CN117327718A - 一种GhCrRLK1L104基因及其应用、蛋白、过表达载体和方法 - Google Patents
一种GhCrRLK1L104基因及其应用、蛋白、过表达载体和方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种GhCrRLK1L104基因及其应用、蛋白、过表达载体和方法,涉及植物基因工程领域。所述GhCrRLK1L104基因的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID No.1所示。该基因在棉花开花后30天的纤维中大量表达。GhCrRLK1L104蛋白定位于细胞膜上,在棉花纤维发育中发挥作用。在拟南芥中过量表达GhCrRLK1L104基因后,促进了莲座叶表皮毛的伸长,表明该基因能够促进细胞伸长。GhCrRLK1L104基因可以作为一种潜在的分子育种工具,通过调控细胞的伸长,改良棉纤维的品质。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及植物基因工程领域,特别是涉及一种GhCrRLK1L104基因及其应用、蛋白、过表达载体和方法。
背景技术
棉花是我国重要的经济作物,我国是世界上重要的产棉国和消费国,棉花在国民经济中占有重要的地位。棉纤维是棉花生产的主要产品,其产量与品质直接决定了棉花生产的产值与效益。因此提高棉花产量和品质是棉花育种工作者的主要目标。
棉花纤维是由胚珠外表皮单细胞分化发育而成,棉花纤维的分化和发育过程可分为纤维细胞分化与突起、纤维细胞的迅速伸长、次生壁的合成和脱水成熟4个时期,是多个基因共同表达调控的复杂过程。在这四个发育阶段中,纤维细胞的分化与突起决定了单个棉籽上的纤维数目,纤维细胞的伸长决定了纤维的长度,次生壁的加厚决定了纤维的强度。因此克隆和鉴定棉花纤维发育相关的基因,解析棉花纤维发育的调控通路,不仅具有重要的理论意义,而且对于指导棉花的产量和品质改良具有重要的应用价值。
研究表明植物激素、转录因子及膜蛋白等多种因子在棉花纤维发育过程中发挥着重要的作用。如GhHOX3是一个HD-ZIP转录因子,通过与GA的生长抑制子DELLA(GhSLR1)相互作用干扰GhHOX3–GhHD1复合体的形成,抑制靶基因的转录,调控棉花纤维的发育。GbMYB2主要在棉花胚珠的外表皮和延伸的纤维细胞中表达,在拟南芥中过量表达该基因后,导致拟南芥叶片上的毛状体增多及根的长度增长,主要是通过激活了毛状体相关基因GL2的表达,促进毛状体的发育。GhMYB25调控棉花纤维表皮细胞的分化起始,GhMYB25沉默后纤维变短,棉花中过量表达GhMYB25导致纤维起始数目和叶片毛状体数目增加。GhMYB25-like在棉花纤维细胞分化起始中发挥着重要的作用,定位于A12染色体上,也称为GhMML3_A12,该基因在3’末端具有启动子,可以反向转录,最终形成21~22 nt的siRNA降解自身的mRNA,从而抑制短绒的分化起始,形成光子的表型。随后,利用图位克隆的方法将控制棉花长纤维发育的基因Li3定位到D12染色体上,为GhMML4_D12,同样也是一个MYB转录因子,与棉花短绒控制基因GhMYB25-like的同源蛋白GhMML3_D12串联在一起,表明控制棉花纤维发育的基因在基因组上可能成簇分布。将GhMYB212沉默后,纤维中的蔗糖和葡萄糖的积累减少,纤维变短衣分降低,进一步研究发现,GhMYB212调控蔗糖运输蛋白GhSWEET12的表达,将GhSWEET12沉默后也表现出相似的表型,说明GhMYB212通过调控蔗糖运输蛋白GhSWEET12的表达来控制纤维的伸长。同时其它的转录因子(GaMYB2、GhMYB109、GhMYB7、GhWRKY16和GaHOX1)在纤维分化起始和早期纤维发育过程中也起着重要的作用。
