CN1541901A - 塑坯和薄壁容器 - Google Patents

塑坯和薄壁容器 Download PDF

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CN1541901A
CN1541901A CNA2004100422141A CN200410042214A CN1541901A CN 1541901 A CN1541901 A CN 1541901A CN A2004100422141 A CNA2004100422141 A CN A2004100422141A CN 200410042214 A CN200410042214 A CN 200410042214A CN 1541901 A CN1541901 A CN 1541901A
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neck
mould
base
thin
moulding
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望月刚一
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Aoki Technical Laboratory Inc
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29B11/00—Making preforms
    • B29B11/06—Making preforms by moulding the material
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/071—Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration, e.g. geometry, dimensions or physical properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C2949/00—Indexing scheme relating to blow-moulding
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    • B29C2949/0715—Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration the preform having one end closed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C2949/00—Indexing scheme relating to blow-moulding
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    • B29C2949/072—Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration having variable wall thickness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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    • B29C2949/076—Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration characterised by the shape
    • B29C2949/0768—Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration characterised by the shape characterised by the shape of specific parts of preform
    • B29C2949/0769—Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration characterised by the shape characterised by the shape of specific parts of preform characterised by the lip, i.e. very top of preform neck
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2949/00—Indexing scheme relating to blow-moulding
    • B29C2949/07—Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration
    • B29C2949/076—Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration characterised by the shape
    • B29C2949/0768—Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration characterised by the shape characterised by the shape of specific parts of preform
    • B29C2949/077—Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration characterised by the shape characterised by the shape of specific parts of preform characterised by the neck
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2949/00—Indexing scheme relating to blow-moulding
    • B29C2949/07—Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration
    • B29C2949/081—Specified dimensions, e.g. values or ranges
    • B29C2949/0811—Wall thickness
    • B29C2949/0813—Wall thickness of the neck
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2949/00—Indexing scheme relating to blow-moulding
    • B29C2949/20—Preforms or parisons whereby a specific part is made of only one component, e.g. only one layer
    • B29C2949/22—Preforms or parisons whereby a specific part is made of only one component, e.g. only one layer at neck portion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2949/00—Indexing scheme relating to blow-moulding
    • B29C2949/20—Preforms or parisons whereby a specific part is made of only one component, e.g. only one layer
    • B29C2949/24—Preforms or parisons whereby a specific part is made of only one component, e.g. only one layer at flange portion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C2949/00—Indexing scheme relating to blow-moulding
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    • B29C2949/26—Preforms or parisons whereby a specific part is made of only one component, e.g. only one layer at body portion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C2949/00—Indexing scheme relating to blow-moulding
    • B29C2949/20—Preforms or parisons whereby a specific part is made of only one component, e.g. only one layer
    • B29C2949/28—Preforms or parisons whereby a specific part is made of only one component, e.g. only one layer at bottom portion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/02—Combined blow-moulding and manufacture of the preform or the parison
    • B29C49/06—Injection blow-moulding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/25—Solid
    • B29K2105/253—Preform
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract

本发明的目的是在不采用诸如螺纹或支撑环等突出部的情况下防止塑坯的颈部从塑坯的颈部模具中脱出。本发明涉及一种塑坯，其包括：一个开口端沿，其被成型为具有向外悬置的凸缘；一个圆形颈部，通过一个用于形成该颈部外侧的颈部模具和一个用于形成该颈部内侧的注射型芯，该颈部被形成在所述开口端沿下面；以及一个封闭的底部。所述圆形颈部的外周表面被所述颈部模具成型为带切边形状，其中薄壁部分和厚壁部分以规则的间隔彼此交替布置；所述薄壁部分的下端边缘形成了与所述颈部模具相接合的接合部。

