CN117959300A - 丁苯酞衍生物在制备用于防治缺血性脑卒中药物中的应用 - Google Patents
丁苯酞衍生物在制备用于防治缺血性脑卒中药物中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种丁苯酞衍生物在制备用于防治缺血性脑卒中药物中的应用,属于生物医药领域;所述丁苯酞衍生物分子式为C27H37IN4O4,化学结构式如式(Ⅰ)所示,所述药物包括活性成分和药学上可接受的辅料;所述活性成分包括所述丁苯酞衍生物和所述丁苯酞衍生物的对映异构体、非对映异构体、几何异构体、游离形式和药用可接受的盐、水合物、溶剂化物及酯中的至少一种。所述丁苯酞衍生物可以有效改善脑卒中的影响面积,具有增加脑血流量及改善大脑缺血再灌注损伤的作用。在预防缺血性脑卒中及治疗缺血性脑卒中药物中,丁苯酞衍生物具有广阔的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物医药领域,具体涉及一种丁苯酞衍生物在制备用于防治缺血性脑卒中药物中的应用。
背景技术
脑卒中(cerebral stroke),又称“中风”,是由于血管阻塞导致血液不能流入大脑或脑部血管突然破裂而引起脑组织损伤的一种急性脑血管疾病,具有高发病率、高致残率、高死亡率及高复发率的特点。然而,目前脑卒中的治疗方法非常有限,对于超急性期缺血性脑梗死患者需要在时间窗内给予静脉溶栓及血管内治疗,但由于治疗时间窗的限制和治疗带来的出血风险的增加,实际只有5%的患者从重组组织纤溶酶原激活剂(rtPA)治疗中受益。因此,寻找和发现具有长效脑保护作用的药物是缺血性脑卒中防治领域的研究重点和目标。
丁苯酞(恩必普,NBP)是我国自主研发的一类新药,全球第一个以“缺血性脑卒中治疗”为主要适应症的全新化学药物。NBP作用于脑缺血的多个病理环节,药效学研究表明其具有较强的抗脑缺血作用,具有多种药理活性,包括抗炎、抗氧化应激、保护血脑屏障、改善脑微循环、促进血管新生、保护神经细胞等。此外,多项临床研究表明,NBP不仅能改善缺血性脑卒中的症状,而且有助于长期恢复。
CN101627992B公开了一种左旋丁苯酞在制备预防和治疗因脑缺血引起的各种疾病的药物的应用,该发明指出动物或人类在脑缺血情形下,可以出现脑梗塞、神经缺失、记忆障碍、脑水肿、脑卒中、能量代谢障碍、脑血流变化等多种病症,并通过动物实验表明:左旋丁苯酞能有效改善因脑缺血引起的上述不良症状。然而,该发明仍然无法克服NBP水溶性差的问题。
CN114685537A公开了一种丁苯酞衍生物G 3702在制备脑缺血再灌注损伤预防和治疗药物中的应用。所述的丁苯酞衍生物G 3702具有显著的抗脑缺血再灌注损伤的作用,且效果优于能显著改善缺血性脑卒中患者的中枢神经功能损伤的丁苯酞,可以用于制备脑缺血再灌注损伤的预防和治疗药物。该发明有效的降低了左旋丁苯酞带来的临床不良反应,但由于缺乏其他组分的复配,其药效仍难以满足需要。
因此,如何提供一种通过引入基团等方法对丁苯酞进行结构修饰、改造,以获得具有更好的药代动力学、药效学特性和更高的临床应用价值的防治脑卒中药物,是本领域研究的重点之一。
发明内容
本发明中文字或图片中记载的化合物A5或A5为本发明所述的丁苯酞衍生物的代号。
本发明针对现有技术存在的问题,提供了一种丁苯酞衍生物在制备用于防治缺血性脑卒中药物中的应用。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案如下:
提供了一种丁苯酞衍生物在制备用于防治缺血性脑卒中药物中的应用。
优选地,所述丁苯酞衍生物的分子式为C27H37IN4O4,化学结构式如式(Ⅰ)所示:
优选地,所述丁苯酞衍生物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将丁苯酞(NBP)用强碱水解,调节pH,萃取得到中间体1;
(2)将步骤(1)中得到的中间体1依次与氯乙酰氯、4-二甲氨基吡啶(DMAP)和三乙胺(Et3N)混合反应得到中间体2;
(3)向川芎嗪(TMP)中加入过氧化苯甲酰(BPO)引发,与N-溴代琥珀酸酐(NBS)反应,回流,得到中间体3;
(4)将步骤(2)中得到的中间体2与步骤(3)中得到的中间体3混合,加入碳酸钾,发生取代反应得到中间体4;
(5)向步骤(4)得到的中间体4中加入碳酸铯和N-甲基哌嗪,发生取代反应,得到川芎嗪-异苯并呋喃酮拼合类化合物。
进一步优选地,步骤(1)中所述强碱为氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾中的一种或两种;所述强碱与NBP的摩尔比为2-4:2;
