CN106134978A - A kind of selection being suitable to mulberry shoot harvesting mulberry tree breed - Google Patents
A kind of selection being suitable to mulberry shoot harvesting mulberry tree breed Download PDFInfo
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- CN106134978A CN106134978A CN201610442887.9A CN201610442887A CN106134978A CN 106134978 A CN106134978 A CN 106134978A CN 201610442887 A CN201610442887 A CN 201610442887A CN 106134978 A CN106134978 A CN 106134978A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of selection being suitable to mulberry shoot harvesting mulberry tree breed, the step such as including female parent selection, male parent selection, hybridization, selection-breeding, propose to the property of the present invention is directed to parent candidate and plant matter list, cross combination list, provides method for being suitable to the efficient selection-breeding of the New Mulberry Variety of mulberry shoot harvesting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to plant genetics and breeding technical field, particularly to a kind of selection-breeding being suitable to mulberry shoot harvesting mulberry tree breed
Method.
Background technology
Planting mulberry and breeding silkworm are labor-intensive productions, but along with the quickening of urbanization process, rural labor constantly reduces, agriculture
Village's lack of labor has been a undisputable fact.Change mulberry field Cultivate administration pattern, reduce the labor intensity of sericulture, improve
Labor efficiency is to ensure the basis of Bombyxmori Linnaeus industry stable development.Labor-saving shoot rearing sericulture technology is an effective approach.Bar
Sang Yu breeds silkworms to refer to cut from mulberry and cuts down directly traditional the plucking from mulberry branch of hello silkworm replacement of the branch with mulberry leaf
Sheet leaf feeds the method for silkworm.The core of bar Sang Yangcan and basis are the mulberry tree breeds that plantation is suitable to mulberry shoot harvesting.Be suitable to mulberry shoot harvesting
Biology of having of mulberry tree breed and agronomic characteristics require to specifically include that spring force is strong, branch is elongated, the most neatly, joint
Between closeer, leaf blade size is moderate, is suitable to mulberry shoot harvesting and mechanized harvest etc..Be suitable to the life that the mulberry tree breed of mulberry shoot harvesting has
Characteristic requirements of science is mainly: resistance to cutting is cut down, and within trophophase 1 year, at least is resistant to cut for 3 times cut down.
Japan has been bred as the once large-area applications on producing such as more than 10 bar mulberry races such as rapids grade of new.China is the most special
The mulberry tree breed of mulberry shoot harvesting is bred as, and conventional mulberry races is cut for 1 year 3 times and cut down rear yield degradation, and after 3 years, mortality rate is up to
65%.So, lack bar Mulberry mulberry tree breed and draw and seriously constrain China's sericulture Labor-saving, the production requirement of scale.Cause
The technical difficult points of bar mulberry races selection-breeding difficulty is the selection of cross-breeding parent.When Juvenile stage, be suitable to mulberry shoot harvesting
The outward appearance of mulberry tree breed (kind matter) and mulberry yield feature easily identify, but the most effective method judges that its resistance to cutting is cut down
Performance, proposes the two aspect feature and performance to be genetic in same filial generation the most pointedly simultaneously simultaneously
Breeding method.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of selection being suitable to mulberry shoot harvesting mulberry tree breed, propose pointedly
Parent candidate plants matter list, cross combination list, provides method for being suitable to the efficient selection-breeding of the New Mulberry Variety of mulberry shoot harvesting.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
A kind of selection being suitable to mulberry shoot harvesting mulberry tree breed, comprises the following steps:
One, female parent selection
Female parent selection has the kind matter of following two aspect characteristic simultaneously:
(1) have and be suitable to the outward appearance agronomic characteristics of mulberry shoot harvesting: mulberry spring force is strong, clockwork spring number is many, becomes the strain of mulberry in age
Clockwork spring number is more than 15/strain, and it is elongated and uniform, uprightly neat to have branch, and interstitial content is big, and leaf blade size is medium;
It is (2) resistance in trophophase that to cut the ability of cutting down strong;
Two, male parent selects
Male parent selects to have the kind matter of following two aspect characteristic simultaneously:
I, mulberry yield ability high, disease and insect resistance is strong;Soil site condition and the medium mulberry field of rich water level, annual Mulberry
The yield of tree sheet leaf is higher than the kind matter of 2000Kg/ mu.Disease and insect resistance is the energy such as antibacterium sick (Mulberry epidemic disease), Phellinus linteus, red spider
Power is strong.
