CN117770050A - Method for improving drought resistance, freezing resistance and barren resistance of passion fruits - Google Patents
Method for improving drought resistance, freezing resistance and barren resistance of passion fruits Download PDFInfo
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- CN117770050A CN117770050A CN202410071048.5A CN202410071048A CN117770050A CN 117770050 A CN117770050 A CN 117770050A CN 202410071048 A CN202410071048 A CN 202410071048A CN 117770050 A CN117770050 A CN 117770050A
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- 244000288157 Passiflora edulis Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 235000000370 Passiflora edulis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000003124 biologic agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000194108 Bacillus licheniformis Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000193388 Bacillus thuringiensis Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000194105 Paenibacillus polymyxa Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 229940097012 bacillus thuringiensis Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003729 cation exchange resin Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000015110 jellies Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000008274 jelly Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229930013930 alkaloid Natural products 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002301 combined effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005068 transpiration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving drought resistance, freezing resistance and barren resistance of passion fruits, which comprises the following steps: step 1, planting for 3-4 months, firstly uniformly mixing drought-resistant biological agents into soil, and then planting enthusiastic seedlings into the treated soil; step 2, paving straws around the enthusiasm fruit plants by taking the plants as the center before 10 ten days in month; and 3, at the bottom of 10 months, cutting off all branches and leaves on the passion fruit seedlings, only keeping the main branches, spraying an antifreezing agent once every half month until the climate is warmed up in the beginning of 2 months of the next year. The method can reduce the occurrence of enthusiasm jelly and improve drought resistance and barren resistance, thereby enlarging suitable planting areas, reducing fertilizer application amount, reducing economic loss and having good economic and ecological benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of crop planting, in particular to a method for improving drought resistance, freezing resistance and barren resistance of passion fruits.
Background
The passion fruit is also called passion fruit, is suitable for being planted in a region with a climate of 20-28 ℃ and is afraid of cold frost. At present, the Menghai county in Yunnan province is suitable for planting, but the situation of freezing still occurs under the condition of low air temperature in winter, the whole plant can die in severe places, and huge economic loss is caused for growers. Not only is the plant re-growth needed in the coming year, but the planting experience also shows that the yield and planting benefit of passion fruits are seriously affected in the second and third years after planting, so that most passion fruits are harvested only in the first year and cannot enter the yield-increasing period in cold winter.
The Chinese patent of application number 201910775710.4 discloses a passion fruit overwintering method, which uses the alkaline action of plant ash and the heat preservation action of soil to make the interior of passion fruit seedlings not freeze in cold winter by spraying stucco slurry composed of plant ash and soil on main vines, so that the internal structure of passion fruit seedlings is not damaged by ice crystals, and the vitality is preserved, thereby smoothly passing through cold winter and providing conditions for high yield in the coming year.
Through practice, the anti-freezing capacity of the passion fruit is not improved to a higher degree by adopting the method, and more death of the passion fruit plant still can be caused.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for improving drought resistance, freezing resistance and barren resistance of passion fruits, which can reduce occurrence of passion fruit jelly and improve drought resistance and barren resistance.
In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the method for improving drought resistance, freezing resistance and barren resistance of the passion fruit comprises the following steps of:
step 1, planting for 3-4 months, firstly uniformly mixing drought-resistant biological agents into soil, and then planting enthusiastic seedlings into the treated soil;
step 2, paving straws around the enthusiasm fruit plants by taking the plants as the center before 10 ten days in month;
and 3, at the bottom of 10 months, cutting off all branches and leaves on the passion fruit seedlings, only keeping the main branches, spraying an antifreezing agent once every half month until the climate is warmed up in the beginning of 2 months of the next year.
Further, in step 1, the drought-resistant biological agent comprises bacillus subtilis, bacillus thuringiensis, bacillus licheniformis and paenibacillus polymyxa.
Further, the mass ratio of bacillus thuringiensis, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and paenibacillus polymyxa is 2:5:4:1.
Further, the preparation method of the antifreezing agent comprises the following steps:
(1) Washing the cut enthusiasm fruit leaves with distilled water, airing, and grinding into powder to obtain a component 1;
(2) Adding distilled water into component 1, heating at 55-70deg.C for 15-25min, filtering, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain component 2;
(3) Passing component 2 through strong acid type or weak acid type cation exchange resin, eluting with deionized water, discarding eluent, eluting with ethanol, and recovering solvent to obtain component 3;
(4) And adding chitosan into the component 3 to obtain the antifreezing agent.
