CN1202918A - 挤压成形塑料 - Google Patents

挤压成形塑料 Download PDF

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CN1202918A
CN1202918A CN96198639A CN96198639A CN1202918A CN 1202918 A CN1202918 A CN 1202918A CN 96198639 A CN96198639 A CN 96198639A CN 96198639 A CN96198639 A CN 96198639A CN 1202918 A CN1202918 A CN 1202918A
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thermoplastic polyurethanes
isoplast
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盖伊·本齐夫
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PALTOUGH Ltd
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
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    • B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
    • B29C48/08—Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/16—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers
    • B29C48/18—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
    • B29C48/21—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers the layers being joined at their surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/305—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets
    • B29C48/307—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets specially adapted for bringing together components, e.g. melts within the die
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B32B27/365—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters comprising polycarbonates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/40—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyurethanes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L69/00—Compositions of polycarbonates; Compositions of derivatives of polycarbonates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2069/00—Use of PC, i.e. polycarbonates or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2075/00—Use of PU, i.e. polyureas or polyurethanes or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2369/00—Polycarbonates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2375/00—Polyureas; Polyurethanes

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  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
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Abstract

一种由硬热塑性聚氨基甲酸酯形成的挤压成形塑料产品。

Description

挤压成形塑料
本发明涉及塑料材料的挤压，更具体地说，涉及透明塑料材料的挤压。
众所周知，有各种类型的挤压成形的塑料材料。挤压成形的聚碳酸酯已被广泛的应用。本申请人/受让人制造和销售了各种类型的注册商标为PALTOUGH的挤压成形聚碳酸酯片材。
当与例如在欧洲专利0247,480中描述的紫外线(UV)保护装置结合后，聚碳酸酯表现出良好的抗紫外线性能。
但聚碳酸酯在抵抗化学试剂包括那些在大气中的化学物质的侵蚀方面，却非常有限。
本发明目的在于提供一种改进的挤压成形塑料产品，这种产品具有高的抗化学试剂性能。
因此，根据本发明的优选实施例，提供了一种由硬热塑性聚氨基甲酸酯形成的挤压成形塑料产品，该硬热塑性聚氨基甲酸酯最好为ISOPLAST牌的热塑性工程树脂。
