CN114409891B - 阻燃性聚氨酯胶黏剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
阻燃性聚氨酯胶黏剂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114409891B CN114409891B CN202111665887.2A CN202111665887A CN114409891B CN 114409891 B CN114409891 B CN 114409891B CN 202111665887 A CN202111665887 A CN 202111665887A CN 114409891 B CN114409891 B CN 114409891B
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- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- SREPYNDHXBBQEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2,3-dibromopropyl) 3,3-dichloropropyl phosphate Chemical compound ClC(Cl)CCOP(=O)(OCC(Br)CBr)OCC(Br)CBr SREPYNDHXBBQEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- ACCCMOQWYVYDOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)O ACCCMOQWYVYDOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ASLWPAWFJZFCKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(1,3-dichloropropan-2-yl) phosphate Chemical compound ClCC(CCl)OP(=O)(OC(CCl)CCl)OC(CCl)CCl ASLWPAWFJZFCKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring
- C08G65/32—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08G65/329—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment with organic compounds
- C08G65/337—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment with organic compounds containing other elements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/4009—Two or more macromolecular compounds not provided for in one single group of groups C08G18/42 - C08G18/64
- C08G18/4018—Mixtures of compounds of group C08G18/42 with compounds of group C08G18/48
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- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
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- C08G18/42—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain
- C08G18/4266—Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain prepared from hydroxycarboxylic acids and/or lactones
- C08G18/4269—Lactones
- C08G18/4277—Caprolactone and/or substituted caprolactone
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- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
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- C08G18/48—Polyethers
- C08G18/50—Polyethers having heteroatoms other than oxygen
- C08G18/5075—Polyethers having heteroatoms other than oxygen having phosphorus
- C08G18/5081—Polyethers having heteroatoms other than oxygen having phosphorus having phosphorus bound to oxygen only
- C08G18/5084—Phosphate compounds
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- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
