CN106818006B - Water and fertilizer integrated fertilizing method for kiwi fruits - Google Patents
Water and fertilizer integrated fertilizing method for kiwi fruits Download PDFInfo
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- CN106818006B CN106818006B CN201710010142.XA CN201710010142A CN106818006B CN 106818006 B CN106818006 B CN 106818006B CN 201710010142 A CN201710010142 A CN 201710010142A CN 106818006 B CN106818006 B CN 106818006B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G29/00—Root feeders; Injecting fertilisers into the roots
Abstract
The invention provides a kiwi fruit water and fertilizer integrated fertilization method, which comprises the following steps: applying a fertilizer before germination in early spring; applying a fruit promoting fertilizer within 5-30 days after flower falling; applying fruit strengthening fertilizer within 5-30 days after fruiting; after picking fruits, applying winter fertilizer; the fertilizing method of the pre-emergence fertilizer, the fruit promoting fertilizer, the fruit strengthening fertilizer or the overwintering fertilizer comprises the following steps: dissolving the fertilizers in water, and dripping the fertilizer water into the root area of the kiwi fruit along with a drip irrigation facility. The method has reasonable fertilizer proportion, combines organic fertilizer with inorganic fertilizer and microbial fertilizer, and applies fertilizer with macroelements and medium-trace elements in proportion, so that the total amount, proportion and form of the fertilizer meet the absorption characteristics and rules of kiwi fruits. The method reasonably performs fertilization and irrigation according to the growth period of the kiwi fruits, meets the requirements of nutrition demand periods on nutrition and moisture, enables the synergistic interaction among nutrients to be stronger, improves the utilization rate of the fertilizer, reduces the labor intensity and improves the working efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a water and fertilizer integrated fertilization method for kiwi fruits, and belongs to the technical field of kiwi fruit planting.
Background
Actinidia perennial deciduous vine. The overground part: the growth amount of branches is large, and the speed is high; the leaves are large, the cuticle of the leaves is thin, and the stomata are opened for a long time, so that the evaporation amount of water in the overground part of the leaves is large. An underground part: the fleshy root system is shallow in vertical distribution in soil, wide in horizontal distribution, free of obvious backbone roots, developed in fibrous roots and has rooting peaks for 5-7 months and 9-11 months each year. Fruit part: the fruit vinegar has high vitamin content, rich mineral nutrition and more soluble solids than common fruits, so the fruit vinegar has the reputation of 'king of fruits' and 'crown of vitamins'. The characteristics determine that the kiwi fruit needs a stricter growing environment than other common fruit trees. The kiwi fruit is suitable for growing in soil with deep soil layer, high organic matter content, looseness, air permeability, drought resistance in drainage, fertility, impoverishment, waterlogging, moisture preference and subacidity to neutral loam environment, so as to adapt to the characteristics of shallow root and large transpiration moisture content and meet the requirements of nutrition type diversification and enrichment of kiwi fruit.
In addition, the kiwi fruit is a tree species with weak physiological drought tolerance, has strict requirements on soil moisture and air humidity, and is suitable for the growth of the kiwi fruit in an environment with annual precipitation of 1000-1200 mm and air relative humidity of more than 75 percent under general conditions. When the water content is insufficient, the growth of the branch tips of the kiwi fruits is hindered, the leaves become small, the leaf edges are withered, and the problems of leaf falling, fruit falling and the like are caused sometimes.
At present, most of kiwi fruit fertilizing methods are applied with chemical fertilizers, the nutrition proportion is single, and long-time use of the kiwi fruit fertilizing methods can cause soil acidification and hardening, so that the kiwi fruit tree vigor is weak, and the fruit quality is low. Patent document CN 103804047A discloses a special fertilizer for actinidia chinensis and a fertilizing method, the method combines organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer, and adds active bacteria, which is a better fertilizing scheme, but potassium sulfate in the formula can be acidified and hardened after being applied for a long time, and absorption and utilization of calcium elements by actinidia chinensis root systems can be reduced; patent document CN 104584756A discloses a fertilizing method for kiwi fruit planting, which only contains bio-organic fertilizer and trace elements, and lacks of addition of large and medium elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur, etc., which is not beneficial to the improvement of kiwi fruit yield and quality, and the fertilizing method is time-consuming and labor-consuming, and has a large labor cost.
