CN1221051A - 用抗微生物剂处理纺织材料的方法 - Google Patents
用抗微生物剂处理纺织材料的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1221051A CN1221051A CN98126157A CN98126157A CN1221051A CN 1221051 A CN1221051 A CN 1221051A CN 98126157 A CN98126157 A CN 98126157A CN 98126157 A CN98126157 A CN 98126157A CN 1221051 A CN1221051 A CN 1221051A
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- antimicrobial
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- compound
- alkyl
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Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
- D06M13/325—Amines
- D06M13/342—Amino-carboxylic acids; Betaines; Aminosulfonic acids; Sulfo-betaines
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
- D06M13/144—Alcohols; Metal alcoholates
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
- D06M13/152—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen having a hydroxy group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
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Abstract
本发明描述了将抗微生物剂掺入到纤维、织物或布匹中的方法,该方法包括:使所述纤维进入含有抗微生物剂的水性溶液以处理所述材料,所述抗微生物剂选自(a)卤代邻羟基二苯基化合物;(b)酚类衍生物;(c)苄醇;(d)氯已啶(chlorohexidine)和它的衍生物;(e)C12-C14烷基甜菜碱和C8-C18脂族酸酰氨基烷基甜菜碱;(f)两性表面活性剂;(g)三卤N-碳酰苯胺;(h)季和多季化合物;以及(i)噻唑化合物。
Description
本发明涉及用抗微生物剂处理纺织材料的方法、含有抗微生物剂的制剂以及用该方法处理过的纺织材料。
目前越来越多地要求纺织品具有抗微生物性。以纺织品表面处理形式进行整理的抗微生物纺织品是公知的,例如在US-A-4,408,996中所描述的。该申请提供具有抗微生物作用的处理过的纤维,但其功效不能长久持续,因为仅仅存在于纺织品表面的抗微生物剂洗涤后会减少。更有益的方法是在熔融纺丝步骤中将抗微生物剂掺入到纤维熔化物中,优选在高分子结构内。该方法根据相关的聚合物的性能使抗微生物剂能够渗入到纤维中,并迁移到纤维/纺织品的表面,以提供持续长久的功效。其功效经常能够持续与相应纺织材料使用寿命同样长的时间。
然而遗憾的是,对于某些材料,如聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯、聚丙烯、尼龙(包括尼龙-6、尼龙-66)、聚间苯二甲酰间苯二胺、聚对苯二甲酰间苯二胺,在纤维制造过程的熔融纺丝步骤中常常包括很高温度(>280℃)的热处理。非织造纺织材料也可用这样的方法制造。由于这种高温,直接将抗微生物剂、尤其是有机抗微生物剂掺入到需要进行纤维制造处理的熔融聚合物中是不可行的。在这样的温度下,有机抗微生物剂易于分解或汽化。
因此,理想的是找到这样的方法,即不需使用极高温度的热处理,抗微生物剂就可以掺入到这些纤维的高分子结构中。
令人惊奇地发现,这一目标可在模拟染色过程中得到实现。
因此,本发明涉及将抗微生物剂掺入到纤维、织物或布匹中的方法,该方法包括使所述纤维进入含有抗微生物剂的水性溶液中以处理所述材料,所述抗微生物剂选自:
(a)卤代邻羟基二苯基化合物;
(B)酚类衍生物;
(c)苄醇;
(d)氯己啶(chlorohexidine)和它的衍生物;
(e)C12-C14烷基甜菜碱和C8-C18脂族酸酰氨基烷基甜菜碱;
(f)两性表面活性剂;
(g)三卤N-碳酰苯胺;
(h)季和多季化合物;以及
(i)噻唑化合物。
其中:
X是氧、硫或-CH2-,
Y是氯或溴,
Z是SO2H、NO2或C1-C4烷基,
r是0-3,
o是0-3,
p是0或1,
