CN104741368A - Method for biological remediation of soil with saline-alkali harms and application - Google Patents
Method for biological remediation of soil with saline-alkali harms and application Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for biological remediation of soil with saline-alkali harms and an application. The method comprises the following steps of: planting remediation plants in the soil and applying a remediation biological preparation on the soil, wherein the remediation plants are one or combination of more in annual hybrid forage sorghum, barley and oat; the remediation biological preparation at least comprises bacterium solution containing plant-growth promoting bacteria Pseudomonas cedrina UW3 and Pseudomonas putida UW4; the preferred soil is the soil with the saline-alkali harms; the more-preferred saline alkali contains Na<+>, Cl<->, CO4<2-> and SO4<2->; the preferred oat is forage-type oat. The method provided by the invention has the advantages that the time of soil remediation can be greatly shortened, and generally, the soil can be remediated to the level before pollution in a controllable time ranging from 3 years to 5 years at a region with serious pollution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to soil remediation field, specifically, relate to a kind of method and application of biological prosthetic perniciousness harm soil.
Background technology
Along with modernization industrial expansion, soil pollution becomes one of global environmental problem gradually.Especially mining, metal smelt, oil exploitation and Production in Chemical Plant is the most serious to soil pollution.Cause heavy metal, hydrocarbon compound and various poisonous salts too high levels in soil, and be difficult to for a long period of time eliminate totally by natural decomposition.
Soil pollution is not only direct produces toxic action to human body, also causes grain drop in production, is even endangered the health of people by the heavy metal in grain and salt too high levels further.
According to relevant department to seven urban surveys such as capital, Tianjin, Shanghai, in 123 kinds of vegetables, nitrate slight pollution have 34 kinds, account for 27.6%, in highly polluted account for 72.4%.According to World Health Organization's data, nitrate can cause a disease to 3 months babies, and produce blue baby's disease, the death rate is up to 8 ‰; Secondly, nitrate can be converted into nitrite and secondary amine or other amine and synthesize nitrosamine in human body, causes cancer in digestive system.
According to agricultural university of China data, some regional fresh goods leaf vegetables are per jin containing nitrate 4000-6000 milligram, and root vegetables radish also reaches 2000-4000 mg/kg.By year consumption fresh vegetable 200 jin calculating per capita, year absorbs nitrate 1,000,000 milligrams of/year people per capita.Strange disease in urban and rural residents, strange illness are relevant all therewith.
How to eliminate the pollution problem of soil, become instant problem.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned prior art problem, one object of the present invention is a kind of method providing biological prosthetic perniciousness harm soil, and described method is included in soil plants rehabilitation plant and applies to repair biologic product to soil.
Another object of the present invention is to described rehabilitation plant is provided and repair biologic product combine the application in soil remediation.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, on the one hand, the invention provides a kind of method of biological prosthetic perniciousness harm soil, described method is included in soil plants rehabilitation plant and applies to repair biologic product to soil, described rehabilitation plant is one or more the combination in one or more the combination oat in annual hybridization Forage Sorghum (CFSH30, the triple hybrid of sudangrass and Forage Sorghum), barley and oat (Avena sativa); Described reparation biologic product at least comprises the bacterium liquid containing plant growth-promoting bacteria, and described bacterium liquid contains plant growth-promoting bacteria Pseudomonas cedrina UW3 and Pseudomonas putida UW4.
Plant growth-promoting bacteria can suppress the generation of ethene in plant, and synthesizes useful auxin, in order to Promoting plant growth.And the present invention finds, plant growth-promoting bacteria can also promote the salt metabolism of plant, and root system of plant is to the absorption of salt-alkali contaminated thing, even can protective plant from the injury of pollutant in soil.
Further, the present invention is by a large amount of experiments, and the bacterial classification selected by discovery and specific plant have good cooperative effect, can remove the inorganic salts in soil more efficiently.
Wherein the preferred described soil of the present invention is the soil being subject to saline and alkaline erosion.