此外,植物激素如生长素、茉莉酸、赤霉素、乙烯及油菜素内酯等在棉花纤维发育过程也起着重要的作用。外源施加生长素能够提高纤维细胞的长度,利用FBP启动子驱动生长素合成基因iaaM的表达,能够提高棉花胚珠表皮中生长素的含量,进而增加棉花纤维起始的数目。棉纤维细胞中生长素一般都是从胚珠运输到纤维细胞,而生长素运输蛋白GhPIN3a介导了生长素的运输在胚珠表皮形成生长素浓度梯度促进纤维细胞的发育。外源施加赤霉素可以增加细胞中生长素的浓度及XTH和EXP基因表达促进纤维细胞的伸长;在棉花中过量表达GhGA20ox1基因能够促进赤霉素的合成及棉纤维的伸长。DELLA蛋白GhSLR1是赤霉素信号通路的反向调节因子,能够与GhHOX3相互作用,抑制细胞松弛基因GhRDL1和GhEXPA1的表达,从而影响纤维细胞的伸长。油菜素内酯也能促进纤维细胞的伸长,油菜素内酯合成相关基因GhPAG1发生突变后造成了植株的矮小及纤维变短;GhDET2是一个类固醇还原酶,在油菜素内酯合成过程中催化类固醇的还原,将该基因沉默后,纤维的起始和延伸受到抑制。乙烯也能促进纤维细胞的伸长,乙烯生物合成的关键基因ACS能将腺苷甲硫氨酸催化为1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸,在延伸的纤维细胞中大量表达,导致乙烯的积累,促进纤维的伸长,同时CPK1能够对ACS2进行磷酸化,增加ACS2的活性及乙烯的积累。目前虽然已经发现植物激素信号通路相关基因及一些转录因子在棉花纤维发育中发挥作用,但是棉花纤维发育的分子机制尚不清楚,一些关键的调控蛋白也有待克隆和鉴定,因此分离鉴定棉花纤维发育的调控基因具有重要的理论意义和应用价值。
CrRLK1Ls(Catharanthus roseus receptor-like kinase 1-like proteins)是一类细胞膜受体激酶蛋白,它具有3个典型的结构域:胞外的Malectin-like结构域(malectin-like domain,MLD)、跨膜结构(transmembrane domain,TD)及胞内的丝氨酸和苏氨酸激酶结构域(Ser and Thr kinase domain,KD)。CrRLK1Ls定位在细胞膜上识别来自环境或是邻近细胞的各种信号分子,通过激酶结构域将信号传递到细胞内引发各种生物学反应来应对外界环境的变化。CrRLK1Ls在植物中具有广泛的生理功能,参与调控植物细胞的生长、形态发生、生殖发育、免疫反应、植物激素信号传导及各种抗逆反应。FER是一个典型的CrRLK1Ls蛋白,调控细胞的生长,拟南芥fer突变体表现出植株矮小、毛状体扭曲、极短、异常分叉、根毛变少和变短、根的伸张敏感性降低,说明FER是细胞壁完整性和极性生长的正向调节因子。CrRLK1L蛋白ANX1和ANX2调控花粉管的生长,anx1anx2双突变体表现为不育和花粉管的提前破裂,过量表达ANX1和ANX2后会导致细胞壁成分在花粉管顶端的积累使花粉管生长受到抑制。现有研究表明,CrRLK1Ls受体激酶的配体分子为RALF(RapidAlkalinization Factor)家族的短肽。在低氮营养条件下,RALF1与FER结合激活TOR信号通路,促进植物叶的生长。而RALF23与FER相互作用,可以抑制FLS2/BAK1和EFR/BAK1复合体的形成,调控植物的免疫反应。RALF4和RALF19能够结合ANX1、ANX2、BUPS1和BUPS2等CrRLK1Ls受体激酶,影响花粉管的生长。因此,CrRLK1Ls通过识别RALFs分子后行使其生物学功能。综上所述,研究探讨棉花纤维发育优势表达的CrRLK1L类受体激酶蛋白,将使我们更好的了解CrRLK1L类受体激酶蛋白在棉花纤维发育中的功能。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题,本发明提供了一种GhCrRLK1L104基因及其应用、蛋白、过表达载体和方法,本发明分析揭示GhCrRLK1L104基因的功能,为利用这个基因改良棉花纤维品质,创制棉花新种质打下基础。