m是0或1,以及
n是0或1;
并且r或o至少一个不等于零。
优选地,在本发明的方法中,使用通式(1)的抗微生物剂,其中
X是氧、硫或-CH2-,
Y是氯或溴,
m是0,
n是0或1,
o是1或2,
r是1或2,以及
p是0。
其中
R1是氢、羟基、C1-C4烷基、氯、硝基、苯基或苄基,
R2是氢、羟基、C1-C6烷基或卤素,
R3是氢、C1-C6烷基、羟基、氯、硝基或呈其碱金属盐或铵盐形式的磺基,
R4是氢或甲基,以及
R5是氢或硝基。
这些化合物通常是氯代苯酚(邻、间、对氯苯酚)、2,4-二氯苯酚、对硝基苯酚、苦味酸、二甲苯酚、对氯间二甲苯酚、甲苯酚(邻、间、对甲苯酚)、对氯间甲苯酚、邻苯二酚(pyrocatechin)、间苯二酚、苔黑酚、4-正己基间苯二酚、焦棓酚、间苯三酚、香芹酚、百里酚、对氯百里酚、邻苯基苯酚、邻苄基苯酚、对氯邻苄基苯酚以及4-苯酚磺酸。
典型的抗微生物剂(c)用以下通式表示
其中
R1、R2、R3、R4和R5各自相互独立地为氢或氯。
通式(5)的化合物例举的实例是苄醇、2,4-、3,5-或2,6-二氯代苄醇和三氯代苄醇。
抗微生物剂(d)是氯己啶(chlorohexidine)及其盐,例如1,1′-(1,6-亚己基)-双-(5-(对氯苯基)-双胍),与有机和无机酸一起的氯己啶,以及氯己啶衍生物如它们的二乙酸盐、二葡糖酸盐或二盐酸化合物。
抗微生物剂(e)通常是C8-C18椰子酰氨基丙基甜菜碱(cocamidopropylbetaine)。
作为抗微生物剂(f)的两性表面活性剂合适的是C12烷氨基羧酸和C1-C3烷烃羧酸,如烷氨基乙酸盐或烷氨基丙酸盐。
其中
R6、R7、R8和R9各自相互独立地是C1-C18烷基、C1-C18烷氧基或苯基-低级烷基,以及
Hal是氯或溴。
其中n-是7-17的整数。
另一例举的化合物是十六烷基三甲基乙基溴化铵。
尤其感兴趣的抗微生物剂(i)是methylchloroisotahazoline。
用于本发明方法中的抗微生物剂是水溶性或微溶于水的。在本发明的水性制剂中,它们可以以稀释的、加溶的、乳化的或分散的形式作为水性制剂使用。
如果抗微生物剂以分散的形式使用,就用合适的分散剂、可方便地使用石英球和叶轮将其磨碎到1-2毫米的粒径。
用于本发明抗微生物剂的合适的分散剂是:
-环氧烷加成物的酸性酯或它们的盐,通常是4-40mol的环氧乙烷与1mol苯酚的聚加成物的酸性酯或它们的盐,或6-30mol的环氧乙烷与1mol4-壬基苯酚、1mol二壬基苯酚或优选与1mol这样化合物的磷酸盐化聚加成物的酸性酯或它们的盐,所述化合物通过将1-3mol未取代或取代苯乙烯与1mol苯酚加成反应制得,
-聚苯乙烯磺酸盐,
-脂族酸牛磺酸酐(fatty acid taurides),
-烷基化的二苯醚的单或二磺酸盐,
-聚羧酸酯的磺酸盐,
-1-60mol的环氧乙烷和/或环氧丙烷与各个的烷基链上带有8-22个碳原子的脂族胺、脂族酸或脂族醇,与烷基链上带有4-16个碳原子的烷基酚,或与含有3-6个碳原子的三元至六元链烷醇的聚加成物,所述聚加成物被转化成带有有机二元羧酸或带有无机多价酸的酸性酯,
-木素磺酸盐,以及最优选的
-甲醛缩合物,如木素磺酸盐和/或苯酚与甲醛的缩合物,甲醛与芳族磺酸的缩合物,特别是二甲苯基醚磺酸盐与甲醛的缩合物,萘磺酸和/或萘酚或萘胺磺酸与甲醛的缩合物,苯酚磺酸和/或磺化的二羟基二苯砜和苯酚或甲苯酚与甲醛和/或脲的缩合物,以及二苯醚-二磺酸衍生物与甲醛的缩合物。
在分散体中,抗微生物剂的浓度为0.1%-30%重量,优选2-10%重量。
但是,对于某些具有低熔点(即<80℃)的抗微生物剂而言,这样的磨碎处理过程在工业规模中将证明是困难的。而且,这样的处理将导致制造成本显著增加。
令人吃惊的是,以水溶液形式而不必进行磨碎处理制备抗微生物剂的方法已经发现,并证明是有效的。抗微生物剂可以以加溶形式使用而不必进行磨碎处理。
合适的加溶剂是阴离子、非离子或两性离子和两性的合成的表面活性物质。
合适的阴离子表面活性物质是:
-硫酸盐,通常为脂族醇硫酸盐,其中烷基链上含有8-18个碳原子,例如硫酸化的月桂醇;
-脂族醇醚硫酸盐,通常为2-30mol的环氧乙烷与1mol的C8-C22脂族醇的聚加成物的酸生酯或它们的盐;
-C8-C20脂族酸的碱金属盐、铵盐或胺盐,它们被称为皂,通常为椰子脂族酸;
-烷基酰胺硫酸盐;
-烷基胺硫酸盐;通常为单乙醇胺月桂基硫酸盐;
-烷基酰胺醚硫酸盐;
-烷基芳基聚醚硫酸盐;
-单酸甘油酯硫酸盐;
-链烷磺酸盐,烷基链上含有8-20个碳原子,例如十二烷基磺酸盐;
-烷基酰胺磺酸盐;
-烷基芳基磺酸盐;
-α-烯烃磺酸盐;
-磺基琥珀酸衍生物,通常为烷基磺基琥珀酸盐、烷基醚磺基琥珀酸盐或烷基磺基琥珀酰胺衍生物;
-具有如下通式的N-[烷基酰氨基烷基]氨基酸其中X是氢、C1-C4烷基或-COO-M+,Y是氢或C1-C4烷基,Z是-(CH2)m1-1-,m1是1-5,n1是6-18的整数,以及M是碱金属离子或胺离子;-通式如下的烷基醚羧酸盐和烷基芳基醚羧酸盐,
