CN117296495B - No-tillage planter - Google Patents
No-tillage planter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN117296495B CN117296495B CN202311620698.2A CN202311620698A CN117296495B CN 117296495 B CN117296495 B CN 117296495B CN 202311620698 A CN202311620698 A CN 202311620698A CN 117296495 B CN117296495 B CN 117296495B
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- frame
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- assembly
- seeding
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- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 abstract description 25
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 8
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 22
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004681 ovum Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000233654 Oomycetes Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009355 double cropping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 meanwhile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004162 soil erosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/02—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind
- A01B49/022—Combined machines with two or more soil-working tools of different kind at least one tool being actively driven
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
- A01B49/06—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising
- A01B49/065—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising the soil-working tools being actively driven
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
- A01C5/062—Devices for making drills or furrows
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
- A01C5/066—Devices for covering drills or furrows
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
- A01C5/066—Devices for covering drills or furrows
- A01C5/068—Furrow packing devices, e.g. press wheels
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/06—Seeders combined with fertilising apparatus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/20—Parts of seeders for conducting and depositing seed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D82/00—Crop conditioners, i.e. machines for crushing or bruising stalks
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
Abstract
The invention is applicable to the technical field of seeders, and provides a no-tillage seeder which comprises a frame, a straw removing component for removing straws, a pesticide applying component for applying a pesticide and conveying the straws to the tail end, a fertilizing component for fertilizing, a seeding component for seeding, a soil covering component for covering and burying seed furrows, a compacting component for compacting soil and flattening the soil, and a suspension component for connecting the frame with agricultural machinery; therefore, the invention can treat the eggs and plant germs hidden on the plant straws and the dead branches and fallen leaves, and can automatically control the sowing speed according to the travelling speed of the no-tillage planter, so that the sowing is more uniform.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of seeders, in particular to a no-tillage seeder.
Background
The no-tillage is an agricultural planting technology without tillage, and organic matters such as plant straws, dried branches and fallen leaves and the like are used as covers to cover the ground surface to form a protective layer, so that soil erosion and water evaporation can be reduced, soil fertility can be increased, and crop quality can be improved; however, the no-tillage method has certain defects, and organic matters such as plant straws, dead branches and fallen leaves are covered on the land surface without treatment, so that insect eggs and plant germs hidden on the organic matters such as plant straws, dead branches and fallen leaves can harm soil and seedlings, and the soil fertility and the seedling growth are affected.
Currently, no-tillage planter is widely applied in the market, and in order to improve the no-tillage planter efficiency, a deep scarification no-tillage fertilizing planter is proposed in the patent with the application number of CN 201721114564.3; the multifunctional deep scarification and layered fertilization machine can finish multiple agricultural processes such as deep scarification, layered fertilization, ditching, grass cleaning, sowing, compacting and the like at one time, and improves the efficiency of no-tillage sowing.
According to the technical scheme, multiple agricultural processes such as deep scarification, layered fertilization, ditching, grass cleaning, sowing and compacting can be completed at one time, but the agricultural processes still have certain defects in actual use, firstly, the harm of oomycete to soil and seedlings cannot be avoided, secondly, the sowing speed cannot be automatically controlled according to the travelling speed of the no-tillage planter, so that the no-tillage planter is too dense in sowing when the travelling speed is low, and too thin in sowing when the travelling speed of the no-tillage planter is high.
