CN1200068A - 塑坯颈部内螺纹的制作方法 - Google Patents

塑坯颈部内螺纹的制作方法 Download PDF

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CN1200068A
CN1200068A CN97191203A CN97191203A CN1200068A CN 1200068 A CN1200068 A CN 1200068A CN 97191203 A CN97191203 A CN 97191203A CN 97191203 A CN97191203 A CN 97191203A CN 1200068 A CN1200068 A CN 1200068A
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neck
injection moulding
wall
separator
moulding core
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甲田英明
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Aoki Technical Laboratory Inc
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Abstract

一种在塑坯上制作内螺纹的方法,应用这种方法,应用注塑芯基底部分在颈部内表面模制内螺纹后,可借助吹入空气、扩大颈部直径,移走注塑芯。带有转移内螺纹的内壁42b是应用筒状分隔件16和注塑芯10的基底部分10a模制成的,该筒状分隔件从注塑模具1的一侧可移动地插入在颈模具6中,而基底部分10a在外表面具有螺纹模型12,并通过颈模具6插入至注塑模具1中。当内壁42b的温度还足以变形时,分隔件16从颈模具的膨胀空间中移出。在注塑芯10和内壁42b之间吹入空气,以便使内壁42b在膨胀空间中完全扩张,从而在内壁42b的内表面以及注塑芯10基底部分的外表面之间形成一个移走芯子用的间隙19。