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- C08G65/335—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment with organic compounds containing phosphorus
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Abstract
本发明属于胶粘材料技术领域,公开了一种含磷改性材料,由聚苯醚多元醇与磷酸酯化合物反应制备得到,阻燃性聚氨酯胶黏剂包括A、B组分,A组分包括含磷改性材料、聚合物多元醇、除水剂,所述A组分中含磷改性材料的质量百分数为1‑20%,B组分包括多异氰酸酯固化剂。本发明通过合成特殊结构的含磷改性材料,可以显著提高阻燃剂的相容性及胶黏剂的阻燃性能,同时通过聚苯醚聚合物结构提高材料的粘接、耐热、耐老化等性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种胶黏剂材料,尤其是一种阻燃性聚氨酯胶黏剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
新能源汽车的快速发展促进相关产业的发展和完善,在电池导热结构胶用胶方面,不仅要求具有对各种功能材质较好的粘接,而且要求有较高的导热、耐老化、抗振动、低粘度及阻燃性能。同时,适应汽车在极寒地区的使用,以及有较好的环保要求。
聚氨酯胶粘剂是一类以多异氰酸酯与低聚物多元醇反应制备的嵌段共聚物。聚氨酯胶粘剂具有硬度范围较宽,有着优良的耐磨性,具有良好的弹性、耐化学腐蚀性和粘结性,气体透过率低,具有较优异的吸振性能。然而,聚氨酯是热的不良导体,导热系数仅为0.018~0.020W/m·K。其远远达不到导热的要求。近年来,聚氨酯导热结构胶单纯依靠导热填料的填充量来获得较高的导热性能。但是,由于导热等填料占比极大地情况下,胶粘剂粘度大幅度提升,固化后的胶粘剂硬度明显增加,从而使得粘接、拉伸、老化等力学性能已不能满足实际的使用要求,而且也很容易发生界面剥离等问题,亟需开发导热和阻燃兼顾同时具有优异的粘接和老化性能的双组份聚氨酯导热结构胶,它具有非常好的前景。
发明内容
为了解决上述现有技术存在的问题,本发明提供一种含磷改性材料、阻燃性聚氨酯胶黏剂及其制备方法,该聚氨酯胶黏剂中包括反应性含磷改性材料,具有优异的相容性和阻燃性能,同时可提高材料的耐湿热老化性能,使聚氨酯综合性能优异。
本发明采用的技术方案是:
一种含磷改性材料,由聚苯醚多元醇与式1所示磷酸酯化合物反应制备得到:
式1中,R1为卤素取代的C1-C3的烷基,R2及R3相同或不同地选自取代或未取代的芳烃基及C1-C5的烷基;所述聚苯醚多元醇的数均分子量为100-5000,羟值40-600mgKOH/g,所述聚苯醚多元醇的分子结构中具有至少3个羟基。
式1中,所述R1为卤素取代的C1-C3的烷基,所述烷基优选为异丙基。
式1中,R2及R3相同或不同地选自取代或未取代的芳烃基及C1-C5的烷基;所述芳烃基优选为苯基或甲苯基,所述C1-C5的烷基优选为乙基。
优选的,所述聚苯醚多元醇具有超支化结构,支化度为0.1-0.9,超支化结构可以有效提高胶黏剂的力学性能及耐热性能。
优选的,所述式1所示磷酸酯化合物为磷酸双(2,3-二溴丙基)二氯丙酯或磷酸三(2-氯丙基)酯和/或三(1,3-二氯-2-丙基)磷酸酯。
优选的,所述聚苯醚多元醇羟基基团与式1所示磷酸酯化合物的物质的量之比为1:(0.2-0.85)。
优选的,所述含磷改性材料的羟值为35-400mgKOH/g。
所述含磷改性材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
惰性气体条件下,将聚苯醚多元醇、碱和水混合,加入相转移催化剂及式1所示磷酸酯化合物,升温反应,冷却至室温,中和后分离得到含磷改性材料。
优选的,所述碱为氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾或氨水,其质量是聚苯醚多元醇质量的5%-30%,如果使用氨水,则氨水中NH3的质量是聚苯醚多元醇质量的5%-30%。优选的,所述水的质量为聚苯醚多元醇质量的25-35倍。
所述催化剂为相转移催化剂,优选为四丁基溴化铵、四丁基碘化铵、四丁基氯化铵,其用量为聚苯醚多元醇的5%-10%,用量过多对产物清洗工艺更复杂,过少会影响产率。
优选的,所述将聚苯醚多元醇、碱和水混合后升温至60-80℃搅拌1-5h,使聚苯醚多元醇充分溶解分散,提高反应效率。
优选的,所述加入催化剂及磷酸酯化合物前,将反应混合物温度降低至40-60℃。
优选的,所述磷酸酯化合物的加入方式是滴加,以提高反应效率。
优选的,所述升温反应是升温至70-90℃回流反应10-16小时。聚苯醚多元醇中的羟基与磷酸酯化合物中的R1基团在催化剂作用下发生亲核取代反应形成共价键,从而将磷酸酯基团接枝到聚苯醚主链上,同时聚苯醚多元醇中过量的羟基参与交联固化反应,可以显著提高阻燃剂的相容性及胶黏剂的阻燃性能、力学性能。
优选的,所述中和后分离得到含磷改性材料,是加酸溶液中和至中性,过滤,水洗干燥,得到含磷改性材料。所述酸溶液没有特殊限制,包括盐酸、硫酸、醋酸等,所述中和过程中反应产物逐渐析出,再进行过滤、分离、清洗、干燥即可。
一种阻燃性聚氨酯胶黏剂,包括A、B组分,所述A组分包括含磷改性材料、聚合物多元醇、除水剂,所述A组分中含磷改性材料的质量百分数为1-20%,所述B组分包括多异氰酸酯固化剂。
所述B组分的用量以其能够使A组分完全固化为基本要求。
根据实际,所述A组分还可包含消泡剂、偶联剂、着色剂以及功能填料等,所述B组分包括除水剂,具体物质种类及用量没有特殊限制,所述偶联剂用于增粘,可以为端环氧基硅烷偶联剂;所述着色剂为炭黑、绿色色膏、黄色色膏、红色色膏中的任一种,优选地,所述功能填料包括导热填料,所述导热填料为氧化铝、氮化铝、氮化硼、氮化硅、氧化镁中的任一种或多种。
优选的,所述所述A组分中含磷改性材料的质量百分数为1-10%.