In addition, the fertilization methods in the patent documents related to the kiwi fruit fertilization method at present are all ditching fertilization, time and labor are wasted, the working efficiency is low, the labor cost is huge, and the fertilization method can not meet the requirement of the kiwi fruit for moisture in the growth period. Through Chinese patent database search system query, no application or related literature publication of the kiwi fruit water and fertilizer integrated fertilization method is found at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the integrated water and fertilizer fertilization method for the kiwi fruits, which is reasonable in nutrition proportion, capable of simultaneously fertilizing water and fertilizer, capable of meeting the requirements of the kiwi fruits for nutrients and water in each nutrition demand period, low in cost, simple in fertilization method and capable of greatly saving labor.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a kiwi fruit water and fertilizer integrated fertilization method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, applying a pre-germination fertilizer before germination in early spring;
s2, applying a fruit promoting fertilizer within 5-30 days after flower falling;
s3, applying fruit strengthening fertilizer within 5-30 days after fruiting;
s4, after fruit picking, winter fertilization is carried out; the overwintering fertilizer comprises a commercial organic fertilizer and a low-nitrogen high-phosphorus low-potassium fertilizer;
the fertilizing method of the pre-emergence fertilizer, the fruit promoting fertilizer, the fruit strengthening fertilizer or the overwintering fertilizer comprises the following steps: the commercial organic fertilizer in the overwintering fertilizer adopts a method of digging a pit and burying the pit in a tree tray; the rest fertilizers are dissolved in water and drip irrigation facilities drop the fertilizer water into the root area of the kiwi fruit.
Preferably, in step S1, the pre-emergence fertilizer includes a high nitrogen phosphorus potassium fertilizer and a microbial liquid; the fertilizing amount is 10-40 kg/mu of high nitrogen phosphorus potassium fertilizer and 5-30L/mu of microbial liquid.
Preferably, in the high nitrogen phosphorus potassium fertilizer, the mass percent of nitrogen element is 40%, the mass percent of phosphorus element is 15%, and the mass percent of potassium element is 8%; the microbial liquid contains beneficial bacteria which are not less than 3 hundred million/ml, organic matter which is not less than 15% in mass percentage, and the total mass percentage of CaO, MgO, B, Fe, Zn, Cu and Mn which is not less than 10%. After the microbial inoculum is applied to soil, soil probiotics can be rapidly supplemented, soil beneficial flora is activated, the soil micro-ecological environment is restored, soil is loosened and ventilated, water and fertilizer retention capacity is enhanced, a good growth environment is provided for root systems, root system growth is facilitated, and a foundation is laid for full absorption of fertilizer water in the later period.
After the soil is unfrozen and sap flows in spring, the tree body starts to move, and fertilizer before sprouting is applied in the period is favorable for sprouting and flowering, and growth of new shoots is promoted.
Preferably, in step S2, the fruit fertilizer includes a calcium magnesium fertilizer and a macroelement water-soluble fertilizer; the fertilizing amount is 10-40 kg/mu of calcium magnesium fertilizer, and 200 ml/mu of macroelement water-soluble fertilizer.
Preferably, in the calcium-magnesium fertilizer, the mass percent of calcium element is 12%, the mass percent of magnesium element is 7% and the mass percent of nitrogen element is 15%; in the macroelement water-soluble fertilizer, N is more than or equal to 60g/L, P2O5≥240g/L、K2O is more than or equal to 250g/L, algal polysaccharide is more than or equal to 1000 ppm. The nutrients such as algal polysaccharide can improve the sugar content of fruits and the content of vitamin B, C, improve the freshness and storage resistance of fruits and vegetables, prolong the harvesting period of the fruits and vegetables, andcan be matured in advance for 7-10 days.
