CN118020586A - Rice seedling raising method suitable for northeast region - Google Patents
Rice seedling raising method suitable for northeast region Download PDFInfo
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- CN118020586A CN118020586A CN202410385799.4A CN202410385799A CN118020586A CN 118020586 A CN118020586 A CN 118020586A CN 202410385799 A CN202410385799 A CN 202410385799A CN 118020586 A CN118020586 A CN 118020586A
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- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000012784 inorganic fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
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- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OSMSIOKMMFKNIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;silicon Chemical compound [Ca]=[Si] OSMSIOKMMFKNIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, in particular to a rice seedling raising method suitable for northeast areas. The method comprises the following steps: spreading an inorganic fiber cotton seedling blanket in a seedling raising tray, watering, sowing, covering seed soil, and accelerating germination; transferring the sprouted seedling raising tray to a seedling raising greenhouse for cultivation; the seed covering soil is a seedling raising matrix or black soil of a sowing field, or is: a seedling raising matrix or a mixture of black soil of a sowing field and a rice seedling bed conditioner. Compared with the conventional seedling raising method, the invention utilizes the inorganic fiber cotton seedling raising blanket to raise rice seedlings and covers seed soil on seeds, and the obtained rice seedlings have the advantages of developed root system, strong packing capacity, light weight and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agriculture, in particular to a rice seedling raising method suitable for northeast areas.
Background
Rice is the grain crop with the largest planting area and highest yield in China, and rice production has extremely important status in agricultural production in China. Seedling raising is one of the most critical steps in the whole rice production process, and the quality of seedlings directly determines the growth condition of rice so as to influence the yield of the rice. At present, a common method for raising rice seedlings is to firstly lay a layer of subsoil in a seedling raising tray, water and wet, then sow, then cover a layer of soil and water and wet. The method has the advantages that the soil quantity is large, the labor intensity is high in the soil taking process, the weight of soil is heavy, and the cost of later seedling transportation is high; meanwhile, in northeast China, the conventional seedling raising is generally carried out by taking black soil, and the black soil is used as seedling raising soil through the operations of airing, crushing, sieving, uniformly mixing with seedling strengthening agent and the like, so that the artificial investment is large, and the seedling raising process is complicated; when black soil is taken, the soil cultivation layer is damaged, and the environment is greatly influenced; when the seedling raising blanket is used for raising seedlings, the seedling raising blanket can replace bottom soil during seedling raising, 3/4 of black soil is saved, the using amount of the black soil is greatly reduced, and the black soil can be effectively protected; in addition, the water retention performance of the soil is general, and the water content in the seedling raising process is difficult to control; when transplanting seedlings, the packing of the seedlings is poor, the seedlings are seriously damaged, the seedlings are not easy to lift, and the transplanting efficiency is affected. Therefore, based on the above conditions, a seedling raising material which has the advantages of simple seedling raising process, light weight, good water retention performance, strong seedling packing capability and high seedling transplanting efficiency needs to be developed. The inorganic fiber cotton seedling raising blanket body can store enough moisture, and is favorable for the growth of seedlings in the seedling raising period. Meanwhile, the inorganic fiber cotton seedling blanket provides a growth carrier for seedling growth, and is beneficial to packing of the seedlings during seedling raising, so that the seedlings are in a blanket shape.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a rice seedling raising method suitable for northeast areas.
The invention provides a rice seedling raising method suitable for northeast areas, which comprises the following steps:
Spreading an inorganic fiber cotton seedling blanket in a seedling raising tray, watering, sowing, covering seed soil, and accelerating germination;
transferring the sprouted seedling raising tray to a seedling raising greenhouse for cultivation to obtain rice seedlings;
The seed covering soil is a seedling raising matrix or a mixed material of local black soil and a rice seedling bed conditioner.
In some embodiments, the water for watering further comprises a water-soluble rice seedbed conditioning agent. The watering amount is as follows: watering 1.5-2 kg of seedling raising blanket every nine inches.
In some embodiments, the sown rice seeds are rice sprouts, and the sowing quantity of the rice sprouts of each nine-inch seedling blanket is 120-150 g, and can be 120g, 130g, 140g and 150g.
In some embodiments, the thickness of the seed covering soil is 0.5cm to 0.7cm, and specifically can be 0.5cm, 0.6cm and 0.7cm.
