CN117568296A - 一类p450羟化酶突变体及其合成r-卤代醇 - Google Patents
一类p450羟化酶突变体及其合成r-卤代醇 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种细胞色素P450羟化酶突变体及其应用,其氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示。通过定向进化的手段对来源于Deinococcus apachensis野生型菌株的P450酶活和不对称羟基化反应的R‑立体选择性进行蛋白质改造,提高了酶的活性和选择性,开发出了一系列可用于工业化生产R‑立体选择性卤代醇的P450酶突变体。并且,整个生产R‑立体选择性卤代醇的操作过程简单,工艺成熟,环境友好,具有广阔的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种细胞色素P450羟化酶突变体及其应用,属于生物工程技术领域。
背景技术
细胞色素P450羟化酶(CYPs)是一类亚铁血红素蛋白超家族,其还原态与CO结合后形成的络合物在450nm处出现特征吸收峰。作为最大的蛋白质超家族之一,人们已经在动物、植物、真菌、细菌和原生生物中发现了P450酶的编码基因。P450酶在温和条件下即可对多种结构类型的底物分子发挥生物催化作用,反应类型有羟基化反应、环氧化反应和脱烷基反应等。目前,随着定向进化等技术的发展,越来越多的P450酶作为重要生物催化剂被应用于药物合成等领域。
R-立体选择性卤代醇,含有两个重要的官能团,能够发生多样性转化,是有机合成中重要的中间体。并且,R-立体选择性卤代醇作为杜洛西汀、氟西汀、托莫西汀和达泊西汀等重磅药物合成的重要中间体,在药物化学领域具有重要应用。目前,R-立体选择性卤代醇的主要生产方法为化学合成法,主要为过渡金属催化不对称氢化法,但是这种方法虽然得率高,能耗却较大,同时会对环境产生毒害作用,不符合绿色生产、安全生产和可持续发展的要求。通过生物法制备R-立体选择性卤代醇具有产品质量稳定安全、工艺条件温和、高效、环保等特点,可以减轻环境和资源压力,因此迫切需要一种有效的生物法高效制备R-立体选择性卤代醇,促进西汀类药物工业化生产具有重大意义。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题,本发明提供一种细胞色素P450羟化酶P450DA突变体及其应用。本发明通过迭代饱和突变的技术手段对来源于的P450DA羟化酶进行多轮定向改造,获得不对称羟基化活性和选择性提高的P450DA突变体M187A/T442S/N190F/V365L/A486E。该P450DA突变体可应用于催化卤代烷烃化合物不对称羟基化合成R构型手性卤代醇化合物,具有优秀的区域选择性和立体选择性,且操作过程简单、高效。
为了达到上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:
一种细胞色素P450羟化酶P450DA突变体,其氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示。
进一步的,所述突变体为多位点突变,所述多位点突变包括:M187A、T442S、N190F、V365L、A486E。
本发明的目的之二在于提供了一种载体,所述载体中包含编码上述P450DA突变体的基因。
本发明的目的之三在于提供了一种遗传工程菌,所述遗传工程菌中包含如上述载体。
本发明的目的之四在于提供了上述P450DA突变体、或上述载体,或上述遗传工程菌在催化卤代烷烃化合物不对称羟基化反应中的应用。
进一步的,所述不对称羟基化为烷基C-H键不对称羟基化。
进一步的,所述卤代烷烃化合物的化学通式如下:
其中,R表示任选取代的芳基或烷基,X表示氟原子、氯原子、溴原子或碘原子。
本发明的工作原理及有益效果:P450DA突变体命名为P450DA-M3-M187A/T442S,其氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示的P450DA羟化酶的氨基酸序列第187位、第442位、第190位、第365位、第486位中所有氨基酸突变,其氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示。
①与细胞色素P450羟化酶P450DA亲本酶相比,本发明提供的P450DA-M3-M187A/T442S突变体立体选择性显著提高,其能够高效催化模板底物氯代苯丙烷的碳氢键不对称羟基化生成手性产物(R)-氯代苯丙醇,ee值为94%,产率为61%;
②P450DA-M3-M187A/T442S突变体能够催化多种卤代烷烃的不对称羟基化反应,具有较高的产率和优异的R构型立体选择性合成R构型手性卤代醇。
附图说明
图1为P450DA-M3-M187A/T442S突变体催化氯代苯丙烷化合物(I)合成R构型手性氯代苯丙醇产物(II)。
