CN117701229A - 高硬度聚氨酯电子胶的制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及电子胶技术领域,且公开了高硬度聚氨酯电子胶的制备方法,本发明以2‑全氟辛基乙醇、5‑乙烯基间苯二甲酸、甲基二氯硅烷、3,5‑二硝基苯胺等为原料,经过酯化反应、硅氢加成反应、取代反应、还原反应,得到含四氨基含氟硅烷。以聚醚多元醇、含四氨基含氟硅烷、甲苯二异氰酸酯为原料,反应得到改性聚脲多元醇,向其中加入聚己内酯三元醇、蓖麻油、二月桂酸二丁基锡等,混合均匀,得到A组分,将异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和环氧稀释剂混合均匀,得到B组分,最后将A组分、B组分混合均匀,固化,得到高硬度聚氨酯电子胶,本发明制备得到的聚氨酯电子胶具有优异的硬度、防水性能、力学性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及电子胶技术领域,具体为高硬度聚氨酯电子胶的制备方法。
背景技术
随着科学技术的发展,电子元件、逻辑电路更趋向于密集化和小型化,很多电子电器产品在使用过程中需要使用电子胶,电子胶可以起到防尘、防震、防腐蚀的作用,能够提高电子电器的使用性能和稳定性能。但是当电子电器在使用过程中,若水汽浓度较高时,容易渗透到电子元器件内,容易损伤电子元器件,导致其使用寿命下降。
聚氨酯是以聚酯、聚醚等低聚物多元醇与多异氰酸酯为原料制备得到的,由聚氨酯制备得到的电子胶具有优异的粘合性、耐磨性、耐低温等性能,应用较为广泛,但是现阶段聚氨酯电子胶的硬度较低,限制了其应用范围。聚脲多元醇是由多元胺与异氰酸酯通过加聚反应生成的共聚支化多元醇。
公开号为CN116410432A的发明专利申请,公开了一种后交联体系水性聚氨酯和应用,该发明制备得到的水性聚氨酯具有优异的耐水性、耐热性、可以广泛应用于鞋胶、电子胶等领域,但是并没有提升其硬度等力学性能。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足,本发明提供了高硬度聚氨酯电子胶的制备方法,制备得到的聚氨酯电子胶具有优异的硬度、防水性能。
高硬度聚氨酯电子胶的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将聚醚多元醇、含四氨基含氟硅烷加入至去离子水中,搅拌分散,再其中加入甲苯二异氰酸酯,于30-45℃,搅拌反应2-5h,反应结束后,减压蒸馏,得到改性聚脲多元醇;
(2)将聚己内酯三元醇、改性聚脲多元醇、蓖麻油、1,4-丁二醇扩链剂、2-6%的二月桂酸二丁基锡、消泡剂加入容器中,混合均匀,于120-130℃下,抽真空2-5h,得到A组分;
(3)将异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和环氧稀释剂加入至容器中混合均匀,得到B组分;
(4)将A组分、B组分混合均匀,于80-90℃,固化2-5h,得到高硬度聚氨酯电子胶。
优选的,所述步骤(1)中,聚醚多元醇、含四氨基含氟硅烷、甲苯二异氰酸酯的质量比为100:(3-10):(8-20)。
优选的,所述步骤(2)中,聚己内酯三元醇、改性聚脲多元醇、蓖麻油、1,4-丁二醇扩链剂、消泡剂的质量比为100:(50-100):(80-120):(20-40):(3-10)。
优选的,所述步骤(3)中,异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、环氧稀释剂的质量比为100:(10-15)。
优选的,所述步骤(4)中,A组分、B组分的质量比为100:(20-30)。
优选的,所述步骤(1)中,含四氨基含氟硅烷的制备方法为:
S1、在氮气保护下,将2-全氟辛基乙醇、5-乙烯基间苯二甲酸、对苯二酚、对甲苯磺酸加入至甲苯溶剂中,搅拌分散,升温至110-130℃,回流反应5-10h,反应结束后,冷却至室温,过滤,旋转蒸发除去溶剂,得到中间体1;
S2、在氮气保护下,将中间体1、0.03-0.05mol/L的氯铂酸异丙醇溶液、甲基二氯硅烷加入至甲苯溶剂中,搅拌分散,于80-90℃下,反应4-8h,反应结束后,减压蒸馏,去离子水洗涤,干燥,得到中间体2;
S3、在氮气保护下,于0-5℃下,将中间体2、3,5-二硝基苯胺加入至正己烷溶剂中,搅拌分散,再向其中加入正丁基锂,继续搅拌分散,升温至15-25℃,搅拌反应6-12h,反应结束后,过滤,减压蒸馏,去离子水洗涤,干燥,得到中间体3;
S4、将中间体3加入至N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶剂中,向其中加入5-15%的Pd/C催化剂,进行还原反应,反应结束后,过滤,去离子水洗涤,干燥,得到含四氨基含氟硅烷。
优选的,所述步骤S1中,2-全氟辛基乙醇、5-乙烯基间苯二甲酸、对苯二酚、对甲苯磺酸的摩尔比为(2-2.4):1:(0.15-0.2):(0.16-0.22)。
优选的,所述步骤S2中,中间体1、甲基二氯硅烷的摩尔比为1:(1-1.5)。
优选的,所述步骤S3中,中间体2、3,5-二硝基苯胺、正丁基锂的摩尔比为1:(2-3.2):(1.5-2.5)。
优选的,所述步骤S4中,还原反应的时间为15-24h,温度为15-30℃。
有益效果:本发明以对苯二酚为阻聚剂、对甲苯磺酸为催化剂,利用2-全氟辛基乙醇中含有的羟基基团与5-乙烯基间苯二甲酸中含有的羧基基团进行酯化反应,得到中间体1;在氯铂酸的催化下,利用中间体1含有的烯基基团与甲基二氯硅烷进行硅氢加成反应,得到中间体2;在正丁基锂的催化下,中间体2与3,5-二硝基苯胺进行取代反应,得到中间体3;在Pd/C的催化下,将中间体3中的硝基基团进行还原,最终得到含四氨基含氟硅烷。以聚醚多元醇、含四氨基含氟硅烷、甲苯二异氰酸酯为原料,反应得到改性聚脲多元醇,再向其中加入聚己内酯三元醇、蓖麻油、二月桂酸二丁基锡等混合均匀,得到A组分;将异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和环氧稀释剂混合均匀,得到B组分;最后将A组分、B组分混合均匀,固化,得到高硬度聚氨酯电子胶。
本发明制备得到的高硬度聚氨酯电子胶其中含有聚脲结构和苯环结构,聚脲硬段中的羰基和胺基与氨基甲酸酯可以产生较强的氢键,而苯环是一种刚性结构,两者均能够提升聚氨酯电子胶的硬度等力学性能。本发明制备得到的含四氨基含氟硅烷进行反应时,能够形成一种网络状结构,并且,其中含有柔性链段能够与其他柔性链段相互缠绕,亦能够形成一种三维交联网络状结构,当受到外力时,这种相互缠结的网络状结构,具有较多的交联位点,受到的外力能够沿着交联位点转移到其他分子链中,进而提升材料的硬度等力学性能。
本发明制备得到的高硬度聚氨酯电子胶其中含有氟元素和硅元素,能够降低聚氨酯电子胶表面的张力,赋予聚氨酯电子胶较为优异的疏水防水性能,并且,其中含有的脲键是一种憎水性基团,亦能够增加聚氨酯电子胶的防水性能。本发明制备得到的聚氨酯电子胶具有优异的防水性、高硬度等力学性能。
附图说明
图1是本发明含四氨基含氟硅烷的制备路线图。
具体实施方式
需要说明的是,本发明中对于术语的简要说明,仅是为了方便理解接下来描述的实施方式,而不是意图限定本发明的实施方式。除非另有说明,这些术语应当按照其普通和通常的含义理解。
聚醚多元醇:GEP-330N,消泡剂为有机硅消泡剂(FG-4)。
实施例1:(1)在氮气保护下,将85mmol的2-全氟辛基乙醇、40mmol的5-乙烯基间苯二甲酸、7mmol的对苯二酚、8mmol的对甲苯磺酸加入至甲苯溶剂中,搅拌分散,升温至120℃,回流反应6h,反应结束后,冷却至室温,过滤,旋转蒸发除去溶剂,得到中间体1;
