CN112935434A - Electrolytic machining device and method for fuel cell bipolar plate - Google Patents

Electrolytic machining device and method for fuel cell bipolar plate Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112935434A
CN112935434A CN202110263576.7A CN202110263576A CN112935434A CN 112935434 A CN112935434 A CN 112935434A CN 202110263576 A CN202110263576 A CN 202110263576A CN 112935434 A CN112935434 A CN 112935434A
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China
Prior art keywords
groove
fuel cell
bipolar plate
snakelike
array
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CN202110263576.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘嘉
刘言
朱荻
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Publication of CN112935434A publication Critical patent/CN112935434A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23HWORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
    • B23H3/00Electrochemical machining, i.e. removing metal by passing current between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of an electrolyte
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23HWORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
    • B23H3/00Electrochemical machining, i.e. removing metal by passing current between an electrode and a workpiece in the presence of an electrolyte
    • B23H3/10Supply or regeneration of working media

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an electrolytic machining device and a machining method of a fuel cell bipolar plate, and relates to the field of electrolytic machining, wherein the device comprises a tool base, an interval liquid inlet guide block and a snake-shaped runner cathode which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom; the processing object is a fuel cell bipolar plate workpiece, and the workpiece is processed to have a snake-shaped array group groove structure; the snakelike flow channel cathode is provided with snakelike array cathode blades corresponding to the snakelike array group groove structure, and a snakelike array through groove penetrates through the snakelike array cathode blades; the snakelike array through groove is divided into a first through groove with a liquid outlet and a second through groove without the liquid outlet according to the flowing direction of the electrolyte, and the second through grooves are distributed at intervals in sequence; the liquid outlet of instrument base all through connection with the logical groove of interval feed liquor water conservancy diversion piece and snakelike runner negative pole, and the inlet that the second led to the groove just to the intercommunication with the inlet of interval feed liquor water conservancy diversion piece. The invention can improve the processing effect.

Description

Electrolytic machining device and method for fuel cell bipolar plate
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electrolytic machining, in particular to an electrolytic machining device and a machining method of a fuel cell bipolar plate.
Background
In order to alleviate environmental and energy problems, many countries today are actively researching and developing new alternative energy sources. The inherent limitation of the traditional energy provides a chance for the development of new energy sources such as solar energy, biomass energy, wind energy, hydrogen energy and the like. The fuel cell is one of new energy sources which are rapidly developed, has a very wide application prospect, and has the advantages of cleanness, high efficiency, reliability and the like. Among them, the difficulty in selecting materials and manufacturing structures of the bipolar plate of the fuel cell is one of the important bottlenecks that have been limiting the wide application.
The fuel cell bipolar plate with the serpentine array group groove structure is composed of a plurality of serpentine flow channel units arranged side by side. Compared with the traditional straight-through flow channel, the snake-shaped flow channel can not cause the uneven fuel concentration distribution due to the different distances between different reaction flow channels and the fuel inlet end; the snake-shaped flow channel can rapidly discharge water generated by the fuel cell, and the situation that the straight-through flow channel is easy to cause water blockage is not easy to occur; the same active area adopts multiple channels, which is beneficial to reducing the turn of the flow channel and effectively reducing the pressure loss, the parallel connection of the channels is beneficial to the uniform distribution of reaction gas and cooling water in the channels, the uniform distribution of current density and battery temperature can be realized, and simultaneously, the blockage of a single flow channel does not hinder other flow channels to play a role. Therefore, the search for the fuel cell bipolar plate with the serpentine array group groove structure which can be manufactured with high efficiency and high precision is very important for the application and popularization of the fuel cell. For the snake-shaped array group groove structure of the fuel cell, common processing methods include milling, chemical etching, electric spark discharging and the like. The electrochemical machining is a special machining method for removing materials by utilizing the anode metal dissolution principle in electrochemical reaction, has the advantages of high machining efficiency, good surface quality, no tool loss, low machining cost and the like, can machine a complex snake-shaped array group groove structure through simple one-way movement, is an efficient and low-cost manufacturing technology of the snake-shaped array group groove structure of the bipolar plate of the fuel cell, and has wide application prospect.
