CN105613256A - Watermelon hybridization breeding and hybrid identification method - Google Patents
Watermelon hybridization breeding and hybrid identification method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105613256A CN105613256A CN201511006364.1A CN201511006364A CN105613256A CN 105613256 A CN105613256 A CN 105613256A CN 201511006364 A CN201511006364 A CN 201511006364A CN 105613256 A CN105613256 A CN 105613256A
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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Abstract
The invention discloses a watermelon hybridization breeding and hybrid identification method. The method comprises the following steps that 1, watermelon leaf yellow spot inheritable characters are introduced into a male parent of a hybridized combination, and the male parent is made to express the leaf yellow spot inheritable characters; 2, the male parent with the leaf yellow spot inheritable characters is hybridized with a female parent with no leaf yellow spot inheritable characters to obtain the first generation of hybrid, and the new combination or variety of watermelon is obtained; 3, further seeding and emergence observation are further performed on seeds of the first generation of hybrid, single plants with no yellow spots on leaves are not hybridization plants, single plants with yellow spots on leaves are hybridization plants, and therefore the purity of hybridization seeds can be identified. The obtained hybridization seeds have the good yield and quality, non-hybridization seedlings can be accurately recognized and removed in a nursery stage, economic losses brought to production due to insufficient seed purity are avoided, hybridization identification can be performed, the requirement for rapid and visual watermelon hybridization identification is met, and the good market prospect is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to watermelon breeding field, in particular to a kind of watermelon hybrid breeding and Hybridization identification method.
Background technology
China is the first in the world watermelon big producing country, cultivating watermelon area more than 3,000 ten thousand mu now, and the variety of watermelon producing application is all cross-fertilize seed, but the qualification of cross-fertilize seed is an individual technical barrier always. Prior art being identified, the method for hybrid water melon mainly contains general field plot test method and molecular markers for identification method.
Wherein, general field plot test method before plantation in the 2nd year, the cross-fertilize seed gathered in the crops then is first replaced table sample be sown into land for growing field crops, by identifying whether the phene (mainly seeing fruit properties) being sowed watermelon meets kind proterties and identify cross-fertilize seed. Owing to watermelon at least needs 70��100 days a vegetative period, in China ground watermelon then after sowing all in the second half year, natural environmental condition (temperature and light shines) can not allow to plant generation watermelon more, therefore watermelon hybrid seed to be realized qualification then and must go to the ground such as Yunnan, Hainan " Nan Fan ", and generally all take certain EARLY RECOGNITION proterties to complete, often using the shape of ovary (children's melon) as identification proterties, female parent is circular ovary, male parent is long shape ovary, then first generation of hybrid ovary be long shape be hybrid, otherwise be not just; The method can intuitively identify, technology is easy, can operate in a large number, practical. But general field plot test method remains in following shortcoming: limit by natural environmental condition, can not EARLY RECOGNITION, floor space is big, time is longer, cost is also high, and can not supervise for selling the seed quality dispute after planting timely and process, produce and sell to watermelon seed and bring a lot of inconvenience with melon grower.
In addition, molecular markers for identification method be hybrid water melon parent is combined both sides DNA in contrast, analyze the male parent of the first generation of hybrid, maternal DNA characteristics band, according to whether the performance of its characteristic strip in the first generation of hybrid identifies hybrid seed: what comprise parent dna characteristic strip in first generation of hybrid seed DNA characteristics band is cross-fertilize seed, otherwise is not then cross-fertilize seed. The method can EARLY RECOGNITION cross-fertilize seed, can operate in a large number, not limit by natural environmental condition, relatively accurately, efficiency is also very high. But molecular markers for identification method remains in following shortcoming: identifying not directly perceived, and operational requirement is strict, be subject to test conditions impact, technician is required height, appraisal cost is higher, and suitability is poor.
Chinese invention patent ZL97120102.1 discloses a kind of method utilizing the rear green proterties of water melon leaf to be identified by hybrid water melon, belong to the improvement of field plot test method, its step is the female parent first rear green proterties introduced cross of water melon leaf combined, green proterties after female parent is shown, again with do not have the male parent of rear green proterties to carry out hybridization to obtain the first generation of hybrid, then observe after first generation of hybrid insemination and emergence, it is not cross-fertilize seed that newborn organ turns into the single strain in green (rear green) for 3��7 days, and single strain that newborn organ turned into green the same day is cross-fertilize seed. The advantage of the method be can intuitively identify in early days, be not subject to envrionment conditions restriction, accurately and reliably, applied widely. The shortcoming that this technological method exists is: rear green seedling is minority, and just evergreen seedling is most, not easily distinguishes the hybrid seedling that other the just evergreen seedlings outside the male parent easily occurring or mixing obtain.
