CN1212214C - Technique for electrolysis processing fine slits and its devices - Google Patents
Technique for electrolysis processing fine slits and its devices Download PDFInfo
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- CN1212214C CN1212214C CN 03113325 CN03113325A CN1212214C CN 1212214 C CN1212214 C CN 1212214C CN 03113325 CN03113325 CN 03113325 CN 03113325 A CN03113325 A CN 03113325A CN 1212214 C CN1212214 C CN 1212214C
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- metal silk
- fine metal
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910001111 Fine metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010892 electric spark Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009730 filament winding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960002668 sodium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a technique and a device thereof for the electrolytic machining of superfine slotted holes. The technique comprises: a superfine metal wire is wound on a specific frame to form a wirewound tool electrode, and a mixing high-speed liquid flushing mode along the radial direction and the axial direction of an electrode wire is adopted to guarantee the stability and the uniformity of a flow field. The device comprises a liquid storage tank (11), a pump (10), a filter (9), an overflow valve (8), a ball valve (7), a working chamber (6), a temperature controller (12), a heater (13), a control device (14), a power supply (15) and a driving device (16). The present invention is characterized in that the present invention also comprises a superfine slotted hole electrolytic machining process device which is composed of an electrode feed shaft (1), a wirewound tool electrode (4), a mounting seat (2) of the tool electrode, a workpiece mounting seat (5) and a regulating sleeve (3) of outlet pressure of a machining zone. When the present invention is used, penetrative or non-penetrative single or multiple slotted holes whose minimum width is 0.2mm can be machined, and the machining precision can reach +/-0.02mm.
Description
Technical field
Fine slot electrolytic processing process of the present invention and device belong to fine slot electrochemical machining method and device.
Background technology
Fine seam, groove (penetrate or do not penetrate) structure are present in the fields such as household electrical appliance, Aero-Space, instrument and meter and precision die, and how to occur with group's seam, groove structure.The machining accuracy of fine seam, groove, crudy, working (machining) efficiency have very big influence to performance, quality and the cost of product.
The processing method of fine seam, groove mainly contains fine electric spark processing, Laser Processing, metal cutting processing, Electrolyzed Processing etc.Adopt spark machined, working (machining) efficiency is very low, and tool-electrode manufacturing cost height and loss are serious, and machined surface quality is poor.The Laser Processing precision is low, and surface quality is poor.These two kinds of methods all exist recast layer and micro-crack phenomenon in addition, are not suitable in some applications.The efficient of machining is not high, easily produces distortion, is not suitable for the processing of narrow slit, groove.
Electrolyzed Processing is to utilize the principle of electrochemical metal dissolving to realize a kind of method of the machine-shaping of metal works.Compare with other method, Electrolyzed Processing has the following advantages: 1) instrument is lossless; 2) production efficiency height; 3) machined surface quality; 4) irrelevant with material hardness.
The basic craft course of Electrolyzed Processing is: adopt metal material as tool-electrode (negative electrode), the shape of general negative electrode is similar to workpiece (anode) area to be machined shape, when processing seam, groove, the machined electrode end is generally the muscle shape structure of projection, and muscle is thick to be substantially equal to the side clearance that groove width deducts twice.Adopt sodium nitrate or sodium-chloride water solution as electrolyte.In electrochemical machining process, electrode to the workpiece blank feeding, keeps the gap of 0.1-0.5mm with certain speed between instrument and the workpiece, and along muscle shape structure length direction flow at high speed, it is constant that electrolyte temperature keeps in the gap for electrolyte.After applying 10-25 volt DC voltage, the workpiece anodic solution forms and the corresponding shape of tool-electrode gradually, be worked into certain size after, outage, obtain by counter the copying of negative electrode with the concavo-convex opposite workpiece of cathode shape.
Said method the time exists difficulty at the narrow groove of processing, seam: 1) when groove width little to 0.4mm when following, electrode muscle shape projection is very thin, very difficult manufacturing the, very easily distortion; 2) adopt muscle shape structure, work in-process groove side anticaustic phenomenon is serious, produces tapering, and dimensional accuracy is difficult to guarantee; 3) electrolyte flow is washed away inadequately fully and thoroughly, elaboration products are got rid of untimely, and process stability is poor.