步骤(1)中所述水解的条件为55-65℃,加热2-3h;或55-65℃,超声40-50min;
步骤(1)中所述调节pH为加入稀酸调节pH;
步骤(1)中所述萃取的溶剂为乙酸乙酯和乙醚中的一种或两种;
步骤(2)中所述氯乙酰氯与NBP的摩尔比为1-2:1;所述DMAP与NBP的摩尔比为0.1-0.2:10;所述Et3N与NBP的摩尔比为1-2:1;
步骤(3)中所述BPO与TMP的摩尔比为0.05-0.15:1;所述NBS与TMP的摩尔比为0.2-0.4:1;
步骤(3)中所述回流为在70-85℃下回流3-5h;
步骤(4)中所述中间体2与中间体3的摩尔比为0.9-1.1:1;
步骤(4)中所述碳酸钾与中间体2的摩尔比为0.5-2:1;
步骤(5)中所述碳酸铯与中间体4的摩尔比为1-3:1;
步骤(5)中所述N-甲基哌嗪与中间体4的摩尔比为1-3:1;
步骤(5)中所述取代反应的反应条件为50-70℃,加热反应2-5h;或50-70℃,微波反应1-3h。
优选地,所述药物包括活性成分和药学上可接受的辅料。
进一步优选地,所述活性成分包括所述丁苯酞衍生物和所述丁苯酞衍生物的对映异构体、非对映异构体、几何异构体、游离形式和药用可接受的盐、水合物、溶剂化物及酯中的至少一种。
更进一步优选地,所述辅料包括粘合剂、填充剂、稀释剂、崩解剂、混悬剂、助悬剂、缓释剂、控释剂、冻干保护剂、包衣剂、肠溶材料、润滑剂、助流剂、抗粘剂、甜味剂、风味剂、增塑剂、遮光剂、增溶剂、保湿剂、溶剂、渗透压调节剂、着色剂、色素、表面活性剂、乳化剂、水溶性基质、脂溶性基质、油脂性基质、致孔剂、凝胶剂、防腐剂、缓冲剂、螯合剂和抗氧剂中的至少一种。
优选地,所述药物的最小剂量单元含所述丁苯酞衍生物的量为2-200mg。
优选地,所述防治缺血性脑卒中的药物包括预防缺血性脑卒中的药物和治疗缺血性脑卒中的药物。
优选地,所述药物的形式为固体、液体或气体。
进一步优选地,所述固体的形式为粉末剂、片剂、颗粒剂、丸剂、硬胶囊、软胶囊、乳膏剂、软膏剂、硬膏剂、凝胶剂、糊剂、散剂或贴剂;所述液体的形式为溶液剂、混悬剂、注射剂、糖浆剂、搽剂、乳剂、酊剂或酏剂;所述气体的形式为气雾剂或喷雾剂。
最优选地,所述药物的形式为片剂或注射剂。
优选地,所述药物的给药方式为口服、舌下、口腔粘膜、静脉内、肌肉内、腹腔内、皮下、经皮、鼻腔、直肠途径中的至少一种。
本发明还提供了一种预防缺血性脑卒中的药物,包含活性成分和药学上可接受的辅料。
优选地,所述活性成分包括丁苯酞衍生物和丁苯酞衍生物的对映异构体、非对映异构体、几何异构体、游离形式和药用可接受的盐、水合物、溶剂化物及酯中的至少一种;所述丁苯酞衍生物的分子式为C27H37IN4O4,化学结构式如式(Ⅰ)所示:
进一步优选地,所述辅料选自下组:所述辅料包括粘合剂、填充剂、稀释剂、崩解剂、混悬剂、助悬剂、缓释剂、控释剂、冻干保护剂、包衣剂、肠溶材料、润滑剂、助流剂、抗粘剂、甜味剂、风味剂、增塑剂、遮光剂、增溶剂、保湿剂、溶剂、渗透压调节剂、着色剂、色素、表面活性剂、乳化剂、水溶性基质、脂溶性基质、油脂性基质、致孔剂、凝胶剂、防腐剂、缓冲剂、螯合剂和抗氧剂中的至少一种。
本发明还提供了一种治疗缺血性脑卒中的药物,包含活性成分和药学上可接受的载体。
优选地,所述活性成分包括丁苯酞衍生物和丁苯酞衍生物的对映异构体、非对映异构体、几何异构体、游离形式和药用可接受的盐、水合物、溶剂化物及酯中的至少一种;所述丁苯酞衍生物的分子式为C27H37IN4O4,化学结构式如式(Ⅰ)所示:
进一步优选地,所述辅料包括粘合剂、填充剂、稀释剂、崩解剂、混悬剂、助悬剂、缓释剂、控释剂、冻干保护剂、包衣剂、肠溶材料、润滑剂、助流剂、抗粘剂、甜味剂、风味剂、增塑剂、遮光剂、增溶剂、保湿剂、溶剂、渗透压调节剂、着色剂、色素、表面活性剂、乳化剂、水溶性基质、脂溶性基质、油脂性基质、致孔剂、凝胶剂、防腐剂、缓冲剂、螯合剂和抗氧剂中的至少一种。
相对于现有技术,本发明具有以下有益效果:
本发明提供了丁苯酞衍生物的新的应用,具体提供了丁苯酞衍生物在制备具有预防缺血性脑卒中和治疗缺血性脑卒中作用的药物中的应用。所述丁苯酞衍生物可以有效改善脑卒中影响面积,具有增加脑血流量及改善大脑缺血再灌注损伤的作用。相比于现有技术,丁苯酞衍生物在制备具有防治缺血性脑卒中药物的应用中,表现出了更佳的药代动力学和药效学特性;具有更高的临床应用价值。
附图说明
图1为丁苯酞衍生物对体外缺氧复氧诱导的神经元细胞模型的保护作用图,图1中A、B分别为丁苯酞衍生物和NBP对SH-SY5Y细胞毒性和OGD/R细胞模型增殖活力的影响对比图;C为丁苯酞衍生物和NBP对SH-SY5Y细胞OGD/R模型释放LDH的影响对比图;D为丁苯酞衍生物和NBP对SH-SY5Y细胞OGD/R模型细胞形态改变的影响对比图;
