CN1216217A

CN1216217A - Application technology of aftergreen character of water melon leaf in the hybridization rate determination of F1 seed

Info

Publication number: CN1216217A
Application number: CN 97120102
Authority: CN
Inventors: 马双武
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1997-10-31
Filing date: 1997-10-31
Publication date: 1999-05-12
Anticipated expiration: 2017-10-31
Also published as: CN1092476C

Abstract

The present invention is one method for early determination of the purity of hybrid water melon. Through selection and combination by using the strain with aftergreen character of water melon leaf as female parent or transferring the character onto some female parent, hybrid seed is bred. By distinguishing whether some generation of plant during cotyledon seedling stage exhibits aftergreen character, the purity of the hybrid is determined. The method is simple, but reliable. By adopting the technology and using aftergreen strain 96B90 as female parent, new hybrid water melon 5506 has been bred.

Description

Green proterties is at F behind the water melon leaf 1Application technology during the seed hybrid rate is identified

One, the watermelon heterosis utilization has the advantage that general kind can't be compared, but F ₁The authenticate technology method of seed hybrid rate but is a difficult problem always.Up to the present, the method for testing both at home and abroad and using has gene engineering research, isodynamic enzyme method and planting method several, and weak point is still big, is badly in need of technological improvement.

1, gene engineering research: having the anti-kanamycin or the anti-herbicide gene segment of dominance indicative function, transfer on the male parent of watermelon combination, then to F by technique for gene engineering ₁The seed seedling carries out kanamycin or herbicide screening is handled, and what show resistance is hybrid seed, otherwise, be non-hybrid seed, thereby identify F ₁The seed hybrid rate.Advantage: but EARLY RECOGNITION is operated comparatively easyly, can operate in a large number, is subjected to environmental influence little, relatively accurately.Not enough: as discern not intuitively, difficultly grasped by the melon grower; Early stage, the gene transfer technique difficulty was big, and equipment investment is big; Whether product has harmful effect to the consumer, and arguement is still arranged.

2, isodynamic enzyme method: the isozymogram that at first analyzes watermelon combination both sides compares, and analyzes F then ₁Isozymogram for seed is discerned, F ₁For the hybrid seed that is that comprises parents' isozymogram feature in the seed isozymogram, otherwise then be not.Advantage: but EARLY RECOGNITION, relatively accurately.Not enough: discern not intuitively, the technology operation is strict, is subject to the experimental condition influence, and poor repeatability is limited to by shop test equipment, is difficult for operating in a large number.

3, planting method: the crossbreed that will regain is then got representative sample earlier and broadcasts into the land for growing field crops before plantation in 1 year, and (do female parent as the plate leaf, decomposite leaf is done male parent to the shape by identification melon leaf, F ₁In generation, be decomposite leaf), (do female parent as the circle tire, long tire is done male parent to the shape of melon tire, F ₁The Dai Chengchang tire), the color of melon leaf (as yellow leaf do male parent, greenery are done female parent, F ₁The Dai Chenghuang leaf), the color of the leather of melon (is done female parent as light color, is done male parent, F for dark or wounded in the battle ₁In generation, be paternal character) so that whether ripening fruits meets this assemblage characteristic characteristic and identifies the seed hybrid rate.Advantage: can intuitively discern, technology is easy, can operate in a large number.Not enough: can not EARLY RECOGNITION, floor space is big, and the time is long, and is subjected to the amblent air temperature condition restriction, and in addition, the utilization of yellow leaf dominant character is influential to the product and the quality of a generation.

Two, green proterties is a newtype of its leaf variegation behind the water melon leaf, and external early have discovery and research, but do not see application report.The domestic report that has not yet to see discovery.I have found to possess the individual plant of this proterties first from the watermelon resource of introducing in 1994, done selfing immediately and reserved seed for planting, and proterties is observed and genetic research continuously, for its at F ₁Lay the foundation for the application in the evaluation of seed hybrid rate.

The watermelon individual plant that possesses green proterties behind the blade, just tangible difference is arranged from emerging with general individual plant, its newborn organ is yellowish-white, then slowly the elder changes green, this process generally took about 5 days, and the newborn organ of general individual plant except that hypocotyl and cotyledon in the same day of being unearthed, change green, other almost be a green always.Specifically: hypocotyl, cotyledon that this proterties individual plant just has been unearthed are yellow-white, and just slow elder changes green in then 3～4 days, and this process finishes as yet, newborn terminal bud is yellow-white again, then grow yellow-white tender leaf and young stem, same slowly elder changes green, probably needs 5～7 days.After this young stem and tender leaf are yellow-white always, and this difference remains to stopping of plant vegetative growth always.

