CN106386387A

CN106386387A - Irrigation technique for grapes

Info

Publication number: CN106386387A
Application number: CN201510465498.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李尧
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2015-07-31
Filing date: 2015-07-31
Publication date: 2017-02-15

Abstract

The invention discloses an irrigation method for grapes. The irrigation method comprises the steps of dissolving fertilizers in water, carrying out irrigation, carrying out irrigation twice at a germination stage in spring, carrying out irrigation twice at a blossoming and fruit setting stage, carrying out irrigation for 2 to 3 times at a fruit swelling stage, carrying out irrigation for 3 times at a berry ripening stage, and carrying out irrigation once after harvesting. By using the irrigation method disclosed by the invention, the nutrient availability can be improved; the nutrient absorption of the grapes is enhanced; the supply volume of the fertilizers and water is reduced; the loss of moisture and nutrients is reduced; the damage to root systems and leaves of the grapes caused by saline matters is prevented; the hardening of soil is reduced; and the infestation caused by weeds, the pollution to underground water caused by the fertilizers, and the like are reduced.

Description

A kind of grape irrigation technology

Technical field

The invention belongs to agricultural technology field is and in particular to a kind of grape irrigation technology.

Background technology

Grape is a kind of warm fruit tree of happiness, and cold-resistant ability is poor.Only the temperature rises to just starting when 10 DEG C to grow, the most suitable Growth temperature is more than 18 DEG C.The temperature that wherein budding period needs is relatively low to be 10～12 DEG C, the temperature that flower bud differentiation period requires Higher, optimum temperature is 25～30 DEG C, if temperature is less than 14 DEG C of normally blooming impact grape.The suitable temperature in maturity period Spend for 28～32 DEG C, temperature is less than 15 DEG C of fruits can not be fully ripe.For winter temperature lower ground area, in grape The generation preventing freeze injury is should be noted, the ability that particularly root system of grape resists cold is poor, typically at -10 DEG C about when surviving the winter When some kinds can endure cold it should be noted that protecting.Grape is that happiness is dry avoids wet plant, and general annual rainfall is in 600～800 millis Meter area is most suitable for Developing Grape.But the main viny region of China, rainy season focuses mostly between the autumn in summer, and now temperature is relatively Height, most fruits enter the berry maturity period, easily cause dehiscent fruit or other disease, reduce the yield and quality of grape.And Rainfall is little, has water to pour the plantation that the deep area of condition, soil layer is well suited to grape again.

Water is indispensable resource during grape produces.Rational Irrigation is the Main Means of grape yield increasing, but surface irrigation Efficiency of water application is extremely low, and the utilization rate with fertilizer practice fertilizer therewith is also very low, cause greatly to waste and Environmental pollution.Meanwhile, the problem with water scarcity is more and more prominent, if a kind of irrigation technique can be had to solve State problem, merit attention.

Content of the invention

Goal of the invention：For the problems of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of grape irrigation technology.

Technical scheme：The invention discloses a kind of grape irrigation method,

Grape is the drought-enduring fruit tree of comparison, but needs the water phase to pour water just can to obtain high yield and more excellent in arid season and grape in good time The product of matter.Grape has 4 to need the water critical period.

One is the budding period.Because resting state just terminates, in soil and plant body, easily temporary transient water deficit occurs, and And rudiment and the substantial amounts of moisture of young sprout growth needs.This phase moisture supply is not enough, will result in germination rate decline, rudiment not whole Together, young sprout poor growth, the low phenomenon of fruit-setting rate.

Two is berry expansion period.Bloom after bearing fruit, berry enters cell division phase, the life to berry of the water regime of this phase Long growth plays the role of important, water deficit such as, by the cell division of obvious suppression berry with expand, causes product Amount declines.Meanwhile, berry expansion period is also the vigorous period of bud differentiation, and insufficient water can affect the number of bud differentiation Amount and quality, the yield of impact next year.

After three are fruit harvesting, because tree body consumes substantial amounts of nutrient and moisture, should supplement in time, otherwise impact be planted The germination rate survived the winter with next year of strain.