Wherein more preferably described saline and alkaline for containing Na
+, Cl
-, CO
4 2-, SO
4 2-saline and alkaline.
Wherein preferred described barley is forage grass type barley;
Wherein also preferred described oat is forage grass type oat.
Wherein annual hybridization Forage Sorghum of the present invention, barley and the commercially available acquisition of oat, such as can purchased from www.aerc.com;
Wherein Pseudomonas cedrina UW3 of the present invention and Pseudomonas putida UW4 is recorded in Chinese patent application 200810181327.8, and the present invention no longer repeats.
For example, in bacterium liquid, the bacterium number ratio of UW3 and UW4 is 1:2 ~ 2:1.
Again for example, described reparation biologic product also comprises composite carrier, and described composite carrier to comprise in organic matter, humic acid, decomposed organic matter, complexing displacer, embedded material two or more combination arbitrarily; The ratio of preferred composite carrier and bacterium liquid is bacterium number at least 0.2 ~ 200,000,000/every gram composite carrier of plant growth-promoting bacteria; Also preferred is 100% for benchmark with the weight of composite carrier, and described composite carrier comprises the composition of following percentage by weight: the organic matter of 15 ~ 35%, the humic acid of 12 ~ 32%, the decomposed organic matter of 12 ~ 32%, the complexing displacer of 5 ~ 22% and 0.01 ~ 1% embedded material.
The preparation of this microbial inoculum with reference to the preparation method of patent 200810181327.8, wherein can be specially:
(1). get 1 gram of plant rhizosphere soil, immerse 50ml PAF and extract in solution, then insert in 250ml container; This PAF extracts solution for containing proteose peptone, casein hydrolysate, MgSO
4, K
2hPO
4with the composition solution of glycerine;
(2). the above-mentioned triangular flask containing 50ml PAF extraction solution is shaken at 25 ± 2 DEG C;
(3). the PAF got after 1ml above-mentioned steps (2) concussion extracts solution, then dissolves in the 250ml container containing 50ml PAF extraction solution, at 25 ± 2 DEG C, concussion;
(4). get the PAF extraction solution that 1ml above-mentioned steps (3) obtains, dissolve in the 250ml container containing 50ml DF salting liquid, shake at 25 ± 2 DEG C; This DF salting liquid is the solution containing dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, sodium hydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, glucose, gluconic acid, citric acid, ferrous sulfate, boric acid, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, copper sulphate, molybdenum trioxide and ammonium sulfate;
(5). get the extraction solution that 1ml above-mentioned steps (4) obtains, then dissolve in the container of the above-mentioned DF salting liquid of 50ml not containing ammonium sulfate but containing 3.0mM 1-amino-cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid, shake at 25 ± 2 DEG C;
(6). get the extraction solution that 0.01ml above-mentioned steps (5) obtains, on the slab gel culture medium of the DF salt of access containing 0.03mM ACC, cultivate 2-4 days at 30 ± 2 DEG C;
(7). get the bacterium colony that the culture medium of step (6) grows, it is the bacterial classification of plant growth-promoting bacteria Pseudomonas cedrinaUW3 and Pseudomonas putida UW4;
(8). get the bacterial classification that above-mentioned steps 7 obtains, be seeded in pancreas peptone soybean broth culture medium, at 25 ± 2 DEG C of temperature, cultivate concussion 24 hours, obtain culture solution;
(9). the culture solution of centrifugation step (8) at 4 DEG C;
(10). with the cell of DF liquid rinsing step (9) centrifugation; The composition of this DF liquid comprises sucrose, butanedioic acid, EDTA, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and magnesium chloride;
(11). the DF cell solution that obtains of centrifugation step (10) again at 4 DEG C;
(12). dissolve the cell of centrifugation with DF saline solution, add the ACC of 3.0mM, obtain mycetocyte DF salting liquid;
(13). the mycetocyte DF salting liquid that step (12) obtains, cultivate at 25 ± 2 DEG C, shake;
(14). in the DF culture solution that 4 DEG C of centrifugation step (13) obtain, obtain the cell of centrifugation;
(15). the cell of the centrifugation obtained with 10ml DF saline solution dissolving step (13) obtains mycetocyte DF salting liquid;
(16). the mycetocyte DF salting liquid inoculation fermentation at 28 ± 2 DEG C step (15) obtained, obtains the bacterium liquid of the plant growth-promoting bacteria after industrial fermentation; In the bacterium liquid of this plant growth-promoting bacteria, bacterium number reaches 30-50 hundred million/ml;
(17). the bacterium liquid of the plant growth-promoting bacteria that step (16) is obtained and the organic matter of 15 ~ 35%, 12 ~ 32% humic acid, the decomposed organic matter of 12 ~ 32%, the complexing displacer of 5 ~ 22% and 0.01 ~ 1% embedded material mix, add the granulating agent of 8 ~ 28% again, granulation, drying, obtains described biologic product.