Further, in the step (4), the mass ratio of the component 3 to the chitosan is 10-20:1.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the drought-resistant biological agent is applied during field planting, and comprises bacillus subtilis, bacillus thuringiensis, bacillus licheniformis and paenibacillus polymyxa, so that the soil structure can be improved in the growth process of enthusiasm fruit plants, organic matters in the soil can be decomposed, available nutrients in the soil can be increased, water storage and energy storage of the soil can be improved, meanwhile, the abundance and composition of microbial communities related to root systems of the enthusiasm fruits can be influenced, the effectiveness of soil nitrogen can be further influenced, the nitrogen loss in the soil can be effectively reduced, and the drought resistance and barren tolerance of the enthusiasm fruits can be improved.
2. The enthusiasm fruit leaves contain alkaloids, the enthusiasm fruit leaves can be extracted by the method of the invention, and then the combined effect of chitosan is added, so that a layer of film containing the alkaloids can be formed on the surfaces of enthusiasm fruit plants, the film can reduce the transpiration effect, enhance the cold resistance of the enthusiasm fruits, and has good anti-freezing effect on the enthusiasm fruits, and the gel layer is rich in the alkaloids, so that the enthusiasm fruits can be in frosty night, the air temperature reducing speed is slowed down, the main vine temperature of the enthusiasm fruits is prevented from being reduced too fast, and the good frost prevention and anti-freezing effects are achieved. The antifreezing agent is prepared from the sheared enthusiasm fruit leaves, so that the cost can be reduced, the enthusiasm fruit leaves can be recycled, and the antifreezing agent is prepared, and has remarkable antifreezing effect.
2. The method can reduce the occurrence of enthusiasm jelly and improve drought resistance and barren resistance, thereby enlarging the suitable planting area, reducing the fertilizer application amount, reducing the economic loss and having good economic and ecological benefits.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and all the inventions which make use of the inventive concept are protected by the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and defined in the appended claims to those skilled in the art.
The test examples and comparative examples of the present invention were all carried out in Menghai county, yunnan province.
Test example 1
Step 1, planting for 3-4 months, applying drought-resistant biological agents to 10 g/plant, uniformly mixing the drought-resistant biological agents into soil, and planting enthusiastic seedlings to 10 g/plant in the treated soil; preferably, the drought-resistant biological agent comprises bacillus subtilis, bacillus thuringiensis, bacillus licheniformis and paenibacillus polymyxa in a mass ratio of 2:5:4:1.
And 2, before 10 months, paving straws around the enthusiasm fruit plants with the plants as the center and with the radius of 0.5m, and wrapping two layers of shading nets around the plants under the condition of being conditional, wherein the height is 1-1.5m.
And 3, at the bottom of 10 months, cutting off all branches and leaves on the passion fruit seedlings, only keeping the main branches, spraying an antifreezing agent once every half month until the climate is warmed up in the beginning of 2 months of the next year.
The preparation method of the antifreezing agent comprises the following steps:
(1) Washing the cut enthusiasm fruit leaves with distilled water, airing, and grinding into powder to obtain a component 1;
(2) Adding distilled water (the mass ratio of the component 1 to the distilled water is 1:10-20) into the component 1, heating at 55 ℃ for 15min, filtering, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain a component 2;
(3) Passing the component 2 through strong acid cation exchange resin, eluting with deionized water, discarding the eluent, eluting with ethanol, and recovering solvent to obtain a component 3;
(4) And adding chitosan into the component 3 to obtain the antifreezing agent. Preferably, the mass ratio of the component 3 to the chitosan is 10:1
Test example 2
Step 1, planting for 3-4 months, applying drought-resistant biological agents to 10 g/plant, uniformly mixing the drought-resistant biological agents into soil, and planting enthusiastic seedlings to 10 g/plant in the treated soil; preferably, the drought-resistant biological agent comprises bacillus subtilis, bacillus thuringiensis, bacillus licheniformis and paenibacillus polymyxa in a mass ratio of 2:5:4:1.