Four be survive the winter before, need soil burial winter protection.Pour jelly water before and after soil burial winter protection, can obviously improve in soil and plant body Water regime, be conducive to plant survive the winter and next year rudiment.

This method is that fertilizer is soluble in water, is watered, and waters 2 times in the budding period in spring, in the pouring of flowering fruit phase 2 times, fruit expanding period is watered 2～3 times, and the berry maturity period waters 3 times, waters 1 time after results.

Described fertilizer contains ammonium hydrogen sulfate, calcium sulfate and one-lime phosphate.Described fertilizer with the quality proportioning of water is：Sulphur Sour hydrogen ammonium 7～17%, calcium sulfate 6～8%, one-lime phosphate 5～10%, water 65～82%.

The amount of irrigation is every time：5 kgs/acre.

First 15～20 days of harvesting, stops irrigating.

Beneficial effect：Using irrigation method of the present invention, nutrient availability can be improved；Strengthen grape to nutrient Absorption；Reduce the supply of fertilizer and water；Reduce the loss of moisture and nutrient；Stop salinity to grape root system and blade Injury；Reduce the hardened of soil；Reduce the invasion of weeds, reduce fertilizer to pollution of underground water etc..

Specific embodiment：

Embodiment 1

By the fertilizer containing ammonium hydrogen sulfate, calcium sulfate and one-lime phosphate, soluble in water by proportioning, obtain irrigation water.? Budding period in spring water 2 times, 3 kgs/acre every time, the flowering fruit phase water 2 times, 3 kgs/acre every time, fruit Expanding stage waters 3 times, and 5 kgs/acre every time, the berry maturity period waters 3 times, 5 kgs/acre every time, waters after receiving 1 time, 8 kgs/acre every time.First 15～20 days of harvesting, stops irrigating.

Embodiment 2

By the fertilizer containing ammonium hydrogen sulfate, calcium sulfate and one-lime phosphate, soluble in water by proportioning, obtain irrigation water.? Budding period in spring water 2 times, 3 kgs/acre every time, the flowering fruit phase water 2 times, 5 kgs/acre every time, fruit Expanding stage waters 2 times, and 5 kgs/acre every time, the berry maturity period waters 3 times, 5 kgs/acre every time, waters after receiving 1 time, 8 kgs/acre every time.First 15～20 days of harvesting, stops irrigating.

Embodiment 3

By the fertilizer containing ammonium hydrogen sulfate, calcium sulfate and one-lime phosphate, soluble in water by proportioning, obtain irrigation water.? Budding period in spring water 2 times, 3 kgs/acre every time, the flowering fruit phase water 2 times, 5 kgs/acre every time, fruit Expanding stage waters 3 times, and 5 kgs/acre every time, the berry maturity period waters 3 times, 8 kgs/acre every time, waters after receiving 1 time, 8 kgs/acre every time.First 15～20 days of harvesting, stops irrigating.

After being irrigated using this method, its economic benefit is as shown in the table：

	Volume increase (kg/ mu)	Save chemical fertilizer (kg/ mu)	Save man-hour (individual)	Cost-saving synergistic (unit/mu)
					Embodiment 1	350	13.5	4	1719
Embodiment 2	321	12.5	4	1658
					Embodiment 3	333	13.1	4	1666

Claims

1. a kind of grape irrigation method it is characterised in that fertilizer is soluble in water, is watered, in the pouring of budding period in spring 2 times, water 2 times in the flowering fruit phase, fruit expanding period is watered 2～3 times, the berry maturity period waters 3 times, after results Pouring 1 time.

2. irrigation method as claimed in claim 1 it is characterised in that described fertilizer contain ammonium hydrogen sulfate, calcium sulfate and One-lime phosphate.

3. irrigation method as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that described fertilizer with the quality proportioning of water is：Sulfuric acid Hydrogen ammonium 7～17%, calcium sulfate 6～8%, one-lime phosphate 5～10%, water 65～82%.

4. irrigation method as claimed in claim 1 is it is characterised in that the amount of each irrigation is：3～8 kgs/acre.

5. irrigation method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that harvesting first 15～20 days, stops irrigating.