CN106688586A - Solution for overwintering long-harvesting cucumber spring empty seedlings - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of crop cultivation, and particularly relates to a solution for overwintering long-harvesting cucumber spring empty seedlings. In order to solve the overwintering long-harvesting cucumber spring empty seedling problem, the solution for the overwintering long-harvesting cucumber spring empty seedlings is characterized by comprising the steps of raising the temperature properly, thinning out flowers in time and strengthening water and fertilizer management. The solution has the advantages that the cucumber empty seedling time can be shortened to the maximum extent and shortened to 7-15 d, and the yield and benefits are obviously increased.

Description

A kind of one big batch of solution of cucumber spring sky seedling of surviving the winter

Technical field

The invention belongs to technical field of crop cultivation, and in particular to a kind of one big batch of solution of cucumber spring sky seedling of surviving the winter Method.

Background technology

In one big batch of cucumber production of day-light greenhouse overwintering in recent years, during mid or late Febuary to March early and middle ten dayses, generally There is cucumber plant production and be unable to normal growth, its growing point position is mostly less than half expansion blade of surrounding, plant top Internode substantially shortens, and blade tightens, and occurs " flower is pinched " phenomenon around severe patient growing point, it is impossible to normally bloom, tie melon.Continue Time short 20d or so, reachable 40d long, have had a strong impact on the yield and benefit of cucumber, and local vegetable grower is referred to as cucumber sky Seedling.Study and grope by nearly 10 year, have found the main cause of cucumber sky seedling and take a series of technical measures, At present, the cucumber sky seedling time can be to greatest extent reduced, the cucumber sky seedling time is shortened to 7~10d, Yield and quality and effect Benefit is significantly improved.

The occurrence cause of cucumber sky seedling：1st, after staying the excessive cucumber sky seedling phenomenon of melon to be frequently experienced in the Spring Festival, because " double Cucumber price is higher during section ".In order to improve the yield before section, vegetable grower often takes improper measure：One is to stay melon many.Every energy The melon sat all is left, and unnecessary female flower is not also extractd.Two is to harvest not in time.Continue soaring sometimes for price of waiting, The melon for having grown up to is stayed on melon seedling, fresh-keeping on melon seedling in this incorrect method, the masses are referred to as " pendant seedling ".So The result done, has just broken the balance of plant vegetative growth and reproductive growth, causes the organic nutrition of plant in a short time to consume It is many.If pendant seedling is serious so that nutrient growth is substantially weak, normal plants are have impact on, empty seedling phenomenon occur.

2nd, in improper fertilization production, there is " many, random, miscellaneous " phenomenon in vegetable grower's fertilising.Excessive use chemical fertilizer, especially compound Fertilizer, wherein not only a great number of elements excess, trace element is also serious, and excessively fertilizer damage is serious so that field soil solution concentration is too high, Plant root is caused to be damaged.The tip of a root is shown as in rust or local necrosis, makes Root Absorption reduced capability, influence plant is normal Growth.Cause cucumber yield peak period that empty seedling phenomenon occurs after the Spring Festival, yield is decreased obviously.

3rd, go and buy Chinese medicine excessive, during cucumber in solar-greenhouse is survived the winter, if warm indoor envirobnmental control is bad, disease easily occurs. Number vegetable grower big absolutely has limitation in disease understanding, only focuses on chemical prevention, and ignores agricultural measures.Between being mainly shown as dispenser Every the time is short, concentration severe overweight, bactericide being caused using excessive, forming poisoning, it is uneven that plant leaf becomes shrinkage, photosynthetic machine Can decline.Along with disorderly steroids agricultural chemicals is applied, cucumber plant disorder is caused so that cucumber growth point is unable to normal growth.

4th, water improper, vegetable grower waters and neither notes weather conditions, the profit that also it does not water by plant strain growth law-analysing Disadvantage relation.If running into the influence of the adverse weathers such as successive cloudy days, low temperature, strong cold current after watering so that ground temperature is less than 12 DEG C in greenhouse, Relative moisture of the soil is higher than 85%, will result in cucumber and macerates root.The normal growth of root system is inhibited, to Cucumis sativus stem, leaf, Flower, the influence of fruit normal growth are also very large.

5th, in recent years, to reduce production cost, part vegetable grower has selected relatively thin straw mat to greenhouse heat-insulating effect difference so that temperature Room heat-insulating property reduction.When continuous low temperature, cloudy day or mist snowy day gas is run into, the minimum temperature in greenhouse is less than 8 DEG C, and cucumber The minimum temperature yielded positive results needed for phase normal growth is 8 DEG C.This adverse weather continues 5~7d, plant can be caused aggrieved, root System and leaf growth are severely impacted, and nutrient growth is bad, and reproductive growth is also suppressed.

The content of the invention

In order to solve the problems, such as above-mentioned one big batch of cucumber spring sky seedling of surviving the winter, the present invention provides one kind and survives the winter one big batch of cucumber The solution of spring sky seedling, it is characterised in that：

A, appropriate temperature raising, bring up to 30~32 DEG C daytime as far as possible, are conducive to indoor reduction air relative when high temperature leaks informaton Humidity, night minimum temperature is controlled at 13 DEG C, keeps 3d or so, promotes plant vegetative growth.