(2)在氮气保护下,将20mmol的中间体1、0.04mol/L的氯铂酸异丙醇溶液、25mmol的甲基二氯硅烷加入至甲苯溶剂中,搅拌分散,于90℃下,反应8h,反应结束后,减压蒸馏,去离子水洗涤,干燥,得到中间体2;
(3)在氮气保护下,于5℃下,将60mmol的中间体2、150mmol的3,5-二硝基苯胺加入至正己烷溶剂中,搅拌分散,再向其中加入100mmol的正丁基锂,继续搅拌分散,升温至20℃,搅拌反应10h,反应结束后,过滤,减压蒸馏,去离子水洗涤,干燥,得到中间体3;
(4)将中间体3加入至N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶剂中,向其中加入10%的Pd/C催化剂,于20℃下,进行还原反应18h,反应结束后,过滤,去离子水洗涤,干燥,得到含四氨基含氟硅烷;
(5)将100g的聚醚多元醇、3g的含四氨基含氟硅烷加入至去离子水中,搅拌分散,再其中加入12g的甲苯二异氰酸酯,于30℃,搅拌反应4h,反应结束后,减压蒸馏,得到改性聚脲多元醇;
(6)将100g的聚己内酯三元醇、50g的改性聚脲多元醇、80g的蓖麻油、40g的1,4-丁二醇扩链剂、5%的二月桂酸二丁基锡、8g的消泡剂加入容器中,混合均匀,于120℃下,抽真空3h,得到A组分;
(7)将100g的异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和10g的环氧稀释剂加入至容器中混合均匀,得到B组分;
(8)将100g的A组分、30g的B组分混合均匀,于80℃,固化5h,得到高硬度聚氨酯电子胶。
实施例2:(1)在氮气保护下,将80mmol的2-全氟辛基乙醇、40mmol的5-乙烯基间苯二甲酸、8mmol的对苯二酚、7mmol的对甲苯磺酸加入至甲苯溶剂中,搅拌分散,升温至130℃,回流反应9h,反应结束后,冷却至室温,过滤,旋转蒸发除去溶剂,得到中间体1;
(2)在氮气保护下,将20mmol的中间体1、0.05mol/L的氯铂酸异丙醇溶液、26mmol的甲基二氯硅烷加入至甲苯溶剂中,搅拌分散,于85℃下,反应8h,反应结束后,减压蒸馏,去离子水洗涤,干燥,得到中间体2;
(3)在氮气保护下,于0℃下,将60mmol的中间体2、180mmol的3,5-二硝基苯胺加入至正己烷溶剂中,搅拌分散,再向其中加入100mmol的正丁基锂,继续搅拌分散,升温至25℃,搅拌反应12h,反应结束后,过滤,减压蒸馏,去离子水洗涤,干燥,得到中间体3;
(4)将中间体3加入至N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶剂中,向其中加入15%的Pd/C催化剂,于25℃下,进行还原反应24h,反应结束后,过滤,去离子水洗涤,干燥,得到含四氨基含氟硅烷;
(5)将100g的聚醚多元醇、4g的含四氨基含氟硅烷加入至去离子水中,搅拌分散,再其中加入15g的甲苯二异氰酸酯,于40℃,搅拌反应5h,反应结束后,减压蒸馏,得到改性聚脲多元醇;
(6)将100g的聚己内酯三元醇、62g的改性聚脲多元醇、105g的蓖麻油、35g的1,4-丁二醇扩链剂、6%的二月桂酸二丁基锡、10g的消泡剂加入容器中,混合均匀,于125℃下,抽真空2h,得到A组分;
(7)将100g的异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和14g的环氧稀释剂加入至容器中混合均匀,得到B组分;
(8)将100g的A组分、28g的B组分混合均匀,于90℃,固化3h,得到高硬度聚氨酯电子胶。
实施例3:(1)在氮气保护下,将84mmol的2-全氟辛基乙醇、40mmol的5-乙烯基间苯二甲酸、6mmol的对苯二酚、8.5mmol的对甲苯磺酸加入至甲苯溶剂中,搅拌分散,升温至115℃,回流反应7h,反应结束后,冷却至室温,过滤,旋转蒸发除去溶剂,得到中间体1;