Description

塑坯和薄壁容器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于制作薄壁容器的塑坯，其不带有围绕着颈部的突出部例如螺纹或支撑环；此外，还涉及一种由所述塑坯拉伸吹塑成型出的包装容器。
背景技术
在用于成型杯状容器的传统塑坯中，其开口端沿的凸缘下方的侧表面上形成有小的突出部，当塑坯被从注射型芯上拉出时，所述突出部可以防止塑坯从颈部模具中拔出(参考文献1：日本实公平4-20012号公报，第1-2页，图1-3)。
位于颈部外侧表面上的突出部例如螺纹或支撑环等通过颈部模具而形成在包装容器塑坯上；除颈部之外，该塑坯通过拉伸吹塑而被成型为薄壁；此外，塑坯被成型为瓶子等形状，其颈部需要被盖子牢固密封。通过用于形成颈部外侧的颈部模具和用于形成颈部内侧的注射型芯，塑坯的颈部被成型出来。由于塑坯在注射成型之后处在被颈部模具的突出部保持着的状态，因此在注射型芯被从塑坯中拔出时，颈部模具用作保持模，以防止塑坯与注射型芯一起从颈部模具中脱出。这样，不必特别考虑防止塑坯脱出的问题。
然而，对于下面这种通过拉伸吹塑产生的薄壁容器塑坯，即其具有带凸缘的开口端沿，该边缘通过粘结密封铝箔等而被密封，例如广泛用于乳酸饮料或具有粘性的食物等食品行业的容器，其仅具有形成在颈部模具与注射型芯基部之间的开口端沿，而没有形成突出部。因此，塑坯上没有任何可被颈部模具保持的部位。当注射型芯在注射成型之后被拉出时，存在塑坯粘着在注射型芯上而从颈部模具中脱出的现象。
根据前述参考文献1中描述的传统技术，作为防止脱出的措施，在塑坯的开口端沿的凸缘下面的侧表面上，小的突出部在保持模与注射模具之间形成于塑坯上，用于使塑坯与保持模(颈部模具)相接合；在塑坯被拉伸吹塑成杯子时，所述突出部随着塑坯的扩张而消失。然而，尽管根据参考文献1所述脱出防止措施对于通过拉伸吹塑塑坯(该塑坯的底部至开口端沿的凸缘下面被成型得较厚)而形成杯状容器的情况而言是有效的，但在常规成型中，要在颈部变为固态之后将塑坯脱模，由于突出部设在颈部与拉伸部分之间的位置上，因此即使是很小的突出部，也难以通过吹塑扩张而将其完全消除。一部分突出部会留在容器的外表面上，从而导致产生缺陷制品。因此，对于在颈部完全变成固态之后脱模的薄壁容器成型而言，不能采用上述脱落防止措施。
发明内容
本发明是为了解决传统技术中的上述问题而研制的，而且本发明的目的是提供一种新型塑坯和一种由该塑坯成型出的薄壁容器，它们包括一个具有薄壁部分和厚壁部分的颈部，该颈部可以未经改变地构成薄壁容器颈部，从而可以通过薄壁部分而将塑坯的颈部减薄，同时通过厚壁部分保持强度；此外，该可以防止塑坯从颈部模具中脱出。
本发明涉及一种塑坯，其包括：一个开口端沿，其被成型为具有向外悬置的凸缘；一个圆形颈部，通过一个用于形成该颈部外侧的颈部模具和一个用于形成该颈部内侧的注射型芯，该颈部被形成在所述开口端沿下面；以及一个封闭的底部；其中，所述圆形颈部的外周表面被所述颈部模具成型为带切边形状，其中薄壁部分和厚壁部分以规则的间隔彼此交替布置；所述薄壁部分的下端边缘形成了与所述颈部模具相接合的接合部。
根据本发明的薄壁容器具有薄壁体部，该体部是通过从上述的塑坯的颈部薄壁部分的下端边缘开始拉伸吹塑该塑坯而形成的。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明的一个实施例的塑坯(实线)和薄壁容器(双点划线)的侧视图。
图2是图1的A-A方向的剖视图(A)以及图1的局部放大图(B)。
图3是塑坯成型状态下的注射模具、颈部模具和注射型芯的纵向剖视图。
图4是颈部模具和颈部的厚部的侧视图。
图5是颈部模具和颈部的薄部的侧视图。
图6是在吹塑模具合模时颈部模具、拉伸杆和塑坯的纵向剖视图。
具体实施方式
在前面描述的本发明的塑坯结构中，由于颈部的外周表面上以规则间隔形成了切边，从而可以利用所产生的薄壁部分的下端边缘使颈部和颈部模具牢固接合，因此，即使颈部粘着在注射型芯上，也可以借助于将颈部从注射型芯拉离的力而使颈部从注射型芯上分离，因此塑坯会留在颈部模具中，从而消除在撤出注射型芯时导致塑坯从颈部模具中脱出的现象。
此外，颈部包括具有交替地逐渐增大和减小厚度的薄壁部分和后壁部分，它们是通过在颈部的外周表面上形成切边而产生的。即使薄壁部分以规则的间隔产生，但由于薄壁部分的厚度向着厚壁部分逐渐增大，因此在注射过程中树脂流经厚壁部分的阻力较小，不会因薄壁部分而在颈部中产生接缝现象。