The period 30-40 days after flower falling is the rapid expansion period of kiwi fruit, the fruit grows rapidly in this period, the volume is increased rapidly, and the expansion of kiwi fruit is hindered due to fertilizer deficiency.
Preferably, in step S3, the fruit-strengthening fertilizer comprises medium-nitrogen high-potassium fertilizer and water-soluble organic carbon fertilizer; the fertilizing amount is 10-40 kg/mu of medium-nitrogen high-potassium fertilizer and 20-60 kg/mu of water-soluble organic carbon fertilizer.
Preferably, in the medium-nitrogen high-potassium fertilizer, the mass percent of nitrogen elements is 12%, the mass percent of phosphorus elements is 6%, and the mass percent of potassium elements is 40%; the water-soluble organic carbon fertilizer comprises the following components in percentage by mass: NPK is more than or equal to 15 percent, and organic matter is more than or equal to 70 percent.
Preferably, the fertilizing method further comprises the step of spraying calcium fertilizer on the leaf surfaces in the fruiting period of the step S3; the content of calcium element in the calcium fertilizer is more than or equal to 130 g/L; the spraying amount of the calcium fertilizer is 200-800 times, and the dilution multiple of the calcium fertilizer is 600 ml/mu.
The effect of applying the strong fruit fertilizer is to fill the interior of the fruit, increase the weight of the single fruit and improve the quality. The foliage sprayed calcium fertilizer can also enhance the storage property of the fruits.
Preferably, in step S4, the overwintering fertilizer comprises commercial organic fertilizer and low-nitrogen high-phosphorus low-potassium fertilizer; the fertilizing amount is 500 kg/mu of commercial organic fertilizer 100-.
Preferably, in the commercial organic fertilizer, the number of viable bacteria is more than or equal to 2 hundred million/g, and the mass content of organic matters is more than or equal to 65%; in the low-nitrogen high-phosphorus low-potassium fertilizer, the mass percent of nitrogen element is 6%, the mass percent of phosphorus element is 30% and the mass percent of potassium element is 6%.
After fruit picking, a large amount of nutrition is lost in the leaves, and at the moment, the supply of tree body nutrients is particularly important, so that the application of the overwintering fertilizer can promote the nutrient to flow back to roots and stems, and the nutrient storage is increased.
The method of applying fertilizer with drip irrigation facility and water in the invention saves labor and water, improves the utilization rate of fertilizer and can improve the quality of fruit.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) the fertilizer disclosed by the invention is reasonable in proportion, the organic fertilizer is combined with the inorganic fertilizer and the microbial fertilizer, and the macroelements and the medium-trace elements are applied in proportion, so that the total amount, proportion and form of the fertilizer accord with the absorption characteristics and rules of the kiwi fruit, and the restriction bottleneck of improving the quality of the kiwi fruit is eliminated. By adopting a water and fertilizer integrated fertilization mode, the fertilizer is reasonably fertilized and irrigated according to the growth period of the kiwi fruits, the requirements of nutrition demand periods on nutrition and moisture are met, the synergistic interaction between nutrients is stronger, the fertilizer utilization rate is improved, the labor intensity is reduced, and the working efficiency is improved.
2) The invention has the advantages of low investment cost, reduced labor input, high working efficiency, high fertilizer utilization rate, obvious yield increasing and quality improving effects and suitability for large-area popularization.