Summary of the invention
For solving above-mentioned prior art Problems existing, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of watermelon hybrid breeding method, gained cross-fertilize seed has excellent yield and quality, and can accurately identify at nursery stage and reject non-cross hybrid seedling, avoid because seed purity deficiency is to producing the financial loss brought; And a kind of Hybridization identification method, the hybrid water melon qualification requirement of quicklook can be met, possess good market outlook and promotional value.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of watermelon hybrid breeding method of design, comprises the following steps:
(1) male parent (preferred existing hybridization transfer technology) water melon leaf yellow spotting inherited character introduced cross combined, makes male parent show blade yellow spotting inherited character;
(2) carry out hybridization with the male parent possessing blade yellow spotting inherited character with the female parent not carrying blade yellow spotting inherited character and obtain the first generation of hybrid, namely obtain watermelon Combination nova or kind.
Further, described blade yellow spotting inherited character is chosen as the blade macula lutea point inherited character in variety of watermelon " MoonStar ".
A kind of hybrid water melon authentication method of design, comprises the steps:
(1) male parent (preferred existing hybridization transfer technology) water melon leaf yellow spotting inherited character introduced cross combined, makes male parent show blade yellow spotting inherited character;
(2) carry out hybridization with the male parent possessing blade yellow spotting inherited character with the female parent not carrying blade yellow spotting inherited character and obtain the first generation of hybrid, namely obtain watermelon Combination nova or kind;
(3) being sowed by the first generation of hybrid seed obtained and observation of emerging, on blade, single strain without yellow spotting is not cross-fertilize seed strain, and single strain that blade carries yellow spotting is exactly cross-fertilize seed strain, identifies hybrid seed purity according to this.
Further, described blade yellow spotting inherited character is chosen as the blade macula lutea point inherited character in variety of watermelon " MoonStar ".
The present invention has following positive useful effect:
(1) the inventive method can intuitively identify cross-fertilize seed in early days, can identify hybrid strain and non-hybrid strain seedling stage at watermelon, seed can be made to circulate in early days, and simple and feasible, qualification time is short, is easy to promote and popularizes.
(2) after seed puts into production, melon grower can accurately identify at nursery stage and reject non-cross hybrid seedling, avoids because seed hybrid rate deficiency brings financial loss on producing.
(3) the inventive method is not subject to envrionment conditions restriction, can identify in indoor and outdoor.
(4) the inventive method water melon leaf yellow spotting is qualitative character, accurately and reliably, be present in seedling rough leaf and later all blades in vegetative period, the pericarp that comprises watermelon, hybridization and non-cross hybrid seedling all have stable obvious difference, can identify at any time.
(5) the inventive method does not need other test process and facility investment, and technical requirements is strong, applied widely, does not limit to by kind, to the output of kind, quality etc. without any detrimentally affect.
(6) the inventive method variety of watermelon possessing water melon leaf yellow spotting inherited character used is directive breeding, relatively rare, not easily causes mixed friendship or mixes.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 " MoonStar " variety of watermelon field picture;
Yellow spotting inherited character contrast (left strain blade has yellow spotting, right strain blade without yellow spotting) of Fig. 2 watermelon seedling;
Fig. 3 introduces the new water melon breed 15CF3(5512 of water melon leaf yellow spotting inherited character) field picture.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, technical solution of the present invention is described in further detail:
Study based on long-term watermelon breeding, contriver 2007 is in variety of watermelon " MoonStar " (Citrulluslanatusvar.vulgaris, this germ plasm resource is Collection and conservation in country watermelon and muskmelon storehouse in mid-term at present, stock is numbered ZXG01626) in found blade yellow spotting inherited character (see figure 1), while selfing is reserved seed for planting, this inherited character has been carried out continuous observation and genetic research. The kind not having a yellow spotting inherited character with plant leaf is as female parent, the kind having a yellow spotting inherited character with plant leaf is done male parent and is hybridized, its first-filial generation (F1) plant shows as blade yellow spotting inherited character, can cultivate supporting watermelon hybrid new variety successively and carry out hybrid identification or this proterties carries qualification. F1 selfing obtains the s-generation (F2), yellow spotting and be roughly 3:1 without xanthelasma single point strain segregation ratio in F2; F1 and blade are without in parent's backcross progeny of yellow spotting, yellow spotting and be roughly 1:1 without xanthelasma single point strain segregation ratio, the hybridization transfer of yellow spotting inherited character can be carried out according to this, the new yellow spotting strain of seed selection and carry out this inherited character and carry qualification. Above result shows: this blade yellow spotting inherited character is by the dominant character of pair of alleles control heredity, has certain genetic development and transferability; In addition, first this proterties shows (see figure 2) on the rough leaf in seedling stage, generally after planting seed, in 10 days, just can find out difference, afterwards the blade in whole vegetative period and pericarp all show this proterties (see Fig. 1,3), with general variety of watermelon proterties, there is obvious and stable difference.