优选的,所述聚合物多元醇包括聚酯多元醇和/或聚醚多元醇。所述聚酯多元醇包括所述聚酯多元醇为脂肪族聚酯多元醇、改性蓖麻油多元醇、芳香族聚酯多元醇、聚碳酸酯聚酯多元醇及聚己内酯多元醇中的一种或几种。所述改性蓖麻油多元醇的数均分子量为500-2000,平均官能度为2-3,羟值范围为180-240mgKOH/g,所述聚己内酯多元醇的平均分子量为500-2000,平均官能度为3,羟值范围为300-350mgKOH/g。
所述聚醚多元醇是主链含有醚键、端基或侧基含有大于2个羟基的低聚物,是以低分子量多元醇、多元胺或含活泼氢的化合物为起始剂,与氧化烯烃在催化剂作用下开环聚合而成,氧化烯烃主要是氧化丙烯(环氧丙烷),氧化乙烯(环氧乙烷),多元醇包括丙二醇、乙二醇等二元醇,优选其数均分子量为500-2000,平均官能度为2-3,羟值为100-240mgKOH/g。
所述除水剂为恶唑烷类除水剂。除水剂用于去除体系内的水分,消除气泡,改善粘附性。偶联剂为端环氧基硅烷偶联剂。
所述B组分包括多异氰酸酯固化剂,优选的,所述多异氰酸酯固化剂包括碳化二亚胺改性二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯(液化MDI)、多亚甲基多苯基异氰酸酯(PM200)、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、端异氰酸酯基(-NCO)聚氨酯预聚体中的一种或几种,所述碳化二亚胺改性二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯(液化MDI)、多亚甲基多苯基异氰酸酯(PM200)、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯的平均官能度为2-3,NCO含量为25-35%。
所述端异氰酸酯基(-NCO)聚氨酯预聚体是由聚醚多元醇、异氰酸酯化合物和小备的以-NCO封端的预聚体,NCO的含量为1-10%。其中,聚醚多元醇的数均分子量为1000-4000,选自聚氧化丙烯二醇或聚四氢呋喃二醇,异氰酸酯化合物为甲苯二异氰酸酯或二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯,小分子扩链剂为乙二醇、1,4-丁二醇、已二醇或者一缩二乙二醇,所述端异氰酸酯基(-NCO)聚氨酯预聚体的制备方法参照现有技术进行,或直接购买商品。
所述阻燃性聚氨酯的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
a)将含磷改性材料和聚合物多元醇除水后,抽真空条件下与吸水剂混合,密封出料,得A组分;
b)将多异氰酸酯固化剂除水后密封出料,得到B组分。
本发明中羟值按照DIN 53240-2测定,该方法中,试样与乙酸酐在作为催化剂的4-二甲基氨基吡啶存在下反应,其中羟基基团被乙酰化。其中,每个羟基基团形成一个分子的乙酸,而随后过量的乙酸酐的水解产生了两个分子乙酸。乙酸消耗通过滴定法从主值和同时测量的空白值之间的差值来确定。
本发明的技术方案具有以下有益效果:
本发明通过合成特殊结构的含磷改性材料,可以显著提高阻燃剂的相容性及胶黏剂的阻燃性能,同时通过聚苯醚聚合物结构提高材料的粘接、耐热、耐老化等性能,获得综合性能优异的阻燃性聚氨酯胶黏剂。
具体实施方式
以下所述是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和演变,这些改进和演变也视为本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
含磷改性材料的制备方法如下:
称量101g超支化聚苯醚多元醇(HBPPO,羟值为150mg KOH/g,支化度为0.6,数均分子量为2250,羟基官能度为5.96)、25g NaOH和3000g去离子水于三口烧瓶,在氮气氛围下升温至70℃搅拌3小时,降温至55℃,加入8g四丁基溴化铵,于55℃下继续搅拌半小时后,使用恒压漏斗开始滴加35g三(2-氯丙基)磷酸酯,在5min内滴完;滴完后,升温至70℃,保温回流反应10小时。冷却至室温后,加稀盐酸水溶液至中性,过滤;滤饼用水洗涤,在75℃下真空烘干,得到含磷改性材料,含磷改性材料的羟值为98mg KOH/g。
阻燃性聚氨酯胶黏剂的制备方法如下:
A组分的制备步骤:在三口烧瓶中加入3重量份含磷改性材料、15重量份聚己内酯多元醇(羟值为305mg KOH/g,数均分子量为540,生产厂家为佛山市金瑞奇化工有限公司,型号为Capa 3050)和30重量份改性蓖麻油(羟值为195mg KOH/g,生产厂家为北京森昌泰和科技有限责任公司,型号为H-368),加热至120℃后在抽真空状态下脱水3h,然后降温至50℃,加入1.75重量份分子筛,在真空状态条件下搅拌2h,出料,即得到A组分;
B组分的制备步骤:在三口烧瓶中加入14.9重量份端异氰酸酯基(-NCO)聚氨酯预聚体(生产厂家为旭川化学(苏州)有限公司,型号为XCPU-P865,NCO含量为6.6%)、24重量份聚合MDI(生产厂家为万华集团,型号为PM200)抽真空状态条件下密封出料,即得到B组分。
实施例2
含磷改性材料的制备方法如下:
称量101g超支化聚苯醚多元醇(HBPPO,羟值为150mg KOH/g,支化度为0.6,数均分子量为2250,羟基官能度为5.96)、10.1g NaOH和2500g去离子水于三口烧瓶,在氮气氛围下升温至60℃搅拌4小时,降温至50℃,加入6g四丁基氯化铵,于55℃下继续搅拌半小时后,使用恒压漏斗开始滴加21g三(2-氯丙基)磷酸酯,在5min内滴完;滴完后,升温至80℃,保温回流反应10小时,冷却至室温后,加稀盐酸水溶液至中性,过滤;滤饼用水洗涤,在75℃下真空烘干,得到含磷改性材料,含磷改性材料的羟值为120mg KOH/g。
阻燃性聚氨酯胶黏剂的制备方法如下:
A组分的制备步骤:在三口烧瓶中加入6重量份含磷改性材料、15重量份聚己内酯多元醇(羟值为305mg KOH/g,数均分子量为540,生产厂家为佛山市金瑞奇化工有限公司,型号为Capa 3050)和30重量份改性蓖麻油(羟值为195mg KOH/g,生产厂家为北京森昌泰和科技有限责任公司,型号为H-368),加热至120℃后在抽真空状态下脱水3h,然后降温至50℃,加入1.75重量份分子筛,在真空状态条件下搅拌2h,出料,即得到A组分;
B组分的制备步骤:在三口烧瓶中加入24重量份端异氰酸酯基(-NCO)聚氨酯预聚体(生产厂家为旭川化学(苏州)有限公司,型号为XCPU-P865,NCO含量为6.6%)、23重量份聚合MDI(生产厂家为万华集团,型号为PM-200)抽真空状态条件下密封出料,即得到B组分。
实施例3
含磷改性材料的制备方法如下:
称量101g超支化聚苯醚多元醇(HBPPO,羟值为150mg KOH/g,支化度为0.6,数均分子量为2250,羟基官能度为5.96)、40gNaOH和3500g去离子水于三口烧瓶,在氮气氛围下升温至80℃搅拌1小时,降温至60℃,加入10g四丁基碘化铵,于55℃下继续搅拌半小时后,使用恒压漏斗开始滴加74g三(2-氯丙基)磷酸酯,在5min内滴完;滴完后,升温至70℃,保温回流反应12小时。冷却至室温后,加稀盐酸水溶液至中性,过滤;滤饼用水洗涤,在75℃下真空烘干,得到含磷改性材料,含磷改性材料的羟值为38mg KOH/g。
阻燃性聚氨酯胶黏剂的制备方法如下:
A组分的制备步骤:在三口烧瓶中加入3重量份含磷改性材料、21重量份聚己内酯多元醇(羟值为305mg KOH/g,数均分子量为540,生产厂家为佛山市金瑞奇化工有限公司,型号为Capa 3050)和30重量份改性蓖麻油(羟值为195mg KOH/g,生产厂家为北京森昌泰和科技有限责任公司,型号为H-368),加热至120℃后在抽真空状态下脱水3h,然后降温至50℃,加入1.75重量份分子筛,在真空状态条件下搅拌2h,出料,即得到A组分;
B组分的制备步骤:在三口烧瓶中加入29.9重量份端异氰酸酯基(-NCO)聚氨酯预聚体(生产厂家为旭川化学(苏州)有限公司,型号为XCPU-P865,NCO含量为6.6%)、25重量份聚合MDI(生产厂家为万华集团,型号为PM-200)抽真空状态条件下密封出料,即得到B组分。
实施例4
含磷改性材料的制备方法如下:
称量101g超支化聚苯醚多元醇(HBPPO,羟值为450mg KOH/g,支化度为0.78,数均分子量为1200,羟基官能度为10)、25gNaOH和3000g去离子水于三口烧瓶,在氮气氛围下升温至70℃搅拌3小时,降温至55℃,加入8g四丁基溴化铵,于55℃下继续搅拌半小时后,使用恒压漏斗开始滴加35g三(2-氯丙基)磷酸酯,在5min内滴完;滴完后,升温至75℃,保温回流反应14小时。冷却至室温后,加稀盐酸水溶液至中性,过滤;滤饼用水洗涤,在75℃下真空烘干,得到含磷改性材料,含磷改性材料的羟值为390mg KOH/g。
阻燃性聚氨酯胶黏剂的制备方法如下:
A组分的制备步骤:在三口烧瓶中加入3重量份含磷改性材料、15重量份聚己内酯多元醇(羟值为305mg KOH/g,数均分子量为540,生产厂家为佛山市金瑞奇化工有限公司,型号为Capa 3050)和30重量份改性蓖麻油(羟值为195mg KOH/g,生产厂家为北京森昌泰和科技有限责任公司,型号为H-368),加热至120℃后在抽真空状态下脱水3h,然后降温至50℃,加入1.75重量份分子筛,在真空状态条件下搅拌2h,出料,即得到A组分;
B组分的制备步骤:在三口烧瓶中加入20.9重量份端异氰酸酯基(-NCO)聚氨酯预聚体(生产厂家为旭川化学(苏州)有限公司,型号为XCPU-P865,NCO含量为6.6%)、25重量份聚合MDI(生产厂家为万华集团,型号为PM200)抽真空状态条件下密封出料,即得到B组分。
对比实施例1
对比的阻燃性聚氨酯胶黏剂的制备方法如下:
A组分的制备步骤:在三口烧瓶中加入3重量份超支化聚苯醚多元醇(HBPPO,羟值为150mg KOH/g,支化度为0.6,数均分子量为2250)、1.04重量份三(2-氯丙基)磷酸酯、15重量份聚己内酯多元醇(羟值为305mg KOH/g,数均分子量为540,生产厂家为佛山市金瑞奇化工有限公司,型号为Capa 3050)和30重量份改性蓖麻油(羟值为195mg KOH/g,生产厂家为北京森昌泰和科技有限责任公司,型号为H-368),加热至120℃后在抽真空状态下脱水3h,然后降温至50℃,加入1.75重量份分子筛,在真空状态条件下搅拌2h,出料,即得到A组分;
B组分的制备步骤:在三口烧瓶中加入21.5重量份端异氰酸酯基(-NCO)聚氨酯预聚体(生产厂家为旭川化学(苏州)有限公司,型号为XCPU-P865,NCO含量为6.6%)、23重量份聚合MDI(生产厂家为万华集团,型号为PM-200)抽真空状态条件下密封出料,即得到B组分。
测试实施例
1、对实施例1-3及对比实施例1制备的阻燃性聚氨酯胶黏剂的A、B组分分别混合均匀后抽真空排泡,进行粘度测试:参考GB/T 2794-1995。
2、对实施例1-3及对比实施例1制备得到的阻燃性聚氨酯胶黏剂做以下性能测试:
将A、B组分倒入磨具内室温固化7×24h,固化块厚度6mm,宽度25mm,长度25mm,用邵A硬度计测试邵氏硬度,测试方法为:GB/T 531.1—2008。
3、将A、B组分混合均匀后涂布在脱脂处理过的铝板表面,将涂布了胶黏剂的铝板表面平行搭接,搭接面积25×15mm,室温放置固化7×24h,用万能拉力测试仪测试剪切强度(Mpa),测试方法参考GB/T 7124-2008。
