CN117562852A - 一种透明、隐形的外用药物制剂的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种透明、隐形的外用药物制剂的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN117562852A CN117562852A CN202311548969.8A CN202311548969A CN117562852A CN 117562852 A CN117562852 A CN 117562852A CN 202311548969 A CN202311548969 A CN 202311548969A CN 117562852 A CN117562852 A CN 117562852A
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- polyvinyl alcohol
- trehalose
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种透明、隐形的外用药物制剂的制备方法,属于药物制剂技术领域,步骤S1、准备以下重量份原料:6‑16份青藤碱、4‑12份黄芪总皂苷、3‑9份白藜芦醇、60‑80份棕榈油、4‑12份改性聚乙烯醇、6‑14份甘油、2‑4份氮酮、35‑45份无水乙醇、100‑220份去离子水;步骤S2、制备基质溶液;步骤S3、制备混合溶液;步骤S4、共混、匀质;本发明中的改性聚乙烯醇具有热稳定性、抗氧化性和抗炎活性,配合青藤碱、白藜芦醇和黄芪皂苷等活性组分提高单位质量的包封复合物的生物活性的同时,进一步增强治疗类风湿性关节炎功效。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及药物制剂技术领域,具体为一种透明、隐形的外用药物制剂的制备方法。
背景技术
类风湿性关节炎是一种以对称性多关节炎为主要临床表现,以滑膜炎、血管炎为基本病理特点的具有慢性进行性关节滑膜侵蚀病变的系统性自身免疫性疾病。目前治疗类风湿性关节炎的中药有效成分众多,譬如青藤碱、白藜芦醇和雷公藤甲素等,它们均能够发挥止痛,改善炎症,调节免疫功能,保护软骨,减少血管翳形成及抑制滑膜增生等药理作用,但是,青藤碱和白藜芦醇存在有药物溶解度低、生物半衰期较短和生物利用度低的问题,通过口服或静脉注射雷公藤甲素毒性较大,临床使用受到了限制。
外用药物制剂可广泛应用于皮肤病治疗、外伤、止痛、保健美容等领域,其中,涂膜剂作为一种较为先进的经皮给药制剂可以维持持久、恒定可控的血药浓度且制备工艺简单使用便捷是理想的外用制剂剂型。
目前,提高青藤碱生物利用率的方法是对其进行包封,得到包封复合物,常用的包封材料为环糊精,环糊精的包封虽然可以提高青藤碱的溶解性和光热稳定性,但是由于环糊精没有生物活性,而为了提高包封率加入了远高于青藤碱质量的环糊精,进而导致单位质量的包封复合物的生物活性降低。因此,需要提供一种不仅可以对青藤碱进行包封提高其光热稳定性和溶解性,还具有一定生物活性的包封材料。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种透明、隐形的外用药物制剂的制备方法,以解决背景技术中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:
一种透明、隐形的外用药物制剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤S1、准备以下重量份原料:6-16份青藤碱、4-12份黄芪总皂苷、3-9份白藜芦醇、60-80份棕榈油、4-12份改性聚乙烯醇、6-14份甘油、2-4份氮酮、35-45份无水乙醇、100-220份去离子水;
步骤S2、制备基质溶液:按重量份,将改性聚乙烯醇用1/3重量份去离子水溶胀16-24h,再置于95℃水浴加热溶胀成凝胶状,在不断搅拌下混合均匀,得到基质溶液;
步骤S3、制备混合溶液:按重量份,将青藤碱和黄芪总皂苷溶于无水乙醇中,再加入甘油、氮酮和剩余重量份的去离子水,搅拌使溶解,再加入步骤S2中制备得到的基质溶液中,搅拌均匀,得到混合溶液;
步骤S4、共混、匀质:将白藜芦醇溶解在棕榈油中,然后添加至步骤S3制备的混合溶液中进行均质,再经超声处理,搅匀,过滤,经无菌处理后分装于涂膜器中,得到透明、隐形的外用药物制剂。