Description

塑坯颈部内螺纹的制作方法
本发明涉及一种在塑坯颈部制作内螺纹的方法,这种塑坯用于借助张拉吹塑方法模制诸如具有薄壁主体部分的PET并子等的封装容器。
用作封装容器的大部分塑料并在其颈部具有外螺纹,盖子拧在螺纹上以密封开口部分。这种外螺纹可采用组合模具制成,因而在注塑法中没有技术难点。但是在内螺纹情况时,内螺纹由制作在芯模外表面上的外螺纹模型转移制成。因此,在模制后,必须将芯子一边转动、一边拉出。
芯子的拉出不是仅靠转动芯子就能完成的,而是还要在轴向移动芯子。因而,转动和轴向移动必须同步。但是,同步动作从机械上限制了每一次模制的产品数量。因此,由于机械限制,难于像塑坯模制那样一次模制许多产品。为此,即使有适合密封某种封装容器开口部分的螺旋塞,还是采用以外螺纹进行密封的螺纹盖以避免制作内螺纹的困难。
本发明的目的是提出一种在塑坯颈部制作内螺纹的新方法,这种方法是在模制完成后,借助吹入空气,扩大颈部,使得基底部分制有内螺纹的注塑芯能被拉出,这是模制诸如在其颈部具有内螺纹并子的封装容器的塑坯所希望的。
为达到上述目的,本发明提供一种在塑坯中制作内螺纹的方法,该方法包括的步骤有:应用颈模具和注塑芯形成具有转移内螺纹的颈部,颈模具具有筒状分隔件的模制表面,而分隔件则可移动地从模制塑坯主体部分的注塑模具侧插入,注塑芯则通过颈模具插入至注塑模具中,注塑芯基底部分的外表面设置有螺纹模型;通过移走分隔件,在颈模具内形成膨胀空间;以及当颈部温度足以变形时,通过在注塑芯与颈部之间吹入空气,使颈部在膨胀空间中完全膨胀,这样,在颈部内表面与注塑芯基底部分外表面之间形成一个移走注塑芯用的间隙。
此外,本发明提出在塑坯中制作内螺纹的另一种方法,在此方法中,形成的双壁颈部具有外壁和带有转移内螺纹的内壁,而内、外壁则由分隔件通过限定颈模具中颈腔的内侧部分和外侧部分而成,当内壁温度足以变形时,通过移走分隔件,在内壁和外壁之间形成膨胀空间,而内壁则被吹入的空气所膨胀,直至内壁接触外壁,从而在内壁的内表面和注塑芯基底部分的外壁之间形成移走注塑芯用的间隙。
此外,本发明提出在塑坯中制作内螺纹的又一方法,在此方法中,注塑芯的基底部分向着芯子端部逐渐收缩成锥形,面向基底部分螺纹模型的分隔件的内表面具有与基底部分基本相同的角度,从而颈部或内壁按锥角形成,且具有通过转移而形成在锥形内表面上的螺纹,然后,通过吹入空气,使颈部或内壁在膨胀空间中完全膨胀,以便竖直地延伸。
图1是一个处于关闭状态的模具截面图,该模具在本发明提出的内螺纹形成方法的第一实施例中被应用。图2是一个主要部分的截面图,表示形成于双壁颈部上的内螺纹。图3是一个主要部分的截面图,表示借助吹入空气,形成移走注塑芯用的间隙。图4是一个处于关闭状态的模具截面图,该模具在本发明提出方法的第二实施例中被应用。图5是一个主要部分的截面图,表示形成于颈部上的内螺纹。图6是一个主要部分的截面图,表示借助吹入空气,形成移走芯子用的间隙。图7是一个主要部分的截面图,表示在本发明提出方法的第三实施例中,形成于颈部上的内螺纹。图8是一个主要部分的截面图,表示借助吹入空气,形成移走芯子用的间隙。图9A是一件塑坯的截面图,该塑坯具有按第一实施例提出的、模制在颈部上的内螺纹。图9B是一件塑坯的截面图,该塑坯具有按第二及第三实施例提出的、模制在颈部上的内螺纹。
以下将参考附图对本发明加以详细说明。
〔第一实施例〕(图1-3)
图中标号1表示竖直固定在基板2上的注塑模具。模具1包括一个放置在模具中央内侧的、竖直方向拉长的注塑腔3,用于模制图9A所示的,带底的塑坯40的主体部分41。该注塑腔3在注塑模具1的上侧有一个开口,而在底部中央有一个接触喷嘴4的浇口5。
标号6表示用于模制塑坯40颈部42的颈模具。颈模具6包括一对组合模具,这对组合模具安装在输送台7的下侧,从而能进行水平方向的开、关。颈模具6具有一个颈腔8,该颈腔8通过关闭这对组合模具而形成于下部,而安放芯子的芯子插入孔9则形成于颈腔8的上侧。
标号10表示模制塑坯40内表面的注塑芯。当注塑芯10从上侧插入在芯子插入孔9内时,注塑芯10被安放在颈模具中,并穿过模制颈部42的开口端的芯子构件11以及颈模具6以便插入在注塑腔3的中央。该注塑芯10具有放置在颈模具中的基底部分10a,它向着芯子端部逐渐缩成锥形,其外表面设置有若干圈螺纹模型12。在注塑芯10与芯子构件11之间有一个空气流动间隙13。
基底部分10a的锥角与芯子的直径有关,对直径为20毫米的芯子,锥角最好为15度。
标号14表示颈模具安放构件,它放置在注塑模具1的上表面。颈模具安放构件14具有啮合用边15以及位于其中央部分与注塑腔3连通的开口。开口的上边缘设置有一个桶状分隔件16,当模具关闭时,它被安放在颈腔8中。借助此分隔件16,颈腔8被分隔成外侧部分8a和内侧部分8b,它们是同轴的,且在开口端相互连通。
分隔件16上部的内表面,即面向注塑芯10的基底部分10a的螺纹模型12的内表面具有与基底部分10a基本相同的角度,从而塑坯40的内表面从开口端下侧起向内形成锥形。
在上述结构中,颈模具6如通常一样,向下移动至注塑模具1上,以关闭模具,然后,芯子构件11下降至注塑模具1上,直至如图1所示那样芯子构件11的下端部分装配在芯子插入孔9中,而注塑芯10穿过颈模具6插入在注塑腔3中。在此状态,诸如聚酯的熔融树脂从底部喷嘴4射入,并填充在注塑腔3中,在预定温度下进行冷却。熔融树脂从注塑腔3流入颈腔8的内侧部分8b,然后通过开口端流入外侧部分8a以填充支承环腔17,该环腔17与外侧部分8a的下用边连通。