M是碱金属阳离子或胺阳离子。
所使用的阴离子表面活性剂另外可以是脂族酸甲基牛磺酸酐、烷基异硫代硫酸盐、脂族酸多肽缩合物和脂族醇磷酸酯。在这些化合物中烷基优选含有8-24个碳原子。
阴离子表面活性剂通常以它们的水溶性盐例如碱金属、铵或胺盐的形式获得。这些盐的典型实例如锂、钠、钾、铵、三乙基胺、乙醇胺、二乙醇胺或三乙醇胺盐。优选使用钠或钾盐或铵-(NR1R2R3)盐,其中R1、R2和R3各自相互独立地是氢、C1-C4烷基或C1-C4羟烷基。
在新型制剂中尤其优选的阴离子表面活性剂是单乙醇胺月桂基硫酸盐或脂族醇硫酸酯的碱金属盐,优选月桂基硫酸钠、月桂基醚2-硫酸钠(sodium laureth-2sulfate)、枯烯磺酸钠。
合适的两性离子和两性表面活性剂是咪唑啉羧酸盐、烷基两性羧基羧酸、烷基两性羧酸(例如lauroamphoglycinate)以及N-烷基-β-氨基丙酸盐或N-烷基-b-亚氨基二丙酸盐。
非离子表面活性剂典型的是分子量为1000到15000的环氧丙烷/环氧乙烷加成物的衍生物、脂肪醇乙氧基化物(1-50 EO)、烷基酚聚乙二醇醚(1-50EO)、乙氧基化的碳水化合物、脂肪酸乙二醇偏酯,典型的是二甘醇单硬脂酸酯、PEG5-PEG25甘油基硬脂酸酯,例如PEG-5甘油基硬脂酸酯、PEG-15甘油基硬脂酸酯或PEG-25甘油基硬脂酸酯;cetearyl octanoate;脂肪酸链烷醇酰胺和脂肪酸二链烷醇酰胺、脂肪酸链烷醇酰胺乙氧基化物和脂肪酸胺氧化物。
另外,饱和和不饱和C8-C22脂肪酸的盐可作为加溶剂使用,它们或者通过其自身相互混合,或者与以通式(c)表示的其它表面活性物质混合。例举的这些脂肪酸的实例典型的是癸酸、月桂酸、十四酸、棕榈酸、硬脂酸、花生酸、山嵛酸、十二碳烯酸、十四碳烯酸、十八碳烯酸、油酸、二十酸和芥酸,以及这些酸的工业混合物,典型的是椰子脂肪酸。这些酸可以盐的形式获得,合适的阳离子为诸如钠和钾阳离子的碱金属阳离子,诸如锌原子和铝原子的金属原子或有足够碱性的含氮有机化合物,典型的是胺或乙氧基化胺。这些盐也可以现场制备。
另外,在本发明组合物中合适的加溶剂是二元醇,优选的是在亚烷基中含有2-6个碳原子的二元醇,典型的是乙二醇、1,2-或1,3-丙二醇、1,3-、1,4-或2,3-丁二醇、1,5-戊二醇和1,6-己二醇或如甲醇、乙醇或丙醇的一元醇;以及丙酮。
也可以用阴离子、非离子、两性离子、两性表面活性物质与上面提到的一种或多种一元和/或二元醇的混合物加溶抗微生物剂。
含有抗微生物剂(a)-(l)的水性溶液可以这样制备:首先磨碎,然后将抗微生物剂分散成微细颗粒;或者不经过磨碎过程,将抗微生物剂加溶或分散或溶解在水中。
优选在掺合前将抗微生物剂溶于表面活性剂中,有或没有少量有机溶剂、其它成分和水。
在一优选方法中,为了促进加溶或分散过程,将水性溶液加热到高于抗微生物剂的熔点。
用这种方法制得的、并含有以分散或加溶形式存在的抗微生物剂的水性溶液可稀释到几乎任意的比例。
优选地,以纤维材料计,添加到水性溶液中的抗微生物剂的量为0.001-10%重量。
可以用抗微生物剂处理的纤维材料是这些材料,包括例如:丝、皮革、羊毛、聚酰胺如尼龙(包括尼龙-6、尼龙-66)或聚氨酯、聚酯、聚丙烯腈、聚丙烯、聚乙烯和含有纤维素的各种纤维材料,所述纤维材料如天然纤维素纤维,例如棉、亚麻、黄麻和大麻,以及粘胶短纤维和再生纤维素。
可以用抗微生物剂处理的聚酯纤维材料被认为包括纤维素酯纤维,例如次级醋酸纤维素和三醋酸纤维素纤维,优选线性聚酯纤维,所述聚酯纤维可以是酸改性的、并且可通过对苯二酸与乙二醇缩合、或者间苯二酸或对苯二酸与1,4-二(羟甲基)环己烷缩合得到,也可以是对苯二酸和间苯二酸与乙二醇的共聚物。迄今几乎仅仅在纺织工业中使用的线性聚酯纤维材料(PES)由对苯二酸和乙二醇构成。
纤维材料也可以作为诸如棉、羊毛或黄麻的天然纤维相互的掺合物、或天然纤维与诸如PES、尼龙或聚丙烯的合成纤维的掺合物、或合成纤维材料相互的掺合物使用。常用的纤维掺合物是聚丙烯腈-聚酯、聚酰胺/聚酯、聚酯/棉、聚酯/粘胶纤维和聚酯/羊毛。
纺织纤维材料可以以不同的存在形式,优选作为机织织物或针织物,或作为布匹,例如针织品、机织织物、非织造纺织品、地毯、piecegarment、以及筒子纱、经轴等上的纱或任何其它形式的成品,优选短袖圆领衫、运动服装、跑步胸罩、针织套衫、外套、女式内衣、内衣裤和短袜。
纤维或纤维掺合物可分批地或连续地进行处理。
纤维材料的处理通过水溶液连续或分批过程进行。在分批染色中,浴比可在宽范围内选择,典型的从1∶4到1∶100,优选的从1∶5到1∶50。处理温度不低于50℃,并且通常不高于140℃。优选的温度范围为80-135℃。
水溶液含有抗微生物剂,该抗微生物剂的浓度足以使其耗散在纤维中。特别地,以纤维或织物材料的重量计,抗微生物剂的浓度优选为0.01-10%重量,最优选为0.05-5%重量。
在连续处理方法中,将可选择地含有助剂的处理溶液通过轧染或浸轧工艺对诸如纱、织物、布匹进行处理,并通过热定形或HT蒸汽工艺进行显色。
