CN111373971B - Method for realizing secondary flowering and fruiting of fruit mulberry - Google Patents
Method for realizing secondary flowering and fruiting of fruit mulberry Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111373971B CN111373971B CN202010304619.7A CN202010304619A CN111373971B CN 111373971 B CN111373971 B CN 111373971B CN 202010304619 A CN202010304619 A CN 202010304619A CN 111373971 B CN111373971 B CN 111373971B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- fruiting
- mulberry
- dormancy
- branches
- fruit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for realizing secondary flowering and fruiting of fruit mulberry, belonging to the technical field of fruit mulberry planting. The invention provides a method for realizing secondary flowering and fruiting of fruit mulberry, which comprises the following steps: after the mulberry is picked in 5-6 months, cutting off fruiting branches, and adopting a heat dormancy measure in September to realize secondary blooming and fruiting of the mulberry; the temperature of the heat dormancy is 44-58 ℃. The method can realize the heat dormancy secondary flowering and fruiting of the mulberry, and greatly improves the economic benefit of the mulberry.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mulberry planting, in particular to a method for promoting secondary flowering and fruiting of mulberry by using a heat dormancy method.
Background
The mulberry starts to bloom in the first ten days of April, the flowering period is 3-6 days, the fruit begins to mature in the middle and last ten days of May, the period from flowering to fruiting is about 40 days, and the picking period is generally 20 days. The disadvantages and disadvantages of single (annual) flowering and fruiting of mulberries are as follows:
(1) china is influenced by seasonal wind climate, the probability of late spring coldness in early spring is high, and branches and flower buds are easily frozen;
(2) in spring, the wind and sand are much, and the fruits are easy to be attached with the silt. In the fruit picking season, the fruits are easy to adhere to the willow catkins when the willow flowers;
(3) the picking time is short, about 20 days.
The economic benefit is poor when the mulberry flowers are bloomed for one time, and the related technology for fruit mulberry bloomed for two times (every year) does not exist at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for realizing secondary flowering and fruiting of fruit mulberry. The method can realize secondary flowering and fruiting of the mulberry, and greatly improves the economic benefit of the mulberry.
The invention provides a method for realizing secondary flowering and fruiting of fruit mulberry, which comprises the following steps:
after the mulberry is picked in 5-6 months, cutting off fruiting branches, and adopting a heat dormancy measure in September to realize secondary blooming and fruiting of the mulberry; the temperature of the heat dormancy is 44-58 ℃; the temperature of the thermal dormancy refers to the maximum temperature at 12 to 16 days.
Preferably, the distance between the cutting positions and the ground is 25-35 cm.
Preferably, 4-8 new shoots are left in each plant after the fruiting shoots are cut.
Preferably, after the fruiting branches are cut off, the branches of the fruit mulberry are circularly managed by adopting a nine-leaf pinching method.
Preferably, the nine-leaf pinching method is to perform pinching from the beginning of growing the first leaf to the ninth leaf of the branch.
Preferably, after the fruiting branches are cut off, 30-60 kg of compound fertilizer and 600-1500 kg of organic fertilizer are applied to each mu.
Preferably, the mulberries are watered after the fruiting branches are pruned.
Preferably, the time of the thermal sleep is 17-25 d.
Preferably, the water content of the thermal dormancy control soil is 14-15%.
Preferably, the heat dormancy control humidity is 35-55%.
