CN117517658B - 检测组蛋白烟酰化修饰试剂的新用途 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了检测组蛋白烟酰化修饰试剂的新用途,属于生物检测技术领域。本发明首次发现组蛋白烟酰化修饰这种新型的翻译后修饰类型,经实验证实,组蛋白烟酰化修饰通过改变染色质高级结构的方式可抑制促癌基因的表达(即关闭部分染色质区域从而抑制部分促癌基因转录),从而达到抑制肝癌的治疗效果;进一步的,可通过检测组蛋白烟酰化修饰的表达情况,判断个体是否患有肝癌、或患肝癌风险的高低,从而可为患者提供个体化治疗方案。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物检测技术领域,特别涉及检测组蛋白烟酰化修饰试剂的新用途。
背景技术
真核细胞内的遗传物质以染色质为载体,染色质处于高度折叠压缩状态,从而形成致密的多级染色质结构。八聚体核心组蛋白与缠绕它周围的145-147bp DNA组成染色质的基本单位核小体。核小体互相之间通过连接DNA串联,在三维空间中进一步压缩折叠从而构成更高级的染色质结构。其中每个核心组蛋白都具有结合DNA的区域和伸出的“尾巴”。染色质的结构在体内和体外都是动态的,体外实验表明染色质的动态表现不仅取决于其所处环境的盐浓度,还取决于染色质本身的成分构成。增加的离子强度能够在体外改变染色质的动态表现,使其从被称为10纳米纤维结构的核小体扩展阵列通过折叠中间体转变为最大折叠的30纳米染色质纤维结构,该结构通常被认为是染色质的二级结构。在更高的离子浓度条件下,10纳米纤维结构会自身缔合超分子低聚小球,此外,染色质折叠和染色质小球的形成均需要组蛋白N端的“尾巴”。因此,在体内和体外调节染色质动力学的关键方法之一就是通过组蛋白翻译后修饰。
近年来,组蛋白翻译后修饰因其能够通过改变染色质结构进而调控基因转录和表达,已成为表观遗传研究热点之一。众所周知,染色质结构对于基因表达具有重要意义,组蛋白通过一种或多种翻译后修饰来标记染色质且通过改变染色质构象使染色质改变原有的结构功能,并且近年来多次报道组蛋白一旦发生“表观遗传密码”的异常改变,就有可能引起发育缺陷,甚至恶性肿瘤等多种疾病。因此组蛋白的翻译后修饰的鉴定和功能研究对于基因的表达调控具有重要的表观遗传学意义。已有研究表明表观遗传改变可能成为肿瘤相关诊断,预后和治疗的新兴临床标志物。
随着高灵敏质谱技术在鉴定新型组蛋白翻译后修饰类型的探索工作中的广泛应用,目前组蛋白翻译后修饰类型得到了极大的丰富,并且还不断地有新的修饰类型被发现。在涉及的常见氨基酸中,赖氨酸残基作为三个在生理条件下(PH=7.4)具有正电荷的氨基酸侧链之一,在维持蛋白质结构和功能中的作用不可或缺。近年来发现的组蛋白修饰类型大部分为发生在组蛋白赖氨酸的短链酰基化修饰,这些修饰都与已被充分研究的乙酰化修饰具有类似的特点——修饰基团都通过ε-氨基形成的酞胺键与赖氨酸相连。而与之不同的是,这些新发现的修饰类型又都具有不同的烃链长度,疏水性和电荷数。新型的组蛋白翻译后修饰的发现,鉴定以及肿瘤生物学层面的研究具有重要的表观遗传学和临床医学意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供了检测组蛋白烟酰化修饰试剂的新用途。本发明将检测组蛋白烟酰化修饰试剂应用于肿瘤相关诊断、预后和治疗中,可为患者提供个体化治疗方案。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的:
本发明的第一方面提供了检测组蛋白烟酰化修饰的试剂在制备肝癌诊断或预后判断试剂盒中的用途。
进一步的,组蛋白烟酰化修饰的表达呈阴性时,提示肝癌阳性;组蛋白烟酰化修饰的表达呈阳性时,提示肝癌阴性。
进一步的,组蛋白烟酰化修饰的表达量与预后呈正相关。
本发明第二方面提供了检测组蛋白烟酰化修饰的试剂在制备肝癌风险程度检测试剂盒中的应用。
进一步的,组蛋白烟酰化修饰的表达呈阴性时,提示肝癌风险高;组蛋白烟酰化修饰的表达呈阳性时,提示肝癌风险低。
进一步的,检测组蛋白烟酰化修饰的试剂包括抗体检测试剂。
进一步的,上述用途或应用中,检测的样本包括组织样本和细胞样本。
本发明相比现有技术的有益效果为:
本发明首次发现组蛋白烟酰化修饰这种新型的翻译后修饰类型,经试验证实,组蛋白烟酰化修饰通过改变染色质高级结构的方式可抑制促癌基因的表达(即关闭部分染色质区域从而抑制部分促癌基因转录),从而达到抑制肝癌的治疗效果;进一步的,可通过检测组蛋白烟酰化修饰的表达情况,判断个体是否患有肝癌、或患肝癌风险的高低,从而可为患者提供个体化治疗方案。