进一步的,改性聚乙烯醇的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤A1、将海藻糖溶于无水DMF中,边搅拌边加入甘氨酸、4-二甲氨基吡啶和三乙胺,升温至65-75℃,搅拌反应2-3h,再加入冰乙醚沉淀离子,收集产物,将产物重复溶解沉淀2-4次,得到羧基化海藻糖,其中,海藻糖、无水DMF、甘氨酸、4-二甲氨基吡啶、三乙胺和冰乙醚的用量比为1-2g:60-120mL:0.3-0.6g:0.36-0.72g:0.4-0.8mL:160-220mL,在上述反应过程中,以无水DMF为溶剂,4-二甲氨基吡啶为催化剂,三乙胺为缚酸剂,海藻糖上的羟基与甘氨酸上的羧基发生酯化反应,得到羧基化海藻糖;
步骤A2、将羧基化海藻糖、1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐和4-二甲氨基吡啶在反应瓶中溶于去离子水,冰水浴条件下搅拌10-30min;将聚乙烯醇溶于95℃的热去离子水中,完全溶解后降至室温,将聚乙烯醇溶液加入到反应瓶中,室温反应1-3天;反应结束后使用透析袋进行透析处理1-3天,冻干得到聚乙烯醇-接枝-海藻糖,其中,羧基化海藻糖、1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐、4-二甲氨基吡啶、去离子水和聚乙烯醇溶液的用量比为0.6-1.2g:0.3-0.6g:0.18-0.36g:65-75mL:6-8mL,聚乙烯醇溶液的浓度为10-110mg/mL,在上述反应过程中,以4-二甲氨基吡啶为催化剂,1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐为脱水剂,羧基化海藻糖和聚乙烯醇上的羟基发生酯化反应,得到聚乙烯醇-接枝-海藻糖;
步骤A3、室温下,将聚乙烯醇-接枝-海藻糖加入去离子水中,滴加京尼平和无水乙醇的混合液a,控制在30min内滴完,滴毕,继续搅拌反应16-24h,用0.1M的磷酸氢二钠水溶液调节pH为7.2-7.6,透析1-3天,冻干,得到改性聚乙烯醇,其中,聚乙烯醇-接枝-海藻糖、去离子水和混合液a的用量比为0.4-0.6g:55-75mL:10mL,混合液a中,京尼平和无水乙醇的用量比为0.1-0.2g:10mL,在上述过程中,京尼平和聚乙烯醇-接枝-海藻糖上的氨基发生生物交联,得到改性聚乙烯醇。
进一步的,聚乙烯醇为聚乙烯醇124。
进一步的,步骤A3中,透析膜截留分子量为8000-12000Da。
青藤碱是从中药青风藤中提取的单体生物碱,具有祛风除湿止痛、消炎、免疫抑制与免疫调节等作用;黄芪皂苷是从黄芪药材中提取出来的各三萜皂苷类成分的总称,具有多种药理活性,包括调节免疫、抗衰老、抗炎、清除氧自由基等功能,现代研究表明,它能通过抑制炎症反应及促进软骨细胞的增殖调控软骨代谢,达到治疗关节炎的作用;白藜芦醇是一种广泛存在于自然界的多种植物中的非黄酮类多酚化合物,它不仅具有良好的抗炎、抗氧化、抗衰老、抗增殖、心肌保护及免疫调节作用,而且现代研究表明,它还能够有效的激活Sirt1多途径调控RA相关的免疫细胞及信号通路发挥抗炎、抗氧化作用、抗骨侵蚀作用。本发明通过青藤碱、黄芪皂苷和白藜芦醇的协同作用,达到治疗关节炎的作用。
海藻糖是由两个吡喃葡萄糖基以α,α-1,1-糖苷键连结的非还原性二糖,它不仅自身具有良好的成膜性和渗透性,而且还有着抗氧化和抗自由基作用;京尼平为清热解毒中药栀子有效成分栀子苷水解后的苷元部分,属于环烯醚萜类化合物,现代研究表明,京尼平具有抗炎、抗过敏及免疫抑制等多种药理活性,同时,在本申请中,它能与聚乙烯醇-接枝-海藻糖发生化学交联,本发明通过海藻糖和京尼平的协同作用,达到治疗关节炎的作用,提高单位质量的包封物质的生物活性。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益效果:(1)本发明技术方案中,改性聚乙烯醇由聚乙烯醇结构、海藻糖结构和京尼平结构三种结构构成,制备得到的改性聚乙烯醇不但具有自身良好的生物相容性、成膜性、黏结性和耐溶剂性,而且它还能发挥海藻糖结构优异的热稳定性和抗氧化性,利用改性聚乙烯醇对青藤碱、黄芪皂苷和白藜芦醇进行包封,可以提高青藤碱和白藜芦醇的光热稳定性。另一方面,改性聚乙烯醇上京尼平结构具有抗炎、抗过敏及免疫抑制等多种药理活性,京尼平结构的抗炎和免疫抑制功能、青藤碱、白藜芦醇和黄芪皂苷三种活性物质发挥协同作用,从而提高单位质量的包封复合物的生物活性。