The present invention takes the wire wound tooling electrode and mixes at a high speed towards the measure of liquid, and electrode is easy to manufacture, and process is stable, and accessible crack is wide little, the machining accuracy height.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to deficiency, propose a kind of precision height, surface quality is good, productivity ratio is high, cost is low fine slot electrolytic processing process technology and device thereof at existing fine slot technology.This electrochemical Machining Technology is characterised in that: 1, adopt the fine metal silk to be wrapped in and form metal wire on the special framework around tool-electrode, owing to there is not the machining deformation problem of muscle shape electrode, therefore can take very thin fine metal filament winding system, thereby it is wide to dwindle the minimum process seam greatly; Because fine metal silk cross section be circular, be that the muscle shape electrode of rectangle is compared therefore with the cross section, can reduce the dispersion corrosion of groove side, the raising machining accuracy; Make easily, cost is low.2, take along the radial and axial mixing of fine metal silk (electrode tip) at a high speed towards liquid, make stronglyer, more even, help the timely eliminating of electrolysate, guaranteed the stability of processing washing away of surface, processing district.
The formation that realizes the device of this electrolytic processing process is, placed in the reservoir by the heater of temperature controller control, the control device that links to each other with power supply is connected in transmission device, the electrolyte circulation system that magnetic drive pump that links to each other with reservoir and filter, ball valve, overflow valve are formed is connected in working chamber, is characterized in a cover micro-electrochemical machining process device of being made up of processing district outlet pressure regulating sleeve, tool-electrode mount pad, wire wound tooling electrode and workpiece mount pad in the working chamber.This micro-electrochemical machining process apparatus features is that processing district outlet pressure regulating sleeve is fixed on the tool-electrode mount pad, place the wire wound tooling electrode in the tool-electrode mount pad to be connected in transmission device by the electrode feed shaft, the workpiece mount pad places wire wound tooling electrode lower end.Wherein the wire wound tooling electrode is to form by the fine metal silk being wrapped on the special framework of being made up of four part dowels in the circular passage between inner cylindrical tube, cylindrical column casing and two of monoblock type and utilizing hold-down screw that the fine metal silk is fixed.Frame ends is processed workpiece near the fine metal silk of workpiece one side.The reasonable assembling of wire wound tooling electrode, tool-electrode mount pad, workpiece mount pad and processing district outlet pressure regulating sleeve, in the time of can guaranteeing that the special framework of electrolyte by the wire wound tooling electrode enters between workpiece and the fine metal silk processing district, radial and axial both direction along the fine metal silk mixes at a high speed towards liquid, help in time washing away electrolysate, guarantee carrying out smoothly of processing.
The advantage of above-mentioned technology and device is in fine slot electrolysis, can significantly reduce the manufacture difficulty of electrode, the generation of dispersion corrosion when effectively reducing the processing slot, reduce the processing side clearance, improve side processing perpendicularity and machining accuracy, dwindle the slot width, improve processing stability.
Adopt above-mentioned electrolysis process method and device, can be low-cost, highly-efficient processing goes out single or group's seam, seam is wide can be as small as 0.2 millimeter for it, and machining accuracy can guarantee at ± 0.02mm.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is fine slot electrolytic machining device overall structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is a micro-electrochemical machining process apparatus structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is that the wire wound tooling electrode is formed schematic diagram (is example to process radial distributions group seam), and wherein figure (A) is for being wrapped with the electrode vertical view behind the fine metal silk, and figure (B) is the 3D solid schematic diagram that is wrapped with the wire wound tooling electrode behind the fine metal silk.
Fig. 4 processing district electrolyte inside flows to schematic diagram (is example to process radial distribution group seam).
Label title among Fig. 1: 1, electrode feed shaft, 2, the tool-electrode mount pad, 3, processing district outlet pressure regulating sleeve, 4, wire wound tooling electrode, 5, the workpiece mount pad, 6, working chamber, 7, ball valve, 8, overflow valve, 9, filter, 10, magnetic drive pump, 11, reservoir, 12, temperature controller, 13, heater, 14, control device, 15, power supply, 16, transmission device.