As is known, the prior art has obvious inconvenience and defects in practical use, so that improvement is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks, an object of the present invention is to provide a no-tillage planter that can treat eggs and plant germs hidden on plant stalks and dead branches and leaves, and can automatically control the planting speed according to the traveling speed of the no-tillage planter, so that the planting is more uniform.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a no-tillage planter comprising:
the device comprises a rack, wherein an installation platform is arranged on one side of the top of the rack;
the straw cleaning assembly comprises a plurality of groups of crushing assemblies arranged at the top of the mounting platform, the crushing assemblies comprise plate frames, and two toothed rollers which are parallel to each other and are arranged in a gear staggered manner are rotationally connected on the plate frames;
the medicine applying assembly comprises a conveying belt arranged below the mounting platform and an auger conveyor arranged on the side part of the frame, one end of the auger conveyor extends to the conveying belt, the other end of the auger conveyor extends to one side, far away from the mounting platform, of the frame, and a plurality of drip irrigation bottles are arranged on the top of the auger conveyor;
the fertilizer application assembly comprises a fertilizer box arranged at the top of the frame and a hanging bracket hung below the frame, wherein a plurality of soil loosening cutters are arranged on the hanging bracket, and a plurality of fertilizer feeding pipes are connected to the bottom of the fertilizer box;
the seeding assembly comprises a seeding box arranged at the top of the frame, the bottom of the seeding box is connected with a plurality of seeding pipes, all the seeding pipes are internally provided with baffle plates, the positions of the frame corresponding to the baffle plates are horizontally provided with rotating shafts, and the rotating shafts penetrate through the seeding pipes one by one and are connected with the same ends of all the baffle plates; torsion springs are sleeved on the rear periphery of the machine frame, which extend out of the two ends of the rotating shaft, the two torsion springs are connected with the machine frame, and torsion forces of the two torsion springs act on the rotating shaft; driven wheels are rotatably mounted on the two opposite sides of the frame and close to the rotating shaft, active shifting plates are arranged on the outer edges of the two driven wheels, and passive shifting plates which are shifted by the active shifting plates are arranged at the two ends of the rotating shaft;
the pressing assembly comprises a cylindrical pressing roller which is rotatably connected between two opposite sides of the frame, driving wheels are arranged at two ends of the pressing roller, and the driving wheels positioned at the same side of the frame are in transmission connection with driven wheels;
the earthing component comprises a plurality of earthing plates arranged at the bottom of the frame;
the suspension assembly comprises a suspension bracket connected to one end side of the frame.
According to the no-tillage planter disclosed by the invention, one end of the frame, which is provided with the mounting platform, is designated as the front end, and one end of the frame, which is far away from the mounting platform, is designated as the rear end; the mounting sequence of each component of the frame from the front end to the rear end is as follows: the device comprises a straw cleaning assembly, a fertilizing assembly, a seeding assembly, a soil covering assembly and a compacting assembly; the suspension assembly is connected to the front or rear side of the frame.
According to the no-tillage planter disclosed by the invention, the transverse plate is arranged on the inner side of the plate frame, the first driving part is arranged at the top of the transverse plate, the driving plate is connected with the output shaft of the first driving part after penetrating through the transverse plate, and the first driving part provides driving force for the driving plate to stir straws at the front end of the rack between the two toothed rollers.
According to the no-tillage planter disclosed by the invention, the driving plate is a disc with a plurality of hooked cutters at the outer edge, and all the knife edges of the hooked cutters are blunt openings.
According to the no-tillage planter disclosed by the invention, the top of the drip irrigation bottle is provided with the chemical feeding port, the drip irrigation bottle is communicated with the interior of the auger conveyor, and the joint of the drip irrigation bottle and the auger conveyor is provided with the flow regulating valve.
According to the no-tillage planter disclosed by the invention, the back of the soil loosening knife is provided with the fertilization pipe, one side of the fertilization pipe away from the soil loosening knife is provided with a plurality of fertilization openings from bottom to top, and the bottom of each fertilization opening is provided with the soil retaining plate; the fertilizer feeding pipe extends into the fertilizer applying pipe.
According to the no-tillage planter disclosed by the invention, the hopper is arranged at the rear end of the frame, and the feeding slide carriage is arranged between the auger conveyor and the hopper.
According to the no-tillage planter disclosed by the invention, the second driving part is arranged on one side of the top of the mounting platform, the output shaft of the second driving part is connected with one toothed roller in the straw cleaning assembly, and all toothed rollers of the straw cleaning assembly are in transmission connection.
According to the no-tillage planter disclosed by the invention, the T-shaped plates, the L-shaped plates and the driving piece III are arranged at the positions of the two opposite sides of the frame corresponding to the hanging frame, and the driving piece III is fixedly arranged on the frame; one end of the L-shaped plate is rotatably connected to the frame, and the other end of the L-shaped plate is rotatably connected to the hanger; the first end of the T-shaped plate is rotationally connected to the hanging bracket, the second end of the T-shaped plate is rotationally connected to the rack, and the third end of the T-shaped plate is rotationally connected with the output shaft of the third driving piece; and the parallelogram is formed by the rotation connection point of the L-shaped plate and the frame, the rotation connection point of the L-shaped plate and the hanging frame, the rotation connection point of the T-shaped plate and the frame and the rotation connection point of the T-shaped plate and the hanging frame.
According to the no-tillage planter disclosed by the invention, one end of the suspension bracket is rotationally connected with the frame, the driving piece IV is arranged on the suspension bracket, and the output shaft of the driving piece IV is rotationally connected with the frame.
