CN1221534A - 具有ip支持的调制解调器 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用IP支持的调制解调器(4)。包括接入装置,用于自主地同时接入交换电话网络的服务系统(3)与基于IP的网络服务系统(9)。自主的同时接入是在拨号连接(15)上建立的,用IP协议提供。
Description
本发明一般来说涉及远程通信,涉及利用Internet协议(IP)同时进行话音与数据通信。特别是,本发明涉及一种允许接入PSTN网络(或ISDN网络)和从一个用户线路的用户端接入基于IP网络的调制解调器。
一种通常的数据调制解调器为数字信息提供了一种数字载体。一种通常的数字调制解调器一般的情况下连接在计算机与用户线路之间。一种在计算机上运行的通信应用程序提供在PSTN上接入Internet。如果通信应用程序被包含在一种进行着的IP环境中,例如在Internet上冲浪,发送或接收e-mail,运行一种IP电话应用程序,则对PSTN网络来说用户线路将是忙碌的。
当一种应用被包含在IP的环境中,不可能将一个进行着的呼叫从一个通常的电话连接到像调制解调器一样的用户线路上,因为用户线路是忙碌的。
在参考文献[1]中描述了一种电话服务器,允许包含在IP环境中的一个用户能从PSTN/ISDN网络接收电话呼叫到用于IP环境的一台个人计算机。一种指向于用户家庭任何成员的输入呼叫只能在个人计算机上处理。不可能在另外的电话设备上处理。同样,没有在IP环境中的家庭的另外成员不能在通常的电话上发出呼叫。
DSVD调制解调器是一种允许用数字方式在一根线上同时传送话音和数据的调制解调器。为了正确地实现这点,一个DSVD调制解调器必须与另一个DSVD调制解调器通信。DSVD调制解调器包括对被打包的语音信息多路复用以及在单独的链路上发送该多路复用信息的装置。DSVD调制解调器支持两种独立的环境,例如与Internet环境同时的电话环境,但是没有为了建立这样的并行环境接入PSTN/ISDN服务系统的装置。DSVD调制解调器并不支持模拟电话的控制程序,例如,脱钩,发DTMF信号(双音调多频信号),产生铃信号,产生铃声音调,发挂钩闪烁信号。
本发明的第一个目的是提供一种调制解调器,允许在一个通常的电话上输出呼叫以及输入呼叫,同时在一台个人计算机上运行的通信应用程序被包含在调制解调器上一种进行着的IP环境中。
本发明的第二个目的是提供一种调制解调器,用于自主的,同时接入交换电话网,例如PSTN或ISDN的服务系统,接入基于IP(Internet Protocol)的网络,例如,使用IP协议的Internet或内部网(intranet)的服务系统。
本发明的第三个目的是提供一种调制解调器,至少有两个模拟电话接口,因而允许用户有两个不同的电话,可以同时独立地工作。
本发明的第四个目的是提供一种调制解调器,允许在PC上运行的电话应用程序与一台通常的电话之间内部通话,允许在一个用户家中的两台连接到IP调制解调器的电话之间内部通话。
本发明的第五个目的是提供一种调制解调器,允许连接到利用IP协议的家中LAN(在用户家中的局域网)。
本发明的第六个目的是提供一种调制解调器,允许从基于IP的网络,例如Internet,与连接到家中LAN的设备通信,这些设备全都支持利用IP协议通信。
用一台在所附的权利要求中描述的通用型的调制解调器达到了以上的目的。
依据本发明的调制解调器,按本来已知的方式,利用一条模拟用户线路的模拟传送能力提供双向的,28.8kb/s,或更高的数字传送能力。
图1是一个包含在IP网络环境中的实体的方框图。其中有依据本发明的调制解调器,处理输出呼叫到PSTN/ISDN网络的电话服务器。
图2是一个类似于图1的方框图;电话服务器处理来自PSTN/ISDN网络的输入呼叫。
图3是一个在依据本发明的调制解调器中使用的通用协议堆栈的方框图。