B, timely flower thinning, extract a large amount of female flowers or small melon knob assembled at growing point, suppress plant reproductive growth and cross Sheng.

C, reinforcement water and fertilizer management, urea is imposed by the consumption of 60m greenhouse 10kg, 80m long greenhouse 12kg long, is poured after fertilising Water, meanwhile, can also the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of foliage-spray 0.3% or 0.6% Bao Lifeng solution.

Beneficial effect of the present invention：The present invention can to greatest extent reduce the cucumber sky seedling time, the cucumber sky seedling time is contracted 7~15d is short to, yield and benefit are significantly improved.

Specific embodiment

In one big batch of cucumber production of day-light greenhouse overwintering in recent years, during mid or late Febuary to March early and middle ten dayses, generally There is cucumber plant production and be unable to normal growth, its growing point position is mostly less than half expansion blade of surrounding, plant top Internode substantially shortens, and blade tightens, and occurs " flower is pinched " phenomenon around severe patient growing point, it is impossible to normally bloom, tie melon.

The technical measures of prevention cucumber sky seedling：

Melon rationally is stayed, the cucumber of normal growth, every plant of melon seedling stays more suitable, the unnecessary female flower of large, medium and small, young 4 melons All to extract.The melon for reaching commercial standards will be harvested in time, it is to avoid use the pendant this form of seedling on melon seedling fresh-keeping, to keep Cucumber plant nutrient growth and the balance of reproductive growth.

Autotelic fertilising, according to cucumber plant growing way, purposefully applied nitrogen, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and micro- fertilizer, and will Note the content of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium.Fertilization principle is：Because of seedling management, see that seedling applies fertilizer, what lacks, what is mended, it is a small amount of repeatedly to apply.When There is 15%~20% melon seedling growing point occur to be less than when partly launch leaf it is necessary to judge the fertilizer damage what fertilizer is caused in time According to there is the degree of fertilizer damage, judge in time, and propose corresponding measure.15~20d should be grasped in the fertilising of this stage A water is poured, every time list canopy (80m × 6m=480m²) nitrogen, phosphorus, Potassium Fertilizer Application total amount general control is in below 30kg.Cucumber winter Should every 7~10d spray a foliar fertilizer, be advisable with 0.6% Bao Lifeng or 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate.

Scientific prevention and cure disease, regulates the epidemic disaster in greenhouse, and creation is conducive to plant strain growth without occurring beneficial to disease Environmental condition.Crop itself resistance is improved, crop is not fallen ill or is fallen ill less, so as to reduce pesticide dosage.Daytime big portion Indoor relative humidity tries one's best control within 70% between timesharing, creates an indoor conditions for being not suitable for morbidity.To suit the medicine to the illness simultaneously Medication, in strict accordance with each pesticide species concentration requirement use, and it is noted that the medication interval phase in 10~15d mono- It is secondary.

See that day waters, to be forecast with reference to day, the selection fine day morning waters, and to have the fine day of 3~4d after watering, with sharp greenhouse Dissipate wet.Running into water but when weather condition is unfavorable, can not pour and not pour as far as possible, and after preventing from watering, ground temperature is low in greenhouse, field Water-holding capacity is big, causes to macerate root.

Increase greenhouse heat-insulating performance, appropriate to increase straw mat thickness and piece number, general straw mat thickness will reach more than 4cm, single Sheet weight will reach more than 45kg, and 80m greenhouses long will cover 90, and 60m greenhouses long will cover 70, to strengthen greenhouse heat-insulating effect Really, in the case of successive cloudy days, indoor temperature will reach more than 8 DEG C.

Heliogreenhouse to there is empty seedling can be managed as follows：

1st, appropriate temperature raising, brings up to 30~32 DEG C daytime as far as possible, is conducive to indoor reduction air relative when high temperature leaks informaton Humidity.Night minimum temperature is controlled at 13 DEG C, keeps 3d or so, promotes plant vegetative growth.

2nd, timely flower thinning, extracts a large amount of female flowers or small melon knob assembled at growing point, suppresses plant reproductive growth and crosses Sheng.

3rd, strengthen water and fertilizer management, urea is imposed by the consumption of 60m greenhouse 10kg, 80m long greenhouse 12kg long, poured after fertilising Water.Meanwhile, can also the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of foliage-spray 0.3% or 0.6% Bao Lifeng solution.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of solution of one big batch of cucumber spring sky seedling of surviving the winter, it is characterised in that：

A, appropriate temperature raising, bring up to 30~32 DEG C daytime as far as possible, and indoor reduction relative air humidity is conducive to when high temperature leaks informaton, Night minimum temperature is controlled at 13 DEG C, keeps 3d or so, promotes plant vegetative growth.

B, timely flower thinning, extract a large amount of female flowers or small melon knob assembled at growing point, suppress plant reproductive growth and cross Sheng.

C, reinforcement water and fertilizer management, urea is imposed by the consumption of 60m greenhouse 10kg, 80m long greenhouse 12kg long, is watered after fertilising, together When, can also the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of foliage-spray 0.3% or 0.6% Bao Lifeng solution.