The invention provides a method for achieving secondary flowering and fruiting of mulberry through heat dormancy. The key of flowering and fruiting of woody plants is that the plant flower buds are dormant after natural leaf falling, namely: flower bud hibernation is also called cold dormancy, and almost all woody plant flower buds can bloom and bear fruits only through cold dormancy; the invention changes the dormancy mode of the plant flower buds, namely: the heat dormancy process of the plant flower buds is completed by setting the high temperature condition. According to the method, the mulberry is subjected to heat dormancy measures in September, so that the mulberry can be subjected to heat dormancy, secondary flowering and fruiting can be realized, and the economic benefit of the mulberry is greatly improved.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a method for realizing secondary flowering and fruiting of fruit mulberry, which comprises the following steps:
after the mulberry is picked in 5-6 months, cutting off fruiting branches, and adopting a heat dormancy measure in September to realize secondary blooming and fruiting of the mulberry; the temperature of the heat dormancy is 44-58 ℃; the temperature of the hot dormancy refers to the highest temperature of 12-16 days each, namely the highest limit temperature range of 12-14 days each in the hot dormancy process is 44-58 ℃. In the invention, the temperature of the thermal dormancy is preferably 47-55 ℃, and more preferably 51 ℃. The temperature of the invention is preferably realized by means of high air temperature in September and regulation by using a shed film, a sunshade net and/or a ventilation opening.
In the invention, the clipping position is preferably 25-35 cm higher than the ground, and more preferably 30cm higher. The pruning position height of the mulberry leaf picker can enable mulberries to effectively utilize space, and the mulberry leaf picker not only can ventilate, transmit light and resist lodging, but also is beneficial to management and picking.
In the invention, after the fruiting branches are cut off, 4-8 new branches are preferably left in each plant, and more preferably 5-6 new branches are left in each plant. The preservation of more new branches is not beneficial to ventilation and light transmission and influences the quality and the yield of the fruit, the preservation of less new branches solves the problems of ventilation and light transmission and improves the quality of the fruit but can not ensure high quality and high yield, and the setting of the number of the branches can ensure both high quality and high yield.
In the invention, after the fruiting branches are cut off, the branches of the mulberry are preferably circularly managed by adopting a nine-leaf pinching method. In the invention, the nine-leaf pinching method is to carry out pinching from the beginning of growing the first leaf to the ninth leaf of the branch. The mulberry branches grow vigorously, if pinching is not performed in time, nutrient substances can be continuously conveyed to the top ends, axillary buds or flower buds at the lower ends cannot mature in advance due to the fact that nutrients cannot be obtained, pinching is performed when the branches grow to the ninth leaf, the branches temporarily stop growing, and the nutrient substances are supplied to the axillary buds or flower buds below to promote the early maturation; the top advantages can promote the top 7-9 buds of the branch to form leaf buds to continue growing, the lowest branch is reserved to continue growing, and pinching is repeated when nine leaves exist. The nine-leaf pinching method can promote the flower buds to differentiate and mature, and can complete the dormancy of the flower buds in a high-temperature environment by combining the subsequent high-temperature control, thereby realizing the off-season flowering and fruiting in the same year.
In the invention, after cutting out the fruiting branches, preferably 30-60 kg of compound fertilizer and 600-1500 kg of organic fertilizer are applied per mu. The application amount per mu of the compound fertilizer is more preferably 40-50 kg, and the application amount per mu of the organic fertilizer is more preferably 900-1200 kg. The sources of the compound fertilizer and the organic fertilizer are not particularly limited, and the sources and the types of the compound fertilizer and the organic fertilizer known by the technicians in the field can be adopted. According to the invention, 30-60 kg of compound fertilizer and 600-1500 kg of organic fertilizer are applied to each mu of the fertilizer, so that nutrients and organic matters required by plants can be rapidly supplemented, and the growth vigor of the plants can be rapidly recovered.
In the invention, after cutting off fruit branches, fruit mulberry is preferably watered to rapidly supplement water required by plants, increase osmotic pressure to promote decomposition and absorption of organic matters, and enable root systems of the fruit mulberry to grow rapidly.
In the invention, the time of the thermal dormancy is preferably 17-25 d, and more preferably 19-23 d. The time of the hot dormancy of the invention is shortened along with the rise of the temperature and is in an inverse proportion relation.
In the invention, the thermal dormancy preferably controls the water content of the soil to be 14-15%. The setting of the water content can improve the respiration rate of the plant, reduce the photosynthesis and efficiency and promote the flower bud to differentiate and mature.