图4是一个当电话应用程序正在运行时,由依据本发明的调制解调器使用的专门协议堆栈的方框图,
图5是一个由依据本发明的调制解调器服务的家庭LAN(局域网)的方框图,
图6是一个依据本发明的调制解调器的保险部件的线路图,
图7是一个依据本发明的调制解调器的功能性方框图,
图8是一个依据本发明的调制解调器的硬件实现的优选实施方案的方框图,和
图9是一个在服务器中的电话的功能性方框图。
在图1中,一个用户A有一台电话1和一台PC(个人计算机)都通过依据本发明的调制解调器4和用户线路5连接到PSTN/ISDN。另一个用户B有一台电话6通过另一条用户线路7连到PSTN。
调制解调器4支持IP和有关的协议,例如TCP(传输控制协议)和UDP(用户数据协议),调制解调器放在用户A的家中,以下称为IP调制解调器。
在图1中也示出了一个IP网关8,基于IP的网络9和电话服务器10。IP网关连到PSTN/ISDN3和IP网络9。
基准PSTN/ISDN3是IP网关和电话服务器连接的网络。这样的网络的例子,除了PSTN(公共交换电话网络)和ISDN(集成服务数字网络)外,有私人电话网络,PBX(私人分支交换局)。IP网络的例子是Internet和intranet.Intranet是以建立Internet的技术为基础的,用于在一个组织内部传播信息。Intranet利用IP及有关的协议。
电话服务器10连到IP网关8和PSTN/ISDN3,电话服务器对IP网络的用户提供电话服务。电话服务器是在参考文献[1]中所描述的类型,其内容引入于此作为参考,电话服务器的工作情况将描述到理解本发明所必需的程序。
IP网关作为PSTN/ISDN和IP网络9之间的网关。IP网关8具有与PSTN/ISDN,电话服务器10和IP网络的物理连接。为了清楚起见,这些连接并未示于图1中,到达和来自用户的语音在电话服务器10和PSTN/ISDN之间的连接上传送并发信号到PSTN/ISDN与接收来自PSTN/ISDN的信号。在IP网关和电话服务器之间的连接是恒定的,也就是说,它们并不建立在每次呼叫的基础上。作为一个例子,电话服务器10通过未示出的LAN连接到IP网关,通过ISDN或PABX线路接口连接到PSTN/ISDN。语音与数据信息利用IP协议在电话服务器和IP网关之间的连接上传送。
PC装有未示出的声卡,音频设备连接在上面。作为一种音频设备的例子,示出了一个头机11,所述的头机包括耳机与话筒,在图1中,电话应用12是用在PC屏幕13上的电话符号来表示。它允许在声卡和头机上的双向话音通信,电话应用程序随同PC和声卡将来自话筒的电声信号变换成数字化的压缩的声音信号,被打包在IP包中,发送到IP调制解调器4,反过来,电话应用程序将包含数字化压缩声音信号的IP包变换成模拟电信号,供给头机的耳机,供应给声卡的声音信号被PC处理,通过IP协议驱动程序与IP调制解调器交换,电缆4将IP调制解调器与PC的一个串口连接。
目前,假定电话应用程序没有在计算机上运行。也假定IP调制解调器是断开的。
启动IP调制解调器
在IP调制解调器被用于通信目的以前,要配置IP网关8的电话号码和与用户A有关的用户数据。作为一个例子,用户数据包括用户A的IP接入用户名称,口令,和对用户服务器的IP地址。
当IP调制解调器启动时,其中的IP功能被激活,为了清楚地理解IP调制解调器的功能,参考图1和4。
当IP调制解调器启动时:(1)IP调制解调器对IP网关发出输出呼叫。PSTN/ISDN连接15被建立。(2)IP网关接受该呼叫。(3)在一个已建立的,未示出的,V.34连接上,在IP调制解调器和IP网关之间建立PPP链路(点对点协议)。在PPP链路上,IP网关建立对IP调制解调器的IP链路16。(4)位于IP调制解调器中的电话应用程序发送消息到电话服务器,告诉电话服务器,在IP调制解调器的IP地址上将形成对于用户电话号码的电话应用程序的环境。将消息在所述的恒定的IP连接之一上以IP包的形式发送。在图1和17中这种连接被标记为17。电话应用程序可以利用PSTN/ISDN网络的服务。