(2)本发明技术方案中,青藤碱具有祛风除湿止痛、消炎、免疫抑制与免疫调节等作用;黄芪皂苷能通过抑制炎症反应及促进软骨细胞的增殖调控软骨代谢,达到治疗关节炎的作用;白藜芦醇能够有效的激活Sirt1多途径调控RA相关的免疫细胞及信号通路发挥抗炎、抗氧化作用、抗骨侵蚀作用,海藻糖不仅自身具有良好的成膜性和渗透性,而且还有着抗氧化和抗自由基作用,京尼平具有抗炎、抗过敏及免疫抑制等多种药理活性。本发明通过青藤碱、黄芪皂苷、白藜芦醇以及改性聚乙烯醇的共同作用,显著提高外用药物制剂治疗类风湿性关节炎功效。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
优选的,本实施例提供一种改性聚乙烯醇的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤A1、将1.5g海藻糖溶于90mL无水DMF中,边搅拌边加入0.45g甘氨酸、0.54g 4-二甲氨基吡啶和0.6mL三乙胺,升温至70℃,搅拌反应2.5h,再加入190mL冰乙醚沉淀离子,收集产物,将产物重复溶解沉淀3次,得到羧基化海藻糖;
步骤A2、将0.9g羧基化海藻糖、0.45g 1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐和0.27g 4-二甲氨基吡啶在反应瓶中溶于70mL去离子水,冰水浴条件下搅拌20min;将聚乙烯醇溶于95℃的热去离子水中,完全溶解后降至室温,将7mL聚乙烯醇溶液加入到反应瓶中,室温反应2天;反应结束后使用透析袋进行透析处理2天,冻干得到聚乙烯醇-接枝-海藻糖,其中,聚乙烯醇溶液的浓度为60mg/mL;
步骤A3、室温下,将0.5g聚乙烯醇-接枝-海藻糖加入65mL去离子水中,滴加0.15g京尼平和10mL去离子水的混合液a,控制在30min内滴完,滴毕,继续搅拌反应20h,用0.1M的磷酸氢二钠水溶液调节pH为7.4,透析2天,冻干,得到改性聚乙烯醇。
实施例2
本实施例提供一种透明、隐形的外用药物制剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤S1、准备以下重量份原料:16份青藤碱、12份黄芪总皂苷、9份白藜芦醇、80份棕榈油、4份实施例1制备得到的改性聚乙烯醇、6份甘油、2份氮酮、35份无水乙醇、100份去离子水;
步骤S2、制备基质溶液:按重量份,将改性聚乙烯醇用1/3重量份去离子水溶胀16h,再置于95℃水浴加热溶胀成凝胶状,在不断搅拌下混合均匀,得到基质溶液;
步骤S3、制备混合溶液:按重量份,将青藤碱和黄芪总皂苷溶于无水乙醇中,再加入甘油、氮酮和剩余重量份的去离子水,搅拌使溶解,再加入步骤S2中制备得到的基质溶液中,搅拌均匀,得到混合溶液;
步骤S4、共混、匀质:将白藜芦醇溶解在棕榈油中,然后添加至步骤S3制备的混合溶液中进行均质,再经超声处理,搅匀,过滤,经无菌处理后分装于涂膜器中,得到透明、隐形的外用药物制剂。
实施例3
本实施例提供一种透明、隐形的外用药物制剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤S1、准备以下重量份原料:11份青藤碱、8份黄芪总皂苷、6份白藜芦醇、70份棕榈油、8份实施例1制备得到的改性聚乙烯醇、10份甘油、3份氮酮、40份无水乙醇、160份去离子水;
步骤S2、制备基质溶液:按重量份,将改性聚乙烯醇用1/3重量份去离子水溶胀20h,再置于95℃水浴加热溶胀成凝胶状,在不断搅拌下混合均匀,得到基质溶液;
步骤S3、制备混合溶液:按重量份,将青藤碱和黄芪总皂苷溶于无水乙醇中,再加入甘油、氮酮和剩余重量份的去离子水,搅拌使溶解,再加入步骤S2中制备得到的基质溶液中,搅拌均匀,得到混合溶液;
步骤S4、共混、匀质:将白藜芦醇溶解在棕榈油中,然后添加至步骤S3制备的混合溶液中进行均质,再经超声处理,搅匀,过滤,经无菌处理后分装于涂膜器中,得到透明、隐形的外用药物制剂。。
实施例4
本实施例提供一种透明、隐形的外用药物制剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤S1、准备以下重量份原料:16份青藤碱、12份黄芪总皂苷、9份白藜芦醇、80份棕榈油、12份实施例1制备得到的改性聚乙烯醇、14份甘油、4份氮酮、45份无水乙醇、220份去离子水;