In some embodiments, the germination is a darkroom germination, and the time from germination to seedling setting is 3-4 d.
In some embodiments, the method further comprises the step of applying foliar fertilizer when the seedling grows to a leaf-core period or two leaves-core period. In the invention, the foliar fertilizer is a foliar fertilizer which is commonly and commercially available in the field, can be a compound fertilizer or an amino acid fertilizer, and the fertilizing amount is required according to the dosage commonly used in the field.
In some embodiments, the seedling raising substrate is a commercial seedling raising substrate comprising straw and/or vermiculite as a major component and a rice growth regulator.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the inorganic fiber cotton seedling blanket is made of calcium-silicon composite inorganic materials.
In some embodiments, the rice seedling bed conditioner is a commercial rice seedling bed conditioner. In some specific embodiments, in the two-channel river farm test, in the rice seedling bed conditioner mixed with the seed covering soil, N=9%, P=4.5%, K=1.5%, zn is more than or equal to 0.2%, and the pH value is less than or equal to 6; the rice seedling bed conditioner added during watering has N not less than 15%, P not less than 9% and K not less than 4%.
In some embodiments, the dosage ratio of the seedling raising substrate or local black soil to the rice seedling bed conditioner is 6m 3: 10kg.
In the whole process of raising the rice seedlings, the water content of the rice seedling raising blanket is kept as follows: the dew is visually detected on the seedling, the soil is covered in a wet state, the seedling blanket is provided with water drops, the hand can wet when touching the seedling blanket, the water content is 6 kg/-10 kg/square meter, namely, the water content of each square seedling blanket is 6 kg-10 kg, and the water content can be specifically 6 kg/square meter, 7 kg/square meter, 8 kg/square meter, 9 kg/square meter and 10 kg/square meter.
The invention provides a rice seedling raising method suitable for northeast areas, which comprises the following steps: spreading an inorganic fiber cotton seedling blanket in a seedling raising tray, watering, sowing, covering seed soil, and accelerating germination; transferring the sprouted seedling raising tray to a seedling raising greenhouse for cultivation; the seed covering soil is seedling raising matrix or local black soil, or is: a seedling raising matrix or a mixture of black soil of a sowing field and a rice seedling bed conditioner. Compared with the conventional seedling raising method using seedling raising subsoil, the invention utilizes the inorganic fiber cotton seedling raising blanket to raise rice seedlings and covers seed soil on seeds, and the obtained rice seedlings have the advantages of developed root system, strong packing capacity, light weight and the like. Specifically, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The traditional seedling raising tray is reserved, but the raised seedlings are lighter in weight and can be transported away from the tray, so that the transportation quantity of the seedlings is improved, the labor intensity is reduced, and the mechanical transplanting efficiency is greatly improved;
(2) The seedling raised by the seedling raising blanket has developed root system, strong packing capacity and good root system coiling property, and can reduce the 'disc damage rate' of the seedling;
(3) The seedling blanket has good water retention capability, the seedlings raised by the seedling blanket grow tidily, the watering times in the seedling raising greenhouse can be reduced in production, and the risk of physiological water shortage of the seedlings caused by insufficient water of the seedling tray in the seedling growing process is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows seedling raising conditions of an inorganic fiber cotton seedling raising blanket for Daxing farms;
FIG. 2 shows the seedling raising situation of a two-river farm with an inorganic fiber cotton seedling blanket (seedling three leaves one heart period without watering one day);
FIG. 3 shows the result of raising seedlings by the seedling raising method of the inorganic fiber cotton seedling raising blanket of the invention on a twenty-nine-one farm.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a rice seedling raising method suitable for northeast areas. Those skilled in the art can, with the benefit of this disclosure, suitably modify the process parameters to achieve this. It is expressly noted that all such similar substitutions and modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and are deemed to be included in the present invention. While the methods and applications of this invention have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the relevant art that the invention can be practiced and practiced with modification and alteration and combination of the methods and applications herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
The test materials adopted by the invention are all common commercial products and can be purchased in the market.