(2)在氮气保护下,将20mmol的中间体1、0.05mol/L的氯铂酸异丙醇溶液、28mmol的甲基二氯硅烷加入至甲苯溶剂中,搅拌分散,于90℃下,反应4h,反应结束后,减压蒸馏,去离子水洗涤,干燥,得到中间体2;
(3)在氮气保护下,于5℃下,将60mmol的中间体2、180mmol的3,5-二硝基苯胺加入至正己烷溶剂中,搅拌分散,再向其中加入150mmol的正丁基锂,继续搅拌分散,升温至20℃,搅拌反应7h,反应结束后,过滤,减压蒸馏,去离子水洗涤,干燥,得到中间体3;
(4)将中间体3加入至N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶剂中,向其中加入15%的Pd/C催化剂,于30℃下,进行还原反应24h,反应结束后,过滤,去离子水洗涤,干燥,得到含四氨基含氟硅烷;
(5)将100g的聚醚多元醇、6g的含四氨基含氟硅烷加入至去离子水中,搅拌分散,再其中加入10g的甲苯二异氰酸酯,于45℃,搅拌反应2h,反应结束后,减压蒸馏,得到改性聚脲多元醇;
(6)将100g的聚己内酯三元醇、74g的改性聚脲多元醇、90g的蓖麻油、30g的1,4-丁二醇扩链剂、6%的二月桂酸二丁基锡、6g的消泡剂加入容器中,混合均匀,于125℃下,抽真空5h,得到A组分;
(7)将100g的异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和12g的环氧稀释剂加入至容器中混合均匀,得到B组分;
(8)将100g的A组分、25g的B组分混合均匀,于90℃,固化4h,得到高硬度聚氨酯电子胶。
实施例4:(1)在氮气保护下,将85mmol的2-全氟辛基乙醇、40mmol的5-乙烯基间苯二甲酸、8mmol的对苯二酚、7mmol的对甲苯磺酸加入至甲苯溶剂中,搅拌分散,升温至110℃,回流反应6h,反应结束后,冷却至室温,过滤,旋转蒸发除去溶剂,得到中间体1;
(2)在氮气保护下,将20mmol的中间体1、0.05mol/L的氯铂酸异丙醇溶液、26mmol的甲基二氯硅烷加入至甲苯溶剂中,搅拌分散,于90℃下,反应4h,反应结束后,减压蒸馏,去离子水洗涤,干燥,得到中间体2;
(3)在氮气保护下,于0℃下,将60mmol的中间体2、140mmol的3,5-二硝基苯胺加入至正己烷溶剂中,搅拌分散,再向其中加入120mmol的正丁基锂,继续搅拌分散,升温至20℃,搅拌反应10h,反应结束后,过滤,减压蒸馏,去离子水洗涤,干燥,得到中间体3;
(4)将中间体3加入至N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶剂中,向其中加入15%的Pd/C催化剂,于20℃下,进行还原反应18h,反应结束后,过滤,去离子水洗涤,干燥,得到含四氨基含氟硅烷;
(5)将100g的聚醚多元醇、8g的含四氨基含氟硅烷加入至去离子水中,搅拌分散,再其中加入14g的甲苯二异氰酸酯,于35℃,搅拌反应5h,反应结束后,减压蒸馏,得到改性聚脲多元醇;
(6)将100g的聚己内酯三元醇、86g的改性聚脲多元醇、95g的蓖麻油、30g的1,4-丁二醇扩链剂、4%的二月桂酸二丁基锡、10g的消泡剂加入容器中,混合均匀,于125℃下,抽真空4h,得到A组分;
(7)将100g的异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和12g的环氧稀释剂加入至容器中混合均匀,得到B组分;
(8)将100g的A组分、22g的B组分混合均匀,于85℃,固化5h,得到高硬度聚氨酯电子胶。
实施例5:(1)在氮气保护下,将96mmol的2-全氟辛基乙醇、40mmol的5-乙烯基间苯二甲酸、8mmol的对苯二酚、6.4mmol的对甲苯磺酸加入至甲苯溶剂中,搅拌分散,升温至120℃,回流反应8h,反应结束后,冷却至室温,过滤,旋转蒸发除去溶剂,得到中间体1;