The invention provides a no-tillage planter, which has the beneficial effects that:
1. through the cooperation of straw clearance subassembly, pesticide application subassembly, fertilization subassembly, seeding subassembly, suppression subassembly, earthing subassembly and suspension module use for this no-tillage planter is integrated a plurality of operation links to form the duplex operation, can adapt to the integration of agricultural machinery agronomy, and a tractor serves several purposes, improves the mechanical utilization, reduces the investment of agricultural machinery and equipment of agricultural machinery user, is favorable to agricultural mechanized development more.
2. Through setting up the subassembly of applying medicine for this no-tillage planter can be when carrying the straw with straw broken bits and pesticide mixture, also handle plant straw and the ovum and the plant germ hidden on the dead branch fallen leaves when utilizing straw decomposition to nourish soil, avoid ovum germ to cause harm to soil and seedling, the diversion has promoted the output of crop.
3. By arranging three fertilization openings on the fertilization pipe, three layers of fertilization can be carried out on soil, so that the fertilizer efficiency is fully exerted, and the crops can be nourished when the crops grow by vigorous rooting.
4. The driving wheel drives the driven wheel to rotate by rotating the pressing roller, so that the sowing speed of the no-tillage planter is related to the rotation speed of the pressing roller; and because the rotation speed of the pressing roller is related to the travelling speed of the agricultural machine, the no-tillage seeding machine can automatically control the seeding speed according to the travelling speed of the agricultural machine, the seeding speed is also high when the travelling speed is high, and the seeding speed is also low when the travelling speed is low, so that the seeding is more uniform.
5. The driving piece drives the driving plate to dial the straw in front of the frame into the space between the two toothed rollers, so that the no-tillage planter can crush and remove the straw conveniently, and the condition that the straw is pressed below by the frame without being rolled into the crushing assembly is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the installation relationship of the straw cleaning assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the crushing assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the mounting relationship of the fertilizer assembly of the present invention to a frame;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the construction of the ripper blade of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the fertilization process of the fertilization assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the mounting relationship of the seeding, compacting and earthing assemblies of the present invention to the frame;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion of FIG. 7 at A;
FIG. 9 is a schematic illustration of the straw conveying process of the applicator assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the three operating principles of the drive of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the four operating principles of the drive member of the present invention;
in the figure, 1-rack, 11-mounting platform, 12-T-shaped plate, 13-L-shaped plate, 14-driving part III, 2-straw removing assembly, 21-crushing assembly, 211-plate frame, 212-toothed roller, 213-cross plate, 22-driving part I, 23-driving plate, 231-hook knife, 24-driving part II, 3-applying assembly, 31-conveyor belt, 32-auger conveyor, 33-drip irrigation bottle, 34-hopper, 35-feeding slide, 4-applying assembly, 41-fertilizer box, 42-hanger, 43-scarifier, 44-fertilizer feeding pipe, 45-applying pipe, 46-applying port, 47-retaining plate, 5-seeding assembly, 51-seeding box, 52-seeding pipe, 53-baffle plate, 54-rotating shaft, 55-torsion spring, 56-driven wheel, 57-driving plate, 58-driven plate, 6-pressing assembly, 61-pressing roller, 62-driving wheel, 7-covering assembly, 71-covering plate, 8-hanging assembly, 81-hanging hanger, 82-driving part IV-hanging part.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making apparent the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, it being understood that the specific examples described herein are for illustration only and are not intended to limit the present invention.