借助将熔融树脂注射和充填在颈模具中,形成了一个双壁颈部42,该双壁颈部42包括由分隔件16加以相互分隔的外壁42a和内壁42b(见图2)。
与模制颈部42的同时,围绕外壁42a的下部向外形成了一个支承环43,并借助螺纹模型12的转移,在内壁42b的锥形内表面上形成了内螺纹44。紧挨颈模具6的外壁42a早于内壁42b冷却和固化。
在注射和填充树脂后,当内壁42b仍处于可变形温度时,颈模具6以及注塑芯10向上移动一个预定距离,以便将分隔件16从颈模具6中移走。借助这一工序,限定外壁42a和内壁42b的分隔件被移走,从而在外壁42a和内壁42b之间出现了一个膨胀空间18。
在膨胀空间18形成的同时,或在形成后,具有适当压力的空气通过注塑芯10和芯子构件11间的空气流动间隙13吹入至基底部分10a与内壁42b之间的空间中,从而内壁42b在膨胀空间中膨胀,直至内壁42b接触外壁42a。此膨胀对由放置在颈模具下分隔件16的上部内表面形成的锥形空间起作用。内壁42b将其位置改变至沿外壁42a的竖直方向,并被压向外壁42a形成一个整体的颈部42。
通过直径的这一膨胀,锥形内表面以开口端为轴,围绕开口端转向分隔件侧。因此,由基底部分10a锥形表面上的螺纹模型12形成的稍稍向上的螺纹44能脱离螺纹模型12,而不会使螺纹的形状变形,这时,螺纹44随着内壁42b将其位置从面向上改变至面向水平。在内壁42b膨胀其直径时,在颈部42的内表面与注塑芯10的基底部分10a的外表面之间形成一个间隙19,可用于移出芯子,而不会有两个螺纹间的互相干扰。
因此,当螺纹44通过转移形成在颈部42的内表面上后,螺纹44在吐出模具时刻不会阻挡注塑芯10的移走,且注塑芯10能按常规操作的相同方法从塑坯40中移走。这样,具有内螺纹塑坯40的模制在现有技术中是困难的,但这里却变得容易了。
虽然附图中没有表示,但也可采用具有内螺纹模型的颈模具在外壁42a的外表面上形成外螺纹45,除去如虚线所示的开口边缘上的凸形线之外。通过与内壁42b的结合,很容易在颈部42上形成内、外螺纹。
〔第二实施例〕(图4-6)
此实施例是一种模制图9B所示塑坯40的方法,该方法在于形成一个移走芯子用的间隙,但不形成双壁。此模制方法适用于具有小开口的塑坯。此实施例与上述第一实施例的不同处在于形成于颈模具6中膨胀空间18的位置。以下将仅对不同处加以解说,而其它部分的解说则将取消,虽然对它们也加上了标号。
在此实施例中,颈模具6中的颈腔8和分隔件16相互啮合,从而在颈腔8的内表面和颈部42之间形成一个膨胀空间18,而颈腔8的模具表面由分隔件16的内表面构成。
除颈模具6中的开口部分外,注射和填充于注塑腔3中的所有熔融树脂模制成颈部42,借助注塑芯10的基底部分10a和分隔件16的内表面,颈部42按上述实施例内壁的相同方法形成锥度。注射和填充完成后,且当颈部42仍处于可变形温度时,颈模具6以及注塑芯10上移一定距离,以便将分隔件16从颈模具6中移走,从而在颈腔8的内表面与颈部42之间形成膨胀空间18。
按上述实施例的相同方法,在膨胀空间18形成的同时,或在形成后,具有适当压力的空气吹入至基底部分10a与颈部42之间的空间中,从而颈部42膨胀,直至颈部42接触颈腔8的内表面。通过直径的膨胀,颈部42将其位置改变至沿着颈腔内表面的竖直方向,而由基底部分10a锥形表面上的螺纹模型12形成的,稍稍向上的螺纹44能脱离螺纹模型12,且不会使螺纹形状变形。在颈部42的内表面和注射芯10的基底部分外表面之间形成间隙19,它可使芯子移出,而不会有两个螺纹间的相互干扰。螺纹44随着颈部42将其位置从面向上改变至面向水平。
因此,与第一实施例相同,当螺纹44通过转移形成在颈部42的内表面上后,螺纹44在吐出模具时,不会阻挡注塑芯的移走,且注塑芯10能按常规操作的相同方法从塑坯40中容易地移走。
〔第三实施例〕(图7-8)
在此实施例中,注塑芯10的基底部分10a具有一个竖直表面,它将颈部42的内表面形成一个竖直表面,而螺纹44则通过基底部分10a的螺纹模型12的转移,形成在竖直表面上。
还是在此情况,除开口端外,颈部42是应用分隔件16作为颈腔8的模制表面形成的。此分隔件16的厚度至少要稍大于螺纹44的深度。由于设置有分隔件16,颈部42的壁竖直地延伸,并由于分隔件的厚度,从开口端起向内收缩。最好在开口端与螺纹边缘之间设置有锥形表面。
模制颈部42后,以上述实施例相同的方法将分隔件16从颈模具6中移走。然后,由于吹入空气至替代分隔件16而出现的膨胀空间中,空气的压力使颈部42膨胀。由于直径的膨胀,颈部42被重新模制成具有与开口边缘相同的直径,而在内表面上的螺纹44则沿着颈腔8的内表面竖直地延伸。在颈部与注塑芯10的基底部分外表面之间形成有间隙19,它用于移走芯子而不会发生两个螺纹间的相互干扰。因此,当螺纹44形成在竖直内表面上后,注塑芯10可以按没有螺纹情况下的相同方法被移走。
此实施例不经修改就可应用于第一实施例的内表面42b。
如上所述,在本发明中,通过吹入空气及扩大颈部或内表面,形成了移走芯子用的间隙,因而在吐出模具时,形成于颈部上的螺纹不会阻挡注塑芯的移走。注塑芯可不进行转动而按通常方法被移走。这样,曾经认为是困难的具有内螺纹的塑坯就可容易地进行大量模制。
此外,由于内螺纹可根据颈部直径的不同由上述任一方法制成,因而本发明能应用于饮料容器的PET并子、具有某种粘性的食品用广口容器、化学药品的双密封容器等。这样,本发明用途广泛,并具有高的工业应用性。