3) By adopting the method of the invention to fertilize the kiwi fruit tree, the new shoot length is obviously increased, thereby being beneficial to improving the photosynthesis of the kiwi fruit and laying a foundation for increasing both production and income; moreover, the single fruit weight and the total yield of the kiwi fruit are obviously increased, the content of soluble sugar and the content of vitamin C are improved, and the quality of the kiwi fruit is greatly improved; can also increase the hardness of the kiwi fruit, improve the storage tolerance of the kiwi fruit and prolong the shelf life.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications can be made by persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
The following embodiment provides a water and fertilizer integrated fertilizing method for kiwi fruits, which comprises the following steps:
s1, applying a pre-germination fertilizer before germination in early spring;
s2, applying a fruit promoting fertilizer within 5-30 days after flower falling;
s3, applying fruit strengthening fertilizer within 5-30 days after fruiting;
s4, after fruit picking, winter fertilization is carried out; the overwintering fertilizer comprises a commercial organic fertilizer and a low-nitrogen high-phosphorus low-potassium fertilizer;
the fertilizing method of the pre-emergence fertilizer, the fruit promoting fertilizer, the fruit strengthening fertilizer or the overwintering fertilizer comprises the following steps: the commercial organic fertilizer in the overwintering fertilizer adopts a method of digging a pit and burying the pit in a tree tray; the rest fertilizers are dissolved in water and drip irrigation facilities drop the fertilizer water into the root area of the kiwi fruit.
In step S1, the pre-emergence fertilizer comprises a high nitrogen phosphorus potassium fertilizer and a microbial liquid; the fertilizing amount is 10-40 kg/mu of high nitrogen phosphorus potassium fertilizer and 5-30L/mu of microbial liquid.
In the high nitrogen phosphorus potassium fertilizer, the mass percent of nitrogen element is 40%, the mass percent of phosphorus element is 15% and the mass percent of potassium element is 8%; the microbial liquid contains beneficial bacteria which are not less than 3 hundred million/ml, organic matter which is not less than 15% in mass percentage, and the total mass percentage of CaO, MgO, B, Fe, Zn, Cu and Mn which is not less than 10%. After the microbial inoculum is applied to soil, soil probiotics can be rapidly supplemented, soil beneficial flora is activated, the soil micro-ecological environment is restored, soil is loosened and ventilated, water and fertilizer retention capacity is enhanced, a good growth environment is provided for root systems, root system growth is facilitated, and a foundation is laid for full absorption of fertilizer water in the later period.
After the soil is unfrozen and sap flows in spring, the tree body starts to move, and fertilizer before sprouting is applied in the period is favorable for sprouting and flowering, and growth of new shoots is promoted.
In the step S2, the fruit promoting fertilizer comprises a calcium magnesium fertilizer and a macroelement water-soluble fertilizer; the fertilizing amount is 10-40 kg/mu of calcium magnesium fertilizer, and 200 ml/mu of macroelement water-soluble fertilizer.
In the calcium-magnesium fertilizer, the mass percentage of calcium element is 12%, the mass percentage of magnesium element is 7% and the mass percentage of nitrogen element is 15%; in the macroelement water-soluble fertilizer, N is more than or equal to 60g/L, P2O5≥240g/L、K2O is more than or equal to 250g/L, algal polysaccharide is more than or equal to 1000 ppm. The nutrients such as algal polysaccharides can improve the sugar content of fruits and the content of vitamin B, C, improve the freshness and storage resistance of fruits and vegetables, prolong the harvesting period of the fruits and vegetables and can mature 7-10 days in advance.
The period 30-40 days after flower falling is the rapid expansion period of kiwi fruit, the fruit grows rapidly in this period, the volume is increased rapidly, and the expansion of kiwi fruit is hindered due to fertilizer deficiency.
In the step S3, the fruit-strengthening fertilizer comprises a medium-nitrogen high-potassium fertilizer and a water-soluble organic carbon fertilizer; the fertilizing amount is 10-40 kg/mu of medium-nitrogen high-potassium fertilizer and 20-60 kg/mu of water-soluble organic carbon fertilizer.
In the medium-nitrogen high-potassium fertilizer, the mass percent of nitrogen element is 12%, the mass percent of phosphorus element is 6%, and the mass percent of potassium element is 40%; the water-soluble organic carbon fertilizer comprises the following components in percentage by mass: NPK is more than or equal to 15 percent, and organic matter is more than or equal to 70 percent.