图2为丁苯酞衍生物和NBP对SH-SY5Y细胞OGD/R模型活性氧水平的影响对比图,A为活性氧水平荧光图,B为活性氧水平定量图;
图3为丁苯酞衍生物和NBP对SH-SY5Y细胞OGD/R模型线粒体膜电位影响荧光图;
图4为丁苯酞衍生物和NBP对SH-SY5Y细胞OGD/R模型线粒体膜电位影响的线粒体去极化比例图;
图5丁苯酞衍生物和NBP对SH-SY5Y细胞OGD/R模型线粒体膜电位影响的聚合物相对含量图;
图6为丁苯酞衍生物和NBP对SH-SY5Y细胞OGD/R模型细胞凋亡与坏死影响荧光图;
图7为丁苯酞衍生物和NBP对SH-SY5Y细胞OGD/R模型细胞坏死与凋亡比例影响图;
图8为丁苯酞衍生物对大鼠缺血性脑卒中模型的保护作用图,其中,图4中A为给药7d内各组体重的变化图;B为给药7d内各组行为学评分的变化图;C、D为给药7d后各组大鼠脑梗死面积图;E、F为给药7d后各组大鼠脑血流量情况图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解,下面结合具体实施例,进一步阐明本发明,但下述实施例仅为本发明的优选实施例,并非全部。基于实施方式中的实施例,本领域技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得其它实施例,都属于本发明的保护范围。下述实施例中,若无特殊说明,所用的操作方法均为常规操作方法,所用仪器均为常规仪器,所用原料均为市售。
除非另外定义,本文中使用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员通常理解的相同意义。
本发明所采用的仪器如下:
二氧化碳培养箱(Panasonic,MCO-18AC);
生物安全柜(苏州安泰有限公司);
倒置光学显微镜(日本OLYMPUS公司);
厌氧箱(美国COY Laboratory,TypeⅢ);
多功能酶标仪(Thermo Fisher Scientific公司,Muktiskan FC);
荧光显微镜(Life Technologies,EVOSFL Color);
体重秤(上海菁华科技仪器有限公司,YP2002N);
激光多普勒血流仪(Moor FLPI-2);
-80℃超低温冰箱(青岛海尔特种电器有限公司,DW-86L728)
实施例一:丁苯酞衍生物A5的制备
1.中间体的制备
中间体1的制备
中间体1的结构式如下所示:
取化合物NBP 10.0g(52.6mmol),加入乙醇-水混合溶液60mL,该混合溶液中乙醇与水的体积比2:1;加入氢氧化钾4.40g(78.4mmol),在60℃下微波反应40min,反应结束后旋干溶剂,将浓缩液加水稀释,利用稀盐酸调节pH至3-4,析出白色固体,用乙酸乙酯萃取三次,合并有机层,用无水硫酸镁干燥后,得到含有中间体1的乙酸乙酯溶液中,直接用于下一步反应。
中间体2的制备
中间体2的结构式如下所示:
取氯乙酰氯6.3mL(78.9mmol)加入至前述含有中间体1的乙酸乙酯溶液中,加入DMAP642.3mg(5.26mmol)后,滴加三乙胺11mL(78.9mmol),搅拌反应。反应结束后加水萃取,收集有机层,无水硫酸钠干燥有机层后,过滤,蒸干溶剂得到粗品,以V(石油醚):V(乙酸乙酯)=10:1的硅胶柱层析纯化得淡黄色固体中间体2共7.6g,收率为51%。将中间体2用于下一步反应。化合物2的1H NMR、13C NMR和HRMS数据如下所示。
1H-NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ:8.09(dd,J=8.0Hz,1.1Hz,1H,H-3),7.61-7.58(td,J=8.1Hz,1.4Hz,1H,H-5),7.58-7.56(dd,J=8.1Hz,1.5Hz,1H,H-6),7.39(td,1H,J=7.4Hz,1.5Hz,H-4),6.77(m,1H,C(CH)O),4.10(d,2H,CO(CH2)Cl),0..91(t,3H,CH3);13C-NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ:172.0,166.7,143.7,133.5,131.5,127.7,126.9,126.1,75.0,41.1,36.5,27.9,22.3,14.0;HRMS:Calcd.for C14H17ClO4(M+Na):307.0708.Found:307.0710.