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples:
Example1 Daxing farm test in Heilongjiang province
1) Preparing a seedling blanket and a seedling tray;
2) Paving a seedling raising blanket in a seedling raising tray;
3) The local black soil is dried, smashed and sieved, and then the mixture is uniformly mixed with a commercial rice seedling bed conditioner to be used as seed covering soil (or commercial rice seedling raising matrix is directly applied to be used as seed covering soil, or the commercial rice seedling bed conditioner is dissolved in water to be poured into a seedling raising blanket), wherein 10kg of the rice seedling bed conditioner is added into every 6m 3 of soil, wherein N-P-K=9-4.5-1.5 of the rice seedling bed conditioner, zn is more than or equal to 0.2%, and pH value is less than or equal to 6);
4) Feeding the seedling raising tray paved with the seedling raising blanket into a flow line seeding machine to finish the processes of watering, seeding and covering the seed covering soil with the rice seedling bed conditioner (namely the seedling strengthening agent) which is uniformly mixed; wherein, the water yield is: 1.5kg of seedling blanket is watered every nine inches, the sown rice seeds are rice buds, the sowing amount of the rice buds of every nine inches of seedling blanket is 120g, and the thickness of the seed covering soil is 0.5cm.
5) And (3) transferring the seedling raising tray covered with seed soil into a darkroom for germination accelerating for 3d, and after the seedlings stand, removing the seedling raising tray from the darkroom and placing the seedling raising tray into a seedling raising greenhouse for cultivation.
The conventional seedling raising method comprises the following steps: the seedling raising blanket is not used, the soil mixed with the conditioner of the rice seedling bed is directly used as seedling raising subsoil and is paved in a seedling raising tray, and other steps are the same as the seedling raising method provided by the invention, for example, the seedling raising tray is put into a streamline sowing machine to finish the processes of subsoil filling, watering, sowing, seed soil covering and the like.
The same batch of rice seedlings were cultivated according to the above-described seedling cultivation method and the conventional seedling cultivation method of the present invention, and the plant height, the stem thickness, the leaf age and the SPAD value of the seedlings cultivated for 25 days (from the sowing day) were measured, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Daxing agricultural science and technology park test results
The result shows that the seedling obtained by the invention has more root systems Bai Genshu and longer longest root, and has better seedling raising effect compared with the conventional seedling raising method.
Example 2 two river farm test
Sowing time: 2023, 4 and 16 days
Experiment group 1: the invention relates to a seedling raising method (seedling raising blanket, seedling raising matrix and seedling strengthening agent), which comprises the following steps:
① The local soil mixed with the rice seedling bed conditioner is used as seed covering soil: commercial rice seedling bed conditioner (the rice seedling bed conditioner used in the test has N-P-K=9-4.5-1.5, zn is more than or equal to 0.2 percent, and pH value is less than or equal to 6), and 10 kg of the rice seedling bed conditioner is mixed with 800-900 sieving fine soil and uniformly mixed to serve as seed covering soil;
② Stacking the sown seedling raising trays in a tray, and placing the tray in a darkroom for germination acceleration;
③ Accelerating germination for about three days, and after the seedlings stand, removing the seedling raising tray from the darkroom and putting the seedlings into a seedling raising greenhouse;
④ The dressing is carried out on two leaves of the seedling in a period of one heart, the conditioner of the rice seedling bed and fine soil which is sieved by a 5mm sieve are uniformly mixed, and the mixture is uniformly scattered on the seedling.
The conventional seedling raising method comprises the following steps: the seedling raising blanket is not used, the black soil is conventionally used for raising seedlings in farms, the black soil taken locally is directly used as seedling raising subsoil after being air-dried and mixed with the conditioner of the rice seedling bed, and the seedling raising tray is placed into a pipeline seeding machine to finish the operations of subsoil filling, watering, seeding, seed soil covering and the like.
Experiment group 2: the invention relates to a seedling raising method, which specifically comprises the following steps:
the commercial rice seedling raising matrix (main components are rice husk coco, vermiculite, sand and the like) is used as seed covering soil, the rice seedling raising matrix does not contain a rice seedling bed conditioner, and other steps are the same as those of the seedling raising method in the embodiment 1 of the invention.
Control group 1 seedling raising method: a water-soluble rice seedling bed conditioner (N is more than or equal to 15%, P is more than or equal to 9%, N is more than or equal to 4%) is dissolved in water and poured into inorganic fiber cotton, 10kg of one bag of rice seedling bed conditioner is dissolved in about 1 ton of water, the water-soluble rice seedling bed conditioner is used on about 500 discs of nine-inch fiber cotton, the rice seedling bed conditioner is not contained in seed covering soil, and other steps are the same as those of example 1.