The fertilizing method also comprises the step of spraying calcium fertilizer on the leaf surfaces in the fruiting period of the step S3; the content of calcium element in the calcium fertilizer is more than or equal to 130 g/L; the spraying amount of the calcium fertilizer is 200-800 times, and the dilution multiple of the calcium fertilizer is 600 ml/mu.
The effect of applying the strong fruit fertilizer is to fill the interior of the fruit, increase the weight of the single fruit and improve the quality. The foliage sprayed calcium fertilizer can also enhance the storage property of the fruits.
In step S4, the overwintering fertilizer comprises a commercial organic fertilizer and a low-nitrogen high-phosphorus low-potassium fertilizer; the fertilizing amount is 500 kg/mu of commercial organic fertilizer 100-.
In the commercial organic fertilizer, the number of viable bacteria is more than or equal to 2 hundred million/g, and the mass content of organic matters is more than or equal to 65 percent; in the low-nitrogen high-phosphorus low-potassium fertilizer, the mass percent of nitrogen element is 6%, the mass percent of phosphorus element is 30% and the mass percent of potassium element is 6%.
After fruit picking, a large amount of nutrition is lost in the leaves, and at the moment, the supply of tree body nutrients is particularly important, so that the application of the overwintering fertilizer can promote the nutrient to flow back to roots and stems, and the nutrient storage is increased.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a kiwi fruit water and fertilizer integrated fertilization method, which comprises the following steps:
1. applying a pre-emergence fertilizer before germination in early spring, wherein the pre-emergence fertilizer specifically comprises 15 kg/mu of high nitrogen phosphorus potassium fertilizer (40-15-8) and 20L/mu of microbial liquid. And (4) dissolving the fertilizer in water by combining spring irrigation water, and dripping the fertilizer water into the root area of the kiwi fruit along with the fertilizer water of the drip irrigation facility.
The high nitrogen phosphorus potassium fertilizer (40-15-8) is a water-soluble fertilizer containing 40% of nitrogen element, 15% of phosphorus element and 8% of potassium element; the microbial liquid is microbial fermentation liquid with beneficial bacteria of 3 hundred million/ml or more, organic matter mass content of 15 percent or more and total mass content of CaO, MgO, B, Fe, Zn, Cu and Mn of 10 percent or more.
2. Applying a fruit promoting fertilizer within 5-30 days after flower falling, wherein the fruit promoting fertilizer specifically comprises 20 kg/mu of calcium magnesium fertilizer and 400 ml/mu of macroelement water-soluble fertilizer. Dissolving the fruit promoting fertilizer in water, and dripping the fruit promoting fertilizer into the root area of the kiwi fruit along with the fertilizer water of the drip irrigation facility.
The calcium magnesium fertilizer (15-0-0-12-7) specifically refers to a fertilizer containing 12% by mass of calcium element, 7% by mass of magnesium element and 15% by mass of nitrogen element; the macroelement water-soluble fertilizer specifically means that N is more than or equal to 60 g/L; p2O5≥240g/L；K2O is more than or equal to 250 g/L; the seaweed polysaccharide is more than or equal to 1000 ppm.
3. And applying strong fruit fertilizer within 5-30 days after fruiting, wherein the strong fruit fertilizer specifically comprises medium-nitrogen high-potassium fertilizer (12-6-40)20 kg/mu, water-soluble organic carbon fertilizer 30 kg/mu, and calcium fertilizer 300 ml/mu is sprayed on the leaf surface. The fruit-strengthening fertilizer is dissolved in water and dripped into the root area of the kiwi fruit along with the fertilizer water of the drip irrigation facility.
The medium-nitrogen high-potassium fertilizer (12-6-40) refers to a fertilizer containing 12 mass percent of nitrogen element, 6 mass percent of phosphorus element and 40 mass percent of potassium element, and the water-soluble organic carbon fertilizer refers to a water-soluble fertilizer containing not less than 15 mass percent of NPK and not less than 70 mass percent of organic matter. The calcium fertilizer refers to a fertilizer with the calcium element content being more than or equal to 130 g/L.