II, mulberry winter bar accessory bud is flourishing, phase in spring germinating energy is strong;Have around mulberry main bud in the middle part of winter branch more than 2 bright
Aobvious accessory bud, the phase in spring germinates to early April and extracts Folium Mori, and main accessory bud can be at 7 days Nei Kaiye.
Three, hybridization
By above-mentioned Juvenile stage method, configure cross combination, carry out artificial sexual hybridization, the seed of results hybridization then spring
After carry out autumn sowing, it is thus achieved that cross hybrid seedling, Second Year field planting, select to meet step one have to be suitable to the outward appearance agronomy of mulberry shoot harvesting special
The individual plant levied, individual plant enters Systematic selection and obtains the strain of stabilization characteristics of genetics as candidate's bar Sang Sangshu strain;
Four, selection-breeding
Candidate's bar Sang Sangshu strain obtains nursery stock by engrafting method, after plantation, selects to meet step one female parent selection
The strain of two aspect characteristics carries out individual plant and community biology and economical character investigation, and carries out regionality and life at multiple points
Produce test, mulberry shoot harvesting mulberry tree breed after authorization, must be suitable to.
As preferably, mulberry in age is become to refer to the mulberry more than or equal to 4 years age of trees.
As preferably, in trophophase, the resistance to strong standards of measurement of the ability of cutting down of cutting are: cut continuously by continuous 5 years, annual 3 times and cut down
Method identify, identification of indicator be within 5 years, cut continuously cut down, the 4th and the 5th year mulberry sheet whole year leaf-making quantity and tradition harvesting method
Than the decline being not statistically significant.Cutting down particularly as follows: mulberry carries out the spring, when phase in spring new bar grows to 100cm, the neatest fist is cut
Cut down mulberry shoot harvesting;After germination, when new bar grows to 100cm, the neat fist of second time cuts cut shoot Mulberry;Treat that new bar grows to after again germinateing
During 100cm, the neat fist of third time cuts cut shoot Mulberry.The neat fist of third time is cut after cutting down, and the branch one grown is until falling leaves winter.Within continuous 5 years, adopt
Cut in aforementioned manners and cut down results, cut to cut down the 4th, the 5th year continuous 2 years and investigate mulberry yield (blade adds three, five leaves) in removal
After environmental factors, the most statistically significantly decline with same kind (kind matter) ratio carrying out traditional method results always.
As preferably, meet the kind matter of step one female parent selection condition selected from one below: the leaf rapids, sharp of bud mutation new is blue or green
Mulberry, Zhejiang 102, Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Viride "Hur" mulberry, four bluish complexions, the Mulberry rapids, blue or green of new, the many Mulberries of Dong Ling branch, Rhizoma Euonymus oil step on (Xinchang), "Hur" mulberry 77, semi-annular jade pendant Mulberry 3
Number, Rhizoma Euonymus fire Mulberry, ink leaf ink fountain, true Mulberry in temperature age, leaf bud Mulberry, Shengxian County be blue or green, Rhizoma Euonymus Folium Nelumbinis.
As preferably, meet the kind matter of step 2 male parent alternative condition selected from one below: Nongsang No.8, farming and sericulture 12, agriculture
Mulberry No. 14, farming and sericulture 10, new Mulberry No. 1, educate 711, Haining Mulberry, new Mulberry No. 4, shengtong-1.