Label title among Fig. 2: label and title corresponding among label 1,2,3,4,5,6 and title thereof and Fig. 1 are consistent, and 17, the tool-electrode tightening nuts, 18, Pressure gauge, 19, adjustment screw, 20, workpiece, 21, the workpiece hold-down screw, 22, workpiece mount pad hold-down screw, 23, firm banking.
Label title among Fig. 3: 24, the special framework of tool-electrode, 25, the fine metal silk, 26, hold-down screw.
Wherein: 24, the wire wound tooling electrode 4 among 25,26 composition diagrams 1 and Fig. 2.
The specific embodiment
Implement the present invention---the device of " fine slot electrolytic processing process ", as shown in Figure 1, this device comprises electrolyte temperature controller 12, be subjected to the heater 13 of temperature controller 12 controls to place reservoir 11 electrolyte insides, the control device 14 that links to each other with power supply 15 is connected in transmission device 16, magnetic drive pump 10 that links to each other with reservoir 11 and filter 9, overflow valve 8, the electrolyte circulation system that ball valve 7 is formed is connected in working chamber 6, and being characterized in has processing district outlet pressure regulating sleeve 3 in the working chamber 6, tool-electrode mount pad 2, the cover micro-electrochemical machining process device that wire wound tooling electrode 4 and workpiece mount pad 5 are formed.The processing district outlet pressure regulating sleeve 3 of this micro-electrochemical machining process device is fixed on the tool-electrode mount pad 2, place the wire wound tooling electrode 4 in the tool-electrode mount pad 2 to be connected in transmission device 16 by electrode feed shaft 1, workpiece mount pad 5 places wire wound tooling electrode 4 lower ends.Form tool-electrode mount pad 2, processing district outlet pressure regulating sleeve 3, workpiece mount pad 5 and the appropriate design arrangement of wire wound tooling electrode 4 in working chamber 6 of micro-electrochemical machining machining tool fixture, formed stable flow field and pressure field.
Fig. 2 is a micro-electrochemical machining machining tool fixture structural representation.Wire wound tooling electrode 4 is fixed on the tool-electrode mount pad 2 by tool-electrode tightening nuts 17.Processing district outlet pressure regulating sleeve 3 is installed on the tool-electrode mount pad 2 by adjustment screw 19, Pressure gauge 18 is installed on the pressure regulating sleeve 3, force value according to Pressure gauge 18 demonstrations, determine the relative position of pressure regulating sleeve 3 and electrode mount pad, tighten adjustment screw 19 fixation pressure regulating sleeves 3.Workpiece 20 is installed on the workpiece mount pad 5 by workpiece hold-down screw 21, and workpiece mount pad 5 passes through workpiece mount pad hold-down screw 22 insulating mounting on firm banking 23.
Fig. 3 is that the wire wound tooling electrode is formed schematic diagram.The composition of wire wound tooling electrode is fine metal silk 25 to be wrapped on the special framework of being made up of four dowels in the circular passage between inner cylindrical tube, cylindrical column casing and two cylindrical drum 24 of monoblock type and by hold-down screw 26 be fixed.The characteristics of this special framework are that also the lateral wall upper edge circumference of the madial wall of inner cylindrical tube and cylindrical column casing has the corresponding guide groove of dividing equally respectively, and groove width is slightly larger than silk footpath, the location when being used to twine the fine metal silk.