为了实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:
本发明提供了一种GhCrRLK1L104基因,所述GhCrRLK1L104基因的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID No.1所示。
本发明还提供了上述技术方案所述的GhCrRLK1L104基因在调控棉花纤维发育中的应用。
本发明还提供了过表达上述技术方案所述的GhCrRLK1L104基因在促进棉花纤维伸长中的应用。
本发明还提供了过表达上述技术方案所述的GhCrRLK1L104基因在促进拟南芥表皮毛伸长中的应用。
本发明还提供了一种上述技术方案所述的GhCrRLK1L104基因编码的蛋白,所述蛋白的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID No.2所示。
本发明还提供了一种过表达载体,将所述GhCrRLK1L104基因插入到pRI101-An载体中,得到过表达载体。
本发明还提供了一种转基因植株的获取方法,包括以下步骤:
1)将上述技术方案所述的过表达载体转入到农杆菌中,得到含有目的载体的农杆菌;
2)将所述步骤1)得到的含有目的载体的农杆菌浸染植株的花序,得到转基因植株。
优选的,所述植株包括拟南芥;
采用冷冻法将所述过表达载体转入到农杆菌中。
本发明通过对棉花中的CrRLK1Ls家族基因进行分析和鉴定,发现在陆地棉中存在这125个GhCrRLK1Ls家族基因,根据其在染色体上的定位,将这些基因命名为GhCrRLK1L1- GhCrRLK1L125。通过棉花纤维发育不同时期的转录组数据发现有22个GhCrRLK1Ls在纤维发育的不同阶段优势表达,其中GhCrRLK1L104在棉花纤维伸长和次生壁加厚期优势表达,在开花后30天,表达量达到峰值,推测该基因在棉花纤维发育过程中发挥着重要的作用。根据棉花TM-1的基因组数据,其基因ID号为Ghir_D11G016800.1,GhCrRLK1L104基因组DNA中无内含子,cDNA包含有2664 bp的开放阅读框,编码887个氨基酸,分子量为98.17 KD。Malectin结构域是第31-402位氨基酸,跨膜结构域是第438-460位氨基酸,胞内的激酶结构域是第523-786位氨基酸。进一步的研究表明,GhCrRLK1L104定位在细胞膜上,表明GhCrRLK1L104基因可能作为受体分子在细胞膜上感知胞外的信号发挥作用。
为了进一步研究GhCrRLK1L104的功能,本发明将GhCrRLK1L104基因在拟南芥中进行了过量表达,获得了7个转基因株系,对这些转基因株系的叶表皮毛进行观察和测定,发现转基因拟南芥的表皮毛明显增长。说明GhCrRLK1L104基因参与对细胞伸长的调控,是一个重要的棉花纤维发育相关的基因。
1、提供了一个新的在棉纤维中伸长时期优势表达的GhCrRLK1L104基因序列。该基因在开花后30天的棉花纤维细胞中大量积累,表明该基因可能在调控棉纤维的伸长过程中发挥作用。
2、GhCrRLK1L104蛋白定位于细胞膜上,表明该蛋白作为细胞膜表面受体发挥作用。
3、在拟南芥中过量表达GhCrRLK1L104基因后,导致了拟南芥莲座叶上的表皮毛长度变长,而拟南芥的表皮毛发育模式与棉花纤维相似,进一步说明了GhCrRLK1L104基因在调控棉花纤维伸长中的作用。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍。
图1为定量qPCR检测GhCrRLK1L104在纤维发育不同时期的表达示意图;