(2)在氮气保护下,将20mmol的中间体1、0.03mol/L的氯铂酸异丙醇溶液、26mmol的甲基二氯硅烷加入至甲苯溶剂中,搅拌分散,于90℃下,反应8h,反应结束后,减压蒸馏,去离子水洗涤,干燥,得到中间体2;
(3)在氮气保护下,于0℃下,将60mmol的中间体2、160mmol的3,5-二硝基苯胺加入至正己烷溶剂中,搅拌分散,再向其中加入150mmol的正丁基锂,继续搅拌分散,升温至15℃,搅拌反应12h,反应结束后,过滤,减压蒸馏,去离子水洗涤,干燥,得到中间体3;
(4)将中间体3加入至N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶剂中,向其中加入12%的Pd/C催化剂,于30℃下,进行还原反应24h,反应结束后,过滤,去离子水洗涤,干燥,得到含四氨基含氟硅烷;
(5)将100g的聚醚多元醇、10g的含四氨基含氟硅烷加入至去离子水中,搅拌分散,再其中加入18g的甲苯二异氰酸酯,于45℃,搅拌反应5h,反应结束后,减压蒸馏,得到改性聚脲多元醇;
(6)将100g的聚己内酯三元醇、100g的改性聚脲多元醇、115g的蓖麻油、35g的1,4-丁二醇扩链剂、6%的二月桂酸二丁基锡、10g的消泡剂加入容器中,混合均匀,于125℃下,抽真空5h,得到A组分;
(7)将100g的异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和12g的环氧稀释剂加入至容器中混合均匀,得到B组分;
(8)将100g的A组分、20g的B组分混合均匀,于90℃,固化4h,得到高硬度聚氨酯电子胶。
对比例1:(1)将100g的聚己内酯三元醇、80g的蓖麻油、40g的1,4-丁二醇扩链剂、5%的二月桂酸二丁基锡、8g的消泡剂加入容器中,混合均匀,于120℃下,抽真空3h,得到A组分;
(2)将100g的异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和10g的环氧稀释剂加入至容器中混合均匀,得到B组分;
(3)将100g的A组分、30g的B组分混合均匀,于80℃,固化5h,得到聚氨酯电子胶。
使用邵氏硬度计测试聚氨酯电子胶的硬度。
使用万能电子试验机测试聚氨酯材料的力学性能,拉伸速率为100mm/min。
表1:各实施例与对比例的硬度与拉伸强度测试数据
由表1可知,本发明制备得到的聚氨酯电子胶具有优异的硬度和拉伸性能。
使用接触角测量仪测试聚氨酯电子胶的防水性能。
表2:各实施例与对比例的防水性能测试数据
水接触角越大,疏水性越好,由表2可知,本发明制备得到的聚氨酯电子胶具有优异的疏水、防水性能。
以上实施例仅供说明本发明之用,而非对本发明的限制,有关技术领域的技术人员,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下,还可以作出各种变换或变型,因此所有等同的技术方案也应该属于本发明的范畴,应由各权利要求所限定。
Claims (10)
1.高硬度聚氨酯电子胶的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)将聚醚多元醇、含四氨基含氟硅烷加入至去离子水中,搅拌分散,再其中加入甲苯二异氰酸酯,于30-45℃,搅拌反应2-5h,反应结束后,减压蒸馏,得到改性聚脲多元醇;
(2)将聚己内酯三元醇、改性聚脲多元醇、蓖麻油、1,4-丁二醇扩链剂、2-6%的二月桂酸二丁基锡、消泡剂加入容器中,混合均匀,于120-130℃下,抽真空2-5h,得到A组分;
(3)将异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和环氧稀释剂加入至容器中混合均匀,得到B组分;
