CN1176877A - 挤出机螺旋啮合喂料方法 - Google Patents

挤出机螺旋啮合喂料方法 Download PDF

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CN1176877A
CN1176877A CN97106074A CN97106074A CN1176877A CN 1176877 A CN1176877 A CN 1176877A CN 97106074 A CN97106074 A CN 97106074A CN 97106074 A CN97106074 A CN 97106074A CN 1176877 A CN1176877 A CN 1176877A
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feeding
extruder
feeding roller
roller
feeding method
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吕柏源
刘彦昌
刘彭振
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QINGTAO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING COLLEGE
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QINGTAO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING COLLEGE
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Priority to CN97106074A priority Critical patent/CN1176877A/zh
Publication of CN1176877A publication Critical patent/CN1176877A/zh
Priority to CNB988087731A priority patent/CN1155463C/zh
Priority to US09/486,980 priority patent/US6299340B1/en
Priority to PCT/CN1998/000180 priority patent/WO1999011450A1/zh
Priority to AU89713/98A priority patent/AU8971398A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/22—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor
    • B30B11/24—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor using screws or worms
    • B30B11/248—Means preventing the material from turning with the screw or returning towards the feed hopper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B29B7/40—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft
    • B29B7/42—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with single shaft with screw or helix
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/58—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/60—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations for feeding, e.g. end guides for the incoming material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/74—Mixing; Kneading using other mixers or combinations of mixers, e.g. of dissimilar mixers ; Plant
    • B29B7/7476—Systems, i.e. flow charts or diagrams; Plants
    • B29B7/7495—Systems, i.e. flow charts or diagrams; Plants for mixing rubber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
    • B29C48/402—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders the screws having intermeshing parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
    • B29C48/42—Non-identical or non-mirrored screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/501—Extruder feed section
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/535—Screws with thread pitch varying along the longitudinal axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/625—Screws characterised by the ratio of the threaded length of the screw to its outside diameter [L/D ratio]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/64—Screws with two or more threads
    • B29C48/645—Screws with two or more threads neighbouring threads and channels having identical configurations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/22—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor
    • B30B11/24—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor using screws or worms
    • B30B11/245—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor using screws or worms using two or more screws working in different chambers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B29B7/46—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft
    • B29B7/48—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws
    • B29B7/484—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary with more than one shaft with intermeshing devices, e.g. screws with two shafts provided with screws, e.g. one screw being shorter than the other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种橡胶、塑料及化学纤维等材料加工用的挤出机喂料方法,即挤出机螺旋啮合喂料方法,与现有喂料口活动部件相对应几何框架的支架座中制有喂料辊,其喂料辊上制有螺旋纹,与挤出机螺杆的喂料段上的螺纹形成非紧密啮合,当喂料辊随挤出机转动时,其螺旋力迫使物料通过啮合间隙进入挤出机,达到喂料效果,该方法技术路线新颖,所用装置制做工艺简便,挤出效率高,稳定性好,故障率低,可以替代现有旁压辊喂料方法。

Description

挤出机螺旋啮合喂料方法
本发明涉及一种橡胶、塑料及纤维挤出机(包括塑炼机、压片机等)的喂料方法，即挤出机螺旋啮合喂料方法。
挤出机问世初期采用的是自由喂料方法，在实践中经常出现由于机头的反压作用，导致喂料口堆积物料现象，而且在饥饿喂料状态下，容易产生物料打滑现象，既影响挤出机的生产效率，又影响挤出稳定性。后来，人们在喂料口处设置了旁压辊喂料装置，形成了旁压辊喂料方法，这种喂料方法克服了自由喂料存在的物料堆积和打滑现象，但由于其喂料装置的结构原因，使旁压辊喂料方法容易产生漏料以及将物料挤进旁压辊两端的轴承中，导致旁压辊出现故障。所以，目前所普遍采用的旁压辊喂料方法虽然有利于提高生产能力和挤出过程的稳定性，但仍存在喂料装置故障率高，结构复杂，挤出机喂料段加工难度大等缺点，为了克服这些缺点，找到一种理想的喂料方法，科研人员已开始将用在塑料挤出机喂料段中的轴向沟槽结构和螺纹沟槽结构引入到冷喂料挤出机中，以改变现有喂料方法，但效果均不理想。所以，至今冷喂料挤出机仍停留在旁压辊喂料方法的现状中。
本发明的目的在于克服现有的挤出机喂料方法中存在的缺点，寻求一种供橡胶、塑料及纤维挤出机使用的喂料方法，该方法在现有的旁压辊喂料方法的基础上设计出一种螺旋啮合喂料结构的装置，从而实现螺旋啮合喂料方法。
为了实现上述目的，本发明作为挤出机的喂料方法其辅助装置主要有支架座、压盖、齿轮、轴承、喂料辊及螺旋纹组成。支架座的几何框架与现有喂料口的活动部件对应，以便于与现有挤出机配套固定安装，横穿支架座中制有带轴的喂料辊，其两端经轴承固定于支架座上形成一体，两个轴承外分别制有压盖，以防止物料在挤压中溢出，喂料辊的轴左端制有齿轮，与挤出机上的主动齿轮啮合，挤出机转动时，带动喂料辊转动，在喂料辊上制有螺旋纹，与挤出机螺杆喂料段的螺纹形成非紧密啮合，当挤出机主轴转动时，带动喂料辊同步转动，喂料辊上的螺旋纹产生压力，迫使物料通过啮合间隙进入挤出机，从而完成螺旋啮合喂料方法。
本发明与现有技术方法相比具有技术路线新颖、合理，设备加工制做方便，挤出效率高，稳定性好等突出优点，而且可以克服现有旁压辊喂料方式中的故障率高的缺点。
图1为本发明方法所用装置的结构示意图。
下面结合附图进一步描述其实施方案。现有的挤出机一般情况下，其喂料口分为固定部分和活动部分，本发明所用装置既可作为现有挤出机喂料口活动部分的改进，也可以在制做新的挤出机时配套生产，以达到本发明的目的。本发明所用装置的主体结构由支架座1，左压盖2，齿轮3，左轴承4，喂料辊5，固定螺丝孔6，螺旋纹7，右轴承8，冷却水管9和右压盖10等组成。支架座1的几何框架与现有挤出机喂料口的活动部件对应，尤其是固定螺丝孔6应完全对应，以便于配合安装。横穿支架座1中制有同心轴喂料辊5，其喂料辊5的两端轴经左、右轴承4和8固定于支架座上形成可自由转动的一体，在两个轴承4和8外分别制有左、右压盖2和10，以防止挤压过程中，物料从轴承周围溢出。喂料辊5的轴上左轴承4外制有齿轮3，与挤出机主轴上的主动齿轮啮合，当挤出机转动时带动喂料辊5转动。喂料辊5上制有螺旋纹7，螺旋纹7与挤出机螺杆喂料段上的螺旋纹形成非紧密啮合，由于喂料辊5上的螺旋纹7在转动时可以产生螺旋压力迫使物料顺利通过两螺旋纹之间的缝隙，进入挤出机，从而实现螺旋啮合喂料方法。