According to embodiment preferred for this invention, wherein preferred described oat is forage grass type oat.
According to embodiment preferred for this invention, wherein said method is included in the first time 50-60 days in the process of plant growth, and during later every 20-30 days, the carrying out of rehabilitation plant is cut, leave root 10-12cm and cut stubble, and cut substrate is removed from soil.
First time 50-60 days wherein preferably in the process of plant growth, and during later every 20-30 days, the carrying out of rehabilitation plant is cut.
The present invention is after cutting plant, and that leaves root about 10-12cm cuts stubble, can make plant regrowth.
According to embodiment preferred for this invention, wherein said cutting can run through the whole growth period of plant according to above-mentioned cutting interval; Even can monitor soil sample after each cutting, to soil, salt alkali content is down to expection level.For example the the the the the the 60th, 90,120,150,180,210,240,270,300 day time, the carrying out of rehabilitation plant is cut.
According to method of the present invention, wherein said reparation biologic product can be applied in soil with various ways: such as be directly applied in soil, or adopt the mode of seed pelleting to apply; Even while being applied directly in soil, also can carry out dressing to seed;
Wherein when to adopt simultaneously be directly applied in soil and dressing carried out to seed time, be directly applied to reparation biologic product in soil and dressing reparation biologic product usage ratio used does not specially require.
According to embodiment preferred for this invention, described method also comprises the step processed prior to seeding the seed of rehabilitation plant, comprises carrying out seed with the reparation biologic product that methylcellulose mass percent concentration is 0.5% and clothing process;
Wherein in the reparation biological solutions gross weight of methylcellulose for 100%.
Wherein preferred solvent consumption counts 5-10ml/kg with per kilogram seed; Wherein be more preferably 4ml/kg.
According to embodiment preferred for this invention, described seed clothing process can use existing commercially available seed pelleting machine.
According to embodiment preferred for this invention, wherein said method also comprises the pre-treatment step to soil: comprise prepartion of land, except stone, ploughs, one or more in raking the soil level and applying fertilizer.
According to embodiment preferred for this invention, wherein said method also comprise plant growth is included in soil during plant irrigated and/or apply fertilizer.
According to embodiment preferred for this invention, wherein said reparation biologic product be applied for seed manure, or mouth is fertile, or base manure is used, applied amount 30-100 kg/acre.
According to embodiment preferred for this invention, the planting density of wherein said rehabilitation plant counts barley for 100-200 grain/m with seed amount
2(30-60 kg/acre), oat is 100-200 grain/m
2(30-60 kg/acre), hybridization Forage Sorghum CFSH30 is 50-80 grain/m
2(1-2 kg/acre).
On the other hand, present invention also offers described rehabilitation plant and repair biologic product and combine the application in soil remediation, described rehabilitation plant is one or more the combination in annual hybridization Forage Sorghum (CFSH30, the triple hybrid of sudangrass and Forage Sorghum), barley and oat (forage grass type); Described reparation biologic product at least comprises the bacterium liquid containing plant growth-promoting bacteria, and described bacterium liquid contains plant growth-promoting bacteria Pseudomonas cedrina UW3 and Pseudomonasputida UW4.