-1 DPA、0 DPA、1 DPA、3 DPA、5 DPA、7 DPA、10 DPA、15 DPA、20 DPA、30 DPA分别指开花前1天和开花当天的胚珠、开花后1、3、5、7、10、15、20和30天的胚珠或纤维(在开花7天之前由于纤维比较短,与胚珠很难分开,取的是胚珠和纤维,开花7天之后,取的是棉花纤维,用镊子将纤维从胚珠表皮撕下来);
图2为GhCrRLK1L104蛋白亚细胞定位分析;图中Fluorescence为在GFP荧光视野下的显微照片,Bright为在明场视野下的显微照片,Merged为荧光照片与明场照片的重合叠加;GFP绿色荧光表明GhCrRLK1L104蛋白定位于细胞膜上;
图3为过量表达GhCrRLK1L104转基因拟南芥植株的表皮毛观察;A为野生型(WT)和转基因植株(OE1、OE2和OE3)生长4周后的莲座叶及其在体式显微镜下表皮毛的长度;B为利用cellSensEntry软件统计表皮毛的长度。
具体实施方式
本发明提供了一种GhCrRLK1L104基因,所述GhCrRLK1L104基因的核苷酸序列记载在“ST.26标准序核苷酸或氨基酸序列表”中的SEQ ID No.1。基因编码区从起始密码子ATG到终止密码子TAA是1-2664 bp。
本发明还提供了上述技术方案所述的GhCrRLK1L104基因在调控棉花纤维发育中的应用。
本发明还提供了过表达上述技术方案所述的GhCrRLK1L104基因在促进棉花纤维伸长中的应用。
本发明还提供了过表达上述技术方案所述的GhCrRLK1L104基因在促进拟南芥表皮毛伸长中的应用。
本发明还提供了一种上述技术方案所述的GhCrRLK1L104基因编码的蛋白,所述蛋白的氨基酸序列记载在“ST.26标准序核苷酸或氨基酸序列表”中的SEQ ID No.2。GhCrRLK1L104基因编码887个氨基酸。
本发明提供了一种过表达载体,将所述GhCrRLK1L104基因插入到pRI101-An载体中,得到过表达载体。本发明对所述GhCrRLK1L104基因插入到pRI101-An载体中的方法没有特殊限定,本领域技术人员按照常规操作即可。
本发明还提供了一种转基因植株的获取方法,包括以下步骤:
1)将上述技术方案所述的过表达载体转入到农杆菌中,得到含有目的载体的农杆菌;
2)将所述步骤1)得到的含有目的载体的农杆菌浸染植株的花序,得到转基因植株。
本发明将上述技术方案所述的过表达载体转入到农杆菌中,得到含有目的载体的农杆菌。本发明优选采用冷冻法将所述过表达载体转入到农杆菌中。本发明对所述冷冻法没有特殊限定,本领域技术人员常规操作即可。
本发明将得到的含有目的载体的农杆菌浸染植株的花序,得到转基因植株。在本发明中,所述植株优选包括拟南芥。本发明对浸染没有特殊限定,本领域技术人员按照常规操作即可。
为了进一步说明本发明,下面结合实施例对本发明进行详细地描述,但不能将它们理解为对本发明保护范围的限定。
实施例1
GhCrRLK1L104基因序列的获得及过表达载体的构建
1、在棉花功能基因组数据库CottonFGD(https://cottonfgd.net/)下载GhCrRLK1L104的CDS序列(基因ID号为Ghir_D11G016800.1);
2、设计引物
GhCrRLK1L104PF1(SEQ ID No.3):
5’-TTGATACATATGCCCGTCGACATGCTCCCTTTCTTCCTCTT-3’;
GhCrRLK1L104PR1(SEQ ID No.4):
5’-TGAACCGCCTCCACCGGATCCTCTCCCCTTTGCATTCGTAA-3’。
以陆地棉TM-1开花后30天的纤维cDNA为模板,进行PCR扩增,扩增产物连接到pRI101-An载体中(购自宝生物工程有限公司),并转化大肠杆菌菌株DH5α(购自唯地生物科技有限公司),经测序后,得到GhCrRLK1L104的CDS序列,如SEQ ID No.1所示;并构建好过表达载体pRI101-An-GhCrRLK1L104。