根据本发明的优选实施例，还提供了一种由聚碳酸酯和硬热塑性聚氨基甲酸酯共挤压形成的挤压成形塑料产品，该硬热塑性聚氨基甲酸酯最好为ISOPLAST牌的热塑性工程树脂。
此外，根据本发明的优选实施例，还提供了一种由热塑性聚氨基甲酸酯形成的挤压成形塑料片材，该热塑性聚氨基甲酸酯最好为ISOPLAST牌的热塑性工程树脂。
根据本发明的优选实施例，还提供了一种由聚碳酸酯和热塑性聚氨基甲酸酯共挤压形成的挤压成形塑料片材，该热塑性聚氨基甲酸酯最好为ISOPLAST牌的热塑性工程树脂。
另外，根据本发明的优选实施例，提供了一种制造塑料产品的方法，该方法包括挤压硬热塑性聚氨基甲酸酯，其最好为ISOPLAST牌的热塑性工程树脂。
而且，根据本发明的优选实施例，还提供了一种制造塑料产品的方法，该方法包括共挤压聚碳酸酯和硬热塑性聚氨基甲酸酯，该硬热塑性聚氨基甲酸酯最好为ISOPLAST牌的热塑性工程树脂。
根据本发明的优选实施例，还提供了一种制造塑料片材的方法，该方法包括挤压硬热塑性聚氨基甲酸酯，其最好为ISOPLAST牌的热塑性工程树脂。
根据本发明的优选实施例，还提供了一种制造塑料片材的方法，该方法包括共挤压聚碳酸酯和硬热塑性聚氨基甲酸酯，该硬热塑性聚氨基甲酸酯最好为ISOPLAST牌的热塑性工程树脂。
在共挤压产品中，热塑性聚氨基甲酸酯的厚度最好等于小于50微米。
另外，根据本发明的优选实施例，挤压成形的产品还包括紫外线防护剂。
本发明将在以下结合附图的详细描述中变得更加清楚明了，其中：
图1为根据本发明优选实施例的塑料片材进行共挤压成型的简化视图；
图2为根据本发明优选实施例构作和形成的塑料片材的剖视图；
图3为根据本发明优选实施例构作和形成的挤压成形油罐箱衬的简化视图；
图4为根据本发明优选实施例构作和形成的广告牌的简化视图；
图5为硬热塑性聚氨基甲酸酯与不同的紫外线保护装置一起在不同浓度、不同紫外线等级下颜色参数的测试结果表；以及
图6和7为图5中一些测试结果的图形表述。
现参照图1，其为根据本发明优选实施例的塑料片材的共挤压成型的简化视图。这种共挤压成型，可使用任何适当的共挤压装置来进行，该装置最好包括一个主挤压器10，用于挤压第一聚合材料14的大块片材12，该聚合材料最好为聚碳酸酯，其厚度可从0.1至15mm以上。
进给区段16最好可使大块片材12与至少包括另外一种聚合材料18的共挤压层结合起来。根据本发明的优选实施例，这另外的一种聚合材料为硬热塑性聚氨基甲酸酯，最好为ISOPLAST牌的热塑性工程树脂。共挤压器20最好用来挤压聚合材料18。
一扁平的片状模具22最好设置成用来挤压一经过共挤压的聚合材料14和18的扁平片材24，直到达到所要求的厚度和宽度。作为一种替换方案，一种多层模具(未示出)可代替共挤压器20和扁平片状模具22而用来结合两层或更多层的聚合物层。
一个压光装置26最好用来抛光片材24。应该知道，其它常规的用来生产扁平塑料片材的设备可以添加到压光装置26的下游。作为一种替换方案，检验或波纹装置(未示出)可被用来替换压光装置26而与适当的下游设备一起使用。
最好，控制装置30用来控制共挤压工序的各种操作。由于ISOPLAST和聚碳酸酯或者其它配对的聚合材料的流变性通常不同，因此，它们之间的共挤压就要求控制诸如器具温度、熔化温度和压力、进给区段的流动设计、启动和停止条件、以及预干燥条件等因素。控制装置30最好包括适当的传感器，用来检测和控制上述的因素。
现在，参照图2，其示出了根据本发明优选实施例构作和形成的塑料片材32的剖视图。从片材32可看出，其具有一相对较厚的部分34，其最好为聚碳酸酯或其它聚合体，而相对较薄的部分36由硬热塑性聚氨基甲酸酯形成，其最好为ISPOLAST牌的热塑性工程树脂。较薄部分36的厚度最好等于小于50微米。
根据本发明的另一实施例，最好为ISPOLAST牌的热塑性工程树脂的硬热塑性聚氨基甲酸酯可独自挤压形成片材或其它产品。
另外，根据本发明的优选实施例，一种紫外线保护剂，例如苯并三唑，可以适当的成分比例加到挤压成形或共挤压成形的塑料中去，其比例通常为约10％。
申请人在本发明的范围内进行了一些挤压测试。这些测试中的一些包括：
1.单一挤压ISOPLAST牌热塑性工程树脂。
2.共挤压在聚碳酸酯一侧厚度为10-100微米的ISOPLAST牌热塑性工程树脂，以找出具有良好的光学和机械特性的良好化学保护所需的厚度。
3.详细的抗化学试剂测试，该测试可以得出一般情况下，与根据本发明优选实施例的和ISOPLAST共挤压成型的聚碳酸酯，相容和不相容的材料。
4.根据本发明优选实施例的共挤压成形的片材的详细的机械、热、光、以及热成形能力测试。
5.在聚碳酸酯双侧设置ISOPLAST牌热塑性工程树脂进行共挤压。
6.共挤压层中的紫外线吸收器的紫外线保护测试。可以观测到在紫外线辐射的黄色级上有了显著的提高。这些测试的结果被显示在图5的表和图6和7的图形中。
根据ASTM(美国测试材料协会)D1925并配合符合ASTM G53的面板机，所进行的黄色测试选用三种不同的紫外线吸收器，A、B和C。本领域的技术人员都知道，L*、a*和b*是根据CIE(国际照明委员会)1931的颜色协调参数。
通过适当地控制共挤压工序，可生成非常清晰、非常坚硬和抗化学的片材。这种片材也可成形为不同的制品，例如容器和杯子，这种片材在坚硬程度、高温性能(100摄氏度以上)和光学清晰度方面对于储存化学流体非常有用。
根据本发明的优选实施例构作的聚碳酸酯和ISOPLAST共挤压成型片材，使得聚碳酸酯可被使用在那些由于其本身有限的抗化学性而不能作为一种可行的材料被选择的应用中。图3中示出了这样一种应用的例子，其为根据本发明优选实施例构作和形成的挤压成形的油罐箱衬的简化视图；
此外，本发明的共挤压片材增强了传统上独自使用的聚碳酸酯的性能。图4中示出了这样一种应用的例子，其为根据本发明优选实施例构作和形成的广告牌的简化视图。在这里，透明的共挤压片材40被处理而罩住广告牌招贴，用来对其进行保护。
本领域的技术人员应该知道，本发明并不仅仅限制于上述的视图和描述，而是仅由权利要求进行定义。

