stress tolerance correlative protein kinase, encoding gene and application thereof |
| CN101779536B (en) * | 2010-03-03 | 2011-06-08 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for transforming salinization and low yield farmland |
| CN104741368A (en) * | 2015-04-02 | 2015-07-01 | 黄晓东 | Method for biological remediation of soil with saline-alkali harms and application |
-
2004
- 2004-03-15 CN CN 200410030324 patent/CN1240267C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100425114C (en) * | 2005-11-24 | 2008-10-15 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Weeping alkaligrass micro ridge cultivating method in severe soda saline-alkali land |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1561672A (en) | 2005-01-12 |
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