And 2, before 10 months, paving straws around the enthusiasm fruit plants with the plants as the center and with the radius of 0.5m, and wrapping two layers of shading nets around the plants under the condition of being conditional, wherein the height is 1-1.5m.
And 3, at the bottom of 10 months, cutting off all branches and leaves on the passion fruit seedlings, only keeping the main branches, spraying an antifreezing agent once every half month until the climate is warmed up in the beginning of 2 months of the next year.
The preparation method of the antifreezing agent comprises the following steps:
(1) Washing the cut enthusiasm fruit leaves with distilled water, airing, and grinding into powder to obtain a component 1;
(2) Adding distilled water into the component 1 (the mass ratio of the component 1 to the distilled water is 1:15), heating at 60 ℃ for 20min, filtering, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain a component 2;
(3) Passing the component 2 through strong acid cation exchange resin, eluting with deionized water, discarding the eluent, eluting with ethanol, and recovering solvent to obtain a component 3;
(4) And adding chitosan into the component 3 to obtain the antifreezing agent. Preferably, the mass ratio of the component 3 to the chitosan is 15:1.
Test example 3
Step 1, planting for 3-4 months, applying drought-resistant biological agents to 10 g/plant, uniformly mixing the drought-resistant biological agents into soil, and planting enthusiastic seedlings to 10 g/plant in the treated soil; preferably, the drought-resistant biological agent comprises bacillus subtilis, bacillus thuringiensis, bacillus licheniformis and paenibacillus polymyxa in a mass ratio of 2:5:4:1.
And 2, before 10 months, paving straws around the enthusiasm fruit plants with the plants as the center and with the radius of 0.5m, and wrapping two layers of shading nets around the plants under the condition of being conditional, wherein the height is 1-1.5m.
And 3, at the bottom of 10 months, cutting off all branches and leaves on the passion fruit seedlings, only keeping the main branches, spraying an antifreezing agent once every half month until the climate is warmed up in the beginning of 2 months of the next year.
The preparation method of the antifreezing agent comprises the following steps:
(1) Washing the cut enthusiasm fruit leaves with distilled water, airing, and grinding into powder to obtain a component 1;
(2) Adding distilled water (the mass ratio of the component 1 to the distilled water is 1:20) into the component 1, heating at 70 ℃ for 25min, filtering, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain a component 2;
(3) Passing the component 2 through strong acid cation exchange resin, eluting with deionized water, discarding the eluent, eluting with ethanol, and recovering solvent to obtain a component 3;
(4) And adding chitosan into the component 3 to obtain the antifreezing agent. Preferably, the mass ratio of the component 3 to the chitosan is 20:1.
Comparative example 1
The invention patent of China with the application number of 201910775710.4 discloses a passion fruit overwintering method, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Pruning branches: and (3) cutting off all the branches and leaves on the passion fruit seedlings, and only keeping the main vines.
(2) Preparing plant ash: and (5) taking the miscellaneous tree and the wild grass, and sintering the plant ash.
(3) Preparing mortar slurry: taking the plant ash prepared in the step (2), and mixing the plant ash with the following steps: the weight ratio of the yellow mud is 1:5, adding yellow mud in proportion, adding water to prepare mortar slurry, and adding water to ensure that the mortar slurry is fluid and can be sprayed out of the spray gun.
(4) Spraying the mixture on branches: spraying the stucco slurry obtained in the step (3) on the main vines of the passion fruits by using a spray gun, and spraying for 3 times after the stucco slurry on the main vines is dried.
(5) And (3) covering a film: after all the main vines are coated with the plaster slurry, plastic films are covered on the passion fruit frames to prevent heavy rain or ice and snow water from flushing the plaster slurry on the main vines.