线性聚酯纤维和纤维素纤维优选地用高温法在密闭和耐压装置中高于80℃,优选在90-120℃范围内的温度下,在常压或高压下进行处理。合适的密闭装置包括同样用于染色过程的典型机械,例如筒子纱或经轴染色机的循环染色机、绞盘染槽、喷射或转筒染色机、袖笼绞纱染色机、桨叶式染色机或卷染机。
次级醋酸纤维素优选地在80-85℃温度范围内进行处理。
处理时间为5-30分钟,优选10-20分钟。
用本方法处理的纤维材料其特征在于抗微生物剂在纤维横截面上基本均匀分布。
本发明的方法也可与染色过程一起进行。合适的染料是仅仅微溶于水的分散染料、金属络合染料或酸性染料。这些染料因而基本上以微细分散体的形式存在于染液中。它们可属于不同的染料类型,包括丫啶酮、偶氮、蒽醌、香豆素、次甲基、perinone、萘醌-亚胺、奎酞酮、苯乙烯基或硝基染料。分散染料的混合物也可在本发明的实施中应用。
当在染色过程中使用本发明的抗微生物剂时,该过程可以是这样的,即首先将纤维材料用这些化合物进行处理,然后进行染色,或优选地纤维材料在染浴中用抗微生物剂和染料同时进行处理。然而,也可以在预先进行的热定形染色工艺后接着进行抗微生物剂处理。
处理溶液也可进一步包含诸如染色助剂、分散剂、载体、羊毛保护剂、润湿剂以及防泡剂等成分。
处理溶液也可包含无机酸,典型的为硫酸或磷酸,或常用的有机酸,通常包括诸如甲酸、乙酸、草酸或柠檬酸的脂族羧酸,和/或诸如乙酸铵、硫酸铵或乙酸钠的盐。这些酸尤其用于将本发明实施中所使用溶液的pH值调整到4-5。
纤维材料首先放入含有抗微生物剂,优选地含有染料及任何其它辅料的浴槽中,浴液在20-80℃下pH值已调整到4.5-5.5,然后将温度升高到80-125℃达20-40分钟,并进一步处理10-100分钟,优选地在80-125℃范围处理20-80分钟。
试样按这样的方法进行整理,即将处理溶液冷却到50-80℃,任选地用水洗去染料,如果需要,再以传统方式在碱性介质中还原清洗染料。然后将处理后的试样再一次清洗和干燥。当使用还原染料对纤维素成分进行染色时,首先用pH值为6-12.5的亚硫酸氢盐对织物进行处理,然后用氧化剂处理,最后清洗干净。
本发明的方法使获得用抗微生物剂整理的功效持续时间长的纺织材料成为可能。用本发明的方法整理过的纺织材料对抑制微生物、降低污染危险、减少异味、增加新鲜感和提高卫生条件等方面是有益的。
在以下实施例中,百分比以重量计。染料和抗微生物剂的量以纯物质计。
实施例1:抗微生物制剂的制备
将7.0g通式(101)的化合物(三氯生)、21.0g萘磺酸/甲醛缩合物、112.0g水在已预先加入200g石英砂的合适的容器中混合。然后将混合物在转鼓机中均化24小时。再将石英砂过滤掉,制剂就可备用了。
实施例2:制剂的掺合
将实施例1制备的50ml制剂置于合适的容器中并用1000ml水稀释,与由聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯制得的约500g纺织材料一起。然后将该容器密封并置于120℃浴槽中1-5小时。然后将处理后的纺织材料从制剂中取出并用水彻底冲洗。
实施例3:纺织材料中三氯生浓度的测定
处理后的纺织品中三氯生的浓度通过将适量的该纺织材料溶解在二氯乙酸中,然后进行合适的分离/萃取过程,再进行高效液体色谱分析来测量。结果发现该浓度为纺织品总重量的0.26%。
实施例4:已处理纺织品的萃取
为确定三氯生是已经掺合到分子间的结构中还是已经吸附到纺织品表面上,进行萃取实验。这样,用作为三氯生良好溶剂的己烷对合适量的已处理纺织品进行索格利特萃取达60分钟。已进行萃取的纺织品中三氯生的浓度和萃取剂分别通过高效液体色谱分析。结果发现纤维中三氯生的浓度几乎保持不变,其中萃取剂中三氯生的量可以忽略。这些结果表明三氯生已掺合到形成纺织品的PET纤维中。
实施例5:已处理纤维抗微生物功效的测定
试样的抗细菌活性已经在根据琼脂扩散测试的迁移试样中测得。
试样:聚酯试样LA45
微生物评价:根据细菌生长抑制测试(修正的测试方法CG 147)确定
抑菌活性。原理:将直径20毫米的盘在无菌条件下打碎,然后置于含有细菌的已
固化琼脂顶层(隔夜培养,进行1∶100(S.aureus)和1∶1000(E.coli)
稀释,将3.5ml添加到500ml琼脂中)。
培养后,测量抑制区,获得的结果列于表1中。测试细菌:金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)ATCC 9144
大肠埃希氏菌(Escherichia coli)ATCC 11229营养介质:酪蛋白大豆粉胨琼脂(两层琼脂:没有细菌的15ml的底层
和有细菌的6ml的顶层)培养:18-24小时,37℃
表1: | ||||
微生物试样 | 金黄色葡萄球菌ATCC9144 | 大肠埃希氏菌ATCC11229 | ||
ZI1 | VR | ZI | VR2 | |
含有三氯生的聚酯试样 | 9/9 | 4/4 | 2/2 | 4/4 |
0=强生长(无活性)4=无生长(良好的活性) | ||||
1抑制区域(mm)2盘上生长的Vinson速率 |