In addition, observe qualification for many years to show: " MoonStar " variety of watermelon itself has good quality, pulp soluble solid content reaches as high as more than 12%, but output is on the low side, fruit is less than normal, heavy about the 4kg of single melon, and fruit shape is not round just, contracting top fruit rate is higher, should not directly utilize as Cultivar. By cross breeding method of the present invention, contriver has selected the excellent strain that 3 have blade yellow spotting inherited character, has good quality and cultivated character respectively, and the burden of this inherited character optimum shape invariably is described. Wherein:
15CB09(DZSU) proterties is: plant leaf has yellow spotting, fruit fruit circular, big, heavy about the 6kg of single melon, pericarp is light green that blackish green tooth bar and yellow spotting, pulp are pink, soluble solid content is up to 11.5%, the brown fiber crops of seed, thousand seed weight 57 grams, high resistance to wilt good, comprehensive proterties is excellent, has stronger combining ability;
15CB14 proterties is: plant leaf has yellow spotting, fruit is circular, greatly medium, heavy about the 4.7kg of single melon, pericarp is light green blackish green tooth bar and yellow spotting, pulp is red, crisp, soluble solid content up to 12.0%, seed ash jute, greatly medium, thousand seed weight 52.3 grams, anti-blight, comprehensive proterties is better;
15QB09 proterties is: plant leaf has yellow spotting, fruit ellipse, greatly medium, heavy about the 5kg of single melon, pericarp is light green that blackish green tooth bar and yellow spotting, pulp are pink, crisp, soluble solid content is 10.2%, seed is black, little, and thousand seed weight 32.5 grams, comprehensive proterties is better.
Adopting further the above male parent introducing water melon leaf yellow spotting inherited character, and do not have a female parent of water melon leaf yellow spotting inherited character and carry out cross combination configuration, its hybrid seed just can realize accurate qualification during seedling like this. Non-cross-fertilize seed watermelon list strain seedling from rough leaf just without yellow spotting, the plant leaf in later whole vegetative period comprises Fruit skin color all without yellow spotting, and cross-fertilize seed watermelon list strain seedling just has yellow spotting from rough leaf, the plant leaf in later whole vegetative period comprises Fruit skin color yellow spotting, this species diversity obviously and is stablized, by environmental influence.
Utilize excellent monosystem DZSU as male parent, it is multiple that current contriver has matched breed combination, wherein, 15CF3(5512), plant leaf has yellow spotting, fruit height is circular, pericarp is light green blackish green tooth bar and yellow spotting, heavy about the 5kg of fruit list melon, pulp is red, soluble solid content about 11.0%, and seed is dark brown, thousand seed weight 55 grams, high yield and high quality, high resistance to wilt good etc., have good application prospect.
In addition, the Combination nova of apolegamy at least also has 6, all has good yield and quality, is expected to obtain application, illustrates that this technology has good versatility. Specifically in table 1.
Table 1 has the new variety (combination) of watermelon yellow spotting inherited character
��
The effect utilizing watermelon yellow spotting inherited character to carry out hybrid identification to verify, contriver in spring in 2015 in conjunction with kind plantation observe nursery time entrust melon grower carried out combination 15CF3(5512) purity seedling stage assay experiment, nutrition pot size is 8cm �� 8cm, each nutrition pot sowing bud 5, every kind sows 14 nutrition pots totally 70 kind buds, sow 16 kinds altogether, when the true leaf of young plant a slice (after sowing 15 days) this it appears that, the blade of every strain young plant of 15CF3 there is yellow spotting, on other general kind blade, all this feature does not occur, purity qualification rate of accuracy reached is to 100%.