实施例2
GhCrRLK1L104基因的表达谱分析
在开花-3 DPA、-1DPA、0 DPA、1 DPA、3 DPA 和 5 DPA 收集 TM-1 胚珠,在 7DPA、10 DPA、15 DPA、20 DPA 和 30 DPA 收集胚珠和纤维。所有样品立即在液氮中冷冻,并在-80℃下保存。RNA提取按照多糖多酚植物总 RNA 提取试剂盒(天根生物科技有限公司)的操作说明进行。对提取的总RNA进行琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测验证其完整性后,进行cDNA的合成,使用GenStar公司的试剂盒,实验按照使用说明进行。利用引物
GhCrRLK1L104PF2(SEQ ID No.5):
5’-CGGAATGTTTCGAACTTGGCGG-3’,
GhCrRLK1L104PR2(SEQ ID No.6):
5’-GCCGGGATGTCGGTGTAATTGA-3’,
内参基因是GhHis3,引物为
His3PF(SEQ ID No.7):5’-CCGTAAATCTGCCCCAACCA-3’,
His3PR(SEQ ID No.8):5’-GACCCACAAGGTATGCCTCTGC-3’,进行荧光定量实验。反应程序为:95℃ 30 s,95℃ 10 s,60℃ 30 s,40 个循环,使用 2-△△Ct法分析基因的表达量。结果如图1所示,GhCrRLK1L104基因在开花后30天的纤维细胞中大量表达,说明GhCrRLK1L104基因可能在棉花纤维细胞伸长和次生壁加厚期具有重要的作用。
实施例3
GhCrRLK1L104蛋白的亚细胞定位分析
一、植物亚细胞定位载体的构建
利用PCR的方法分别扩增出GhCrRLK1L104基因的阅读框、Linker及GFP片段,通过同源重组,将GhCrRLK1L104-GFP重组到pRI101-An载体骨架中,得到pRI101-An-GhCrRLK1L104::GFP载体(已测序验证)。
二、农杆菌注射烟草及荧光观察
将构建好的pRI101-An-GhCrRLK1L104::GFP植物表达载体通过冷冻法转入GV3101农杆菌中,挑取含有目的载体的农杆菌单克隆至5 mL含抗生素(50 mg/L卡那霉素,20 mg/L庆大霉素和20 mg/L利福平)的LB液体培养基中,28 ℃,200 rpm培养36 h;转移1 mL培养的农杆菌菌液至40 mL含抗生素(50 mg/L卡那霉素,20 mg/L庆大霉素和20 mg/L利福平)的LB液体培养基中扩大培养,培养至农杆菌菌体OD600=1.0左右;室温5000 rpm离心10 min收集菌体,用等体积的浸染液(10mM MgCl2,10mM MES,150 μM 乙酰丁香酮,pH=5.6)悬浮农杆菌,室温静置2-3 h;用1 mL的针头在烟草叶片背面轻轻点开一个小口,再用去掉针头的针管吸取菌液,从叶片伤口处注射到叶片中;注射后的植株黑暗培养2 d后,撕取注射后的烟草叶片,在激光共聚焦显微镜下进行荧光观察。观察结果如图2所示,对照组pRI101-An-GFP载体的荧光信号分布在细胞膜和细胞核上,而融合蛋白pRI101-An-GhCrRLK1L104::GFP的荧光信号只分布在细胞膜上,说明GhCrRLK1L104蛋白定位在细胞膜上,是一个细胞膜受体蛋白激酶。
实施例4
转基因拟南芥植株的获得及表皮毛观察
一、GhCrRLK1L104过表达转基因拟南芥的获得