During the electrolytic machining process, high-speed flowing electrolyte needs to be provided between the cathode of the tool and the anode of the workpiece, and electrolytic machining products are carried away in time, so that the continuous proceeding of anode dissolution is ensured. Copy type electrolytic machining usually adopts the side flow type flow field mode, can satisfy the processing demand of most parts. However, for the snake-shaped array group groove structure, in the processing process, the extending directions of the surface group grooves are different, so that the electrolyte flow in the groove vertical to the flow direction is greatly blocked; in addition, because the processing area of the groove plate is large, the flow of the lateral flow field electrolyte is too long, the flow velocity of the electrolyte in a processing area is finally uneven, products are not removed in time, and the like, so that the dimensional precision and the surface quality of the groove plate are greatly influenced, for example, a lateral flow copying electrolytic processing method is provided in the thesis of 'bipolar plate group groove electrolytic processing of tool vibration feeding' to manufacture the straight groove bipolar plate of the fuel cell, and the problems of serious flow marks on the processing surface caused by uneven flow field and the like exist when a snake-shaped array group groove structure is processed; the publication "electrochemical direct writing processing of micro-channel array" by seiling et al provides a method of jet electrolytic processing to manufacture a straight-groove bipolar plate of a fuel cell, and when a serpentine array group groove structure is processed, the problem that the motion track is complex or even cannot be processed and formed at one time exists. Therefore, the electrolytic machining device adopting the novel liquid passing mode enables the flow velocity of the machining area to be uniform and improves the product removal efficiency, and has important significance for improving the machining quality of the electrolytic machining snake-shaped array group groove structure.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an electrolytic machining device and a machining method of a fuel cell bipolar plate, so as to improve the machining effect.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
an electrolytic processing device of a fuel cell bipolar plate comprises a tool base, an interval liquid inlet diversion block and a snake-shaped flow channel cathode which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom; the electrolytic machining device is characterized in that a machining object of the electrolytic machining device is a fuel cell bipolar plate workpiece, and the fuel cell bipolar plate workpiece is machined to have a snake-shaped array group groove structure;
the snakelike flow channel cathode is provided with snakelike array cathode blades corresponding to the snakelike array group groove structure, and a snakelike array through groove penetrates through the snakelike array cathode blades; the snakelike array through groove is divided into a first through groove with a liquid outlet and a second through groove without a liquid outlet according to the flowing direction of electrolyte, and the first through groove and the second through groove are distributed at intervals in sequence;
the inner chamber of instrument base, with interval feed liquor water conservancy diversion piece with the groove all through connection is led to the part of snakelike runner negative pole, just the second lead to the groove with the inlet of interval feed liquor water conservancy diversion piece is just to the intercommunication.
Optionally, the device further comprises a flow stabilizing cavity; the flow stabilizing cavity is sleeved on the outer sides of the interval liquid inlet guide block and the snake-shaped flow channel cathode.
Optionally, the liquid outlet of the first through groove is in direct communication with the drainage groove of the flow stabilizing cavity.
Optionally, the steady flow chamber pass through spring structure with the tool base links to each other, in order to realize the steady flow chamber cover is in interval feed liquor water conservancy diversion piece with the function in snakelike runner negative pole outside, and during processing, under the effect of spring structure, the steady flow chamber with the laminating of fuel cell bipolar plate work piece.
Optionally, when the number of the serpentine grooves of the serpentine array through groove is an even number, the first through grooves and the second through grooves are arranged in an alternating arrangement; when the number of the snake-shaped grooves of the snake-shaped array through groove is odd, the snake-shaped array through groove is provided with a plurality of through groove groups, and one or two second through grooves are arranged between the adjacent first through grooves; the through groove group comprises two second through grooves which are arranged in series.
Optionally, the interval liquid inlet flow guide block comprises one or more snake-shaped grooves, and the snake-shaped grooves of the interval liquid inlet flow guide block correspond to the second through grooves in the snake-shaped array through groove.
Optionally, the tool base, the spaced liquid inlet diversion block, and the serpentine flow channel cathode are all made of metal conductive materials.
Optionally, the flow-stabilizing cavity is a frame-shaped structure made of a non-metal material.
A processing method of an electrolytic processing device applied to a fuel cell bipolar plate comprises the following steps:
connecting an electrolytic processing device with the negative electrode of a processing power supply, and connecting a fuel cell bipolar plate workpiece with the positive electrode of the processing power supply;
control electrolyte flows in from the inlet of instrument base, flows into the processing district behind interval feed liquor water conservancy diversion piece and the second logical groove, flows through behind snakelike array cathode blade electrolyte is to both sides upset, so that electrolyte along the width direction of snakelike array cathode blade flows into adjacent first logical groove, and finally electrolyte is followed the discharge launder of steady flow chamber is flowed through to the liquid outlet of first logical groove.