With the above mode of raising seedlings, FIG. 2 shows the three-leaf one-heart period seedling conditions of the seedlings, and the seedling height, the stem thickness, the leaf age and the SPAD value of each treatment group for 26 days of raising are measured. The results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 results of hard disk test on farm of two river
Note that: different letters in the same column represent significant differences, p < 0.05.
As can be seen from Table 2, the seedling raising method (experimental groups 1 and 2) of the invention has more root systems Bai Genshu and longer longest root, and has obviously improved comprehensive effect compared with the conventional seedling raising method and the seedling raising method of the control group 1.
Example 3 two nine one farm test
The process of raising the soft-disc rice seedlings by using the inorganic fiber cotton seedling raising blanket in the second-ninth-first farm of the Heilongjiang province is specifically as follows:
Placing the seedling raising tray on a seedling bed of a greenhouse;
placing the inorganic fiber cotton seedling blanket in a seedling raising tray;
thoroughly watering the inorganic fiber cotton seedling blanket (watering 6kg per square meter of seedling blanket);
Sowing by a self-propelled sowing machine (the sowing amount of the rice sprout seeds per square seedling blanket is 700 g), and covering seed soil (0.5 cm);
and applying foliar fertilizer when the seedlings grow to one leaf and one core period and two leaves and one core period.
Raising seedlings by the method, and measuring the plant height, the stem thickness, the leaf age and the root number of the seedlings (30 days from the seeding day) in the three-leaf one-heart period of each treatment group. The results are shown in Table 3 and FIG. 3.
The conventional seedling raising method adopted in this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 2.
The result shows that the seedling raising method using the seedling raising blanket and the seed covering soil containing the rice seedling bed treating agent has the advantages that the obtained seedling roots are more and the root system grows better, the standard of the produced strong seedling is reached, and the seedling raising method has obvious advantages compared with the conventional seedling raising method.
TABLE 3 results of the hard disk test of the two-nine-one farm
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A rice seedling raising method suitable for northeast areas is characterized by comprising the following steps:
Spreading an inorganic fiber cotton seedling blanket in a seedling raising tray, watering, sowing, covering seed soil, and accelerating germination;
transferring the sprouted seedling raising tray to a seedling raising greenhouse for cultivation to obtain rice seedlings;
the seed covering soil is a seedling raising matrix or a mixture of black soil of local black soil and a rice seedling bed conditioner.
2. The method for raising rice seedlings according to claim 1, wherein said water for watering further comprises a water-soluble rice seedling bed conditioner; the using amount of the water-soluble rice seedling bed conditioner is 65g/m 2～130g/m2;
the watering amount is as follows: watering 1.5-2 kg of seedling raising blanket every nine inches.
3. The rice seedling raising method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sown rice seeds are rice sprouts, and the sowing amount of the rice sprouts per nine inch seedling raising blanket is 120-150 g.
4. The rice seedling raising method as recited in claim 1, wherein the thickness of the seed covering soil is 0.5cm to 0.7cm.
5. The rice seedling raising method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the germination accelerating is in a darkroom, and the time from germination accelerating to seedling setting is 3-4 d.
6. The rice seedling raising method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising the step of dressing a foliar fertilizer when the seedlings grow to a one-leaf one-heart period or two-leaf one-heart period.
7. The rice seedling raising method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the seedling raising substrate is a commercial seedling raising substrate which is mainly composed of straw and/or vermiculite and contains a rice growth regulator.
8. The method for raising rice seedlings according to claim 1, wherein said rice seedling bed conditioner is a commercial rice seedling bed conditioner, and wherein N is not less than 15%, P is not less than 9%, and K is not less than 4%.
9. The rice seedling raising method according to claim 1, wherein the dosage ratio of the seedling raising substrate or the local black soil to the rice seedling bed conditioner is 6m 3: 10kg.
10. The method for raising rice seedlings according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the water content of the seedling blanket is maintained at 6 kg/square meter to 10 kg/square meter in the whole process of raising rice seedlings.
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| CN202410385799.4A CN118020586A (en) | 2024-04-01 | 2024-04-01 | Rice seedling raising method suitable for northeast region |
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| CN202410385799.4A CN118020586A (en) | 2024-04-01 | 2024-04-01 | Rice seedling raising method suitable for northeast region |
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