4. After picking fruits, basal application of overwintering fertilizer, wherein the overwintering fertilizer specifically comprises 300 kg/mu of commercial organic fertilizer and 15 kg/mu of low-nitrogen high-phosphorus low-potassium fertilizer (6-30-6). The overwintering fertilizer is dissolved in water and is dripped into the root area of the kiwi fruit along with the fertilizer water of the drip irrigation facility.
The commercial organic fertilizer is an organic fertilizer with 2 hundred million/g of viable bacteria and the mass content of organic matters more than or equal to 65 percent, and the low-nitrogen high-phosphorus low-potassium fertilizer (6-30-6) is a fertilizer with the mass content of nitrogen element of 6 percent, the mass content of phosphorus element of 30 percent and the mass content of potassium element of 6 percent.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 is a comparative example to example 1 except that comparative example 1 did not apply strong fruit fertilizer after the kiwi fruit yielded a result.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 is a comparative example to example 1, except that: in the step 2, the fertilizing amount of the calcium magnesium fertilizer in the applied fruit promoting fertilizer is 50 kg/mu.
Comparative example 3
Comparative example 3 is a comparative example to example 1, except that: in the step 4, the fertilizing amount of the low-nitrogen high-phosphorus low-potassium fertilizer in the applied overwintering fertilizer is 5 kg/mu.
Comparative example 4
This comparative example is that of example 1, only using the conventional fertilization method:
8-10 kg of pure nitrogen, 4kg of pure phosphorus and 4kg of pure potassium are applied to each mu of the germination accelerating fertilizer in early spring. The whole garden is broadcast or planted.
And (3) promoting fruit fertilizer after flowering, and applying 0.25kg of monopotassium phosphate to each plant. The whole garden is broadcast or planted.
0.35kg of monopotassium phosphate and 0.3kg of calcium superphosphate are applied to each plant of the strong fruit fertilizer. The whole garden is broadcast or planted.
After fruit picking, the overwintering fertilizer is applied by plants with 20-30 kg of organic fertilizer, 0.25kg of calcium superphosphate and 0.25kg of ammonium nitrate. The whole garden is used for broadcasting or ditch application, and water is timely irrigated for 1 time after the application.
The statistical data are shown in the following table:
TABLE 1
By adopting the method, the length of the young shoots is obviously increased, the photosynthesis of the kiwi fruits is favorably improved, and a foundation is laid for increasing the yield and income; the results show that the single fruit weight and the total yield of the kiwi fruits are obviously increased, the content of soluble sugar and the content of vitamin C are improved, and the quality of the kiwi fruits is greatly improved; by adopting the method, the hardness of the kiwi fruits is increased, the storage tolerance of the kiwi fruits is improved, and the quality guarantee period is prolonged.
The invention has many applications, and the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the invention. It should be noted that the above examples are only for illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these modifications are to be considered within the scope of the invention.