Optionally, the method further includes:
during processing, the flow stabilizing cavity is controlled to be attached to the fuel cell bipolar plate workpiece;
and after the machining is finished, controlling the electrolytic machining device to be lifted integrally so as to replace the bipolar plate workpiece of the fuel cell.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
the invention provides an electrolytic processing device of a fuel cell bipolar plate snake-shaped array group groove structure, which carries out electrolytic processing by adopting a circulation mode that electrolyte is positively turned over, solves the problems that when the traditional electrolyte lateral flow type flow field is adopted to process the fuel cell bipolar plate snake-shaped array group groove structure, the flow velocity of the electrolyte in a processing area is not uniform, the discharge of the electrolytic product in the processing area is easy to cause untimely, the processing size precision is poor, the surface flow pattern is serious, even short circuit occurs and the like, and improves the processing effect.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electrochemical machining apparatus of a serpentine array cluster groove structure for a fuel cell bipolar plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of an electrochemical machining apparatus of a serpentine array cluster groove structure for a fuel cell bipolar plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a serpentine flow-channel cathode of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of a serpentine flow-channel cathode of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a serpentine flow channel cathode having different numbers of serpentine grooves according to the present invention; fig. 5(a) is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a serpentine flow channel cathode when the number of serpentine grooves is even, fig. 5(b) is a sectional view of the serpentine flow channel cathode when the number of serpentine grooves is even, fig. 5(c) is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the serpentine flow channel cathode when the number of serpentine grooves is odd, and fig. 5(d) is a sectional view of the serpentine flow channel cathode when the number of serpentine grooves is odd;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart showing a method of processing an electrochemical machining apparatus for a fuel cell bipolar plate according to the present invention.
Description of the symbols: the liquid inlet guide device comprises a tool base 1, an interval liquid inlet guide block 2, a snake-shaped flow channel cathode 3, a steady flow cavity 4, a first through groove 31 and a second through groove 32.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide an electrolytic machining device of a fuel cell bipolar plate snake-shaped array group groove structure, so as to improve the machining effect.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the present embodiment provides an electrochemical machining apparatus for a fuel cell bipolar plate, which includes a tool base 1, a spacing liquid inlet guide block 2, a serpentine flow channel cathode 3, and a current stabilizing cavity 4; the electrolytic machining device is used for machining a fuel cell bipolar plate workpiece, and the machined fuel cell bipolar plate workpiece has a snake-shaped array group groove structure, namely the machined fuel cell bipolar plate consists of a plurality of mutually parallel snake-shaped grooves.
Wherein, instrument base 1, interval feed liquor water conservancy diversion piece 2 and snakelike runner negative pole 3 from top to bottom stack gradually the installation, and stationary flow chamber 4 cover is in the outside of interval feed liquor water conservancy diversion piece 2 and snakelike runner negative pole 3.
The tool base 1 is provided with a liquid inlet, and the inner cavity of the tool base 1 is communicated with the liquid inlet guide block 2 and the partial through groove inside the snake-shaped flow channel cathode 3. The flow stabilizing cavity 4 is provided with a drainage groove.
As shown in fig. 3-4, the cathode with serpentine flow channels has serpentine array cathode blades corresponding to the serpentine array group-groove structure, and serpentine array through-grooves are formed between the serpentine array cathode blades; the snakelike array through groove comprises many snakelike grooves that are parallel to each other, and the snakelike array leads to the groove in part and is provided with the liquid outlet, and some leads to the groove and does not have the liquid outlet, and snakelike array leads to the groove and divide into the first logical groove 31 (or be called first snakelike groove) that has the liquid outlet and the second logical groove 32 (or be called the second snakelike groove) that has no liquid outlet according to electrolyte flow direction promptly, and first logical groove 31 and the second logical groove 32 interval order of distribution.
The second through groove 32 is just opposite to and communicated with the liquid inlet of the interval liquid inlet guide block 2, and the liquid outlet of the first through groove 31 is just opposite to and communicated with the drainage groove of the steady flow cavity 4.