图2为反应制备的R构型手性氯代苯丙醇产物(II)的核磁共振氢谱谱图。
图3为反应制备的R构型手性氯代苯丙醇产物(II)的核磁共振碳谱谱图。
图4为反应制备的R构型手性氯代苯丙醇产物(II)的液相分析谱图。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施方式进一步详细说明:
实施例1:P450羟化酶的突变与筛选
本发明以含亲本P450DA单加氧酶基因的表达质粒为模板,设计并合成对应的PCR引物(如表1所示),利用定点饱和突变PCR技术进行单点饱和突变,扩增产物转化宿主细胞,构建定点饱和突变文库。
表1P450DA迭代饱和突变引物
质粒的提取参考Axygen AP-MN-P-50质粒小量制备试剂盒说明书进行操作。
定点饱和突变通过在相应目标位点插入简化密码子NNK(N=A/T/G/C,K=T/G),对位点进行20个氨基酸的随机替换。
采用以下PCR扩增体系与循环条件进行PCR。
PCR扩增体系如表2所示:
表2 PCR体系
按照表3的循环条件进行PCR。
表3 P450PL2迭代饱和突变PCR反应程序
PCR反应程序中,设置第3步退火温度时,可通过设置梯度温度程序来确定退火温度,根据上海生工生物工程股份有限公司合成引物后提供的退火温度值,以此±5℃设置梯度程序。
琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测PCR产物:配制0.9%琼脂糖凝胶,以1×TAE为电泳凝胶介质,1kb Ladder DNA Marker为对照,取5μL PCR扩增产物与1μL 6×RNA/DNA loading buffer混合后上样,于110V电压下电泳分离40min。取出凝胶,在紫外下检测9000bp左右是否有目的条带,若有,则进行后续操作。
PCR产物的消化与纯化:①消化:电泳检测后剩余PCR产物使用1.8μL FastDigestDpn I和5.2μL 10×FastDigest buffer混匀后,置于37℃恒温培养箱5h进行消化;②纯化:参考Axygen PCR纯化试剂盒说明书进行PCR消化产物的纯化。
热击法质粒转化:从-80℃冰箱内取出E.coli BL21(DE3)感受态细胞置于冰浴内待其融化,取5μL纯化后PCR产物缓慢加入至E.coli BL21(DE3)感受态细胞中,冰浴30min后取出,立即转入42℃水浴锅内热激90s,再置于冰浴中静置2min。在超净台内加入600μLTB液体培养基,37℃、150rpm条件下,于恒温摇床中复苏1h,随后吸取200μL复苏后的菌液涂布在含Kan抗性的LB固体平板中,在37℃恒温培养箱内培养12~14h。
将突变体诱导表达后进行反应结果的初步筛选,挑选催化模板底物氯代苯丙烷合成手性(R)-氯代苯丙醇效果好的突变菌进行复筛反应,结合高效液相色谱分析确认,获得催化活性提高的优良突变体。在此基础上,以该优良突变体为模板,进行下一轮其它位点的定点饱和突变,重复同样的筛选策略,最终获得活性更高的细胞色素P450羟化酶P450DA突变体。如表4所示,在P450羟化酶的突变与筛选实施例中,获得优良P450羟化酶突变体P450DA-M3-M187A/T442S,其催化模板底物氯代苯丙烷合成手性(R)-氯代苯丙醇的光学纯度提高至94%ee,产率提高至61%。
实施例2:P450羟化酶突变体P450DA-M3-M187A/T442S工程菌株的表达
从LB固体培养基平板上挑取活化后的P450羟化酶突变体P450DA-M3-M187A/T442S,接种到50mL含Kan抗性(终浓度50μg/mL)的TB液体培养基中,37℃和250rpm条件下培养8h。按1%体积比将菌液转入相应大体系TB培养基(Kan抗性,终浓度50μg/mL)中,37℃和250rpm条件下培养约1.5h(OD600=0.6~0.8)后,加入终浓度为0.12mM的IPTG(异丙基-β-D-硫代半乳糖苷),于25℃和250rpm条件下培养12h诱导酶蛋白表达。使用离心机收集培养物(离心条件为4℃、9000rpm、3min),获得含有P450羟化酶突变体P450DA-M3-M187A/T442S蛋白的重组全细胞,用于后续生物催化反应。
实施例3:P450羟化酶突变体P450DA-M3-M187A/T442S重组细胞催化氯代苯丙烷合成手性(R)-氯代苯丙醇(式1)
式1
向25mL具塞磨口三角瓶中加入5mL含有P450羟化酶突变体P450DA-M3-M187A/T442S重组细胞(20g cdw/L)的磷酸盐缓冲液(0.01M,pH 8.5),同时加入终浓度为5mM的氯代苯丙烷。三角瓶在30℃和250rpm条件下振荡反应6h。待反应结束后,加入5mL含有内标物的乙酸乙酯充分萃取反应液,9000rpm、15℃条件下高速离心混合液至分层,取1mL有机相至含有适量无水硫酸钠的1.5mL EP管中,干燥后的有机相用微孔滤膜(0.22μm)过滤,滤液装入干净液相分析样品瓶中,经HPLC检测分析,产物(R)-氯代苯丙醇的产率为61%,ee值为94%。