Wherein the preferred described soil remediation of the present invention is the soil being subject to salt corrosion.
More preferably described saline and alkaline for containing Na
+, Cl
-, CO
4 2-, SO
4 2-saline and alkaline;
Also preferred described oat is forage grass type oat;
Also preferred described barley is forage grass type barley.
In sum, the invention provides a kind of reparation perniciousness harm soil method.Method tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) green environmental protection technique of solar energy is utilized;
(2) applicability is extensive, is applicable to different regions and Different climate condition;
(3) keep and recover the natural structure of soil and physics, chemistry and biology feature;
(4) with low cost, implement simple, practical;
(5) process of multiple pollution mixing cpd can be carried out simultaneously;
(6) environmentally safe, do not stay secondary pollution and any environment hidden danger;
(7) large number of biological energy can be provided, fast, completely, complete repair process thoroughly;
(8) repair process produces large number of biological amount and can be used as animal feed and biomass energy, makes soil remediation process economy sustainable.
The present invention can make plant growth vigorous by plant growth-promoting bacteria, thus a large amount of propagation of the microorganism causing nature to exist, and promote the active of root system of plant further, with pollutants such as the inorganic salts in a large amount of absorption soil;
Method of the present invention can shorten the time of soil remediation greatly, usually in a with serious pollution area, can control to be repaired the level to pollution at 3-5.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the repair process analysis diagram of the method for repairing perniciousness harm soil;
Fig. 2 is that embodiment 1 repairs result schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is that embodiment 1 repair process Promoting bacteria is to the effect of plant absorption salinity;
Fig. 4 is the effect of embodiment 1 repair process Promoting bacteria plant growth and biomass;
Fig. 5 is that embodiment 2 repairs result figure;
Fig. 6 is that embodiment 3 repairs result figure.
Detailed description of the invention
Describe the beneficial effect of implementation process of the present invention and generation below by way of specific embodiment in detail, be intended to help reader to understand essence of the present invention and feature better, not as can the restriction of practical range to this case.
Embodiment 1
With reference to Fig. 1, the repair process of the soil of A the Northeast, place (Baicheng, Jilin Province) geavy salt alkali pollution.Soil contains (the mainly NaCO of about 0.9% (10-15g/kg) (ECe:14-16dS/m)
4, Na ion concentration is high) and white oar soil salt-soda soil; Area is wholely smooth for 20 hectares of in April, 2008, fertilising (N:P:k:10:10:5 kg/acre), executes and repairs biologic product (Chinese patent application 200810181327.8 embodiment 1 product) (100 kgs/acre) and rotary tillage; May 20 was sowed, and annual forage grass type oat is 200/m
2, mu consumption 30 kilograms; Seed carries out bacterium liquid dressing before broadcasting, and dressing bacterium liquid is Pseudomonas cedrina UW3 and Pseudomonas putida UW4,20,000 bacterial cells/grain, the methylcellulose wherein containing mass percent concentration 0.5%; At the repair process of 5 months, extract 2 times, leave root 12cm at every turn and cut stubble, July 30 and August 30; Sampling (30) analytical control at the beginning of 10 months, the reparation result of continuous 2 years as shown in Figure 2, and gather as follows: the annual 50-60% of salt reduction rate of new technology, First Year drops to 8.7dS/m (58%) from 14.9, Second Year drops to 5dS/m (57%) from 8.7, within 2 years, reduces saline and alkaline (the dropping to 3.1g/kg from 12g/kg) of nearly 80%.