As a preferred embodiment, the current embodiment provides that the current-stabilizing cavity 4 is connected to the tool base 1 through a spring structure, so as to achieve the function that the current-stabilizing cavity 4 is sleeved outside the spaced liquid inlet guide block 2 and the serpentine flow channel cathode 3. And during processing, the flow stabilizing cavity 4 is always attached to the bipolar plate workpiece of the fuel cell under the action of the spring structure.
As a preferred embodiment, the present embodiment provides a serpentine array channel comprising a plurality of serpentine grooves. FIG. 5 shows the different number of the snake-shaped grooves of the electrochemical machining apparatus and the arrangement of the liquid inlet and outlet. When the number of the snake-shaped grooves of the snake-shaped array through groove is even, the first through groove 31 and the second through groove 32 are arranged in an alternating arrangement mode, and the arrangement mode of the liquid inlet and outlet of the snake-shaped flow passage cathode 3 is shown in fig. 5(a) and fig. 5 (b); when the number of the snake-shaped grooves of the snake-shaped array through groove is odd, two continuous liquid inlets are arranged in the snake-shaped flow channel cathode 3, namely, the snake-shaped array through groove is provided with a plurality of through groove groups, one or two second through grooves 32 are arranged between adjacent first through grooves 31, and the liquid inlets and liquid outlets of the snake-shaped flow channel cathode 3 are arranged in the mode shown in fig. 5(c) and fig. 5 (d); wherein the through-slot group comprises two second through-slots 32 arranged in series.
As a preferred embodiment, the spacing liquid inlet guide block 2 provided in this embodiment includes one or more serpentine grooves, and the serpentine grooves of the spacing liquid inlet guide block 2 are disposed corresponding to the second through grooves 32 in the serpentine array through groove.
As a preferred embodiment, the tool base 1, the spaced liquid inlet guide block 2, and the serpentine flow channel cathode 3 provided in this embodiment are made of a metal conductive material, and the current stabilizing cavity 4 is a frame-shaped structure made of a non-metal material.
The embodiment also provides a processing method of an electrochemical processing device applied to a fuel cell bipolar plate, as shown in fig. 6, including:
step 101: before processing, the flow stabilizing cavity is attached to a bipolar plate workpiece of the fuel cell.
Step 102: during processing, the electrolytic processing device is connected with the negative electrode of the processing power supply, and the fuel cell bipolar plate workpiece is connected with the positive electrode of the processing power supply.
Step 103: control electrolyte flows in from the inlet of instrument base, flows into the processing district behind interval feed liquor water conservancy diversion piece and the second logical groove, flows through electrolyte after snakelike array cathode blade to both sides upset to make electrolyte flow in adjacent first logical groove along the width direction of snakelike array cathode blade, last electrolyte flows through the discharge launder in steady flow chamber from the liquid outlet of first logical groove and flows out. During processing, the flow stabilizing cavity is always attached to the bipolar plate workpiece of the fuel cell. At the moment, the electrolyte flows along the short flow direction of the width of the snake-shaped array cathode blade, so that the stability of the electrolyte flow field can be obviously improved.
Step 104: and after the machining is finished, controlling the electrolytic machining device to wholly lift so as to replace the bipolar plate workpiece of the fuel cell, and controlling the electrolytic machining device to descend for continuous machining after replacing the bipolar plate workpiece of the fuel cell.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1) the invention adopts a liquid-turning type electrolyte flowing mode to process a fuel cell bipolar plate workpiece with a snakelike array group groove structure; aiming at the roundabout and tortuous structure of the snakelike array group groove, the cross section of a flow channel on a flow path is changed slowly compared with a lateral flow type flow channel, and the distribution uniformity of electrolyte is improved; the electrolyte flows along the width direction of the processed tank, so that compared with the traditional flow field, the flow of the electrolyte in the processing area is greatly shortened, and an electrolysis product can be taken away from the processing area as soon as possible; in addition, the invention also directly solves the problems of long flow path, difficult electrolyte flowing in the groove perpendicular to the flow field direction and the like in the traditional lateral flow type flow field, and is beneficial to improving the size precision and the surface quality of electrolytic machining of the group of grooves.