现在,IP调制解调器已经自己在IP网关上注册,现在IP网关能够将具有IP调制解调器4的IP地址作为目的地IP消息传送到IP调制解调器。同时,IP调制解调器在电话服务器被注册,允许接入PSTN/ISDN的服务系统。当IP调制解调器在电话服务器注册后,现有的连接之一被分配给IP调制解调器,所分配的连接用IP链路17来表示。
在图中,PSTN/ISDN连接用粗线表示,IP链路用虚线表示,语音通路用粗的点划线表示。
输出呼叫
接着,用户A想发输出呼叫并提起电话1的听筒。IP调制解调器检测此事件并发出拨号音到电话1。IP调制解调器4具有起着通常线路卡作用到用户A的电话所需的全部硬件。IP调制解调器在这方面执行的操作是提供。例如脱钩,挂钩,线路电流,拨号音,铃信号,铃音调,钩住闪烁(在某些电话系统中由R键的功能提供),和对来自电话1的DTMF信号解码。也有全部必要的硬件和软件用于对电话服务器发信号,以便接入PSTN/ISDN服务系统。以下这种软件被称为IP调制解调器的电话应用程序。
接着,用户A拨号码到用户B。数字被IP调制解调器的电话应用程序接收到。IP调制解调器的电话应用程序把拨号信息转交给位于电话服务器10中的电话应用程序。电话服务器10解释拨号信息并在PSTN/ISDN网络3中发输出呼叫。PSTN/ISDN3建立对用户B的PSTN/ISDN连接18。PSTN/ISDN网络发送铃信号到用户B,IP调制解调器4发送铃音调到用户A。当用户B提起话筒时,PSTN/ISDN网络检测此事件并返回报告电话服务器10,依次返回报告给IP调制解调器4。现在在A和B之间已经建立起连接。
当A谈话时,语音以模拟信号形式发送到IP调制解调器。IP调制解调器,以本来就已知的方式,将语音变换成数字信号。数字化的语音信号采用通常的语音压缩算法被压缩。然后,经数字化压缩的语音由IP调制解调器4打包成IP包,在IP链路16,17上发送到电话服务器10。电话服务器10有一个变换器19,将接收到的语音包变换成等时的语音信号,在PSTN/ISDN网上发送到用户B。
当B谈话时,语音作为语音信号发送到电话服务器10。变换器19将语音信号变换成数字化的压缩信息,以IP包的形式在IP链路17、16上发送到IP调制解调器4。IP调制解调器接收IP包,将它们拆包并对语音信息解码。将已解码的语音信号发送到电话1。在A和B之间的语音通路用点划线20表示。
编码的语音将只占据大约10-15kb/s。在所述的连接上可得到的带宽的其余部分可用于其它目的。
正如在下面将作进一步描述的那样,IP调制解调器可同时与对B的呼叫具有另外的电话运行环境。
IP调制解调器与对B的电话呼叫可以同时具有利用IP网络9的进行着的环境,通过IP链路21来举例说明。将在以后解释,IP调制解调器具有多路复用器/逆多路复用器的功能,将来自不同应用的信息多路复用到一个并且是同一个到IP网关的IP链路上,并且将接收到的信息逆多路复用,将逆多路复用的信息转交给它们各自的目的地。例如,IP调制解调器将来自Internet的输入IP包转交给在PC2上运行的Internet应用程序,并将包含语音信息的输入包通过解码器,解压器和D/A变换器转交给电话1。到达与来自IP网络的IP包将通过IP网关;它们将不到达电话服务器。
如果用户A正在PC上运行电话应用程序,在PC中的声卡将发送数字化的,被压缩的,被打包成IP包的形式的声音到IP调制解调器4的PC接口。IP调制解调器4在IP链路16,17上将它们转交给电话服务器10,用户A可以用这样的方式把PC和头机作为一台电话使用。
输入呼叫
在本例中,假定IP调制解调器已经启动,并已在IP网关和电话服务器上注册。用户A可以有或可以没有一个进行着的IP环境。为了清楚起见,假定无IP环境。