实施例6:
a.将5g SLS(月桂基硫酸钠,Henkel)溶解在100ml水中。然后将1g三氯生边搅拌边加入溶液中。优选地将溶液加热到60℃以促进加溶/分散。
b.将5ml制剂加入195ml水中。然后将10g聚酯织物试样加入到稀释后的制剂中,并将混合物加热到130℃达60分钟。此后清洗织物,发现织物中三氯生含量为0.47%。
实施例7:
将在实施例6a中制备的2.5ml制剂加入到195ml水中。然后将10g棉(40%)和聚酯(60%)织物的掺合物加入到稀释的制剂中,并将混合物加热到130℃达60分钟。
此后清洗织物,发现在聚酯织物内三氯生含量为0.42%。
实施例8:两个用三氯生处理的聚酯试样抗微生物活性的测定
两个通过染色工艺用三氯生处理的聚酯试样在2500ppm的次氯酸盐(所得pH值为11)中清洗20个周期(每周期15分钟)。
这些试样的抗微生物功效根据方法CG 147针对一个革兰氏阳性菌株和两个革兰氏阴性菌株在琼脂扩散测试中确定。
含有三氯生的PES试样甚至在清洗20个周期后对革兰氏阳性金黄色葡萄球菌和革兰氏阴性大肠埃希氏菌和普通变形菌(Proteus vulgaris)仍表现出优异的抗菌效果。
微生物评价
根据细菌生长抑制测试(琼脂扩散测试,CG 147)测定抑菌活性。
试样
试样1:含有0.25%的三氯生的PES/棉的掺合物(60∶40)
试样2:清洗20个周期后的PES/棉的掺合物
测试细菌:金黄色葡萄球菌ATCC 9144
大肠埃希氏菌NCTC 8196
普通变形菌ATCC 13315
营养介质:酪蛋白大豆粉胨琼脂(CASO-琼脂)
培养:在37℃下24小时(对普通变形菌为28℃)
原理:
为制备琼脂板,将15ml无菌琼脂介质倒在培替氏培养皿上形成底层,琼脂固化后将6ml含菌琼脂均匀分散在底层琼脂上。
为制备含菌琼脂,将3.5ml 1∶100(金黄色葡萄球菌)和1∶1000(大肠埃希氏菌和普通变形菌)稀释的细菌隔夜培养物与500ml熔化的琼脂在47℃混合。
当顶层固化后,将织物试样(直径为20毫米的圆盘形)置于已接种的琼脂板中部(每个琼脂板一个试样)。每个测试材料测试两次。
然后将所有板进行温育。温育后,测量围绕织物盘的抑制区并评价盘下面的生长情况。结果列于表2
表2 | ||||||
微生物 | 金黄色葡萄球菌ATCC9144 | 大肠埃希氏菌NCTC8196 | 普通变形菌ATCC13315 | |||
试样 | ZI | VR | ZI | VR | ZI | VR |
试样1含有0.25%Irgasan DP300的PES/棉的掺合物 | 10/10 | 4/4 | 5/5 | 4/4 | 6/6 | 4/4 |
试样2用2500次氯酸盐处理20次后的PES/棉的掺合物 | 5/5 | 4/4 | 2/2 | 4/4 | 0/0 | 4/4 |
所有试样测试两次。两次的结果均示于表2。
表中符号:ZI=围绕织物盘的抑制区(毫米)
VR=Vinson速率,用于盘下面的生长情况
0=在盘下生长(无活性)
4=不生长(活性很好)
L.J.Vinson等,J.Pharm.Sci.50,827-830,1961
结果清楚表明,PES/棉掺合物在处理后同样表现出优异的抗微生物活性。在用2500ppm次氯酸盐清洗20次后具有的良好活性是惊人的。
实施例9:
将6g三氯生溶解在4g丙二醇中(溶液A)。将0.5g月桂基硫酸钠溶解在200g水中(溶液B)。然后将90mg溶液A加入到已加热到60℃的溶液B中。得到的混合物是透明的溶液(溶液C),其中三氯生已溶解。将10g聚酯织物加入到溶液C中并加热到130℃维持60分钟。然后清洗PES织物。
处理后的PES织物中三氯生的浓度为0.48%。
实施例10:
将10g三氯生溶解在10g异丙醇和20g丙二醇的混合物中。在该混合物中加入50g月桂基硫酸钠、5g枯烯磺酸钠和5g水。
所得混合物为透明溶液。
实施例11:
将实施例10制备的0.5g制剂加入到200g水中。所得混合物是混浊但稳定的乳液。在该混合物中加入10g尼龙66织物,并在95℃下进行抗微生物处理达60分钟。
处理后的尼龙66织物含有0.5%三氯生。
实施例12:在同步染色过程中将抗微生物剂掺入到尼龙织物中
该实施例中抗微生物制剂与染料一起加入到尼龙6和尼龙66织物中,即抗微生物处理与织物的染色同时进行。加入的实施例6的抗微生物制剂的量总是1g。处理过程总是60分钟。三氯生的浓度用实施例3描述的条件分析。
实验中所用的浴比为1∶10,即20g织物在200ml水浴中。该实施例中使用的染料为:
Lanaset绿B:1.0%owf
Lanaset兰2R:0.8%owf
Lanaset BordeauxB:0.2%owf
Erionyl黄A-R:0.6%owf
结果显示染料的加入不影响抗微生物剂掺入到织物中。该过程的优点在于抗微生物处理可与染色同时进行。从而可节省向织物中掺合要求的抗微生物剂的额外的处理成本。
实施例13:与染料一起进行连续处理时向尼龙地毯中掺入抗微生物剂