中间体3的制备
中间体3的结构式如下所示:
将TMP溶于四氯化碳中,加入NBS(与TMP摩尔比0.3:1)、BPO(与TMP摩尔比0.1:1)微波65℃反应30min,过滤,蒸干溶剂得到粗品,以V(二氯甲烷):V(甲醇)=10:1硅胶柱层析纯化得淡黄色固体,得到中间体3,收率为45%。用于下一步反应。
中间体4的制备
中间体4的结构式如下所示:
称取2g(7mmol)中间体2,用5ml丙酮稀释溶解,室温条件下依次加入中间体3共
1.5g(7mmol)和碳酸钾1g(7mmol),室温下搅拌2h,过滤浓缩得到粗品,以V(石油醚):V(乙酸乙酯)=15:1硅胶柱层析纯化得淡黄色固体中间体4共1.8g,收率为67%。用于下一步反应。中间体4的1H NMR、13C NMR和HRMS数据如下所示。
1H-NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ:7.93(m,1H,H-3),7.54-7.52(m,1H,H-5),7.52-7.51(m,1H,H-6),7.33-7.30(m,1H,H-4),6.66(m,1H,C(CH)O),5.44(d,J=12.3Hz,2H,COOCH2),4.07(d,J=14.6Hz,2H,COCH2Cl),2.60(s,3H,CH3),2.53(s,3H,CH3),2.51(s,3H,,CH3),0.86(t,J=7.0Hz,3H,CH3);13C-NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ:166.5,166.3,151.5,149.3,149.1,144.6,142.9,132.7,130.7,127.9,127.5,126.1,75.0,65.9,41.1,36.5,27.9,22.4,21.8,21.5,20.6,14.0;HRMS:Calcd.for C22H27ClN2O4(M+Na):441.1552.Found:441.1551.
2.丁苯酞衍生物A5的制备
丁苯酞衍生物A5的结构式如下所示:
称取1g(2.6mmol)中间体4置于微波管中,用3ml四氢呋喃稀释溶解,依次加入碳酸铯3.8mmol和N-甲基哌嗪3.8mmol,65℃下微波反应1h,过滤浓缩得到粗品,以V(石油醚):V(乙酸乙酯)=1:4硅胶柱层析纯化得黄色粘稠液体丁苯酞衍生物A5,收率为64%。丁苯酞衍生物A5的1H NMR、13C NMR和HRMS数据如下所示。
1H-NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ:8.16(d,J=1.9Hz,1H,H-3),7.76(dd,J=8.2Hz,1.8Hz,1H,H-5),7.15(d,J=8.4Hz,1H,H-6),6.44(m,1H,C(CH)O),5.35(d,J=12.3Hz,,2H,COOCH2),3.22(d,J=17.0Hz,2H,COCH2N),3.02-2.74(m,8H,(CH2NCH2)2),2.55(s,3H,CH3),2.51(s,3H,CH3),2.47(s,3H,CH3),2.45(s,3H,NCH3),0.78(t,J=6.9Hz,3H,CH3);13C-NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ:168.1,163.9,150.6,148.1,148.0,143.2,142.0,140.4,138.1,128.7,127.0,91.4,72.1,65.0(2C),57.3,52.9(2C),49.5,43.2,35.2,26.9,21.3,20.7,20.5,19.6,12.9;HRMS:Calcd.for C27H37IN4O4(M+H):609.1932.Found:609.1931.