步骤S2、制备基质溶液:按重量份,将改性聚乙烯醇用1/3重量份去离子水溶胀24h,再置于95℃水浴加热溶胀成凝胶状,在不断搅拌下混合均匀,得到基质溶液;
步骤S3、制备混合溶液:按重量份,将青藤碱和黄芪总皂苷,溶于无水乙醇中,再加入甘油、氮酮和剩余重量份的去离子水,搅拌使溶解,再加入步骤S2中制备得到的基质溶液中,搅拌均匀,得到混合溶液;
步骤S4、共混、匀质:将白藜芦醇溶解在棕榈油中,然后添加至步骤S3制备的混合溶液中进行均质,再经超声处理,搅匀,过滤,经无菌处理后分装于涂膜器中,得到透明、隐形的外用药物制剂。
对比例1
本对比例提供一种聚乙烯醇124。
对比例2
将实施例1中的甘氨酸去除,其余原料及制备方法保持不变,再将制备得到的物质替换为实施例3中的改性聚乙烯醇,其余原料及制备方法保持不变。
对比例3
将实施例1中的海藻糖去除,其余原料及制备方法保持不变,再将制备得到的物质替换为实施例3中的改性聚乙烯醇,其余原料及制备方法保持不变。
对比例4
将实施例1中的京尼平去除,其余原料及制备方法保持不变,再将制备得到的物质替换为实施例3中的改性聚乙烯醇,其余原料及制备方法保持不变。
对比例5
将实施例2中的改性聚乙烯醇替换为对比例1中提供的物质,其余原料及制备过程保持不变。
性能检测:
用于治疗和预防类风湿性关节炎的组合物的使用效果
1.小鼠RA模型的建立:弗氏完全佐剂诱导的RA模型;分别用1mL胰岛素注射器取20μL和80μL弗氏完全佐剂注射于小鼠左侧后足的踩关节腔内及关节周围,免疫3天后小鼠关节即出现肿胀,7-10d后关节肿胀基本可达到峰值,关节活动出现障碍甚至破行,14d后小鼠足趾肿胀趋于稳定,RA模型建立完成。正常对照组小鼠的左侧后足踩关节腔内及关节周围注射同体积的生理盐水。
2、分组及给药:8周龄雌性小鼠,适应性喂养1周后,随机分为3组,分别为空白组、RA模型组、试验组。具体给药情况如下:
空白组:正常小鼠左侧后足踩关节涂抹生理盐水,每日1次,1次涂抹2g,周期为16d;
模型组:RA小鼠左侧后足的踩关节腔内及关节周围涂抹生理盐水,每日1次,1次涂抹2g,周期为16d;
试验组1:RA小鼠左侧后足的踩关节腔内及关节周围涂覆实施例2所制外用药物制剂,每日1次,1次涂抹2g,周期为16d;
试验组2:RA小鼠左侧后足的踩关节腔内及关节周围涂覆实施例3所制外用药物制剂,每日1次,1次涂抹2g,周期为16d;
试验组3:RA小鼠左侧后足的踩关节腔内及关节周围涂覆实施例4所制外用药物制剂,每日1次,1次涂抹2g,周期为16d;
试验组4:RA小鼠左侧后足的踩关节腔内及关节周围涂覆对比例2所制外用药物制剂,每日1次,1次涂抹2g,周期为16d。
试验组5:RA小鼠左侧后足的踩关节腔内及关节周围涂覆对比例3所制外用药物制剂,每日1次,1次涂抹2g,周期为16d。
试验组6:RA小鼠左侧后足的踩关节腔内及关节周围涂覆对比例4所制外用药物制剂,每日1次,1次涂抹2g,周期为16d。
试验组7:RA小鼠左侧后足的踩关节腔内及关节周围涂抹对比例5所制外用药物制剂,每日1次,1次涂抹2g,周期为16d。
试验组8:RA小鼠左侧后足的踩关节腔内及关节周围涂覆实施例4所制外用药物制剂,每日1次,1次涂抹2g,周期为16d。
小鼠关节直径及肿胀程度测定:小鼠左后足踩关节注射弗氏完全佐剂诱导炎症发生,给药前用便携式测厚仪分别测量各组小鼠关节直径,并根据其肿胀程度进行关节评分,每隔2d检测1次,每次测定同一位置,至实验结束。小鼠踩关节的病变程度按5级评分法,评分标准如表2;
表2
小鼠关节直径的测量结果如表3所示:
表3
空白组小鼠关节在正常范围内轻微波动,模型组关节一直处于肿胀状态,关节直径较粗,且一直稳定,同时相对于试验例4-8,试验例1-3中的小鼠的关节肿胀明显下降,因此,综上所述,相对于对比例2-5,实施例2-4制备得到的外用药物制剂具有更加优异的治疗效果。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型,本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。
Claims (8)