尼龙制地毯的大部分通过这样的连续处理进行染色,即用分散/溶解在水浴中的染料轧染未染色的地毯,接着用约100℃的蒸汽固色2-10分钟,然后甩干、清洗、再甩干并烘干。在该实施例中,将与实施例6中描述的相同的抗微生物制剂掺入到染液中。该实验中使用的染料为:
Tectilon黄3R 200% 1.13%owf
Tectilon红23 200% 0.464%owf
Tectilon蓝4R-0 200% 0.46%owf
辅料
1克/升SolvitoseOFA
3克/升IrgapadolPN
3克/升乙酸铵
将11.5克/升实施例6中描述的制剂加入到上述配方中。染液对地毯的吸液率为450%。地毯用1克/升的TinovetinJu在60℃预先浸湿。
在该实施例中,制备两个试样。一个试样通过定形5分钟得到,另一个试样通过定形10分钟得到。成品地毯用实施例3描述的分析三氯生浓度的方法进行分析。
固定在地毯中的三氯生浓度对两个试样均为0.4%左右。
实施例14:与染料一起进行连续处理时向尼龙地毯中掺入抗微生物剂
t尼龙制地毯的大部分通过这样的连续处理进行染色,即用分散/溶解在水浴中的染料轧染未染色的地毯,接着用约100℃的蒸汽固色2-10分钟,然后甩干、清洗、再甩干并烘干。在该实施例中,将与实施例6中描述的相同的抗微生物制剂掺入到染液中。该实验中使用的染料为:
Tectilon黄3R200% 1.13%owf
Tectilon红23 200% 0.464%owf
Tectilon蓝4R-0 200% 0.46%owf
辅料
1克/升SolvitoseOFA
3克/升IrgapadolPN
3克/升乙酸铵
将11.5克/升实施例6中描述的制剂加入到上述配方中。染液对地毯的吸液率为450%。地毯用1克/升的TinovetinJu在60℃预先浸湿。
在该实施例中,制备两个试样。一个试样通过定形5分钟得到,另一个试样通过定形10分钟得到。成品地毯用实施例3描述的分析三氯生浓度的方法进行分析。
固定在地毯中的三氯生浓度对两个试样均为0.4%左右。
实施例15:
将10g 4,4’-二氯-2’-羟基二苯醚溶解在10g异丙醇和20g丙二醇的混合物中。在该混合物中加入50g月桂基硫酸钠、5g枯烯磺酸钠和5g水。所得制剂为清彻的溶液。
实施例16:
用实施例15中制备的0.5g制剂和实施例11描述的方法处理尼龙66织物。
处理后的织物含有0.5%的4,4’-二氯-2’-羟基二苯醚。
Claims (23)
1.将抗微生物剂掺入到纤维、织物或布匹中的方法,该方法包括:使所述纤维进入含有抗微生物剂的水性溶液以处理所述材料,所述抗微生物剂选自
(a)卤代邻羟基二苯基化合物;
(b)酚类衍生物;
(c)苄醇;
(d)氯己啶(chlorohexidine)和它的衍生物;
(e)C12-C14烷基甜菜碱和C8-C18脂族酸酰氨基烷基甜菜碱;
(f)两性表面活性剂;
(g)三卤N-碳酰苯胺;
(h)季和多季化合物;以及
(i)噻唑化合物。
3.权利要求2的方法,其中抗微生物剂(a)是通式(l)的化合物,其中X是氧、硫或-CH2-,和Y是氯或溴,m是0,n是0或1,o是1或2,r是1或2,以及p是0。
5.权利要求1-4的任一项的方法,其中抗微生物剂(a)是以下通式的化合物
9.权利要求1的方法,其中抗微生物剂(g)以下通式的化合物其中Hal是氯或溴,n和m是1或2,以及n+m是3。
10.权利要求1-9的任一项的方法,其中抗微生物剂作为呈稀释、加溶、乳化或分散形式的水性制剂被使用。
11.权利要求10的方法,其中抗微生物剂用阴离子、非离子或两性离子和两性合成的表面活性物质进行加溶或分散。
12.权利要求11的方法,其中表面活性剂是枯烯基磺酸钠或月桂基硫酸钠。
13.权利要求10的方法,其中抗微生物剂用一元或二元醇进行加溶。
14.权利要求10的方法,其中抗微生物剂用阴离子、非离子、两性离子、两性的表面活性物质和一种或多种一元和/或二元醇的混合物进行加溶。
15.权利要求1-14的任一项的方法,其中以纤维材料计,添加到水性溶液中的抗微生物剂为0.001-10%重量。
16.权利要求1-15的任一项的方法,其中该方法在80-135℃的温度范围内进行。
17.权利要求1的方法,其中含有抗微生物剂的水性溶液在掺入前首先被磨碎成微细颗粒,然后进行分散,或者将抗微生物剂加溶或分散或溶解在水中而不进行任何磨碎处理。
18.权利要求17的方法,其中将抗微生物剂在掺入前溶于表面活性剂中,在少量的有机溶剂、其它成分和水中。
19.权利要求17或18的方法,其中将溶解、分散或加溶的抗微生物剂加热到高于其熔点的温度。
20.用权利要求1-19的任一项的方法处理过的纺织材料。
21.权利要求20的纺织材料,其中该材料选自丝、皮革、羊毛、聚酰胺、聚氨酯、聚酯、聚丙烯腈和含有纤维素的纤维材料。
22.权利要求20的纤维材料,其中纤维材料是天然纤维相互之间或与合成纤维材料的掺合物,或是合成纤维材料相互之间的掺合物。
23.将含有抗微生物剂、表面活性物质、含或不含少量有机溶剂以及水的制剂用于权利要求1的方法的用途。