Crop barley is repaired after cutting in crop oat and the test block of implementing reparation district, analyzes the salt that it is done in object, analyzes and shows that UW3+UW4 closes bacterium product and can improve the absorbability 20% of two kinds of crops to salt.With other process as AV bacterium (conventional VA Mycorrhizal Fungi) process is compared, UW3+UW4 closes the effect best (Fig. 3) of bacterium product.In addition, harvested phytomass analysis shows, it is also best that UW3+UW4 closes the effect of bacterium product to the biomass improving reparation crop, compares with contrast, can improve and repair crop biomass up to 50%, especially to the biomass more remarkable (Fig. 4) of the aerial part of reparation crop.So, using UW3+UW4 to close bacterium product can the efficiency of the significantly saline and alkaline reparation of raising crop of (100-200%), the repair process of conventional 10 years, utilize new method can complete in 2-3, save a large amount of time and expense, make the soil remediation of heavy saline sustainable economically.
Embodiment 2
The repair process of the soil that B North China, place (Cangzhou, Hebei province) moderate is salt-alkali contaminated.Soil contains (mainly NaCl, Cl ion concentration is high) salt-soda soil, seabeach of 0.4-0.5% (5-6g/kg soil) (ECe:6-8dS/m); Area be 10 hectares of in April, 2008 wholely, smooth, fertilising (N:P:k:10:10:5 kg/acre), execute repair biologic product (Chinese patent application 200810181327.8 embodiment 1 product) (100 kgs/acre) and rotary tillage; May 2 was sowed, and hybridization Forage Sorghum CFSH30 is 70/m
2, 1.5 kgs/acre; Seed carries out bacterium liquid dressing before broadcasting, and dressing bacterium liquid is Pseudomonas cedrina UW3 and Pseudomonas putida UW4,20,000 bacterial cells/grain, the methylcellulose wherein containing mass percent concentration 0.5%; At the repair process of 5 months, extract 3 times, leave root 12cm at every turn and cut stubble, July 30, August 30 and September 30; Sampling (20) analytical control at the beginning of 10 months, the reparation result of continuous 2 years as shown in Figure 5, and gather as follows: the annual 40-60% of salt reduction rate of new technology, First Year drops to 3.1dS/m (56%) from 5.5, Second Year drops to 1.5dS/m (48%) from 3.1, within 2 years, reduces saline and alkaline (the dropping to 2.2g/kg from 5g/kg) of 50%.
Embodiment 3
The repair process of the soil that C North Shaanxi, place (Shenmu County) is slightly salt-alkali contaminated.Local annual rainfall is less than 300mm, and soil contains 0.2-0.4% (3-5g/kg soil) (ECe:4-6dS/m), and mainly NaCl, Cl ion concentration is high, and underground water is containing saline and alkaline; Area be 10 hectares of in April, 2008 wholely, smooth, fertilising (N:P:k:10:10:5 kg/acre), execute repair biologic product (Chinese patent application 200810181327.8 embodiment 1 product) (100 kgs/acre) and rotary tillage; May 10 was sowed, and hybridization Forage Sorghum CFSH30 is 50-60 grain/m
2, 1 kg/acre; Seed carries out bacterium liquid dressing before broadcasting, and dressing bacterium liquid is Pseudomonas cedrina UW3 and Pseudomonas putidaUW4,20,000 bacterial cells/grain, the methylcellulose wherein containing mass percent concentration 0.5%; At the repair process of 5 months, extract 3 times, leave root 12cm at every turn and cut stubble, July 30, August 30 and September 30; Sampling (10) analytical control at the beginning of 10 months, the reparation result of continuous 2 years as shown in Figure 6, and gather as follows: the annual 30-40% of salt reduction rate of new technology, First Year drops to 3dS/m (28%) from 3.8, Second Year drops to 1.7dS/m (43%) from 3.0, within 2 years, reduces saline and alkaline (the dropping to 1.7g/kg from 3.8g/kg) of 55%.