此外，由于在对塑坯进行进一步成型时塑坯颈部形成容器颈部，因此有时要将颈部构造成具有比一般情况下的容器颈部更薄的壁。在这种情况下，可以通过形成切边而产生薄壁部分；而且即使薄壁部分的下端边缘处的间隙较小，但由于这些间隙以规则间隔分布在外周表面上，因此能够确保颈部和颈部模具接合；这样，可以在撤出注射型芯时防止塑坯从颈部模具中脱出，而又不会对颈部厚度构成限制。
另外，对于热型坯法的拉伸吹塑成型而言，将塑坯与模具分离是在处于高温的较早阶段进行的，但分离必须在颈部冷却到固态之后进行。在具有前述结构的塑坯中，由于在通过颈部模具进行冷却时薄壁部分可导致颈部加速固化，因此注射成型塑坯所需的时间可以缩短，从而可以更早地将塑坯与模具分离，以减少成型周期时间。
此外，对于具有前述结构的容器，其颈部借助于薄壁部分而局部减薄，但由于薄壁部分可被以规则间隔分布的厚壁部分加强，因此在充填容纳物阶段和输送阶段，颈部可以承受施加在开口端沿上的拉力或保持力，从而可以防止开口端沿变形；同时，由于在粘结密封铝箔等封口件时颈部支撑着开口端沿，因此可以容易地实现利用封口件的密封。
在图1和2中，附图标记1表示一个注射成型出的一端封闭的塑坯，该塑坯包括一个圆形颈部4，其形成在一个具有向外悬置凸缘的开口端沿2的下面，并且整体延续形成一个圆筒形体部3。颈部4的外周表面以30度的规则间隔形成切边，以留下具有一定厚度(例如0.25mm)的厚壁部分6。这样，颈部4由薄壁部分5和厚壁部分6构成，这些部分的厚度交替地逐渐增大和减小，其中至少是薄壁部分5的下边缘被用作与将在后文描述的颈部模具相接合的接合部。
附图标记30表示一个容器，其具有一个由塑坯1拉伸吹塑形成的薄壁体部31，该容器的开口端沿和颈部包括与塑坯1相同的结构。
在图3、4和5中，附图标记10表示注射模具，其用于成型塑坯1的体部3和底部的外表面，一个注射喷嘴11以末端接触的状态接触模具底部的模腔注口。附图标记12表示颈部模具，其同时用作塑坯1的颈部4的成型模和保持模，并且包括一对短圆筒形拼合模，二者构成颈部成型部分，该颈部成型部分的下端内侧具有圆孔；该颈部模具12设在传送板15下面，并且与支持板16固定在一起；所述颈部模具可以移动，以使构成它的所述拼合模以彼此组配的方式打开和闭合。
上述颈部模具12的颈部成型部分包括凹面12a和凸面12b，所述凹面是通过在圆孔的内周面上开槽而产生的，用于成型出所述在塑坯1的颈部4的外周表面以30度的规则间隔布置的厚壁部分6；所述凸面用于成型出以交替和连续的方式布置在厚壁部分6之间的薄壁部分5。通过凹面12a和凸面12b，颈部4的外周表面上以规则间隔形成了切边。
附图标记13表示注射型芯，其用于成型塑坯1的内部，并且其与一个向上插入颈部模具12中的芯体14形成为一体。塑坯1的开口端沿2成型在一个围绕着注射型芯的间隙中，该间隙形成于型芯13和芯体14与颈部模具12的颈部成型部分之间。
在图6中，附图标记20表示吹塑模，其包括一对可移动地打开和闭合的拼合模21，所述拼合模在闭合状态可形成吹塑模腔22。附图标记23表示拉伸杆，其插入吹塑型芯24的中央。附图标记25表示可竖直移动的底部模，其构成了吹塑模22的底部。
通过向由注射模具10、注射型芯13和颈部模具12组合后形成的模腔(未示出)中注射熔融树脂，成型出前述塑坯1；然后，颈部模具12向上移动而将塑坯1从注射模具10中分离出来，同时通过芯体14向上移动而将注射型芯13拉出。在这种情况下，颈部4因树脂冷却收缩而牢固粘着在注射型芯13上，但如图5所示，颈部模具12的凹面处在与颈部4配合的状态，且颈部模具12接合在以规则间隔布置颈部4的外周表面上的薄壁部分5的下端上，因此，通过将注射型芯13拉出所用的力，塑坯1与注射型芯13分离，以防止塑坯1随注射型芯13一起脱出。
与所述注射模具10和注射型芯13分离并且被颈部模具12持续保持着的塑坯1与颈部模具12一起被传送板15传送到处在开模状态的吹塑模20。即使是在传送过程中，颈部模具12的凸面12b也与颈部4的外周表面呈配合状态，颈部4的薄壁部分5的下边缘5a与颈部模具12相连接，以防止塑坯1在传送板的传送启动和停止时的惯性作用下从颈部模具12脱出。
在被传送后，如图6所述，通过闭合吹塑模20而将塑坯1安置在吹塑模腔22的中央，这样，吹塑模腔的上部与颈部模具12彼此闭合，此外，吹塑型芯24从上方装配在颈部模具12中，拉伸杆23插入并定位在塑坯内部。
接下来，在被颈部模具12保持着的状态下，从颈部4的薄壁部的下端边缘(未示出)开始，塑坯1的下部通过拉伸杆23的伸长以及吹入空气而被拉伸吹塑成型，从而形成薄壁容器30，该容器包括：形成有向外悬置凸缘的开口端沿2；形成在开口端沿2下面的圆形颈部4，其仍然包括通过在颈部外周表面上形成切边而产生的交替逐渐增减厚度的薄壁部分5和厚壁部分6；以及体部31，其同时具有被成型为薄壁的肩部和底部。