正如在前面的例子中提到的,IP调制解调器启动时将建立到IP网关和电话服务器的IP链路16,17。IP调制解调器的电话应用程序将发送IP包到在电话服务器中运行的电话应用程序。其中有一个程序包含一个消息,用于请求电话服务器启动在PSTN/ISDN网络中的“呼叫转交”服务。请求呼叫转交服务的其它装置描述在参考文献[1]中。以用户A的名义,电话服务器10请求在PSTN/ISDN网络中的呼叫转交服务并指明呼叫转交号码,即指向于A的呼叫将被转交的号码,电话服务器10的电话号码。当呼叫转交服务已经完成时,对用户A的电话号码的一次呼叫将由PSTN/ISDN网络传送到电话服务器10。
用户B想通过电话与用户A谈话,拨电话号码到用户A。PSTN/ISDN检测出,对A的呼叫应被转交给电话服务器。对电话服务器的PSTN/ISDN连接22被建立。电话服务器接收呼叫并指出是指向用户A的。利用以上提到的A的注册数据,所述的注册数据包括A的电话号码和A的IP地址,电话服务器在输入呼叫与IP调制解调器的IP地址之间建立联系。实现这个过程的各种方法描述在参考文献[1]中。接着,电话服务器在IP链路17,16上发送IP包到IP调制解调器;所述的IP包包括告警消息。
IP调制解调器接收告警消息并作为一种响应在A的电话上产生铃信号。
当A提起话筒时,IP调制解调器检测此事件并以IP包的形式发送相应的消息到电话服务器。现在在B和A之间已经建立了连接,语音信号在PSTN/ISDN连接22上被从B发送到电话服务器。在电话服务器中,变换器19将语音信号变换成数字化压缩信号,被打包成IP包的形式,在IP链路17,16上从电话服务器发送到IP调制解调器。在IP调制解调器中,接收到的IP包被拆包,解压并变换成送到电话1的语音信号,现在B和A可以交谈。语音通路在图2中以点划线20示出。
如果A未回答该呼叫,IP调制解调器无动作。电话服务器继续发送铃音调到用户B。当B将电话听筒放入电话6的听筒支架中时,PSTN/ISDN检测出此事件,释放在6和10之间的连接。
代替在接收到告警消息时产生铃信号,IP调制解调器本身可以产生一种可听到的信号或者可以发送告警消息到PC,然后在显示器13的屏幕上显示告警消息。
代替回答此呼叫,用户A可以决定改变输入呼叫的方向到呼叫处理器,如参考文献[1]中所述。
当A和B之间的谈话结束时,PSTN/ISDN连接22和语音通路20被释放。电话服务器10释放输入呼叫和A的IP地址之间的联系。PSTN/ISDN连接15保留。
为了建立输入呼叫与被呼叫的用户之间的正确关系,必须给电话服务器来自输入呼叫本身的输入呼叫的目的地。达到这个目的的几种方法在文献[1]中有描述。
如果用户B发呼叫到用户A,用户B也有一个IP调制解调器,那末该呼叫将被当作输出呼叫与输入呼叫的组合。
在图3中,示出了IP调制解调器所用的各种协议。在IP调制解调器中,每种接入类型有一个协议堆栈。因此有一个协议堆栈23用于用户线路通路,一个协议堆栈24用于接入一个电话和许多电话,一个25用于接入PC。
电话协议堆栈24包括作为最低层的POTS(普通老电话服务)接入“协议”26。如果用户有两个电话通路,即有两个连接到不同环路上的电话,则有另一个POTS接入“协议”27,如虚线所示,在POTS接入层的上面有一个层面,包括标记为CODEC的编码/解码28和在POTS层与最上面的电话应用层之间交换的信号控制29。IP调制解调器的电话应用程序30包括处理输入和输出呼叫的功能,操作所用的特定电话类型的功能,和在电话与PSTN/ISDN之间传送信号的功能。
用户线路协议堆栈23包括,底部POTS层31,在POTS层上面一个V.34协议层32,提供公共数据交换功能,在V.34层上面一个PPP(点对点协议)协议层33,在这一层上面一个IP(Internet协议)层34,在IP层上面一个UDP/TCP层35(分别是用户数据协议和传输控制协议),在UDP/TCP层上面是电话应用层。UDP协议用于话音传输,TCP协议用于在电话应用层和IP层之间发信号。电话应用层30是用户线路协议堆栈的最高协议层,对于用户线路协议堆栈和电话协议堆栈是公共的。