Claims (12)

1、一种由硬热塑性聚氨基甲酸酯形成的挤压成形塑料产品。
2、如权利要求1所述的挤压成形塑料产品，其特征在于，所述硬热塑性聚氨基甲酸酯为ISOPLAST牌的热塑性工程树脂。
3、一种由聚碳酸酯和硬热塑性聚氨基甲酸酯共挤压形成的挤压成形塑料产品。
4、如权利要求3所述的挤压成形塑料产品，其特征在于，所述硬热塑性聚氨基甲酸酯为ISOPLAST牌的热塑性工程树脂。
5、如前述任一权利要求所述的挤压成形塑料产品，其特征在于，热塑性聚氨基甲酸酯的厚度小于50微米。
6、如前述任一权利要求所述的挤压成形塑料产品，其特征在于，还包括紫外线防护剂。
7、一种制造塑料产品的方法，其特征在于，其包括挤压硬热塑性聚氨基甲酸酯。
8、如权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述硬热塑性聚氨基甲酸酯为ISOPLAST牌的热塑性工程树脂。
9、一种制造塑料产品的方法，其包括共挤压聚碳酸酯和硬热塑性聚氨基甲酸酯。
10、如权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述硬热塑性聚氨基甲酸酯为ISOPLAST牌的热塑性工程树脂。
11、如权利要求7-10中任一权利要求所述的方法，其特征在于，热塑性聚氨基甲酸酯的厚度小于50微米。
12、如权利要求7-11中任一权利要求所述的方法，其特征在于，该方法还包括在挤压前加入紫外线防护剂的步骤。
CN96198639A 1995-11-29 1996-11-24 挤压成形塑料 Pending CN1202918A (zh)

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IL116192 1995-11-29
IL11619295A IL116192A (en) 1995-11-29 1995-11-29 Extruded plastic

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AU (1) AU706340B2 (zh)
CA (1) CA2238085A1 (zh)
DE (1) DE69607984T2 (zh)
ES (1) ES2147938T3 (zh)
IL (2) IL127593A (zh)
WO (1) WO1997019995A1 (zh)

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DE19750372C2 (de) * 1997-11-14 2002-09-19 Bosch Gmbh Robert Verfahren zum Betreiben von datenverarbeitenden Geräten
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CA2238085A1 (en) 1997-06-05
AU7586196A (en) 1997-06-19
EP0863945B1 (en) 2000-04-26
WO1997019995A1 (en) 1997-06-05
JP2000501040A (ja) 2000-02-02
AU706340B2 (en) 1999-06-17
EP0863945A1 (en) 1998-09-16
ES2147938T3 (es) 2000-10-01
DE69607984D1 (de) 2000-05-31
DE69607984T2 (de) 2000-12-21
IL127593A (en) 2001-05-20
IL116192A0 (en) 1996-03-31

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