Claims (3)

1.一种在塑坯上形成内螺纹的方法,该方法包括的步骤有:
应用颈模具和注塑芯形成具有转移内螺纹的颈部,颈模具具有筒状分隔件的模制表面,而分隔件则可移动地从模制塑坯主体部分的注塑模具侧插入,注塑芯则通过颈模具插入至注塑模具中,注塑芯基底部分的外表面设置有螺纹模型;
通过移走分隔件,在颈模具内形成膨胀空间;以及
当颈部温度足以变形时,通过在注塑芯与颈部之间吹入空气,使颈部在膨胀空间中完全膨胀,这样,在颈部内表面与注塑芯基底部分外表面之间形成一个移走注塑芯用的间隙。
2.根据权利要求1的方法,其特征在于,形成的双壁颈部具有外壁和带有转移内螺纹的内壁,而内、外壁则由分隔件通过限定颈模具中颈腔的内侧部分和外侧部分而成,当内壁温度足以变形时,通过移走分隔件,在内壁和外壁之间形成膨胀空间,而内壁则被吹入的空气所膨胀,直至内壁接触外壁,从而在内壁的内表面和注塑芯基底部分的外壁之间形成移走注塑芯用的间隙。
3.根据权利要求1或2的方法,其特征在于,注塑芯的基底部分向着芯子端部逐渐收缩成锥形,面向基底部分螺纹模型的分隔件的内表面具有与基底部分基本相同的角度,从而颈部或内壁按锥角形成,且具有通过转移而形成在锥形内表面上的螺纹,然后,通过吹入空气使颈部或内壁在膨胀空间中完全膨胀,以便竖直地延伸。
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JP6139169B2 (ja) * 2013-02-19 2017-05-31 株式会社ブリヂストン タイヤの外観検査装置及びタイヤの外観検査方法

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CN102229228A (zh) * 2011-04-15 2011-11-02 广东星联精密机械有限公司 一种易于改变瓶坯结构的注坯模具
CN104995010A (zh) * 2012-11-27 2015-10-21 阿尔温莱纳股份有限两合公司阿尔普拉工厂 塑料容器和方法

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US6068811A (en) 2000-05-30
WO1998009794A1 (fr) 1998-03-12
EP0865897A4 (en) 2001-01-10

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