实施例二:丁苯酞衍生物对体外缺氧复氧诱导的神经元细胞模型的保护作用
1.药物及试剂
本实验所用丁苯酞衍生物由中国医学科学院药用植物研究所田瑜研究员提供,以上述实施例一中的制备方法制备;阳性药丁苯酞(NBP)购于MedChemExpress。CCK-8试剂盒购于武汉三鹰生物技术有限公司;乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)试剂盒购于南京建成生物工程研究所;活性氧检测试剂盒、线粒体膜电位检测试剂盒(JC-1)、细胞凋亡与坏死检测试剂盒均购于上海碧云天生物技术有限公司。
2.细胞培养与缺氧复氧诱导的神经元细胞模型建立
人神经母细胞瘤细胞系(SH-SY5Y)来自中国医学科学院基础医学研究所(中国北京)。SH-SY5Y细胞在含有10%胎牛血清(FBS,Gibco,USA)、2mmol/L谷氨酰胺、青霉素(100U/ml)和链霉素(100μg/ml)的DMEM培养基中培养,并置于37℃和5%CO2的潮湿环境中。用SH-SY5Y细胞进行缺氧复氧(OGD/R),以模拟体外的脑损伤。
在本实施例的内容中,缺氧复氧处理(OGD/R)的具体步骤为:当SH-SY5Y细胞融合度大于80%时,吸出原培养基,加入无FBS无糖培养基,然后放入含95%N2、5%H2,37℃的厌氧培养箱中培养3.5小时进行缺氧(OGD),然后从厌氧培养箱中转移到正常环境中,用正常培养基代替无FBS的培养基进行复氧(R),放入正常培养箱中继续培养12小时。
Control组的处理方式为:当SH-SY5Y细胞融合度大于80%时,吸出原培养基,加入无FBS培养基,然后放入正常培养箱中培养。
3.细胞增殖活力和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)检测
(1)细胞增殖活力检测
取对数生长期的细胞以1.2×105个/孔的密度接种于96孔板中,在5%CO2、37℃条件培养长满至80%后,分别加入含丁苯酞衍生物或NBP(浓度均为6.25uM)的无FBS培养基孵育4h,然后按照上述OGD/R处理方式处理。处理结束后,每孔加入CCK-8溶液10μl,37℃孵育1h后,微孔板震荡器震荡5s,酶标仪检测450nm处吸光度值(OD值)。将各测试孔的OD值减去本底OD值(无血清培养基加CCK-8,无细胞),根据各孔OD值计算平均值±SD。细胞存活率%=(加药细胞OD值-本底OD值)/(对照细胞OD值-本底OD值)×100%。
(2)乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)检测
细胞OGD/R处理结束后,吸取每孔细胞培养液上清,按照LDH试剂盒说明书操作,充分混匀,室温放置5分钟,用酶标仪在波长450nm下测定吸光度。
(3)细胞形态观察
细胞OGD/R处理结束后,置于显微镜下观察并拍照。
4.细胞活性氧检测
细胞OGD/R处理结束后,吸出原培养基,每孔加入含10uM DCFH-DA的培养基,37℃孵育60mins,PBS清洗三次,置于荧光显微镜下进行拍照。
5.细胞线粒体膜电位检测
细胞OGD/R处理结束后,吸出原培养基,PBS清洗1次,每孔加入100uL JC-1染色工作液,置于细胞培养箱中孵育20mins。吸除上清液,用JC-1染色缓冲液(1X)洗涤2次,转入100uL细胞培养基,荧光显微镜下观察并拍照。
6.细胞凋亡与坏死检测
细胞OGD/R处理结束后,吸出原培养基,按照体积比1:1:200的比例加入细胞染色缓冲液、Hoechst染色液和PI染色液。混匀,4℃孵育30mins。PBS清洗1次,置于荧光显微镜下观察并拍照。
7.数据处理
数据处理采用SPSS16.0分析统计软件,实验数据以均数±标准差(Mean±SD)表示。统计分析采用单因素方差分析(One Way ANOVA),实验组之间采用t检验进行两两比较,P<0.05表示差异有统计学意义。
8.实验结果
图1-3中与Control组比较,###P<0.001;与OGD/R模型组比较,***P<0.001;与NBP组比较,&&&P<0.001。
细胞增殖活力和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)检测测定结果如图1中A、B所示,丁苯酞衍生物和NBP对于SH-SY5Y细胞OGD/R模型均具有明显的保护作用,有效提高了细胞增殖活力。细胞LDH释放如图1中C所示,丁苯酞衍生物和NBP均明显降低SH-SY5Y细胞OGD/R模型LDH的释放。细胞形态改变情况如图1中D所示,与OGD/R组相比,丁苯酞衍生物和NBP明显改善了OGD/R诱导的细胞形态改变。
细胞活性氧检测结果如图2所示,与Control组相比,OGD/R组活性氧水平明显升高,给予丁苯酞衍生物和NBP治疗后活性氧水平有效降低。