Studies show that green proterties is the recessive character by the pair of alleles control of heredity behind the water melon leaf, have certain genetic development and transferability.It with the first-filial generation of just evergreen individual plant after green proterties disappear, plant is acted normally green, can differentiate the seed hybrid rate according to this.At F ₂In the generation and 1 generation of backcrossing, the green and just evergreen individual plant in back is 1: 3 respectively and separates with 1: 1 ratio, can carry out the hybridization of the green proterties in back according to this and shift the back green strain that seed selection is new.

Seed selection and the good green strain 96B90 in back that utilizes, fruit properties have stronger coordinate force for circle, casting skin, big red meat, black, the thousand kernel weight 25～30g of seed.By the new combination 5506 of its apolegamy, in ripe, the oval fruit of casting skin, scarlet meat and tool high yield, high-quality, advantage such as degeneration-resistant, have the wide development prospect, with the new trend of leader's watermelon hybrid breeding.

Three, adopt and to possess behind the water melon leaf improved seeds system of green proterties and do female parent and carry out combination selection, or green proterties behind the water melon leaf is transferred on the female parent of certain successful breed combination by general cross or technique for gene engineering method, like this F ₁Can realize accurate evaluation for the seed hybrid rate between cotyledon period, simple and easy to do and fast and reliable, for other authenticate technology method does not possess, this is a technological innovation in the research field.Concrete using value is as follows:

1, can intuitively discern, not need other test processing and equipment investment, clear and easy to understand, simple and feasible, by vast seed operator and consumer are loved, be easy to popularize.

But 2 EARLY RECOGNITION can identify hybridization and non-hybrid strain at the watermelon cotyledon seedling stage, and the time is short, but the indoor and outdoor operation is not subject to the environmental condition restriction, and seed circulates early.

3, accurately and reliably.Green behind the water melon leaf is qualitative character, and in vegetative period after seed plantlet reaches, hybridization all has stable obvious difference with non-cross hybrid seedling, can identify at any time.

4, coordinate force is strong, and is applied widely, not limited to by kind, to no any harmful effects such as the output of kind, qualities.

5, after seed put into production, the melon grower can accurately discern and rejects non-cross hybrid seedling at nursery stage, avoided giving inadequately to produce because of the seed hybrid rate directly bringing economic loss.

Claims

1, adopts and to possess behind the water melon leaf improved seeds system of green proterties and do female parent and carry out combination selection, or green proterties behind the water melon leaf is transferred on the female parent of certain successful breed combination by general cross or technique for gene engineering method, like this F ₁Can realize accurate evaluation for the seed hybrid rate between cotyledon period, simple and easy to do and fast and reliable, for other authenticate technology method does not possess, this is a technological innovation in the research field.

2, the watermelon individual plant that possesses green proterties behind the blade, just tangible difference is arranged from emerging with general individual plant, its newborn organ is yellowish-white, then slowly the elder changes green, this process generally took about 5 days, and the newborn organ of general individual plant except that hypocotyl and cotyledon in the same day of being unearthed, change green, other almost be a green always.

3, seed selection and the good green strain 96B90 in back that utilizes, fruit properties have stronger coordinate force for circle, casting skin, big red meat, black, the thousand kernel weight 25～30g of seed.By the new combination 5506 of its apolegamy, in ripe, the oval fruit of casting skin, scarlet meat and tool high yield, high-quality, advantage such as degeneration-resistant, have the wide development prospect, with the new trend of leader's watermelon hybrid breeding.

Studies show that 4, green proterties is the recessive character by the pair of alleles control of heredity behind the water melon leaf, have certain genetic development and transferability.It with the first-filial generation of just evergreen individual plant after green proterties disappear, plant is acted normally green, can differentiate the seed hybrid rate according to this.At F ₂In the generation and 1 generation of backcrossing, the green and just evergreen individual plant in back is 1: 3 respectively and separates with 1: 1 ratio, can carry out the hybridization of the green proterties in back according to this and shift the back green strain that seed selection is new.