In the present invention, the heat dormancy preferably controls the humidity to be 35 to 55%, more preferably 45%. The humidity setting of the invention is not beneficial to the propagation of bacteria and highly pathogenic pathogens, is beneficial to the growth of plants, is beneficial to the respiration of leaves and promotes photosynthesis; the humidity setting of the invention is combined with the condition of soil water content, and the physiological metabolism needs of plants can be basically maintained. After the hot dormancy treatment is carried out for 17-25 d (namely after the hot dormancy is finished), the residual leaves are preferably removed, and 10-30 cm parts with poor lignification degree at the top ends of the branches are cut off, so that flowering and fruiting are promoted. The invention realizes the secondary flowering and fruiting of the fruit mulberry, and preferably prunes the branches after the secondary picking, and the pruning is not specially limited by the invention, and the pruning can be carried out by adopting a conventional pruning method. After trimming, preferably, nine-leaf pinching is used for management.
The method of the invention has the advantages that the fruit is fruited in out-of-season, although the yield of the second flowering and fruiting is slightly reduced compared with the first flowering and fruiting, the pollution of sand wind, dust and the like is avoided, the quality of the fruit is obviously improved, and the selling price is 6.8 times of the price of the land mulberry. The yield can be formed in 12 months, the mulberry can be listed in more than 2 months earlier than the mulberry in south, the picking time is prolonged from 20 days to 60 days, the vacancy of the fruit market is filled, and the planting income of farmers is increased. The mulberry fruit hot dormancy secondary flowering fruiting method opens a new fruit production mode, and is large in adaptation space, wide in market prospect, high in economic benefit and high in social benefit.
The method for fruiting mulberry in secondary flowering according to the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following specific examples, and the technical solution of the present invention includes, but is not limited to, the following examples.
Example 1
Immediately cutting off fruiting branches at a position 30cm away from the ground after picking of mulberries in the beginning of six months, applying 40-60 kg of compound fertilizer and 1200kg of organic fertilizer per mu, and thoroughly watering after cutting; 4-6 new shoots are remained in each plant, the plants are circularly managed by a nine-leaf pinching method, and in September, a heat dormancy measure is adopted, namely, the water content of soil is kept to be 14-15%, the humidity is kept to be 35-40%, the highest limit temperature range is 51-58 ℃ when 12-16 days are taken every day, and the flower bud differentiation process can be completed through 17-19 days of high temperature, so that the fruit mulberry heat dormancy secondary flowering and fruit bearing can be realized.
And (3) knotting: the technical measure can be realized by building or utilizing the existing greenhouse warm in winter in the severe cold climate areas; the technical measure can be realized by building or utilizing the existing winter-warm greenhouse in arid climate areas, the winter-warm greenhouse has the functions of water control, humidity control, temperature control and wind and sand prevention in the areas, and the winter-warm greenhouse is wide in application area.
Example 2
Immediately cutting off fruiting branches at a position 25cm away from the ground after picking of mulberries in the beginning of six months, applying 50-60 kg of compound fertilizer and 1000kg of organic fertilizer per mu, and watering thoroughly after cutting; 4-6 new shoots are remained in each plant, the plants are circularly managed by a nine-leaf pinching method, and in September, a heat dormancy measure is adopted, namely, the water content of soil is kept to be 14-15%, the humidity is kept to be 40-50%, the highest limit temperature range is 47-51 ℃ when 12-16 days are taken every day, and the flower bud differentiation process can be completed through 18-21 days of high temperature, so that the fruit mulberry heat dormancy secondary flowering and fruit bearing can be realized.
And (3) knotting: the technical measure can be realized in the middle east region with warm climate by utilizing the existing vegetable large arched shed, and the large arched shed can also play the roles of controlling temperature, controlling water, controlling humidity, shielding wind and rain and preventing wind and sand, thereby realizing the lowest cost of the technical measure. Insulation measures are required in autumn and winter.