为了清楚起见,建立V.34连接的控制装置未示于图4中,这样的控制装置位于IP调制解调器中。
正如以下将要解释的,可以有其它的应用程序在IP调制解调器中运行,这样一些其它的应用程序是在与电话应用层相同的协议层上,取决于特定的应用采用UDP/TCP,IP,PPP,V.34与POTS协议。在图3的36示出了这样的其它应用。
PC协议堆栈包括,从底部起,串口接口层37,PPP协议层38,和作为最高层的IP协议层34。
图4示出在图3中所示的协议是如何被IP调制解调器的电话应用程序30用来在IP网关与电话服务器之间进行通信。在IP调制解调器中采用电话协议堆栈24与用户线路协议堆栈23。在IP网关中协议堆栈39被用于接入PSTN/ISDN,在电话服务器中,协议堆栈40被用于接入IP网关。电话服务器也有一个未示出的协议堆栈,与用户线路协议堆栈类似,用于接入PSTN/ISDN。为了不破坏图4的清淅程度,后一个协议堆栈未示出。
协议堆栈24的最低协议层是POTS层26,在这种情况下提供在PSTN/ISDN中通信的模拟接入接口。在POTS层上面是CODEC28和CONTROL29层。在后一层上面是电话应用30。
结构23的最低协议层是提供在PSTN/ISDN中通信的POTS层31。在POTS层31上面是V.34协议层,提供在PSTN/ISDN连接15上的原始数字通路。在V.34协议层上面有允许传输IP包的PPP协议层,在PPP层上面是允许处理IP地址的IP协议层34。在IP层上面是TCP/UDP协议层35。在IP调制解调器中POTS通路协议层与V.34协议层由标准数据调制解调器41管理,PPP协议层由PPP管理器42管理,IP协议层由IP管理器43管理,TCP/UDP协议层由TCP/UDP管理器44管理,管理器41,42,43中每一个包括已知技术的软件。
IP网关协议堆栈39用于接入PSTN/ISDN网络,包括,从底部起,POTS协议层45,V.34协议层46,PPP协议层47和IP协议层48。POTS和V.34协议层由调制解调器集中管理器49管理,PPP层由PPP管理器50管理,IP层由IP管理器51管理。IP网关也有一个未示出的协议堆栈用于接入连到电话服务器的未示出的恒定IP连接。该未示出的协议堆栈有一个与IP协议层48共同使用的IP协议层。
电话服务器协议堆栈40包括,从底部起,一个IP协议层53和UDP协议层54。在电话服务器中这些层分别由PPP管理器,IP管理器和UDP管理器管理。IP协议层53由一个未示出的LAN接口传送。
IP调制解调器电话应用程序与在电话服务器中的电话应用程序55应用UDP协议与TCP协议通信。这样的通信用两头箭头线表示。
如上所示,IP调制解调器也有一个或多个应用程序36,利用TCP协议层与其它类似的应用程序通信。一种其它应用的例子是e-mail查询器,查询用户A在IP网络9中可以有的e-mail邮箱。当有邮件在邮箱中时,给出一种指示,例如一种可见的指示。另一种应用的例子是远距离管理消费者的设备,例如电度表。其它的例子将参考图5在以下给出。
在图5中示出依据本发明的IP调制解调器4是如何用来在用户A有电话连接的两个不同回路之间提供内部通信。一个回路标记为57,另一个回路标记为58,可以有几个电话连接到回路上。在图5中一个电话1被示出连接到回路57,一个电话59被连接到回环58。每个回路连接到各自到IP调制解调器的物理口,每个口由电话应用程序30操作。因此,连到回路57的电话可以与连到回路58的电话通信。在所示的例子中,电话1与59可以互相通信。用这种方法由IP调制解调器提供内部通信,用两头箭头线60表示。