Survival rates and yields of the enthusiastic fruits planted in test examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 1 were counted in the first year and yields in the second and third years after planting, respectively.
| Project | Test example 1 | Test example 2 | Test example 3 | Comparative example 1 |
| Survival rate (%) | 92 | 95 | 90 | 75 |
| First year yield (kg/mu) | 1250 | 1300 | 1050 | 850 |
| Second year yield (kg/mu) | 1400 | 1550 | 1300 | 1000 |
| Third year yield (kg/mu) | 3000 | 3050 | 2800 | 2000 |
The drought-resistant biological agent is applied during field planting, and comprises bacillus subtilis, bacillus thuringiensis, bacillus licheniformis and paenibacillus polymyxa, so that the soil structure can be improved in the growth process of enthusiasm fruit plants, organic matters in the soil can be decomposed, available nutrients in the soil can be increased, water storage and energy storage of the soil can be improved, meanwhile, the abundance and composition of microbial communities related to root systems of the enthusiasm fruits can be influenced, the effectiveness of soil nitrogen can be further influenced, the nitrogen loss in the soil can be effectively reduced, and the drought resistance and barren tolerance of the enthusiasm fruits can be improved.
The enthusiasm fruit leaves contain alkaloids, the enthusiasm fruit leaves can be extracted by the method of the invention, and then the combined effect of chitosan is added, so that a layer of film containing the alkaloids can be formed on the surfaces of enthusiasm fruit plants, the film can reduce the transpiration effect, enhance the cold resistance of the enthusiasm fruits, and has good anti-freezing effect on the enthusiasm fruits, and the gel layer is rich in the alkaloids, so that the enthusiasm fruits can be in frosty night, the air temperature reducing speed is slowed down, the main vine temperature of the enthusiasm fruits is prevented from being reduced too fast, and the good frost prevention and anti-freezing effects are achieved. The antifreezing agent is prepared from the sheared enthusiasm fruit leaves, so that the cost can be reduced, the enthusiasm fruit leaves can be recycled, and the antifreezing agent is prepared, and has remarkable antifreezing effect.
The method can reduce the occurrence of enthusiasm jelly and improve drought resistance and barren resistance, thereby enlarging suitable planting areas, reducing fertilizer application amount, reducing economic loss and having good economic and ecological benefits.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present disclosure describes embodiments, not every embodiment is provided with a separate embodiment, and that this description is provided for clarity only, and that the disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in detail below, and that the embodiments described in the examples may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments that will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Claims (5)
1. A method for improving drought resistance, freezing resistance and barren resistance of passion fruits, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, planting for 3-4 months, firstly uniformly mixing drought-resistant biological agents into soil, and then planting enthusiastic seedlings into the treated soil;
step 2, paving straws around the enthusiasm fruit plants by taking the plants as the center before 10 ten days in month;
and 3, at the bottom of 10 months, cutting off all branches and leaves on the passion fruit seedlings, only keeping the main branches, spraying an antifreezing agent once every half month until the climate is warmed up in the beginning of 2 months of the next year.
2. The method for improving drought resistance, freezing resistance and barren resistance of passion fruits according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1, the drought-resistant biological agent comprises bacillus subtilis, bacillus thuringiensis, bacillus licheniformis and paenibacillus polymyxa.
3. The method for improving drought resistance, freezing resistance and barren resistance of passion fruits according to claim 2, wherein the mass ratio of bacillus thuringiensis, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis and paenibacillus polymyxa is 2:5:4:1.
4. The method for improving drought resistance, freezing resistance and barren resistance of passion fruits according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the antifreezing agent comprises the following steps:
(1) Washing the cut enthusiasm fruit leaves with distilled water, airing, and grinding into powder to obtain a component 1;
(2) Adding distilled water into component 1, heating at 55-70deg.C for 15-25min, filtering, and concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain component 2;
(3) Passing component 2 through strong acid type or weak acid type cation exchange resin, eluting with deionized water, discarding eluent, eluting with ethanol, and recovering solvent to obtain component 3;
(4) And adding chitosan into the component 3 to obtain the antifreezing agent.
5. The method for improving the drought resistance, the freezing resistance and the barren resistance of passion fruits according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the mass ratio of the component 3 to the chitosan is 10-20:1.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202410071048.5A CN117770050A (en) | 2024-01-18 | 2024-01-18 | Method for improving drought resistance, freezing resistance and barren resistance of passion fruits |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202410071048.5A CN117770050A (en) | 2024-01-18 | 2024-01-18 | Method for improving drought resistance, freezing resistance and barren resistance of passion fruits |
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| CN202410071048.5A Pending CN117770050A (en) | 2024-01-18 | 2024-01-18 | Method for improving drought resistance, freezing resistance and barren resistance of passion fruits |
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