2) The invention adopts the positive flow type electrolyte flowing mode to process the fuel cell bipolar plate workpiece with the snakelike array group groove structure, has simple structure and is suitable for processing various workpieces with the snakelike array group groove structure.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Claims (10)

1. An electrolytic processing device of a fuel cell bipolar plate is characterized by comprising a tool base, an interval liquid inlet guide block and a snake-shaped flow channel cathode which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom; the electrolytic machining device is characterized in that a machining object of the electrolytic machining device is a fuel cell bipolar plate workpiece, and the fuel cell bipolar plate workpiece is machined to have a snake-shaped array group groove structure;
the snakelike flow channel cathode is provided with snakelike array cathode blades corresponding to the snakelike array group groove structure, and a snakelike array through groove penetrates through the snakelike array cathode blades; the snakelike array through groove is divided into a first through groove with a liquid outlet and a second through groove without a liquid outlet according to the flowing direction of electrolyte, and the first through groove and the second through groove are distributed at intervals in sequence;
the inner chamber of instrument base, with interval feed liquor water conservancy diversion piece with the groove all through connection is led to the part of snakelike runner negative pole, just the second lead to the groove with the inlet of interval feed liquor water conservancy diversion piece is just to the intercommunication.
2. The electrolytic processing apparatus for a fuel cell bipolar plate according to claim 1, further comprising a surge chamber; the flow stabilizing cavity is sleeved on the outer sides of the interval liquid inlet guide block and the snake-shaped flow channel cathode.
3. The electrolytic processing apparatus for a fuel cell bipolar plate according to claim 2, wherein the liquid outlet of said first through groove is in direct communication with the drain groove of said surge chamber.
4. The electrolytic machining device of the fuel cell bipolar plate as claimed in claim 2, wherein the flow stabilizing cavity is connected with the tool base through a spring structure so as to achieve the function that the flow stabilizing cavity is sleeved outside the spacing liquid inlet guide block and the serpentine flow channel cathode, and during machining, under the action of the spring structure, the flow stabilizing cavity is attached to the fuel cell bipolar plate workpiece.
5. The electrolytic processing apparatus for a fuel cell bipolar plate according to claim 1, wherein when the number of the serpentine grooves of said serpentine array of through grooves is an even number, said first through grooves and said second through grooves are arranged in an alternating arrangement; when the number of the snake-shaped grooves of the snake-shaped array through groove is odd, the snake-shaped array through groove is provided with a plurality of through groove groups, and one or two second through grooves are arranged between the adjacent first through grooves; the through groove group comprises two second through grooves which are arranged in series.
6. The electrolytic processing apparatus for a fuel cell bipolar plate according to claim 1 or 5, wherein said spacer inlet block comprises one or more serpentine grooves, and said serpentine grooves of said spacer inlet block are disposed in correspondence with said second through-grooves of said serpentine array of through-grooves.
7. The electrochemical machining apparatus for a fuel cell bipolar plate of claim 1, wherein the tool base, the spacing liquid guiding block and the serpentine flow channel cathode are made of metal conductive material.
8. The electrolytic processing apparatus for a fuel cell bipolar plate according to claim 2, wherein said surge chamber is a frame-shaped structure made of a non-metallic material.
9. A method of processing an electrolytic processing device applied to a fuel cell bipolar plate according to claim 3, comprising:
connecting an electrolytic processing device with the negative electrode of a processing power supply, and connecting a fuel cell bipolar plate workpiece with the positive electrode of the processing power supply;
control electrolyte flows in from the inlet of instrument base, flows into the processing district behind interval feed liquor water conservancy diversion piece and the second logical groove, flows through behind snakelike array cathode blade electrolyte is to both sides upset, so that electrolyte along the width direction of snakelike array cathode blade flows into adjacent first logical groove, and finally electrolyte is followed the discharge launder of steady flow chamber is flowed through to the liquid outlet of first logical groove.
10. The method of manufacturing a fuel cell bipolar plate according to claim 9, further comprising:
during processing, the flow stabilizing cavity is controlled to be attached to the fuel cell bipolar plate workpiece;
and after the machining is finished, controlling the electrolytic machining device to be lifted integrally so as to replace the bipolar plate workpiece of the fuel cell.
CN202110263576.7A 2021-03-11 2021-03-11 Electrolytic machining device and method for fuel cell bipolar plate Pending CN112935434A (en)

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Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114959806A (en) * 2022-06-02 2022-08-30 江苏理工学院 Array through hole electroforming processing device and two-dimensional material modification method

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114959806A (en) * 2022-06-02 2022-08-30 江苏理工学院 Array through hole electroforming processing device and two-dimensional material modification method
CN114959806B (en) * 2022-06-02 2024-05-07 江苏理工学院 Array through hole electroforming device and two-dimensional material modification method

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