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP97810767.0 | 1997-10-13 | ||
EP97810767 | 1997-10-13 | ||
EP98810677 | 1998-07-15 | ||
EP98810677.9 | 1998-07-15 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1221051A true CN1221051A (zh) | 1999-06-30 |
Family
ID=26148081
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN98126157A Pending CN1221051A (zh) | 1997-10-13 | 1998-10-13 | 用抗微生物剂处理纺织材料的方法 |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20010055651A1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JPH11189975A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR19990037017A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1221051A (zh) |
AU (1) | AU8844598A (zh) |
BR (1) | BR9803847A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2249913A1 (zh) |
HU (1) | HUP9802313A3 (zh) |
ID (1) | ID21074A (zh) |
PL (1) | PL329151A1 (zh) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1328957C (zh) * | 2003-12-05 | 2007-08-01 | 洪麟 | 多元体协同增效多功能广谱消毒剂及其应用 |
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JP2004515642A (ja) * | 2000-12-14 | 2004-05-27 | チバ スペシャルティ ケミカルズ ホールディング インコーポレーテッド | 界面活性組成物 |
JP4122171B2 (ja) * | 2002-04-22 | 2008-07-23 | Kisco株式会社 | レジスト残渣除去剤または半導体デバイスあるいは液晶デバイス製造プロセス用洗浄剤 |
US7939686B2 (en) * | 2004-02-25 | 2011-05-10 | Supreme Corporation | Method for providing antimicrobial composite yarns, composite fabrics and articles made therefrom |
JP2009541046A (ja) * | 2006-07-05 | 2009-11-26 | チバ ホールディング インコーポレーテッド | 水処理における抗菌剤としてのジハロゲノ−ヒドロキシジフェニルエーテル |
EP2501247A4 (en) | 2009-11-20 | 2017-01-18 | Warwick Mills, Inc. | Pathogen protection garment with both rapid and persistent rechargable self-sterilization |
US8809210B2 (en) | 2009-11-20 | 2014-08-19 | Warwick Mills, Inc. | Low roughness high surface-energy, anti-microbial fabric |
US8987150B2 (en) * | 2009-11-20 | 2015-03-24 | Warwick Mills Inc. | Breathable chembio protection fabric with carbon nanotube physical pathogen barrier |
JP2011127243A (ja) * | 2009-12-17 | 2011-06-30 | Jnc Corp | 制菌加工方法 |
CN102772118B (zh) * | 2011-05-09 | 2016-09-28 | 紫罗兰家纺科技股份有限公司 | 无菌加营养素窗帘 |