Claims (10)
1. the method for a biological prosthetic perniciousness harm soil, it is characterized in that, described method is included in soil plants rehabilitation plant and applies to repair biologic product to soil, and described rehabilitation plant is one or more the combination in annual hybridization Forage Sorghum, barley and oat; Described reparation biologic product at least comprises the bacterium liquid containing plant growth-promoting bacteria, and described bacterium liquid contains plant growth-promoting bacteria Pseudomonas cedrina UW3 and Pseudomonas putida UW4; Preferred described soil is the soil being subject to perniciousness harm; More preferably described saline and alkaline for containing Na
+, Cl
-, CO4
2-, SO4
2-saline and alkaline; Also preferred described oat is forage grass type oat; Also preferred described barley is forage grass type barley.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in bacterium liquid, the bacterium number ratio of UW3 and UW4 is 1:2 ~ 2:1.
3. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described reparation biologic product also comprises composite carrier, and described composite carrier to comprise in organic matter, humic acid, decomposed organic matter, complexing displacer, embedded material two or more combination arbitrarily; The ratio of preferred composite carrier and bacterium liquid is bacterium number at least 0.2 ~ 200,000,000/every gram composite carrier of plant growth-promoting bacteria; Also preferred is 100% for benchmark with the weight of composite carrier, and described composite carrier comprises the composition of following percentage by weight: the organic matter of 15 ~ 35%, the humic acid of 12 ~ 32%, the decomposed organic matter of 12 ~ 32%, the complexing displacer of 5 ~ 22% and 0.01 ~ 1% embedded material.
4. the method according to claims 1 to 3 any one, it is characterized in that, described method is included in the first time 50-60 days in the process of plant growth, and during later every 20-30 days, the carrying out of rehabilitation plant is cut, leave root 10-12cm at every turn and cut stubble, and cut substrate is removed from soil.
5. the method according to claims 1 to 3 any one, it is characterized in that, described method also comprises the step processed prior to seeding the seed of rehabilitation plant, comprises carrying out seed with the reparation biologic product that methylcellulose mass percent concentration is 0.5% and clothing process; Preferred solvent consumption counts 5-10ml/kg with per kilogram seed.
6. the method according to claims 1 to 3 any one, is characterized in that, described method also comprises the pre-treatment step to soil: comprise prepartion of land, except stone, ploughs, one or more in raking the soil level and applying fertilizer.
7. the method according to claims 1 to 3 any one, is characterized in that, irrigates and/or apply fertilizer during described method is also included in plant growth to plant.
8. the method according to claims 1 to 3 any one, is characterized in that, the planting density of described rehabilitation plant is with seed number gauge, and barley is 100-200 grain/m
2, oat is 100-200 grain/m
2, hybridization Forage Sorghum is 50-80 grain/m
2.
9. the method according to claims 1 to 3 any one, is characterized in that, described reparation biologic product be applied for seed manure, or mouth is fertile, or base manure is used, and applied amount is 30-100 kg/acre.
10. the application in soil remediation combined by rehabilitation plant and reparation biologic product, and described rehabilitation plant is one or more the combination in annual hybridization Forage Sorghum, barley and oat; Described reparation biologic product at least comprises the bacterium liquid containing plant growth-promoting bacteria, and described bacterium liquid contains plant growth-promoting bacteria Pseudomonas cedrina UW3 and Pseudomonas putida UW4; Preferred described soil is for being subject to saline and alkaline (Na, Cl, CO
4, SO
4) soil that endangers; More preferably described saline and alkaline for containing Na
+, Cl
-, CO4
2-, SO4
2-saline and alkaline; Also preferred described oat is forage grass type oat; Also preferred described barley is forage grass type barley.
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| CN111448868A (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2020-07-28 | 北京嘉博文生物科技有限公司 | Planting method for transforming desert wasteland |
| CN111906134A (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2020-11-10 | 新乡学院 | Cadmium-lead combined pollution soil plant restoration device |
| CN111906134B (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2022-02-15 | 新乡学院 | Cadmium-lead combined pollution soil plant restoration device |
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Application publication date: 20150701 |