细胞线粒体膜电位和细胞凋亡与坏死检测结果如图3-7所示,与Control组相比,OGD/R组线粒体膜电位显著降低、细胞凋亡水平明显增高,给予丁苯酞衍生物和NBP治疗后缓解,A5表现出了最高的线粒体膜电位水平,并有效减少了细胞凋亡水平。
由此表明,丁苯酞衍生物能够保护缺氧复氧诱导的神经元细胞模型,具有提高细胞增殖活力、降低LDH释放、改善OGD/R诱导的细胞形态改变、降低OGD/R带来的活性氧提高水平及减少细胞凋亡的作用。
结论:丁苯酞衍生物对缺氧复氧诱导的神经元细胞模型具有明显的保护作用。
实施例三:丁苯酞衍生物对大鼠缺血性脑卒中模型的保护作用
1.实验动物和药物配制
SD大鼠购于北京维通利华实验技术有限公司,饲养于中国医学科学院药用植物研究所的动物屏障系统,环境为SPF级别,保证恒温(24±2℃)、恒湿(40%-60%)、12/12h昼夜照明,并保证充足的水和食物以及干燥的环境。
丁苯酞衍生物给药的配制方法:称取实验量的丁苯酞衍生物油性液体,用羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC)溶液配制,超声至充分混匀;
NBP给药的配制方法:称取实验量的丁苯酞油性液体,用羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC)溶液配制,超声至充分混匀。
2.大鼠缺血性脑卒中模型的建立
采用大脑中动脉栓塞手术制备大鼠局灶性脑缺血/再灌注损伤模型。实验开始前,将尼龙栓线用75%酒精擦洗干净,在距球端18.5mm处做标记,置0.9%的无菌生理盐水中备用。将大鼠用氯胺酮(80mg/kg)和甲苯噻嗪(10mg/kg)麻醉,仰卧于手术台上。颈正中切开皮肤,依次分离左侧颈总动脉(CCA)、颈外动脉(ECA)、颈内动脉(ECA)的分支动脉,结扎ECA远端与总动脉(CCA)向心端。用动脉夹夹闭CCA和ICA,在ECA作个当于ECA直径2/3大小的切口,将制备好的栓线插入ICA,至阻断ICA血流处,并用手术线轻轻结扎充分。松开ICA的动脉夹,将尼龙栓线顺势插入ICA,插入18.5±0.5mm至大脑前(ACA)起始部,阻断大脑中动脉(MCA)的血液供应。MCA阻断2h后,将尼龙丝线从ACA拔出,退至ECA内恢复,再灌注24h,得到大鼠局灶性脑缺血/再灌注(MCAO/R)损伤模型。
3.实验动物分组及给药
筛选健康合格的SPF级、体重280-330g的SD大鼠;随机分为5组,每组6只:按照给药及模型情况分为假手术(Sham)组、MCAO/R模型组、丁苯酞衍生物给药低剂量组(5mg/kg)+MCAO/R、丁苯酞衍生物给药中剂量组(10mg/kg)+MCAO/R、丁苯酞衍生物给药高剂量组(20mg/kg)+MCAO/R、NBP对照组(20mg/kg)+MCAO/R。各组按剂量连续灌胃给药7d,假手术组(Sham)与模型组每天给予等体积的CMC溶液灌胃。
4.体重和行为学评分
在MCAO/R手术后1、3、5和7天,对MCAO/R处理和药物治疗的动物(n=6/组/时间点)进行神经行为评估和体重称量。在本实验中,根据国际公认的MCAO/R术后大鼠神经功能缺损评分标准--改良神经功能严重程度评分(mNSS),在不同时间点对大鼠的神经功能评分进行评估。总分是18分,分数越高代表神经系统损伤越严重。
5.激光多普勒检测脑血流量
将麻醉好的大鼠平放至托盘中,酒精消毒大鼠头顶部毛发及皮肤,手术剪剪开大鼠头顶部皮肤,用蘸有生理盐水的棉球清理头部剪开位置残留的毛发,将大鼠头顶正对于激光多普勒血流仪摄像头下进行拍照。
6.TTC染色
麻醉后20min内直接迅速取脑,保持大脑的完整性。-20℃冰箱中速冻10min左右便于切片。随后用专门的脑槽放置脑(准确计算梗死面积),一般切成5-6片,每隔2mm切一片。将切片置于2%TTC溶液用锡箔纸盖住后放入37℃温箱15min不时翻动脑片使均匀接触到染色液。经染色后,正常组织呈玫瑰红色,梗死组织未被染色而呈白色。取出脑片放入4%多聚甲醛中固定24h,避光。固定好的脑片放在浅色手术台上用数码相机拍照。按公式计算缺血区体积比=(各切片白色缺血区面积之和)/(各切片脑片面积之和)×100%。
7.数据处理
数据处理采用SPSS16.0分析统计软件,实验数据以均数±标准差(Mean±SD)表示。统计分析采用单因素方差分析(One Way ANOVA),实验组之间采用t检验进行两两比较,P<0.05表示差异有统计学意义。
8.实验结果
图4中与Sham组比较,###P<0.001;与MCAO/R模型组比较,*P<0.05,**P<0.01,***P<0.001,与NBP组比较,&P<0.05。
大鼠体重和行为学变化如图8中A和B所示,与MCAO/R组相比,丁苯酞衍生物高剂量组(20mg/kg)体重明显增加,行为学评分降低,说明丁苯酞衍生物有效的降低了脑梗死带来的神经系统损伤。