Patent of the present invention " fine slot electrolytic processing process and device thereof " principle and process: adopt fine metal silk 25 is wrapped on the special framework 24 as wire wound tooling cathode electrode unit 4, shape after it twines is corresponding with the position with group's groove shape that position and expection shape, this cathode electrode unit is placed in the tool-electrode mount pad 2, and workpiece 20 is placed on the workpiece mount pad 5 and through screw 21 insulation and is fixed on the firm banking 23.Processing district outlet pressure regulating sleeve 3 is enclosed within tool-electrode mount pad 2 and workpiece mount pad 5 outsides.Adjust earlier before the processing that distance is suitable primary clearance between tool-electrode and workpiece, electrolyte is through the circulatory system 7～11 circulating filtrations, and heats and keep temperature constant by temperature control heater 12,13.Regulate the upper-lower position of pressure regulating sleeve 3, when Pressure gauge 18 shows that the processing district internal pressure is suitable, tighten screw 19 secured adjusted cover 3.During Electrolyzed Processing, power supply 15 is given tool-electrode and workpiece energising, negative electrode 4 with certain speed to the feeding of workpiece direction, electrolyte pours cathode electrode unit 4 at a high speed along the central through hole of tool-electrode mount pad 2, then as shown in Figure 4, electrolyte pours at a high speed respectively along the central passage and the circular passage of special framework 24, after running into workpiece, the liquid stream of central passage radially scatters along workpiece, converge with the liquid stream that pours the workspace along the circular passage, in the workspace, formed radial and axial mixing high speed liquid-charging type along the fine metal silk, this liquid-charging type can in time be got rid of electrolysate, make fine metal silk 25 and workpiece remain very little machining gap, stablize processing.When working depth reached given size, outage stopped processing, turns on hold-down screw 21, obtains required fine slot structure.Adopt above-mentioned process to make process stable, effectively reduce the width of processing slot, improve the perpendicularity of processing slot sidewall.
Need to prove, group's seam processing with radial distribution in this specification makes an explanation as an instantiation, in fact, group's seam at the different distributions characteristics, can design special special frame structure, make the wire wound tooling electrode tip corresponding with group's groove arranged distribution that expection shapes near the fine metal silk arranged distribution of workpiece one side, and guarantee that radial and axial mixings along the fine metal silk at a high speed towards liquid, makes this process and device be suitable for stable accurate processing of group's seam of various different distributions.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of fine slot electrolytic processing process:
(1) adopt the fine metal silk to be wrapped on the special framework and the wire wound tooling electrode that forms, its effect is that group groove arranged distribution that formed fine metal silk arranged distribution and expection are shaped is corresponding;
It is characterized in that,
(2) at the fine metal silk radial and axial mixing high speed liquid-charging type of electrolyte inside formation in workspace along the tool-electrode end, in time get rid of electrolysate, make fine metal silk and workpiece remain very little machining gap, stablize processing, when working depth reaches given size, outage stops processing, thereby obtains processing fine groove with the fine metal silk as negative electrode on workpiece.
2, a kind of fine slot electrolytic machining device comprises that temperature controller (12) is connected in the heater (13) that places reservoir (11) electrolyte inside, the control device (14) that links to each other with power supply (15) links to each other with transmission device (16), magnetic drive pump (10) that links to each other with reservoir (11) and filter (9), overflow valve (8), the electrolyte circulation system that ball valve (7) is formed is connected in working chamber (6), it is characterized in that, processing district outlet pressure regulating sleeve (3) is arranged in the described working chamber (6), tool-electrode mount pad (2), the cover micro-electrochemical machining process device that wire wound tooling electrode (4) and workpiece mount pad (5) are formed, the processing district outlet pressure regulating sleeve (3) of this micro-electrochemical machining process device is fixed on the tool-electrode mount pad (2), place the wire wound tooling electrode (4) in the tool-electrode mount pad (2) to be connected in transmission device (16) by electrode feed shaft (1), workpiece mount pad (5) places wire wound tooling electrode (4) lower end; Described wire wound tooling electrode (4) is that fine metal silk (25) is wrapped on the special framework of being made up of the dowel in the circular passage between inner cylindrical tube, cylindrical column casing and two cylindrical drum of a monoblock type, and it is fixing by hold-down screw (26), be that fine metal silk (25) is wrapped in the guide groove on the lateral wall of the madial wall of inner cylindrical tube and cylindrical column casing, the passage of electrolyte by the inside and outside cylindrical drum of special tank bracket forms in the workspace along the line around radial and axial the mixings high speed of the fine metal silk of tool-electrode end towards liquid.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03113325 CN1212214C (en) | 2003-04-29 | 2003-04-29 | Technique for electrolysis processing fine slits and its devices |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 03113325 CN1212214C (en) | 2003-04-29 | 2003-04-29 | Technique for electrolysis processing fine slits and its devices |
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| CN1445040A CN1445040A (en) | 2003-10-01 |
| CN1212214C true CN1212214C (en) | 2005-07-27 |
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| CN 03113325 Expired - Fee Related CN1212214C (en) | 2003-04-29 | 2003-04-29 | Technique for electrolysis processing fine slits and its devices |
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