Autumn in 2015 entrusts again melon grower again to carry out combination 15QB71(5512 when observing nursery in conjunction with kind plantation) etc. the seedling-stage purity identification experiment of 7 band yellow spotting inherited character combination, adopt dry kind of sowing, due to time the growth of temperature higher melon seedling very fast, 10 days can qualification result, other methods and results is the same, and purity qualification accuracy rate is also 100%.
Thus illustrate, utilize this inherited character to carry out the technological method of watermelon purity qualification, precise and high efficiency, simple and easy to do, practical. General every kind sowing sample seeds 100 in actual qualification, 20 nutrition pots can (seed sample is many can be suitably multiple), each nutrition pot sows 5, during the true leaf of young plant a slice (generally after sowing 10��15 days) get final product identification of seed purity. Purity qualification in winter can be identified in temperature case, greenhouse in nursery, it is also possible to directly directly sows in soil or machine matter, can quick and precisely identify equally, reach the object of seedling stage assay purity.
The above, be only the specific embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any change of expecting without creative work or replacement, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain that claim book limits.
Claims (6)
1. a watermelon hybrid breeding method, it is characterised in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) male parent water melon leaf yellow spotting inherited character introduced cross combined, makes male parent show blade yellow spotting inherited character;
(2) carry out hybridization with the male parent possessing blade yellow spotting inherited character with the female parent not carrying blade yellow spotting inherited character and obtain the first generation of hybrid, namely obtain watermelon Combination nova or kind.
2. watermelon hybrid breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described blade yellow spotting inherited character is the blade macula lutea point inherited character entrained by variety of watermelon " MoonStar ".
3. watermelon hybrid breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: adopt the male parent that described blade yellow spotting inherited character introduced cross is combined by hybridization transfer method.
4. a hybrid water melon authentication method, it is characterised in that, comprise the steps:
(1) male parent water melon leaf yellow spotting inherited character introduced cross combined, makes male parent show blade yellow spotting inherited character;
(2) carry out hybridization with the male parent possessing blade yellow spotting inherited character with the female parent not carrying blade yellow spotting inherited character and obtain the first generation of hybrid, namely obtain watermelon Combination nova or kind;
(3) being sowed by the first generation of hybrid seed obtained and observation of emerging, on blade, single strain without yellow spotting is not cross-fertilize seed strain, and single strain that blade carries yellow spotting is exactly cross-fertilize seed strain, and identifies hybrid seed purity according to this.
5. hybrid water melon authentication method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: described blade yellow spotting inherited character is the blade macula lutea point inherited character entrained by variety of watermelon " MoonStar ".
6. hybrid water melon authentication method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: adopt the male parent that described blade yellow spotting inherited character introduced cross is combined by hybridization transfer method.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106718850A (en) * | 2017-01-22 | 2017-05-31 | 河南农业大学 | A kind of breeding method of muskmelon cenospecies |
| CN107896981A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-04-13 | 江苏徐淮地区淮阴农业科学研究所 | A kind of yellowing leaf variety of watermelon selection of inheritance stability |
| CN110447484A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-11-15 | 甘肃省农业科学院农业经济与信息研究所 | A kind of hybrid water melon seed purity identification method |
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| CN1216217A (en) * | 1997-10-31 | 1999-05-12 | 马双武 | Application technology of aftergreen character of water melon leaf in the hybridization rate determination of F1 seed |
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1216217A (en) * | 1997-10-31 | 1999-05-12 | 马双武 | Application technology of aftergreen character of water melon leaf in the hybridization rate determination of F1 seed |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
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| B.B.RHODES: "Genes affecting follage color in watermelon", 《THE JOURNAL OF HEREDLTY》 * |
| 农业标准编辑部: "《最新中国农业行业标准》", 30 November 2014 * |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106718850A (en) * | 2017-01-22 | 2017-05-31 | 河南农业大学 | A kind of breeding method of muskmelon cenospecies |
| CN107896981A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-04-13 | 江苏徐淮地区淮阴农业科学研究所 | A kind of yellowing leaf variety of watermelon selection of inheritance stability |
| CN110447484A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-11-15 | 甘肃省农业科学院农业经济与信息研究所 | A kind of hybrid water melon seed purity identification method |
| CN110447484B (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2021-04-27 | 甘肃省农业科学院农业经济与信息研究所 | Purity identification method for watermelon hybrid seeds |
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