依据本发明,IP调制解调器4具有LAN应用,因此可以作为连接有不同设备的家庭LAN61的简单路由器。每个所连接的设备支持TCP/IP协议,换句话说,它们“说”IP,因而可以与远离LAN的其它设备通信,如果所述的其它设备也支持利用TCP/IP协议通信的话。
特别是,在PCH运行的电话应用12可以通过IP调制解调器与两电话1,59中任一个通信。用两头箭头线62,63表示。因而在头机11与电话1,59中任一个之间提供内部通信。
连接到家庭LAN 61的有电度表64,水表65,烟火检测器66,带有炉子68的烤箱67。这种配置允许远距离管理,例如读出电表与水表读数。当烟火检测器检测到烟露时,IP调制解调器自动拨打一个报警电话号码,例如打到SOS报警中心或者消防队。利用这种配置也将能够。例如从带有到IP网络通路的PC,远距离操作烤箱以及炉子。
谈到现在还没有说起IP调制解调器4支持许多增强传统电话的性能,例如缩减拨号,缩减拨号可以包括对于IP电话可以到达的地址的IP地址。
基本电话
IP调制解调器4取决于用户A的愿望以及A需要的服务种类,工作在不同的模式。从IP调制解调器可得到的IP网络及PSTN/ISDN网络服务已经随同图1-5作了描述。在图6中示出了基本电话服务。IP调制解调器4包括有一个带有两个可动触点70,71的继电器。触点70相应于连接到在A的房屋中的墙上插座,由此连到本地办公室的用户线路。触点71相应于连接到用户A的电话回路57。每个可动触点可在两个静止触点之间移动。这两个触点是用电缆72互相连接的。当可动触点位于图5所示的位置时,提供基本电话方式,当可动触点位于它们的相反位置时,提供随同图1-5描述过的IP模式。在图6中所示的位置中,电话连接是通过IP调制解调器硬线连接。在此位置中,A的电话设备通常通过一个未示出的墙上插座连到用户线路。当电源不接时,IP调制解调器的常驻模式将是基本话音电话,基本话音电话模式也可由用户A人工选择,例如轻拨在IP调制解调器上未示出的开关。
在图7中示了IP调制解调器4的功能性方框图。它包括一个PC接口73/72,提供利用IP与PPP协议层34,38的串行接口。因此,PC接口支持IP包的交换,代替串行接口73,可以是用虚线示出的LAN接口74。
也有一个电话接口连接到回路57,一个电话接口76连接到回路58,一个用户线路接口77连接到模拟用户线路。电话接口被增强,能从电话检测控制信号,例如脱钩,挂钩,钩上闪烁信号,DFTM信号,和产生铃信号,拨号音调和其它声音信号,电话接口将语音变换成数字信号,例如用GSM压缩将它压缩,打包放入IP包中,传送语音的输入IP包用相反的方法处理。应该指出,由项70,71,72提供的保险设备只支持一个电话接口,例如电话接口75。用户线路接口77还包括标准数据调制解调器的能力,提供双向28.8KB/S或更高的数字传送能力。
还有一个或多个应用管理器78,79,在其中之一,例如78,所述的其它应用36,例如e-mail查询应用就在其中,在其它的管理器中,其它的应用在其中,例如,提供用LAN61的方法操作附加于IP调制解调器的设备的功能。这样一种示范性的其它应用是当烟雾检测器检测到烟雾时断开炉子。
还有一种IP MUX/DMUX功能80,也称为IP路由器功能,从不同的接口取得IP包,将它们以正确的次序发送到用户线路接口77。IPMUX/DMUX功能也从用户线路接口接收IP包,将接收到的IP包发往它们正确的接口。最后,有一个总控制功能81,控制IP调制解调器各种功能的操作。
本地模式
当IP调制解调器已接通电源时,调制解调器未连接IP网络9,该调制解调器就被说成是处于它的本地模式。
如果IP调制解调器处于其本地模式,利用电话应用程序30进行内部通信是可能的。在本地模式中可能的内部通信在图5中用箭头60来举例说明。