As preferably, the configuration female parent × male parent of cross combination in step 3 is selected from one below: ink leaf ink fountain × farming and sericulture
14, rapids × new Mulberry No. 1 of bud mutation one, Shengxian County green grass or young crops × educate 711, the rapids × shengtong-1 of bud mutation new, ink leaf ink fountain × new Mulberry No. 1,
Ink leaf ink fountain × farming and sericulture 12, rapids × Haining Mulberry of new, ink leaf ink fountain × new Mulberry No. 4.As preferably,
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: being suitable to the mulberry tree breed of mulberry shoot harvesting has become the urgent of China's sericultural production and be essential
Ask, production does not still have this special mulberry tree breed release.The invention provides one and be suitable to the special mulberry tree breed of mulberry shoot harvesting
The system of selection of parent during selection cross, and propose parent's candidate variety (kind matter) list pointedly, cross combination list,
Method is provided for being suitable to the efficient selection-breeding of the New Mulberry Variety of mulberry shoot harvesting.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the kind (kind matter) of the outward appearance agronomic characteristics possessing and being suitable to mulberry shoot harvesting.
Fig. 2 is the contrast of antibacterium characteristic of disease shape.
Fig. 3 is anti-red spider character pair ratio.
Fig. 4 is that No. 11 growing of mulberry situations of bar Mulberry (13 years age of trees) contrast with common variety.
Detailed description of the invention
Below by specific embodiment, technical scheme is described in further detail.
In the present invention, if not refering in particular to, the raw material used and equipment etc. are all commercially available or commonly used in the art.
Method in following embodiment, if no special instructions, is the conventional method of this area.
Embodiment:
1, have and be suitable to the choosing of mulberry tree breed (kind matter) of mulberry shoot harvesting agronomic characteristics
Mulberry Germplasm Resources is provided by Hangzhou, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science mulberry tree breed Germplasm Resources, and inventor is to from state
Inside and outside collection, introduction, and the 986 parts of kinds (kind being planted in the mulberry tree breed Germplasm Resources of Hangzhou, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science
Matter) appearance character investigate, select ink 210 parts of kinds (kind matter) such as leaf ink fountain, possess the outward appearance agriculture being suitable to mulberry shoot harvesting
Skill feature: send out that mulberry spring force is strong, clockwork spring number is many, become the strain clockwork spring number in mulberry in age (more than or equal to 4 years age of trees) more than 15/
Strain, and it is elongated and uniform, uprightly neat to have branch, interstitial content is big, leaf blade size medium (see Fig. 1).
2, female parent selection
210 parts of kinds such as the black leaf ink fountain possessing the outward appearance agronomic characteristics being suitable to mulberry shoot harvesting selected in step 1 (are planted
Matter), carry out continuous 5 years, annual 3 branch and leaf cut and cut down.Method is: the bar spring in winter is cut down, the phase in spring germinate after when new article grows to 100cm the
Once neat fist cuts cut shoot leaf, investigates sheet leaf-making quantity;After germination, when new bar grows to 100cm, the neat fist of second time cuts cut shoot leaf, investigation
Sheet leaf-making quantity;After again germinateing, when new bar grows to 100cm, the neat fist of third time cuts cut shoot leaf, investigates sheet leaf-making quantity.Third time is neat
Fist is cut after cutting down, and carries out bud thinning when the new slightly higher degree 10cm grown, and every strain mulberry stays bar 12-15 root, grows to winter certainly always
So fallen leaves.Result shows that having 22 kinds (kind matter) within continuous 5 years, to use said method to cut cuts down results, cuts and cuts down the 4th, the 5th year continuous 2
Year investigation mulberry yield (blade add three, five leaves), after removing environmental factors, and carries out the same of traditional method results always
One kind than the most statistically significantly decline (table 1), these kinds or plant matter include: "Hur" mulberry 77, semi-annular jade pendant Mulberry No. 3, Rhizoma Euonymus fire Mulberry,
Ink leaf ink fountain, true Mulberry in temperature age, leaf bud Mulberry, Shengxian County green grass or young crops, Rhizoma Euonymus Folium Nelumbinis, the leaf green grass or young crops Mulberry rapids, sharp of bud mutation new, rapids, the Zhejiang of bud mutation one
102, Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Viride "Hur" mulberry, new Mulberry No. 1, new Mulberry No. 4, four bluish complexions, the Mulberry rapids, blue or green of new, the many Mulberries of Dong Ling branch, Rhizoma Euonymus oil step on (Xinchang)
Deng.The 4th year of principal item (kind matter) and the 5th year Folium Mori average product are shown in Table 1.These kinds (kind matter) are in artificial hybridization method
Selection-breeding is suitable to be used as during mulberry shoot harvesting mulberry tree breed the female parent of hybridization.