Claims (1)
1. A kiwi fruit water and fertilizer integrated fertilization method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, applying a pre-germination fertilizer before germination in early spring;
s2, applying a fruit promoting fertilizer within 5-30 days after flower falling;
s3, applying fruit strengthening fertilizer within 5-30 days after fruiting;
s4, after fruit picking, winter fertilization is carried out; the overwintering fertilizer comprises a commercial organic fertilizer and a low-nitrogen high-phosphorus low-potassium fertilizer;
the fertilizing method of the pre-emergence fertilizer, the fruit promoting fertilizer, the fruit strengthening fertilizer or the overwintering fertilizer comprises the following steps: the commercial organic fertilizer in the overwintering fertilizer adopts a method of digging a pit and burying the pit in a tree tray; the rest fertilizers are dissolved in water, and the fertilizer water is dripped into the root area of the kiwi fruit along with the drip irrigation facility;
in step S1, the pre-emergence fertilizer comprises a high nitrogen phosphorus potassium fertilizer and a microbial liquid; the fertilizing amount is 10-40 kg/mu of high nitrogen phosphorus potassium fertilizer and 5-30L/mu of microbial liquid; in the step S2, the fruit promoting fertilizer comprises a calcium magnesium fertilizer and a macroelement water-soluble fertilizer; the fertilizing amount is 10-40 kg/mu of calcium magnesium fertilizer, and the macroelement water-soluble fertilizer is 200-;
in the step S3, the fruit-strengthening fertilizer comprises a medium-nitrogen high-potassium fertilizer and a water-soluble organic carbon fertilizer; the fertilizing amount is 10-40 kg/mu of medium-nitrogen high-potassium fertilizer and 20-60 kg/mu of water-soluble organic carbon fertilizer;
in the step S4, the fertilizing amount of the overwintering fertilizer is 500 kg/mu of commercial organic fertilizer 100 and 10-40 kg/mu of low-nitrogen high-phosphorus low-potassium fertilizer;
in the high nitrogen phosphorus potassium fertilizer, the mass percent of nitrogen element is 40%, the mass percent of phosphorus element is 15% and the mass percent of potassium element is 8%; the microbial liquid contains beneficial bacteria which are not less than 3 hundred million/ml, organic matter which is not less than 15% in mass percentage, and the total mass percentage of CaO, MgO, B, Fe, Zn, Cu and Mn which is not less than 10%;
in the calcium-magnesium fertilizer, the mass percentage of calcium element is 12%, the mass percentage of magnesium element is 7% and the mass percentage of nitrogen element is 15%; in the macroelement water-soluble fertilizer, N is more than or equal to 60g/L, P2O5≥240g/L、K2O is more than or equal to 250g/L, algal polysaccharide is more than or equal to 1000 ppm;
in the medium-nitrogen high-potassium fertilizer, the mass percent of nitrogen element is 12%, the mass percent of phosphorus element is 6%, and the mass percent of potassium element is 40%; the water-soluble organic carbon fertilizer comprises the following components in percentage by mass: NPK is more than or equal to 15 percent, and organic matter is more than or equal to 70 percent;
the fertilizing method also comprises the step of spraying calcium fertilizer on the leaf surfaces in the fruiting period of the step S3; the content of calcium element in the calcium fertilizer is more than or equal to 130 g/L; the spraying amount of the calcium fertilizer is 200-800 times, and the dilution multiple of the calcium fertilizer is 600 ml/mu;
in the commercial organic fertilizer, the number of viable bacteria is more than or equal to 2 hundred million/g, and the mass content of organic matters is more than or equal to 65 percent; in the low-nitrogen high-phosphorus low-potassium fertilizer, the mass percent of nitrogen element is 6%, the mass percent of phosphorus element is 30% and the mass percent of potassium element is 6%.
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| CN108849192B (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2021-04-27 | 上海环垦生态科技股份有限公司 | Fertilizing method for improving peach orchard soil and increasing tree vigor and yield of yellow peaches |
| CN112586256B (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2023-06-27 | 四川尚毅农业开发有限公司 | Planting method capable of improving yield and quality of kiwi fruits and comprising 16 working procedures |
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| CN105145227A (en) * | 2015-07-10 | 2015-12-16 | 吴伦忠 | Method for culturing and managing Shatang oranges |
| CN106258141A (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2017-01-04 | 上海环垦生态科技股份有限公司 | A kind of Fructus Mangifera Indicae water-fertilizer integral fertilizing method |
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| CN105145227A (en) * | 2015-07-10 | 2015-12-16 | 吴伦忠 | Method for culturing and managing Shatang oranges |
| CN106258141A (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2017-01-04 | 上海环垦生态科技股份有限公司 | A kind of Fructus Mangifera Indicae water-fertilizer integral fertilizing method |
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