(4)将A组分、B组分混合均匀,于80-90℃,固化2-5h,得到高硬度聚氨酯电子胶。
2.根据权利要求1所述的高硬度聚氨酯电子胶的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(1)中,聚醚多元醇、含四氨基含氟硅烷、甲苯二异氰酸酯的质量比为100:(3-10):(8-20)。
3.根据权利要求1所述的高硬度聚氨酯电子胶的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(2)中,聚己内酯三元醇、改性聚脲多元醇、蓖麻油、1,4-丁二醇扩链剂、消泡剂的质量比为100:(50-100):(80-120):(20-40):(3-10)。
4.根据权利要求1所述的高硬度聚氨酯电子胶的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(3)中,异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、环氧稀释剂的质量比为100:(10-15)。
5.根据权利要求1所述的高硬度聚氨酯电子胶的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(4)中,A组分、B组分的质量比为100:(20-30)。
6.根据权利要求1所述的高硬度聚氨酯电子胶的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(1)中,含四氨基含氟硅烷的制备方法为:
S1、在氮气保护下,将2-全氟辛基乙醇、5-乙烯基间苯二甲酸、对苯二酚、对甲苯磺酸加入至甲苯溶剂中,搅拌分散,升温至110-130℃,回流反应5-10h,反应结束后,冷却至室温,过滤,旋转蒸发除去溶剂,得到中间体1;
S2、在氮气保护下,将中间体1、0.03-0.05mol/L的氯铂酸异丙醇溶液、甲基二氯硅烷加入至甲苯溶剂中,搅拌分散,于80-90℃下,反应4-8h,反应结束后,减压蒸馏,去离子水洗涤,干燥,得到中间体2;
S3、在氮气保护下,于0-5℃下,将中间体2、3,5-二硝基苯胺加入至正己烷溶剂中,搅拌分散,再向其中加入正丁基锂,继续搅拌分散,升温至15-25℃,搅拌反应6-12h,反应结束后,过滤,减压蒸馏,去离子水洗涤,干燥,得到中间体3;
S4、将中间体3加入至N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶剂中,向其中加入5-15%的Pd/C催化剂,进行还原反应,反应结束后,过滤,去离子水洗涤,干燥,得到含四氨基含氟硅烷。
7.根据权利要求6所述的高硬度聚氨酯电子胶的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S1中,2-全氟辛基乙醇、5-乙烯基间苯二甲酸、对苯二酚、对甲苯磺酸的摩尔比为(2-2.4):1:(0.15-0.2):(0.16-0.22)。
8.根据权利要求6所述的高硬度聚氨酯电子胶的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S2中,中间体1、甲基二氯硅烷的摩尔比为1:(1-1.5)。
9.根据权利要求6所述的高硬度聚氨酯电子胶的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S3中,中间体2、3,5-二硝基苯胺、正丁基锂的摩尔比为1:(2-3.2):(1.5-2.5)。
10.根据权利要求6所述的高硬度聚氨酯电子胶的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S4中,还原反应的时间为15-24h,温度为15-30℃。
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