附图说明
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明:
图1为烟酸处理HeLa细胞的ATAC-seq结果的染色质可及性差异(n=3)火山图;
图2为染色体结构中图1所示的上调和下调峰的分布位置示意图;
图3为关闭区域位于基因组不同区域内的比例示意图;
图4为关闭区域序列最接近的基因的GO富集和KEGG通路富集;
图5为组蛋白烟酰化修饰结合的DNA区域位于基因组不同区域内的比例示意图;
图6为NA处理HeLa细胞的CUT&Tag-seq结果中组蛋白Knic峰的差异(n=3)堆叠条形示意图。右侧条形图显示了277个高组蛋白烟酰化修饰峰,而左侧条形图显示了12个低组蛋白烟酰化修饰峰;
图7为ATAC-seq分析的DNA关闭区域峰最接近的基因与CUT&Tag-seq分析的高组蛋白烟酰化修饰峰最接近的基因重叠的韦恩图;
图8为ATAC-seq分析及CUT&Tag分析的PPFIA1,CMC2和CFAP221基因位点的峰的IGV示意图;
图9为烟酸药物处理的细胞用IgG和烟酰化修饰抗体进行的ChIP实验产物的qPCR分析结果示意图;
图10为烟酸药物处理的细胞PPFIA1、CMC2和CFAP221基因mRNA的qPCR分析结果示意图;
图11为烟酰化修饰抗体免疫组化法检测肝癌患者标本中肝癌组织(示为tumor)和相邻非肝癌组织(示为Adjacent)配对的烟酰化修饰水平,随后明场显微镜可视化观察,定量阳性百分率并统计分析结果示意图。
具体实施方式
为了更好地理解本发明,下面将结合附图对本发明做进一步地详细说明,以令本领域技术人员参照说明文字能够据以实施。
需要说明的是,下述实验中所述实验方法,如无特殊说明,均为常规方法,所述试剂和材料,如无特殊说明,均可从商业途径获得。下述实施例中烟酸药物处理浓度均为10mM终浓度,处理时间24小时。
ATAC-seq测序文库构建采用近岸蛋白Chromatin Profile Kit for Illuminat试剂盒,CUT&Tag-seq测序文库构建采用NovoNGS CUT&Tag 3.0 High-Sensitivity Kit试剂盒。
实施例1
本实施例利用烟酸处理HepG2细胞,利用ATAC-seq技术对处理后的细胞进行高通量测序。
ATAC测序文库构建的具体步骤为:
每个样本准备2.5万细胞,使用Lysis Buffer冰上裂解后,在PCR仪中片段化后加入Stop Buffer以终止片段化;使用Tagment DNA Extract Beads纯化DNA,将DNA洗脱于Elution Buffer中,按如下反应体系与PCR程序进行扩增,使用Novoprotein DNA CleanBeads对扩增后的DNA进行纯化,最后使用Elution Buffer洗脱DNA,文库质检采用Qubit测定浓度,Agilent Technologies 2100Bioanalyzer检测文库片段分布,若质检合格,则将文库上机测序。
PCR富集体系如下:
混匀后,放入PCR循环中按如下程序扩增:
生物信息学分析:
使用fastp软件(v0.20.0)处理ATAC-seq原始数据,使用MACS2软件(v2.1.0)执行峰值调用。使用GOseq R(v1.53.0)软件包和ClusterProfiler R进行GO和KEGG通路分析。使用ChIPseeker R封装(v1.30.3)对不同峰相关基因进行鉴定。
结果如图1所示,烟酸处理后,共产生146个上调和760个下调峰。
如图2所示,将图1中上调和下调的峰的区域在染色体上的分布位置进行展示,观察到烟酸处理后,使染色体上更多的区域关闭。
如图3所示,烟酸处理后对下调的区域在整体基因组的分布位置进行统计,关闭的区域大部分分布在远端基因间区域(30.78%),内含子(39.1%)和启动子区域(24.92%)。
如图4所示,将烟酸处理后下调的基因区域所接近的基因进行GO和KEGG通路富集分析,这些基因主要富集在如Wnt信号通路,蛋白转运等通路中。
实施例2
本实施例利用烟酸处理HepG2细胞,利用CUT&Tag技术探究蛋白质-基因组间的互作关系。
CUT&Tag测序文库构建的具体步骤为:
每个样本准备5万细胞,使用Wash Buffer重悬后,分别与ConA磁珠孵育10分钟,一抗室温孵育2小时,二抗室温孵育1小时,ChiTag转座体稀释液室温孵育1小时,之后使用Tagmentation Buffer在37℃孵育后加入Stop Buffer以终止反应,使用Tagment DNAExtract Beads纯化DNA后,按如下体系进行PCR扩增,对扩增后的DNA使用NovoNGS DNAClean Beads进行收集,使用TE-Buffer洗脱DNA,文库质检采用Qubit、qPCR测定浓度,Agilent Technologies 2100 Bioanalyzer检测文库片段分布,若质检合格,则将文库上机测序。