在IP调制解调器的本地模式中,其它的应用程序36可以在家庭LAN上运行。作为一个例子,以上提到的应用,当烟雾被检测到时断开炉子,可以在LAN上运行,在本地模式中,一个这样的其它应用36,以上举例的任何一项都不需要,可以命令IP调制解调器建立对IP网络9的连接。作为一个例子,e-mail查询应用程序可以检查,是否在邮箱中有任何给用户A的e-mail。邮箱在IP网络中,为了检查这点,IP调制解调器发呼叫IP网关。当连接已经建立后,e-mail查询应用程序发出IP查询到邮箱,用IP与它通信。这样一种呼叫,例如,可在常规的间隔内进行。
在IP调制解调器的本地模式中,一种外部应用,即一种在用户A的家以外的通信设备上运行的应用程序,可以在用户A的IP调制解调器4中与一个其它的应用程序36建立通信。作为一个例子,在IP网络9中的一个邮箱可以请求IP网关呼叫IP调制解调器4,以便为用户A发邮件。另一个例子是一种外部应用,从远处读电度表64。根据从外部应用程序接收到的呼叫,IP调制解调器根据。例如,号码识别来识别呼叫者,作为识别的结果,该呼叫被接收或排斥。如果该呼叫是来自一个有效的IP环境发起者,呼叫被接受,否则被排斥。若呼叫被接受,IP调制解调器进入连接状态模式,开始与外部应用的IP环境,连接状态模式的意思是IP调制解调器被连接并在IP协议层上通信。如果呼叫被排斥,IP调制解调器仍然处于本地模式。
在图8中示出了IP调制解调器的一种物理实现。控制功能81由一台微处理器来实现。硬件和/或软件被加上用于语言编码,例如GSM编码。同样,用于驱动电话接口75的软件被加到一个未示出的与CPU通信的存贮器单元,在一种本发明的最佳实施方案中,标准调制解调器41与由用户线路接口77提供的编码/解码是采用DSP(数字信号处理器)来实现的。
IP MUX/DMUX功能80是由微处理器提供的。
示于图9中的电话服务器10,包括一个中央控制器82,一个接入管理器83,一个压缩与打包单元84,一个IP管理器85,连到PSTN/ISDN网络的PSTN/ISDN线路86和许多连到IP网关8的线路87。在中央控制器82的控制下,接入管理器接收输入呼叫,放置输出呼叫,管理IP调制解调器的电话号码,请求PSTN/ISDN网络启动与撤销呼叫转交服务并提供到IP网关8的连接。压缩与打包单元将语音信号变换成数字格式,反过来也一样,以便它们能经受数字处理,数字化的语音信号被用通常的采样技术采样,经受采用通常的语音压缩算法的压缩。最后,被采样压缩的数字信号被组织到包中,发送到IP管理器85,提供包地址及尾部以便形成IP包。IP管理器85也控制到达与来自IP网关的IP包的流动量。IP管理器管理在图4中的IP层53。
线路86,87最好是数字线路,例如ISDN 30B+D(主速率B)或数字PABX线路(私人自动分支电话交换局)。对于电话服务器10来说,电话1,6,59是模拟或数字类型是没有什么关系的,因为PSTN/ISDN3将给电话提供正确类型的信号。然而,在作为正常的语音信息发送到PSIN或ISDN网络以前,电话服务器必须将压缩的语音拆包与解压。
参考文献:
[1]Our co-pending Swedish patent application 9602212-4filed on June 4,1996
Claims (13)
1.一种调制解调器,其特征在于它包括接入装置(30,41-44,73-75,77),用于自主地,同时接入交换电话网络(3)的服务系统与基于IP的网络(9)的服务系统,所述的自主,同时接入是在拨号连接(15)的基础上建立的,是用IP协议提供的。
2.一种依据权利要求1的调制解调器,其特征在于所述的电话网络(3)是一种模拟或数字,公共或私人的电话网络。
3.一种依据权利要求2的调制解调器,其特征在于所述的基于IP的网络(9)是一种公共或私人网络。
4.一种依据权利要求3的调制解调器,其中所述的通路装置包括一个电话接口(75),用于连接电话(1),一个用于连接PC的PC接口(73),一个用于连接用户线路的用户线路接口(77),其特征在于所述的电话接口(75)提供采用IP协议的电话。