将构建好的pRI101-An-GhCrRLK1L104过表达载体通过冷冻法转入GV3101农杆菌中,挑取含有目的载体的农杆菌单克隆至5 mL含抗生素(50 mg/L卡那霉素,20 mg/L庆大霉素和20 mg/L利福平)的LB液体培养基中,28 ℃,200 rpm培养36 h;转移1 mL培养的农杆菌菌液至40 mL含抗生素(50 mg/L卡那霉素,20 mg/L庆大霉素和20 mg/L利福平)的LB液体培养基中扩大培养,培养至农杆菌菌体OD600=1.0左右;室温5000 rpm离心10 min收集菌体,用等体积的浸染液(10 mM MgCl2,5% 蔗糖,0.02% silwit77)悬浮农杆菌;挑选盛花期的拟南芥,剪去已经长出的角果,然后把花序浸泡到农杆菌菌液中20 s,间隔1h后,再浸染1次,完成浸染后的拟南芥黑暗培养24 h,一周后再重复浸染1次,待拟南芥成熟后收取T0代种子;将T0代种子用10% NaClO3溶液中消毒5 min后,用无菌水清洗种子5次,将消过毒的种子铺撒到含有50 mg/L卡那霉素的1/2MS培养基中,能够正常生长的绿色幼苗为阳性苗,成熟后收获的种子为T1代转GhCrRLK1L104基因拟南芥种子,一共收到了7株转基因阳性植株,分别命名为OE-1, OE-2, OE-3…OE-7。得到转基因阳性植株后继续繁殖加代,利用T3代转基因拟南芥进行表型观察。
二、拟南芥表皮毛观察
将转基因拟南芥种子消毒后点播到含有50 mg/L卡那霉素的1/2MS培养基中,野生型拟南芥种子消毒后点播到不含抗生素的1/2MS培养基中,4 ℃培养2 d后,置于植物培养室(24 ℃,16 h光照/8 h黑暗)生长7 d,然后移栽到营养土中生长21 d,取野生型和转基因植株的莲座叶(每个植株上取3片),每个转基因株系选取10颗植株进行观察。摘取的莲座叶置于2 mL离心管中,加入1 mL无水乙醇浸泡30 min,待叶片绿色退去后,在体式显微镜下观察叶片表面的表皮毛,并照相,利用cellSensEntry软件对表皮毛的长度进行测量。结果如图3所示,野生型拟南芥的表皮毛的平均长度为469±32 µm,转基因拟南芥OE-1、OE-2和OE-3的平均长度分别为576±37 µm、563±34 µm和573±39 µm,说明在拟南芥中过量表达GhCrRLK1L104基因后,促进了拟南芥表皮毛的伸长,暗示该基因具有促进细胞伸长的功能。
尽管上述实施例对本发明做出了详尽的描述,但它仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部实施例,人们还可以根据本实施例在不经创造性前提下获得其他实施例,这些实施例都属于本发明保护范围。
Claims (8)
1.一种GhCrRLK1L104基因,其特征在于,所述GhCrRLK1L104基因的核苷酸序列如SEQID No.1所示。
2.权利要求1所述的GhCrRLK1L104基因在调控棉花纤维发育中的应用。
3.过表达权利要求1所述的GhCrRLK1L104基因在促进棉花纤维伸长中的应用。
4.过表达权利要求1所述的GhCrRLK1L104基因在促进拟南芥表皮毛伸长中的应用。
5.一种权利要求1所述的GhCrRLK1L104基因编码的蛋白,其特征在于,所述蛋白的氨基酸序列如SEQ ID No.2所示。
6.一种过表达载体,其特征在于,将权利要求1所述GhCrRLK1L104基因插入到pRI101-An载体中,得到过表达载体。
7.一种转基因植株的获取方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1)将权利要求6所述的过表达载体转入到农杆菌中,得到含有目的载体的农杆菌;
2)将所述步骤1)得到的含有目的载体的农杆菌浸染植株的花序,得到转基因植株。
8.根据权利要求7所述的获取方法,其特征在于,所述植株包括拟南芥;
采用冷冻法将所述过表达载体转入到农杆菌中。
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