Table 1. within continuous 5 years, cut cut down, the 4th and the 5th year Folium Mori average product
The identical expression of letter of same variety yield of the most same time upper right corner is not significantly different from.
3. male parent selects
To from collecting both at home and abroad, introducing, and it is planted in the mulberry tree breed Germplasm Resources of Hangzhou, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science
Annual Sang Sangye (sheet leaf) yield of 986 parts of kinds (kind matter), the ability such as antibacterium sick (Mulberry epidemic disease), Phellinus linteus, red spider
Carry out investigation in continuous 3 years with mulberry winter bar accessory bud and 3 character of phase in spring germinating energy, select 8 parts of kinds of No. 14 grades of farming and sericulture (kind matter),
Possessing under the horizontal moderate condition of soil site condition and rich water, the yield of annual mulberry sheet leaf is higher than 2000Kg/ mu.In mulberry
The outburst times such as antibacterium sick (Mulberry epidemic disease), Phellinus linteus, red spider have the ability of natural these pest and disease damages anti-.It is provided simultaneously with Mulberry
The character that tree winter bar accessory bud is flourishing, phase in spring germinating energy is strong.The yield traits of representative kind is shown in Table 2, and antibacterium characteristic of disease shape is shown in figure
2, anti-red spider character is shown in Fig. 3.
Continuous 3 annual productions of table 2. are higher than 30T/ hectare, and higher than the kind (kind matter) of "Hur" mulberry 32
Kind (kind matter) | First Year yield (T/ hectare) | Second Year yield (T/ hectare) | 3rd annual production (T/ hectare) |
Nongsang No.8 | 30.1b | 30.8b | 30.2a |
Farming and sericulture 10 | 30.6b | 31.7b | 32.2b |
Farming and sericulture 12 | 30.5b | 31.1b | 31.6b |
Farming and sericulture 14 | 32.1b | 33.2b | 33.9b |
New Mulberry No. 1 | 32.3b | 30.5b | 31.2b |
"Hur" mulberry 32 | 26.5a | 27.9a | 28.0a |
The identical expression of letter of the most same time different cultivars yield upper right corner is not significantly different from.
4. artificial sexual hybridization selection-breeding has the method being suitable to mulberry shoot harvesting kind (being)
Step 2 select for female parent, select yield high, diseases and insect pests resistance is strong, and winter bar accessory bud is flourishing, phase in spring germinating energy is strong
Mulberry tree breed be male parent.Carry out artificial hybridization, be provided with 27 cross combinations altogether, after the seed of results hybridization then, carry out autumn sowing.
Obtain cross hybrid seedling, except tiny Seedling eliminate in addition to, Second Year field planting, have by outward appearance be suitable to mulberry shoot harvesting mulberry tree breed biological characteristic and
The requirement of agronomic characteristics carries out the Single-plant selection of appearance character.Elite plant strain enters Systematic selection, selects 8 mulberry shoot harvestings altogether
Strain, is named as respectively: bar Mulberry No. 1, bar Mulberry No. 2, bar Mulberry No. 3, bar Mulberry No. 4, bar Mulberry No. 10, bar Mulberry No. 11, bar Mulberry No. 13, bar
Mulberry No. 16.Parent's (female parent-male parent) of these 8 cross combinations is respectively as follows: ink leaf ink fountain × farming and sericulture 14, rapids × new Mulberry of bud mutation one
No. 1, Shengxian County green grass or young crops × educate 711, the rapids × shengtong-1 of bud mutation new, ink leaf ink fountain × new Mulberry No. 1, ink leaf ink fountain × farming and sericulture 12, newly
Rapids × Haining Mulberry of one, black leaf ink fountain × new Mulberry No. 4.