4、将A、B组分混合均匀,倒入磨具内室温固化7×24h,裁切成厚度为2mm±0.2规格测试条,测试拉伸强度(Mpa),参考GB/T 528—2009。
5、将A、B组分混合均匀,倒入磨具内室温固化7×24h,裁切成厚度为2mm±0.2规格测试条,测试断裂伸长率,参考ASTM D412。
6、阻燃性能测试:将A、B组分混合均匀,倒入磨具内室温固化7×24h,裁切成规定规格长宽高为125mm×12.5mm×2mm测试条,测试阻燃性能,参考GB/T2408-2008标准。
7、老化性能:将A、B组分混合均匀,倒入磨具内室温固化7×24h后,裁切成厚度为2mm±0.2规格测试条,在高温高湿箱中进行85℃、85%湿度高温高湿老化处理2000h,测试老化前后的拉伸强度变化率;
将A、B组分混合均匀后涂布在脱脂处理过的铝板表面,将涂布了胶黏剂的铝板表面平行搭接,搭接面积25×15mm,室温放置固化7×24h,在高温高湿箱中进行85℃、85%湿度高温高湿老化处理2000h,用万能拉力测试仪测试老化前后的剪切强度变化率,测试方法参考GB/T 7124-2008。
测试数据列于表1。
表1
由表1数据可知,本发明通过改性反应使阻燃剂与聚苯醚多元醇结合,提高了阻燃剂的相容性,在降低粘度的同时获得阻燃性能以及力学性能、老化性能优异的胶黏剂,应用前景广阔。
以上内容是结合具体的优选实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详细说明,不能认定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干简单推演或替换,都应当视为属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (9)
1.一种含磷改性材料,其特征在于,由聚苯醚多元醇与式1所示磷酸酯化合物反应制备得到:
式1中,R1为卤素取代的C1-C3的烷基,R2及R3相同或不同地选自取代或未取代的芳烃基及C1-C5的烷基;所述聚苯醚多元醇的数均分子量为100-5000,羟值40-600mgKOH/g,所述聚苯醚多元醇的分子结构中具有至少3个羟基;
所述聚苯醚多元醇羟基基团与式1所示磷酸酯化合物的物质的量之比为1:(0.2-0.85)。
2.如权利要求1所述的含磷改性材料,其特征在于,式1中,所述R1为卤素取代的异丙基。
3.如权利要求1所述的含磷改性材料,其特征在于,式1中,R2及R3相同或不同地选自取代或未取代的苯基或甲苯基及乙基。
4.如权利要求1-3任一项所述的含磷改性材料,其特征在于,所述聚苯醚多元醇具有超支化结构,支化度为0.1-0.9。
5.如权利要求4所述的含磷改性材料,其特征在于,所述含磷改性材料的羟值为35-400mgKOH/g。
6.如权利要求1-3任一项所述的含磷改性材料的制备方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:
惰性气体条件下,将聚苯醚多元醇、碱和水混合,加入相转移催化剂及式1所示磷酸酯化合物,升温反应,冷却至室温,中和后分离得到含磷改性材料。
7.如权利要求6所述的含磷改性材料的制备方法,所述相转移催化剂的质量为聚苯醚多元醇的5%-10%。
8.如权利要求6所述的含磷改性材料的制备方法,所述升温反应是升温至70-90℃回流反应10-16小时。
9.一种阻燃性聚氨酯胶黏剂,包括A、B组分,所述A组分包括如权利要求1-3任一项所述的含磷改性材料、聚合物多元醇、除水剂,所述A组分中含磷改性材料的质量百分数为1-20%,所述B组分包括多异氰酸酯固化剂。
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