5.一种依据权利要求4的调制解调器,其特征在于包括检测与产生对电话的控制信号和用于传送话音信息到所述的电话(1)的装置。
6.一种依据权利要求4的调制解调器,其特征在于所述的PC接口(73)以原来就已知的方式提供采用IP协议的数据交换。
7.一种依据权利要求4的调制解调器,其特征在于所述的通路装置还包括一个IP管理器(43),用于自主地提供到IP网关(8)的接入和到电话服务器(10)的接入,所述的电话服务器连到所述的交换网络,所述的IP网关连接电话服务器,以本来就已知的方式,连到交换网络以及所述的基于IP的网络。
8.一种依据权利要求9的调制解调器,其特征在于所述的通路装置还包括一个LAN接口(74),用于连接LAN(61),因而就提供了到具有IP通信能力的设备(2,64-68)的接入。
9.一种依据权利要求4的调制解调器,其特征在于包括许多应用程序(30,36),其中每一个由在所述的基于IP的网络中的通信所支持。
10.一种依据权利要求4的调制解调器,其特征在于还包括多路复用器/逆多路复用器装置(80),用于将话音与数据信号多路复用在所述的拨号连接(15)上发送和用于将在所述的拨号连接上接收到的话音与数据信号逆多路复用,将所述的逆多路复用信号分别指向电话接口(75)与PC接口(73)。
11.一种依据权利要求4的调制解调器,其特征在于包括至少两个电话接口(75,76),每一个连接到各自的电话回路(57,58)上,以便允许几个独立的,同时的电话呼叫。
12.一种依据权利要求11的调制解调器,其特征在于提供连到不同电话接口的电话之间的内部通信(60)。
13.一种依据权利要求11的调制解调器,其特征在于提供连到所述的PC接口(73)或所述的LAN接口(74),在PC(2)上运行的电话应用程序(13)与连到不同的电话接口的电话中任一个之间的内部通信(63)。
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SE9602212A SE506775C2 (sv) | 1996-06-04 | 1996-06-04 | Sätt och anordning för samtidig telefon- och Internetförbindelse på en telefonlinje |
SE9602212 | 1996-06-04 | ||
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SE96044094 | 1996-11-29 | ||
SE9604409A SE511236C2 (sv) | 1996-11-29 | 1996-11-29 | Ett modem med IP-stöd |
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CNB971952345A Expired - Lifetime CN1199409C (zh) | 1996-06-04 | 1997-06-03 | 具有ip支持的调制解调器 |
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CNB971952280A Expired - Fee Related CN1201536C (zh) | 1996-06-04 | 1997-06-03 | 一种网络接入方法、接入系统及网络终端 |
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DE (2) | DE69732410D1 (zh) |
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