Example 3
Immediately cutting off fruiting branches at a position 35cm away from the ground after picking of mulberry in the middle ten days of June, applying 30-50 kg of compound fertilizer and 900kg of organic fertilizer to each mu, and watering in a proper amount after cutting; 6-8 branches are reserved for each plant, the branches are cyclically managed by a nine-leaf pinching method, a heat dormancy measure is adopted in the middle ten days of September, namely, the water content of soil is kept to be 14-15%, the humidity is kept to be 50-55%, the highest limit temperature range is 44-51 ℃ when 12-16 days are taken every day, and the flower bud differentiation process can be completed through 20-25 days at high temperature to achieve the purpose of achieving the fruit mulberry heat dormancy secondary flowering and fruit bearing.
And (3) knotting: in southern areas with hotter climate, the temperature is high, rainwater is much, besides humidity factors are not easy to control, a rain shelter is built, the temperature and soil water content environment required by the technical measures can be easily realized, and secondary blooming and fruiting of mulberry in hot dormancy can also be realized.
The method of the invention results in out-of-season fruit, although the yield is slightly reduced, the method has no pollution of wind sand, flying dust and the like, the fruit quality is obviously improved, the selling price is 6.8 times of the price of the land mulberry, and the detailed table 1 shows that the income of the second heat dormancy is 5.8 times of the first income, and the price is 6.8 times of the first income. The yield can be formed in 12 months, the mulberry can be listed in more than 2 months earlier than the mulberry in south, the picking time is prolonged from 20 days to 60 days, the vacancy of the fruit market is filled, and the planting income of farmers is increased.
TABLE 1 fruit mulberry income comparison table
The method for realizing secondary flowering and fruiting of the mulberry by utilizing the hot dormancy lays a theoretical and experimental foundation for the re-development and utilization of all plants in the cold dormancy process, and at present, the phenomenon is not broken through at home and abroad; the invention also provides a technology and a thought for the development and innovation of other fields.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for realizing secondary flowering and fruiting of fruit mulberry comprises the following steps:
after the mulberry is picked in 5-6 months, cutting off fruiting branches, and adopting a heat dormancy measure in September to realize secondary blooming and fruiting of the mulberry; the temperature of the heat dormancy is 44-58 ℃; the temperature of the thermal dormancy refers to the maximum temperature at 12 to 16 days;
after pruning the fruiting branches, 4-8 new branches are left in each plant;
the time of the thermal sleep is 17-25 d;
the water content of the thermal dormancy control soil is 14-15%;
the heat dormancy control humidity is 35-55%.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the shearing is located 25-35 cm from the ground.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein after pruning fruiting shoots, mulberry shoots are cyclically managed using a nine-leaf pinching process.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the nine-leaf pinching is performed by pinching the shoot from the first leaf to the ninth leaf.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein 30-60 kg of compound fertilizer and 600-1500 kg of organic fertilizer are applied per mu after cutting off fruiting branches.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the mulberries are watered after pruning the fruiting shoots.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010304619.7A CN111373971B (en) | 2020-04-17 | 2020-04-17 | Method for realizing secondary flowering and fruiting of fruit mulberry |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010304619.7A CN111373971B (en) | 2020-04-17 | 2020-04-17 | Method for realizing secondary flowering and fruiting of fruit mulberry |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111373971A CN111373971A (en) | 2020-07-07 |
| CN111373971B true CN111373971B (en) | 2021-08-03 |
Family
ID=71214192