US8541352B2 (en) * | 2011-11-11 | 2013-09-24 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Surface treatment compositions including poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) and sheilding salts |
ES2861300T3 (es) | 2012-02-20 | 2021-10-06 | Basf Se | Potenciación de la actividad antimicrobiana de biocidas con polímeros |
US20140283282A1 (en) * | 2013-02-22 | 2014-09-25 | Kenneth Dye | Hosiery and dancewear with antimicrobial and moisture-wicking properties |
CN107780205A (zh) * | 2016-08-29 | 2018-03-09 | 浙江集品网链网络科技有限公司 | 一种保健纱线的加工方法 |
WO2019087124A1 (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2019-05-09 | Clexio Biosciences Ltd. | Finished fibrous structures and methods of their use and preparation |
KR101978097B1 (ko) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-05-13 | 김병태 | 유황을 이용한 항균 염색조성물 제조방법 |
-
1998
- 1998-10-08 BR BR9803847-8A patent/BR9803847A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-10-08 US US09/168,416 patent/US20010055651A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-10-09 ID IDP981346A patent/ID21074A/id unknown
- 1998-10-09 CA CA002249913A patent/CA2249913A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-10-12 KR KR1019980042474A patent/KR19990037017A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-10-12 AU AU88445/98A patent/AU8844598A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-10-12 HU HU9802313A patent/HUP9802313A3/hu unknown
- 1998-10-12 JP JP10288591A patent/JPH11189975A/ja active Pending
- 1998-10-12 PL PL98329151A patent/PL329151A1/xx unknown
- 1998-10-13 CN CN98126157A patent/CN1221051A/zh active Pending
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1328957C (zh) * | 2003-12-05 | 2007-08-01 | 洪麟 | 多元体协同增效多功能广谱消毒剂及其应用 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
HUP9802313A3 (en) | 2002-07-29 |
HUP9802313A2 (hu) | 1999-08-30 |
CA2249913A1 (en) | 1999-04-13 |
JPH11189975A (ja) | 1999-07-13 |
US20010055651A1 (en) | 2001-12-27 |
AU8844598A (en) | 1999-04-29 |
ID21074A (id) | 1999-04-15 |
KR19990037017A (ko) | 1999-05-25 |
PL329151A1 (en) | 1999-04-26 |
BR9803847A (pt) | 2000-05-16 |
HU9802313D0 (en) | 1998-12-28 |
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