大鼠给药7d后大脑梗死面积如图8中C和D所示,与假手术(Sham)组相比,MCAO/R组脑梗死面积明显增加,给予丁苯酞衍生物和NBP治疗后大鼠脑梗死面积显著降低。
大鼠给药7d后大脑血流量如图8中E、F所示,与假手术(Sham)组相比,MCAO/R组脑血流量明显降低,给予丁苯酞衍生物和NBP治疗后大鼠脑血流量显著增加。
综上所述,丁苯酞衍生物可以改善大鼠脑梗死面积、增加脑血流量,改善大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤。
对比例一:现有技术中丁苯酞衍生物对于SY5Y细胞缺氧复氧损伤模型的保护活性1.(3,5,6-三甲基吡嗪-2-基)甲基-2-戊酰基苯甲酸酯(丁苯酞衍生物)的合成
本对比例采用的试剂均为常规市售试剂。
采用CN106928155A具体实施方式中实施例1的方式制备了(3,5,6-三甲基吡嗪-2-基)甲基-2-戊酰基苯甲酸酯。
所述(3,5,6-三甲基吡嗪-2-基)甲基-2-戊酰基苯甲酸酯包含丁苯酞结构,为丁苯酞衍生物中的一种,与本发明中的A5结构式相似,均具有丁苯酞和川芎嗪结构,结构式如式(Ⅱ):
具体的制备方式如下:
(1)在250mL圆底烧瓶中加入20.0g(348mmol)TMP,18.2g(103mmol)N-溴代琥珀酰亚胺(NBS),用80mL CCl4溶解原料后,60W白炽灯照射并回流12h,TLC检测反应完全后,抽滤,蒸干滤液得粗品,以V(石油醚):V(乙酸乙酯)=12:1硅胶柱层析纯化得中间体a;
(2)在100mL圆底瓶中称取2.00g(11mmol)正丁烯基苯酞,悬浮于10mL甲醇和40mL双蒸水,加入0.65g(12mmol)氢氧化钾搅拌溶解,回流2h后,TLC检测反应完全后,利用10%稀盐酸调节pH 2-3,蒸干得中间体b粗品,直接用于下步反应。
(3)在100mL圆底瓶中称取0.80g中间体b粗品,0.64g(3.9mmol)碳酸钾,0.83g(3.9mmol)中间体a,用60mL丙酮溶解稀释,室温搅拌过夜,加入5%稀盐酸调pH至中性,蒸出丙酮,100mL乙酸乙酯萃取3次,无水硫酸钠干燥、过滤,浓缩得粗品,以V(石油醚):V(乙酸乙酯)=8:1硅胶柱层析纯化得无色固体(3,5,6-三甲基吡嗪-2-基)甲基-2-戊酰基苯甲酸酯。
(3,5,6-三甲基吡嗪-2-基)甲基-2-戊酰基苯甲酸酯(Ⅱ)的结构表征如下:1H-NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ:7.82(dd,J=7.7Hz,0.9Hz,1H),7.48(td,J=7.5Hz,1.3Hz,1H),7.40(dd,J=7.6Hz,1.3Hz,1H),7.29(dd,J=7.6Hz,0.9Hz,1H),5.33(s,2H),2.69(t,J=7.4Hz,2H),2.50(s,3H,CH3),2.45(s,3H,CH3),2.43(s,3H,CH3),1.53-1.48(m,2H),1.27-1.21(m,2H),0.81(t,J=7.5Hz,3H);13C-NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ:165.5,150.5,148.0,143.3,142.1,131.2,129.0,128.7,127.3,125.4,65.1,41.3,25.0,21.2,20.7,20.4,19.5,12.9;HRMS:Calcd.for C20H25N2O3(M+H):341.1865.Found:341.1869.
2.SY5Y细胞缺氧复氧损伤模型的保护活性检测
本发明利用CCK-8法测定化合物对SH-SY5Y细胞(神经元细胞)的保护率评价:建立SY5Y细胞缺氧复氧模型模拟脑缺血再灌注损伤。取对数生长期的SH-SY5Y细胞以1.2×104每孔接种于96孔板中,在5%CO2、37℃条件下培养约24h至细胞覆盖率80%后,按不同组别的处理方式处理,如下:
①空白对照组(Control):更换无血清高糖培养基,放置于正常细胞培养箱中培育。
②缺氧复氧模型组(OGD\R):更换无血清高糖培养基,放置于正常细胞培养箱中培育4h后,更换成无血清无糖培养基,放入厌氧箱中缺氧3.5h,诱导缺氧损伤。然后从厌氧箱中取出,更换为无血清高糖培养基,置于正常细胞培养箱中继续培养12h,即为OGD\R模型。
③NBP或丁苯酞衍生物A5或对比例1制备的(3,5,6-三甲基吡嗪-2-基)甲基-2-戊酰基苯甲酸酯预处理组(NBP/NBP衍生物+OGD\R):更换成含有不同浓度的NBP或丁苯酞衍生物A5或(3,5,6-三甲基吡嗪-2-基)甲基-2-戊酰基苯甲酸酯的无血清高糖培养基,放置于正常细胞培养箱中培育4h后,更换成无血清无糖培养基,放入厌氧箱中缺氧3.5h,诱导缺氧损伤。然后从厌氧箱中取出,更换为无血清高糖培养基,置于正常细胞培养箱中继续培养12h。
对上述三组处理结束后,每孔加入10uL CCK-8溶液,37℃下孵育1h,用酶标仪在450nm处测吸光值(OD值)。
细胞保护率%=(预处理组③OD值-模型组②OD值)\(空白对照组①OD值-模型组②OD值)×100%;其数据如表1:
表1化合物对SY5Y细胞损伤模型的保护活性测评
化合物对SH-SY5Y细胞损伤模型的保护活性实验结果显示:与模型组NBP相比,A5、表现出对SH-SY5Y细胞损伤模型的保护活性,其中丁苯酞衍生物A5的活性最为突出,当浓度为3.125μM时,细胞保护率可以达到36.07%,是同浓度下丁苯酞的2倍,与浓度为12.5μM的丁苯酞(细胞保护率为30.38%)相比,依旧具有几乎一致的细胞保护率,同时与对比例1相比(细胞保护率最高为13.15%),A5具有更优的细胞保护作用,上述结果均表明,相比于现有技术,丁苯酞衍生物A5在低浓度下即具有十分显著的细胞缺氧损伤的保护作用,可以用于防治缺血性脑卒中药物的制备。
最后应当说明的是,以上内容仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对本发明保护范围的限制,本领域的普通技术人员对本发明的技术方案进行的简单修改或者等同替换,均不脱离本发明技术方案的实质和范围。
Claims (10)
1.丁苯酞衍生物在制备用于防治缺血性脑卒中药物中的应用,其特征在于:所述丁苯酞衍生物的分子式为C27H37IN4O4,化学结构式如式(Ⅰ)所示:
。
2.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于:所述药物包括活性成分和药学上可接受的辅料;所述活性成分包括所述丁苯酞衍生物和所述丁苯酞衍生物的对映异构体、非对映异构体、几何异构体、游离形式和药用可接受的盐、水合物、溶剂化物及酯中的至少一种。
3.根据权利要求2所述的应用,其特征在于:所述辅料包括粘合剂、填充剂、稀释剂、崩解剂、混悬剂、助悬剂、缓释剂、控释剂、冻干保护剂、包衣剂、肠溶材料、润滑剂、助流剂、抗粘剂、甜味剂、风味剂、增塑剂、遮光剂、增溶剂、保湿剂、溶剂、渗透压调节剂、着色剂、色素、表面活性剂、乳化剂、水溶性基质、脂溶性基质、油脂性基质、致孔剂、凝胶剂、防腐剂、缓冲剂、螯合剂和抗氧剂中的至少一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于:所述药物的最小剂量单元含所述丁苯酞衍生物的量为2-200mg。
5.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于:所述防治缺血性脑卒中的药物包括预防缺血性脑卒中的药物和治疗缺血性脑卒中的药物。
6.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于:所述药物的形式为固体、液体或气体。
7.一种预防缺血性脑卒中的药物,其特征在于:所述药物包括活性成分和药学上可接受的辅料;
所述活性成分包括丁苯酞衍生物和丁苯酞衍生物的对映异构体、非对映异构体、几何异构体、游离形式和药用可接受的盐、水合物、溶剂化物及酯中的至少一种;所述丁苯酞衍生物的分子式为C27H37IN4O4,化学结构式如式(Ⅰ)所示:
。
8.根据权利要求7所述的药物,其特征在于:所述辅料包括粘合剂、填充剂、稀释剂、崩解剂、混悬剂、助悬剂、缓释剂、控释剂、冻干保护剂、包衣剂、肠溶材料、润滑剂、助流剂、抗粘剂、甜味剂、风味剂、增塑剂、遮光剂、增溶剂、保湿剂、溶剂、渗透压调节剂、着色剂、色素、表面活性剂、乳化剂、水溶性基质、脂溶性基质、油脂性基质、致孔剂、凝胶剂、防腐剂、缓冲剂、螯合剂和抗氧剂中的至少一种。
9.一种治疗缺血性脑卒中的药物,其特征在于:所述药物包括活性成分和药学上可接受的辅料;
所述活性成分包括丁苯酞衍生物和丁苯酞衍生物的对映异构体、非对映异构体、几何异构体、游离形式和药用可接受的盐、水合物、溶剂化物及酯中的至少一种;所述丁苯酞衍生物的分子式为C27H37IN4O4,化学结构式如式(Ⅰ)所示:
。
10.根据权利要求9所述的药物,其特征在于:所述辅料包括粘合剂、填充剂、稀释剂、崩解剂、混悬剂、助悬剂、缓释剂、控释剂、冻干保护剂、包衣剂、肠溶材料、润滑剂、助流剂、抗粘剂、甜味剂、风味剂、增塑剂、遮光剂、增溶剂、保湿剂、溶剂、渗透压调节剂、着色剂、色素、表面活性剂、乳化剂、水溶性基质、脂溶性基质、油脂性基质、致孔剂、凝胶剂、防腐剂、缓冲剂、螯合剂和抗氧剂中的至少一种。
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