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010304619.7A Active CN111373971B (en) | 2020-04-17 | 2020-04-17 | Method for realizing secondary flowering and fruiting of fruit mulberry |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111373971B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112931021B (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2022-05-20 | 江西山谷春生态农业发展有限公司 | Planting method for twice-bearing fruits of mulberry trees in one year |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU733557A1 (en) * | 1978-11-28 | 1980-05-15 | Среднеазиатский научно-исследовательский институт шелководства | Method of growing year-and-a half mulberry tree seedlings |
| CN105123214A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-12-09 | 湖南省农业科学院 | Method for achieving multiple fruiting of fruit mulberry in one year |
| CN109804843A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2019-05-28 | 南部县传弘蚕桑种养殖农民专业合作社 | Fruit leaf dual-purpose fruit mulberry open field culture method |
| CN109804839A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2019-05-28 | 南部县传弘蚕桑种养殖农民专业合作社 | Fruit mulberry greenhouse cultivation method |
| CN110637629A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-01-03 | 山东省蚕业研究所 | Greenhouse cultivation method for achieving multiple fruiting of Taiwan Changguo mulberry |
-
2020
- 2020-04-17 CN CN202010304619.7A patent/CN111373971B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU733557A1 (en) * | 1978-11-28 | 1980-05-15 | Среднеазиатский научно-исследовательский институт шелководства | Method of growing year-and-a half mulberry tree seedlings |
| CN105123214A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-12-09 | 湖南省农业科学院 | Method for achieving multiple fruiting of fruit mulberry in one year |
| CN109804843A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2019-05-28 | 南部县传弘蚕桑种养殖农民专业合作社 | Fruit leaf dual-purpose fruit mulberry open field culture method |
| CN109804839A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2019-05-28 | 南部县传弘蚕桑种养殖农民专业合作社 | Fruit mulberry greenhouse cultivation method |
| CN110637629A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-01-03 | 山东省蚕业研究所 | Greenhouse cultivation method for achieving multiple fruiting of Taiwan Changguo mulberry |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 几个果桑品种的二次挂果试验初报;宋志光等;《蚕学通讯》;20190915;第39卷(第3期);第4-8页 * |
| 浅析桑树二次开花结果的原因及意义;虞崇江等;《广西蚕业》;20130315;第50卷(第1期);第23-25页 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN111373971A (en) | 2020-07-07 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102047809B (en) | Method for cultivating Dragon fruit in greenhouses in North China | |
| CN102197776B (en) | Novel technology for twice production of grapes in one year | |
| CN1148111C (en) | Fast tea seedling growing method | |
| CN106797784B (en) | Cultivation method for inducing anti-season flowering of pitaya | |
| CN1868256A (en) | Method for artificial dormancy-relieving and early focing culturing | |
| CN109997670B (en) | Method for planting tomatoes in rock wool | |
| CN101946674B (en) | Method for planting grape | |
| CN102907233B (en) | One-seed multi-crop cultivation method of small fruit type watermelon | |
| CN103518584A (en) | Method for cultivating table grapes in high-cold and high-latitude area in winter | |
| CN105519420A (en) | Cherry tomato soilless cultivation method | |
| CN104969766A (en) | Method for planting strawberry | |
| CN1243663A (en) | Method for cultivating fruit trees in plum line | |
| CN111373971B (en) | Method for realizing secondary flowering and fruiting of fruit mulberry | |
| CN106416919A (en) | Double-cropping high-yield planting method for greenhouse selenium-rich grape | |
| CN104719070A (en) | Juicy peach cultivating method | |
| CN106982702B (en) | Method for selling grapes in greenhouse twice a year in spring festival | |
| CN101238776B (en) | Three-dimensional raise seedling method and product thereof | |
| CN111149598B (en) | Flower and fruit management method for summer anti-season Or citrus | |
| CN111543239A (en) | Anti-season mango cultivation method | |
| CN103109673A (en) | Fast-growing, high-yield and high-efficiency carbon-capturing cultivation method of water hyacinth and water lettuce | |
| CN103004392A (en) | Plant regulating method for long-season cultivation of watermelon | |
| CN107455110B (en) | Method for protecting sweet potato seedlings by using three membranes for stem-leaf vegetables | |
| CN109588145B (en) | Southern grape flowering phase regulation and control method | |
| CN106912352A (en) | A kind of method that south grape off-season production produces spring fruit | |
| CN112425442A (en) | Pruning and trimming method for grape facility cultivation |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |