CN1214904C - 轮胎模具及该模具快速减压的方法 - Google Patents

轮胎模具及该模具快速减压的方法 Download PDF

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CN1214904C
CN1214904C CN02118022.9A CN02118022A CN1214904C CN 1214904 C CN1214904 C CN 1214904C CN 02118022 A CN02118022 A CN 02118022A CN 1214904 C CN1214904 C CN 1214904C
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wheel rim
mould
tire
pressure
fragile member
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CN1381345A (zh
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C·J·切萨
J·-M·F·福廷
J·A·因卡沃
M·E·波特
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Goodyear Tire and Rubber Co
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29DPRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D30/00Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
    • B29D30/06Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
    • B29D30/0601Vulcanising tyres; Vulcanising presses for tyres
    • B29D30/0662Accessories, details or auxiliary operations
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/02Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C43/10Isostatic pressing, i.e. using non-rigid pressure-exerting members against rigid parts or dies
    • B29C43/102Isostatic pressing, i.e. using non-rigid pressure-exerting members against rigid parts or dies using rigid mould parts specially adapted for moulding articles having an axis of symmetry
    • B29C43/104Isostatic pressing, i.e. using non-rigid pressure-exerting members against rigid parts or dies using rigid mould parts specially adapted for moulding articles having an axis of symmetry the mould cavity lying totally outside the axis of symmetry, e.g. toroidal moulds
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29DPRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D30/00Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
    • B29D30/06Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
    • B29D30/0601Vulcanising tyres; Vulcanising presses for tyres
    • B29D30/0602Vulcanising tyres; Vulcanising presses for tyres the vulcanising medium being in direct contact with the tyre
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/32Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C43/58Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2043/5808Measuring, controlling or regulating pressure or compressing force
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/04Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould using liquids, gas or steam
    • B29C35/049Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould using liquids, gas or steam using steam or damp
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29LINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2030/00Pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Heating, Cooling, Or Curing Plastics Or The Like In General (AREA)

Abstract

用于固化新的或翻新的轮胎(20)的一种轮胎模具(2)具有上模板(4)、下模板(6)以及中央轮圈(30),中央轮圈(30)具有脆性部件(50),该脆性部件(50)设计成当观测到超过正常的固化压力Pc的预定压力P1时就被开通。该脆性部件(50)最好含有断裂盘(60),该断裂盘(60)一旦处于该压力P1下就碎裂。

Description

轮胎模具及该模具快速减压的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及轮胎模具,通常更具体地涉及用于越野轮胎的大型模具。本发明对通常用于翻新大型轮胎的那类模具特别有用。
背景技术
在用于掘土的、建筑的及某些情况下农业轮胎用途的大型轮胎的制造中,巨大的模具用来固化轮胎。
另外,最大的用途是使这些轮胎很好地适于被翻新。翻新工作涉及获取已磨损或用过的轮胎,打磨余下的胎面表面,以及施加新的胎面橡胶层,当它在翻新模具中固化时形成胎面花纹。这种翻新过程延长了轮胎的寿命并可使最终用户节约大量成本。
这种追加的胎面橡胶通常厚152.4毫米至304.8毫米(6英寸至12英寸)以上。为了固化这样厚的部分,固化周期费时6至几乎24小时。当经过这样长时期的固化时,橡胶产品必须在合理的低压下暴露于最低温度中,通常是在148.8℃(300°F)和1379KPa(200p.s.i.)、最好是约1241KPa(180p.s.i)条件下。
在罕见情况下当翻新已用过的轮胎时,挥发物从外胎的内部释出并与加热的空气混合。如果足够量的这种挥发物被排入加热的空气腔,可能发生会导致快速增压的引燃。由于模具的大尺寸,有时是直径3.048米(10英尺)及更大,这些快速增压可导致由翘曲及碎裂引起的破坏性挤压。在不发生泄漏的最严重情况下,则上模板可能移位或破裂。自然也由于这些模具的巨大尺寸,非常不希望出现重量超吨的移位部件。
减少这种情况的努力引导某些人考虑应用氮气代替空气对固化加压进行增压。氮气不会助燃。使用氮气的主要缺点是人处于高含量氮气中会导致恶心、头疼及窒息。人们考虑过希望含有腔内流体,但是经验表明:氮气与轮胎的正常释出挥发物及氧气的反复混合会导致所述系统需要不间断的监测及补满。
本发明致力于实现普通的空气固化而不需要例如氮气固化的这种极端措施。
本发明具有防止暴露于快速增压中的主要目标,其目的是早在它们能引起对模具的破坏之前就消除了这种状况。
发明内容
本文公开的是模具的快速减压方法,该模具用于固化翻新的或新的轮胎。该模具有上模板、下模板及用于把轮胎的胎缘密封起来的中央轮圈。该中央轮圈在径向内表面与大气压Po相通。该中央轮圈的径向外表面和上模板及下模板一起结合形成用于固化轮胎的环形压力腔。
该方法包括以下步骤,设置通过中央轮圈上的开口与环形压力腔连接并相通的脆性部件,和当该腔压力达到比轮胎外胎压力Pc大的预定压力P1时使该脆性部件与大气压力Po相通。
优选的是,该脆性部件的开通步骤包含该脆性部件的一部分在预定压力P1下断裂的步骤。最优选的是,一旦该脆性部件开通,该腔的排放流被引导成相对于该轮圈的附件成垂直。
上述方法已应用于固化翻新的或新的轮胎的改进的模具。该模具具有上模板、下模板及中央轮圈。
该中央轮圈具有径向内表面和径向外表面,该径向内表面与大气压相通,该径向外表面与上模板及下模板一起结合形成用于固化轮胎的环形压力腔。该改进的模具具有一脆性部件,该脆性部件装附于中央轮圈上的开口并连接在轮圈的径向内表面上。当腔压力达到大于轮胎固化压力Pc的预定压力P1时这个脆性部件与大气压力Po相通。优选的是该脆性部件具有在预定压力P1下可碎裂的断裂元件。最优选的是P1在1379KPa-1723KPa(200-250p.s.i).范围内。该脆性部件具有一偏流器,用于使排放流相对于排出轮圈的路径改变90°方向。理想的是排放流在中央轮圈内从中央引导。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明的模具的视图。
图2A及2B是根据本发明的模具的剖视图。
图3是根据本发明的轮圈的视图。
图4是轮圈的顶视图。
图5是中央轮圈的剖视图。
图6是脆性部件的放大剖视图。
图7是装附在轮圈的内表面上的脆性部件的局部视图。
具体实施方式
参考图1,它显示了一个大型掘土机的翻新轮胎的模具2。模具2具有上模板4及下模板6。显示了轮胎20被置入该上模板与该下模板之间。
如在图2A及2B中模具2的剖视图所示,上模板4及下模板6两者含有用于制造轮胎的胎面花纹的部段8、9。如图2B中所示,下部段9与上部段8联锁,并且当模具2在固化期间闭合时上及下模板4、6使部段8、9两者保持在约束位置上。
轮胎外胎22及未固化的胎面橡胶24与胎面形成部段8、9进入接触。轮圈30压靠在轮胎20的胎缘部分26上。
参考图3,所示的轮圈30是加利福尼亚州洛杉矶市的OhioMachine and Manufacturing公司出品的Compression CureSystem SuperRim。轮圈30具有可调节胎缘宽度的法兰32,当模具2需要时,法兰32能调节胎缘26至胎缘26的宽度。这种形式的轮圈30可用于无内胎的固化。尽管特殊形式的模具或轮圈与本发明无关,但构成轮胎的中央芯部是在中心与大气相通的轮圈或轮圈式结构这点是重要的,正如将在进一步阅读本说明时得到的理解。
一旦如图2B所示模具被闭合,就把热量及压力施加到轮胎20的内表面28上。压力Pc通常在1137.6KPa-1379KPa(165-200p.s.i)范围内并且在固化周期期间通常保持不变。固化周期为几小时至12小时以上或更长。
如前面已讨论的,在罕见的情况下轮胎20可释出挥发物蒸汽,这会导致引起快速增压的引燃。这会引起模具损坏和产品损失。
本发明利用了具有与大气压力相通的中央区域的轮圈30。如图4所示,孔或开口40设在位于法兰32与34之间的轮圈30的中央部分。该中央部分36直接敞开而与轮胎20中的增压加热的空气连通。脆性部件50焊在轮圈30的开口36处,如图7中所图示。
参考图7,它显示了脆性部件50。这个装置具有带螺纹的第一法兰管配装件51,第一法兰管配装件51装附在螺纹法兰52上,螺纹法兰52焊在轮圈30的内表面31上,而另一个第二带螺纹的法兰部分53用大的联接螺母54固定在第一部分51上。第二部分54具有端盖55,端盖55带有使气流排放相对于轮圈30上的开口转变90°的孔56。在两部分51、53内部是断裂盘60。断裂盘60是专门被设计成在预定压力P1下破裂的,该压力设置成大于固化压力Pc。断裂盘60一旦破裂,腔的固化压力Pc冲出轮胎20并且模具2被快速及安全地通风。
所示的脆性部件50是BS&B Union Type的安全头。配装件51、53、54是碳钢或316不锈钢制的。黄铜,蒙乃尔镍铝合金(nickel Monelaluminum)或其它种类金属都可以使用。断裂盘60可用金属或组合物制成,并且是用市场上可买到的各种材料制成,并且是为特殊用途而设计。
虽然考虑过可应用压力安全阀完成这种通风作用,但它有几个缺点,首先是这种阀的可靠性。正如本领域普通技术人员知道的,这种阀易于粘着和出现超时限故障。断裂盘60非常可靠,并且一旦它们失效就用新的一个代替,而不象一旦被启动就只能重调的阀。申请人还发现当阀暴露于橡胶颗粒物质中时会闭锁或堵塞。断裂盘60避免了这个问题。
本发明的关键特点在于脆性部件50必须与轮胎20的内表面相通。已知安全阀被应用于模具中,但在轮胎模具的情况下,任何作用于轮胎20的外表面上的卸压操作都容易引出故障,理由是轮胎自身就要对开口进行密封以防止发生减压。当仅有模具2和与大气压相通的中央芯部或轮圈30的结合被用在这种形式的模压中时,我们可以本文已描述的方式安全地及可靠地排出固化压力Pc

Claims (9)

1.一种使用于固化翻新的或新的轮胎的模具快速减压的方法,该模具具有上模板、下模板及中央轮圈,该中央轮圈用于在胎缘处密封轮胎;该中央轮圈在径向内表面与大气压力相通,径向外表面与上模板及下模板一起结合形成用于固化轮胎的环形压力腔;该方法的特征是以下步骤:
设置脆性部件,该脆性部件通过中央轮圈上的开口与环形压力腔附接并相通;并且当腔压力达到预定压力P1时使该脆性部件与大气压力P0相通,P1大于轮胎固化压力Pc
2.根据权利要求1所述的使用于固化翻新的或新的轮胎的模具快速减压的方法,其特征在于:使该脆性部件开通的步骤包括在预定压力P1下使该脆性部件的一部分断裂的步骤。
3.根据权利要求1所述的使用于固化翻新的或新的轮胎的模具快速减压的方法,其特征还在于:引导该腔的排放流相对于该轮圈的附件成垂直的步骤。
4.一种用于固化翻新的或新的轮胎的改进的模具,该模具具有
上模板;
下模板;
中央轮圈,该中央轮圈具有径向内表面及径向外表面,该径向内表面与大气压力相通,该径向外表面与该上模板及下模板一起结合形成用于固化轮胎的环形压力腔;该改进的模具的特征在于:脆性部件附接在中央轮圈中的开口上并连接在该轮圈的径向内表面上,当该腔压力达到预定压力P1时,该脆性部件与大气压力P0相通,P1大于该轮胎固化压力Pc
5.根据权利要求4所述的改进的模具,其特征在于:该脆性部件具有在预定压力P1下可破裂的断裂元件。
6.根据权利要求4所述的改进的模具,其特征在于:该模具用于大型的越野轮胎。
7.根据权利要求4所述的改进的模具,其特征在于:该脆性部件在范围为1379Kpa到1723KPa的预定压力下开通。
8.根据权利要求4所述的改进的模具,其特征在于:该脆性部件具有排放偏流器,该偏流器用于使该流相对于排出该轮圈的路径成90°改向。
9.根据权利要求4所述的改进的模具,其特征在于:所有的排放流首先在该中央轮圈内从中央引导。
CN02118022.9A 2001-04-19 2002-04-19 轮胎模具及该模具快速减压的方法 Expired - Fee Related CN1214904C (zh)

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US09/838,623 US6733702B2 (en) 2001-04-19 2001-04-19 Tire mold and a method of rapidly depressurizing the mold

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AU782536B2 (en) 2005-08-04
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DE60210859D1 (de) 2006-06-01
CA2377072A1 (en) 2002-10-19
US6733702B2 (en) 2004-05-11
JP2002370230A (ja) 2002-12-24
MXPA02003550A (es) 2002-11-07
US20020153629A1 (en) 2002-10-24
EP1252997A3 (en) 2004-05-12
EP1252997A2 (en) 2002-10-30
EP1252997B1 (en) 2006-04-26
CN1381345A (zh) 2002-11-27
BR0201227A (pt) 2002-12-31
US20040208945A1 (en) 2004-10-21

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