Claims (2)

1.一种塑坯，包括：
一个开口端沿，其被成型为具有向外悬置的凸缘；一个圆形颈部，通过一个用于形成该颈部外侧的颈部模具和一个用于形成该颈部内侧的注射型芯，该颈部被形成在所述开口端沿下面；以及一个封闭的底部；
其特征在于，所述圆形颈部的外周表面被所述颈部模具成型为带切边形状，其中薄壁部分和厚壁部分以规则的间隔彼此交替布置；所述薄壁部分的下端边缘形成了与所述颈部模具相接合的接合部。
2.一种薄壁容器，其具有一个薄壁体部，该体部是通过从根据权利要求1所述的塑坯的颈部薄壁部分的下端边缘开始拉伸吹塑该塑坯而形成的。
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JP5631183B2 (ja) * 2010-12-03 2014-11-26 ザ コカ・コーラ カンパニーＴｈｅ Ｃｏｃａ‐Ｃｏｌａ Ｃｏｍｐａｎｙ プリフォーム
CH707196A1 (de) * 2012-11-07 2014-05-15 Alpla Werke Spritzgegossener Preform zur Herstellung von Kunststoffbehältern in einem Streckblasverfahren.
JP6777960B1 (ja) * 2020-06-18 2020-10-28 株式会社青木固研究所 射出成形型とプリフォーム成形方法、及び中空体の製造方法

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CN104379458A (zh) * 2012-04-23 2015-02-25 东洋制罐集团控股株式会社 发泡拉伸塑料瓶
CN104379458B (zh) * 2012-04-23 2016-04-20 东洋制罐集团控股株式会社 发泡拉伸塑料瓶
CN107000296A (zh) * 2014-12-17 2017-08-01 西德尔合作公司 具有附接螺纹套筒的宽颈部容器

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