PCR富集体系如下:
混匀后,放入PCR循环中按如下程序扩增:
生物信息学分析方法参照实施例1。
如图5所示,对烟酰化抗体所富集的区域在整体基因组上的分布进行统计,所富集到的区域大部分分布在远端基因间区域(21.93%),内含子(19.67%)和启动子区域(56.76%)。
如图6所示,烟酸处理组相比于对照组,使用烟酰化抗体可以富集到启动子附近更多的基因的峰的数量。
如图7所示,通过CUT-Tag上调基因和ATAC下调基因联合分析,表明组蛋白烟酰化修饰使15个基因的启动子区域可及性降低。
如图8所示,IGV可视化结果表明,CMC2,PPFIA1和CFAP221基因启动子区域结合的组蛋白烟酰化修饰升高,其DNA可及性降低。
如图9所示,组蛋白烟酰化修饰抑制CMC2,PPFIA1和CFAP221基因的转录水平。
如图10所示,组蛋白烟酰化修饰增加了CMC2,PPFIA1和CFAP221基因启动子区域处的烟酰化修饰水平。
实施例3
本实施例采用烟酰化修饰抗体免疫组化法检测肝癌患者标本中肝癌组织(示为tumor)和相邻非肝癌组织(示为Adjacent)配对的烟酰化修饰水平,随后明场显微镜可视化观察。
免疫组化染色的具体步骤为:石蜡切片脱蜡水化(下行)后用3%的过氧化氢对内源过氧化物酶进行封闭,随后进行抗原修复及一抗和二抗的孵育。用DAB在镜下边观察边显色至合适程度,置于自来水中,再置于蒸馏水中。随后用Mayer’s苏木精对细胞核进行染色,再将切片放在水龙头下缓慢冲洗进行返蓝,直到细胞核呈现明显的蓝色。石蜡切片脱水(上行)后,用中性树胶进行封片,然后在显微镜下观察并拍照,再根据信号丰度整理结果,并根据患者生存期信息进行分析。
如图11结果显示,烟酰化修饰在癌旁正常组织中降低,且烟酰化修饰水平与患者生存期负相关。
实施例4
本实施例提供了一种肝癌诊断试剂盒,包含检测组蛋白烟酰化修饰的表达量的试剂,具体包括烟酰化修饰抗体检测相关试剂。
本实施例所述试剂盒可用于肝癌的辅助诊断。当组蛋白烟酰化修饰的表达呈阴性时,提示肿瘤阳性或肿瘤风险高;组蛋白烟酰化修饰的表达呈阳性时,提示肿瘤阴性或肿瘤风险低。
可以在肝癌病人进行手术或者病理穿刺取得肝癌组织后即刻测定,组织中组蛋白烟酰化修饰的表达呈阴性时,提示患者肝癌风险较高;组蛋白烟酰化修饰的表达呈阳性时,提示患者肝癌风险较低。由于烟酸能够诱导组蛋白烟酰化修饰,且口服即可成功摄入,为患者提供更为简便有效,个性化精准的治疗方案。
实施例5
本实施例提供了一种肝癌预后判断试剂盒,包含检测组蛋白烟酰化修饰的表达量的试剂。具体包括烟酰化修饰抗体检测相关试剂。
本实施例所述试剂盒可用于判断肝癌患者预后情况,组蛋白烟酰化修饰的表达量与预后呈正相关,烟酰化修饰水平越低,肿瘤患者的预后越差。
最后应说明的是,以上仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制,尽管参照较佳布置方案对本发明进行了详细说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解,可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围。
Claims (7)
1.检测组蛋白烟酰化修饰的试剂在制备肝癌诊断或预后判断试剂盒中的用途。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于,组蛋白烟酰化修饰的表达呈阴性时,提示肝癌阳性;组蛋白烟酰化修饰的表达呈阳性时,提示肝癌阴性。
3.根据权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于,组蛋白烟酰化修饰的表达量与预后呈正相关。
4.检测组蛋白烟酰化修饰的试剂在制备肝癌风险程度检测试剂盒中的应用。
5.根据权利要求4所述的应用,其特征在于,组蛋白烟酰化修饰的表达呈阴性时,提示肝癌风险高;组蛋白烟酰化修饰的表达呈阳性时,提示肝癌风险低。
6.根据权利要求1或4所述的用途,其特征在于,检测的样本包括组织样本和细胞样本。
7.根据权利要求1或4所述的用途,其特征在于,检测组蛋白烟酰化修饰的试剂包括抗体检测试剂。
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