Claims (1)

1、一种挤出机螺旋啮合喂料方法，其所用装置主要由支架座、压盖、齿轮、轴承、喂料辊及螺旋纹组成，横穿支架座中制有带轴的喂料辊，两端经轴承固定于支架座上形成一体，两个轴承外分别制有压盖，喂料辊的轴左端制有齿轮，其特征在于喂料辊上制有螺旋纹，与挤出机螺杆喂料段的螺纹形成非紧密啮合，当挤出机主轴转动时，带动喂料辊同步转动，喂料辊上的螺旋纹产生压力迫使物料通过啮合间隙进入挤出机，完成螺旋啮合喂料方法。
CN97106074A 1997-09-03 1997-09-03 挤出机螺旋啮合喂料方法 Pending CN1176877A (zh)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN97106074A CN1176877A (zh) 1997-09-03 1997-09-03 挤出机螺旋啮合喂料方法
CNB988087731A CN1155463C (zh) 1997-09-03 1998-09-03 挤出机喂料装置
US09/486,980 US6299340B1 (en) 1997-09-03 1998-09-03 Feeding apparatus and method in spiral engagement of extruder
PCT/CN1998/000180 WO1999011450A1 (en) 1997-09-03 1998-09-03 The feeding apparatus and method in spiral engagement of extruder
AU89713/98A AU8971398A (en) 1997-09-03 1998-09-03 The feeding apparatus and method in spiral engagement of extruder

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CN97106074A CN1176877A (zh) 1997-09-03 1997-09-03 挤出机螺旋啮合喂料方法

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Cited By (2)

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CN103587093A (zh) * 2013-11-07 2014-02-19 江苏美电电工机械科技有限公司 一种改进后的橡胶挤出机
CN106739104A (zh) * 2016-12-24 2017-05-31 信宜市晓锋农业科技发展有限公司 一种饲料成型机

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JP2002144313A (ja) * 2000-08-30 2002-05-21 Denso Corp セラミック成形体の押出成形装置
US7655728B2 (en) * 2005-06-27 2010-02-02 Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. Preparation of thermoplastic elastomers by dynamic vulcanization in multi-screw extruders
US8653170B2 (en) * 2005-06-27 2014-02-18 Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. Dynamic vulcanization process for preparing thermoplastic elastomers
DE102007051923B4 (de) * 2007-10-29 2011-03-10 Troester Gmbh & Co. Kg Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Verarbeitung polymerer Werkstoffe
CN101811360B (zh) * 2010-04-26 2013-07-17 青岛科技大学 橡胶螺旋啮合冷喂料挤出机
CN102582059A (zh) * 2012-02-23 2012-07-18 浙江栋斌橡机螺杆有限公司 一种用于挤出机上的喂料装置
US9180618B2 (en) * 2012-03-16 2015-11-10 King Abdulaziz City For Science And Technology Twin screw extruder
US9079334B2 (en) 2012-04-27 2015-07-14 King Abdulaziz City For Science And Technology Integrated single and twin screw extruder
CN103057083B (zh) * 2012-12-20 2015-07-01 华南理工大学 一种高分子材料偏心螺旋搅拌式强制喂料方法及其装置
CN104441561B (zh) * 2014-11-28 2017-09-05 桂林橡胶设计院有限公司 一种橡胶挤出机的双螺杆喂料装置
CN104934160A (zh) * 2015-06-01 2015-09-23 安庆钰龙橡塑机械制造有限公司 一种具有喂料机构的硅橡胶高压母线挤出生产系统
CN106089698B (zh) * 2016-08-05 2018-09-18 中国石油大学(华东) 一种高粘多杂质流体介质输送用双螺旋椭圆密封啮合副
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