1.一种透明、隐形的外用药物制剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤S1、准备以下重量份原料:6-16份青藤碱、4-12份黄芪总皂苷、3-9份白藜芦醇、60-80份棕榈油、4-12份改性聚乙烯醇、6-14份甘油、2-4份氮酮、20-40份无水乙醇、100-220份去离子水;
步骤S2、制备基质溶液:按重量份,将改性聚乙烯醇用1/3重量份去离子水溶胀16-24h,再置于95℃水浴加热溶胀成凝胶状,在不断搅拌下混合均匀,得到基质溶液;
步骤S3、制备混合溶液:按重量份,将青藤碱和黄芪总皂苷,溶于剩余重量份去离子水中,再加入甘油和氮酮和无水乙醇,搅拌使溶解,再加入步骤S2中制备得到的基质溶液中,搅拌均匀,得到混合溶液;
步骤S4、共混、匀质:将白藜芦醇溶解在棕榈油中,然后添加至步骤S3制备的混合溶液中进行均质,再经超声处理,搅匀,过滤,经无菌处理后分装于涂膜器中,得到透明、隐形的外用药物制剂;
所述海藻糖和甘氨酸经酯化反应得到羧基化海藻糖,再继续与聚乙烯醇发生酯化反应,得到聚乙烯醇-接枝-海藻糖,最后再与京尼平经化学交联,制得。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种透明、隐形的外用药物制剂的制备方法,其特征在于:所述改性聚乙烯醇的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤A1、将海藻糖溶于无水DMF中,边搅拌边加入甘氨酸、4-二甲氨基吡啶和三乙胺,升温至65-75℃,搅拌反应2-3h,再加入冰乙醚沉淀离子,收集产物,将产物重复溶解沉淀2-4次,得到羧基化海藻糖;
步骤A2、将羧基化海藻糖、1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐和4-二甲氨基吡啶在反应瓶中溶于去离子水,冰水浴条件下搅拌10-30min;将聚乙烯醇溶于95℃的热去离子水中,完全溶解后降至室温,将聚乙烯醇溶液加入到反应瓶中,室温反应1-3天;反应结束后使用透析袋进行透析处理1-3天,冻干得到聚乙烯醇-接枝-海藻糖;
步骤A3、室温下,将聚乙烯醇-接枝-海藻糖加入去离子水中,滴加京尼平和无水乙醇的混合液a,控制在30min内滴完,滴毕,继续搅拌反应16-24h,用0.1M的磷酸氢二钠水溶液调节pH为7.2-7.6,经透析膜透析1-3天,冻干,得到改性聚乙烯醇。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种透明、隐形的外用药物制剂的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤A1中,海藻糖、无水DMF、甘氨酸、4-二甲氨基吡啶、三乙胺和冰乙醚的用量比为1-2g:60-120mL:0.3-0.6g:0.36-0.72g:0.4-0.8mL:160-220mL。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种透明、隐形的外用药物制剂的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤A2中,羧基化海藻糖、1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐、4-二甲氨基吡啶、去离子水和聚乙烯醇溶液的用量比为0.6-1.2g:0.3-0.6g:0.18-0.36g:65-75mL:6-8mL,聚乙烯醇溶液的浓度为10-110mg/mL。
5.根据权利要求2所述的一种透明、隐形的外用药物制剂的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤A3中,聚乙烯醇-接枝-海藻糖、去离子水和混合液a的用量比为0.4-0.6g:55-75mL:10mL。
6.根据权利要求2所述的一种透明、隐形的外用药物制剂的制备方法,其特征在于:所述混合液a中,京尼平和无水乙醇的用量比为0.1-0.2g:10mL。
7.根据权利要求2所述的一种透明、隐形的外用药物制剂的制备方法,其特征在于:所述聚乙烯醇为聚乙烯醇124。
8.根据权利要求2所述的一种透明、隐形的外用药物制剂的制备方法,其特征在于:所述透析膜截留分子量为8000-12000Da。
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