5. resistance to the cutting of mulberry shoot harvesting new lines cuts down the character such as performance, yield
After in step 4, mulberry shoot harvesting new lines plants into age, carry out 1 year 3 times cutting cutting down by above-mentioned (1) method, continuous 5 years
Resistance to cutting cut down Performance Testing, cut and cut down the yield of the 4th year and the 5th year and be shown in Table 3.Wherein bar Mulberry No. 1, bar Mulberry No. 2, bar Mulberry No. 3, bar
Mulberry No. 4, bar Mulberry No. 10, bar Mulberry No. 11, the yield of No. 13 7 strains of bar Mulberry cut cut down at 1 year 3 time after with carry out tradition side always
The same kind of method results is remarkably decreased than not, and biology and economical character bases fit are in mulberry shoot harvesting requirement, anti-
Pest and disease damage ability is strong (Fig. 4).No. 16 yield cut continuously after cutting down 3 years of bar Mulberry notable (p 0.05) decline.
Table 3. within continuous 5 years, cut cut down, the 4th and the 5th year Folium Mori average product
The identical expression of letter of same variety yield of the most same time upper right corner is not significantly different from.
6. male parent, the effect of maternal contrary combinatorial artificial sexual hybridization and characters of progenies thereof in step 4
Step 2 select for male parent, select yield high, diseases and insect pests resistance is strong, and winter bar accessory bud is flourishing, phase in spring germinating energy is strong
Mulberry tree breed be maternal.Cross combination is set, carries out artificial hybridization, carry out autumn sowing after the seed of results hybridization then, it is thus achieved that hybridization
Seedling, in addition to tiny Seedling is eliminated, Second Year field planting, carry out Single-plant selection, grow excellent strain and enter Systematic selection, select 4 altogether
The combination of individual mulberry shoot harvesting, is named as respectively: bar 1, bar 2, bar 3, bar 4.The parent of this cross combination (maternal-
Male parent) it is respectively as follows: farming and sericulture 14 × ink leaf ink fountain, shengtong-1 × bud mutation new rapids, farming and sericulture 12 × ink leaf ink fountain, Haining Mulberry ×
New one rapids.
Resistance to the cutting of cross combination cuts down the character such as performance, yield:
After cross combination new product is tied to form age, carries out cutting resistance to the cutting cut down continuous 5 years, annual 3 times by the method for step 2 and cut down performance
Identify.Cut and cut down the yield of the 4th year and the 5th year and be shown in Table 4.Wherein bar 1, bar 2, bar 3, the yield of No. 44 strains of bar show
Write and decline, and under tradition harvesting method, yield is the lowest, illustrates that its resistance to cutting cuts down poor performance, and biology and economical character are most
Being not suitable for mulberry shoot harvesting requirement, diseases and insect pests resistance has by force weak (table 4).Comprehensive all kinds of character, 4 kinds (being) are all uncomfortable
Together in mulberry shoot harvesting.
Table 4. within continuous 5 years, cut cut down, the 4th and the 5th year Folium Mori average product
The identical expression of letter of same variety yield of the most same time upper right corner is not significantly different from.
Embodiment described above is the one preferably scheme of the present invention, not makees the present invention any pro forma
Limit, on the premise of without departing from the technical scheme described in claim, also have other variant and remodeling.