本实施例中HPLC分析采用的是日本岛津LC-20A体系和Chiralcel OD-H柱,流动相采用的是正己烷-异丙醇(体积比95:5)梯度洗脱30min,检测波长是210nm,流速是0.35mL/min。
取500mL具塞磨口三角瓶,分别加入100mL含有P450羟化酶突变体P450DA-M3-M187A/T442S重组细胞(20g cdw/L)的磷酸盐缓冲液(0.01M,pH 8.5),同时加入终浓度为5mM的苯丙酮。三角瓶在30℃和250rpm条件下振荡反应6h。待反应结束后,合并反应液并加入等体积乙酸乙酯充分萃取反应液,9000rpm、15℃条件下高速离心混合液至分层,有机层用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,滤液经减压浓缩和硅胶柱层析纯化,获得目标产物(R)-氯代苯丙醇。NMR表征数据:1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ7.5–7.3(m,5H),4.9(dd,J=8.4,4.8Hz,1H),3.7–3.3(m,2H),2.4–2.1(m,2H),2.1(s,1H).13C NMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ143.7,128.9,127.9,125.8,72.5,41.6,30.5..高分辨质谱表征:HRMS(ESI-TOF)Calcd.for C9H11ONaBr[M+Na]+:236.9891;found:236.9897.
Claims (10)
1.一种细胞色素P450羟化酶突变体,所述突变体是将氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示的细胞色素P450羟化酶的第187位、第442位、第190位、第365位的氨基酸中的一个或多个进行突变得到的,具体为以下(a)~(f)任一:
(a)将氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示的细胞色素P450羟化酶的第187位突变为丙氨酸;
(b)将氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示的细胞色素P450羟化酶的第442位突变为丝氨酸;
(c)将氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示的细胞色素P450羟化酶的第187位和442位同时突变,分别突变为丙氨酸和丝氨酸;
(d)将氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示的细胞色素P450羟化酶的第187位、第442位、第190位同时进行突变,分别突变为丙氨酸、丝氨酸和苯丙氨酸;
(e)将氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示的细胞色素P450羟化酶的第187位、第442位、第190位、第365位同时进行突变,分别突变为丙氨酸、丝氨酸、苯丙氨酸和亮氨酸。
(f)将氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示的细胞色素P450羟化酶的第187位、第442位、第190位、第365位、第486位同时进行突变,分别突变为丙氨酸、丝氨酸、苯丙氨酸、亮氨酸和谷氨酸。
2.编码权利要求1所述的突变体的基因。
3.含有权利要求2所述基因的载体。
4.表达权利要求1所述突变体,或含有权利要求2所述基因的重组微生物细胞。
5.根据权利要求4所述的重组微生物细胞,其特征在于,以大肠杆菌、毕赤酵母为宿主细胞。
6.一种制备R-立体选择性卤代醇的方法,其特征在于,所述方法是以卤代烷烃为底物,利用权利要求1所述突变体,或权利要求4~5任一所述重组微生物细胞转化生产R-立体选择性卤代醇。
7.根据权利要求6所述的方法,其特征在于,将权利要求4~5任一所述重组微生物细胞添加至含有卤代烷烃的反应体系中,使得重组微生物细胞在反应体系中的浓度为10~40g/L;在pH 5.5~9.0、25~40℃条件下反应4~48h。
8.根据权利要求7所述的方法,其特征在于,反应体系由水相组成水相为pH 5.5~9.0的磷酸缓冲液;反应体系中底物量为1~20mol/L,在摇床25~40℃条件下反应4~48h。
9.权利要求1所述突变体或权利要求4~5任一所述重组微生物细胞在制备R-立体选择性卤代醇中的应用。
10.权利要求1所述突变体或权利要求4~5任一所述重组微生物细胞在催化卤代烷烃化合物不对称羟基化反应中的应用,其特征在于:所述卤代烷烃化合物的化学通式如下:
其中,R表示任选取代取代的芳基或烷基,X表示氟原子、氯原子、溴原子或碘原子。
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