Claims (6)
1. the selection being suitable to mulberry shoot harvesting mulberry tree breed, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
One, female parent selection
Female parent selection has the kind matter of following two aspect characteristic simultaneously:
(1) have and be suitable to the outward appearance agronomic characteristics of mulberry shoot harvesting: mulberry spring force is strong, clockwork spring number is many, becomes the strain clockwork spring of mulberry in age
Number is more than 15/strain, and it is elongated and uniform, uprightly neat to have branch, and interstitial content is big, and leaf blade size is medium;
It is (2) resistance in trophophase that to cut the ability of cutting down strong;
Two, male parent selects
Male parent selects to have the kind matter of following two aspect characteristic simultaneously:
I, mulberry yield ability high, disease and insect resistance is strong;
II, mulberry winter bar accessory bud is flourishing, phase in spring germinating energy is strong;
Three, hybridization
By above-mentioned Juvenile stage method, configuring cross combination, carry out artificial sexual hybridization spring, the seed of results hybridization then is laggard
Row autumn sowing, it is thus achieved that cross hybrid seedling, Second Year field planting, select to meet step one has the outward appearance agronomic characteristics being suitable to mulberry shoot harvesting
Individual plant, individual plant enters Systematic selection and obtains the strain of stabilization characteristics of genetics as candidate's bar Sang Sangshu strain;
Four, selection-breeding
Candidate's bar Sang Sangshu strain obtains nursery stock by engrafting method, after plantation, selects to meet step one female parent selection two
The strain of aspect characteristic carries out individual plant and community biology and economical character investigation, and carries out regional at multiple points and produce examination
Test, mulberry shoot harvesting mulberry tree breed after authorization, must be suitable to.
A kind of selection being suitable to mulberry shoot harvesting mulberry tree breed the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: become Mulberry in age
Tree refers to the mulberry more than or equal to 4 years age of trees.
A kind of selection being suitable to mulberry shoot harvesting mulberry tree breed the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: raw
In long-term, the resistance to strong standards of measurement of the ability of cutting down of cutting are: cut continuously by continuous 5 years, annual 3 times and cut down the method for results and identify, mirror
Determine index be within 5 years, cut continuously cut down, the yield of the 4th and the 5th year mulberry sheet whole year leaf does not has statistics with tradition harvesting method ratio
Decline in meaning.
A kind of selection being suitable to mulberry shoot harvesting mulberry tree breed the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: symbol
Close the kind matter of step one female parent selection condition selected from one below: the leaf green grass or young crops Mulberry rapids, sharp of bud mutation new, Zhejiang 102, Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Viride "Hur" mulberry,
Four bluish complexions, the Mulberry rapids, blue or green of new, the many Mulberries of Dong Ling branch, Rhizoma Euonymus oil step on (Xinchang), "Hur" mulberry 77, semi-annular jade pendant Mulberry No. 3, Rhizoma Euonymus fire Mulberry, Mo Yemo
Bucket, true Mulberry in temperature age, leaf bud Mulberry, Shengxian County green grass or young crops, Rhizoma Euonymus Folium Nelumbinis.
A kind of selection being suitable to mulberry shoot harvesting mulberry tree breed the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: symbol
Close the kind matter of step 2 male parent alternative condition selected from one below: Nongsang No.8, farming and sericulture 12, farming and sericulture 14, farming and sericulture 10, new
Mulberry No. 1, educate 711, Haining Mulberry, new Mulberry No. 4, shengtong-1.
A kind of selection being suitable to mulberry shoot harvesting mulberry tree breed the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: step
Configuration female parent × the male parent of cross combination in rapid three is selected from one below: ink leaf ink fountain × farming and sericulture 14, rapids × new Mulberry 1 of bud mutation one
Number, Shengxian County green grass or young crops × educate 711, the rapids × shengtong-1 of bud mutation new, ink leaf ink fountain × new Mulberry No. 1, ink leaf ink fountain × farming and sericulture 12, newly
Rapids × Haining Mulberry of one, ink leaf ink fountain × new Mulberry No. 4.
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CN107135938A (en) * | 2017-04-16 | 2017-09-08 | 湖北省烟草科学研究院 | It is a kind of to improve the method for tobacco plant disease resistance, nitrogen use efficiency and nicotine content |
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CN107135938A (en) * | 2017-04-16 | 2017-09-08 | 湖北省烟草科学研究院 | It is a kind of to improve the method for tobacco plant disease resistance, nitrogen use efficiency and nicotine content |
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