It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are merely for convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to the specific circumstances.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a no-tillage planter; the invention provides an embodiment 1 with the application environment to be planted after corn is harvested in a one-year-old planting system, comprising a frame 1, a straw removing assembly 2, a pesticide applying assembly 3, a fertilizer applying assembly 4, a sowing assembly 5, a compacting assembly 6, a covering assembly 7 and a hanging assembly 8, wherein one side of the top of the frame 1 is provided with a mounting platform 11;
wherein, the one end that appointed frame 1 installed mounting platform 11 is the front end, and the one end that frame 1 kept away from mounting platform 11 is the rear end, and each subassembly installation order of frame 1 from front end to rear end is: the straw cleaning assembly 2, the fertilization assembly 4, the seeding assembly 5, the earthing assembly 7, the compacting assembly 6 and the suspension assembly 8; the suspension assembly 8 comprises a suspension frame 81 connected to the side part of the rear end of the frame 1 through bolts, and the suspension frame 81 is used for suspending the frame 1 at the front end of the headstock of the agricultural machine; therefore, the no-tillage planter integrates a plurality of operation links to form a compound operation, can adapt to the integration of agriculture and agriculture of the agricultural machinery, has multiple functions, improves the utilization rate of machinery, reduces the investment of agricultural machinery and equipment by the agricultural machinery, and is more beneficial to the development of agricultural mechanization.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, in particular, the straw removing assembly 2 of the present embodiment 1 includes four groups of crushing assemblies 21 mounted on the top of the mounting platform 11, each of the four groups of crushing assemblies 21 includes a plate frame 211, and two toothed rollers 212 parallel to each other and arranged with gears staggered are rotatably connected to the plate frame 211; the second driving part 24 is arranged on one side of the top of the mounting platform 11, the output shaft of the second driving part 24 is in belt transmission with one tooth roller 212 closest to the crushing assembly 21 of the second driving part, and all tooth rollers 212 of the straw removing assembly 2 are in belt transmission; in this way, all the toothed rollers 212 can be driven to rotate by the second driving part 24, so that the straws in front of the frame 1 are crushed for subsequent fertilization and sowing; the second driving member 24 in the embodiment 1 is a gear motor, and a person skilled in the art can select other second driving members 24 according to actual situations; in addition, the person skilled in the art may choose the transmission mode between the second driving member 24 and the toothed roller 212, such as a chain transmission, according to the actual situation.
Referring to fig. 1, 4, 5 and 6, specifically, the fertilization assembly 4 of the embodiment 1 includes a fertilizer box 41 mounted on the top of the frame 1 and a hanger 42 suspended below the frame 1, and four scarifiers 43 corresponding to the positions of the crushing assemblies 21 are mounted on the hanger 42; the back of each soil loosening knife 43 is provided with a fertilizer pipe 45, one side of each fertilizer pipe 45 away from the soil loosening knife 43 is provided with three fertilizer holes 46 from bottom to top, and the bottom of each fertilizer hole 46 is provided with a soil retaining plate 47; the bottom of the fertilizer box 41 is connected with four fertilizer feeding pipes 44 corresponding to the positions of the soil loosening cutters 43, and the four fertilizer feeding pipes 44 respectively extend into the corresponding fertilizer feeding pipes 45; in this way, after the straw cleaning component 2 breaks and cleans the straw, the soil can be loosened and ditched by the soil loosening knife 43, and three layers of fertilizer can be applied to the soil by the three fertilizer application ports 46 of the fertilizer application pipe 45, so that the fertilizer efficiency is fully exerted, and fertilizer can be nourished when crops grow through strong rooting; the soil retaining plate 47 can also prevent soil from rushing into the fertilizer application port 46 during fertilizer application, so that the fertilizer application port 46 is prevented from being blocked; in addition, the fertilizing assembly 4 is arranged in front of the seeding assembly 5, so that fertilizer can be prevented from being directly scattered on seeds, and the seeds are prevented from being burned by the fertilizer; in the embodiment 1, the material of the ripper 43 is 65Mn, and those skilled in the art can select the ripper 43 of other materials according to the actual situation; in addition, the person skilled in the art can also provide other numbers of fertilizer outlets 46 on the fertilizer pipe 45 according to the actual situation.
Referring to fig. 1, 7 and 8, specifically, the seeding assembly 5 of the embodiment 1 includes a seeding box 51 mounted on the top of the frame 1, four seeding pipes 52 located right behind the scarifier 43 are connected to the bottom of the seeding box 51, all the seeding pipes 52 are provided with baffle plates 53, the frame 1 is horizontally provided with rotating shafts 54 corresponding to the baffle plates 53, and the rotating shafts 54 penetrate through the seeding pipes 52 one by one and are connected with the same ends of all the baffle plates 53; torsion springs 55 are sleeved on the rear periphery of the frame 1 at two ends of the rotating shaft 54, the uniform ends of the two torsion springs 55 are connected with the side part of the frame 1, and one end of the two torsion springs is connected with the rotating shaft 54 and applies self torsion force to the rotating shaft 54; in addition, driven wheels 56 are rotatably mounted on two opposite sides of the frame 1 near the rotating shaft 54, driving shifting plates 57 are arranged on the outer edges of the two driven wheels 56, and driven shifting plates 58 shifted by the driving shifting plates 57 are arranged on two ends of the rotating shaft 54; in this way, after the fertilization assembly 4 performs multi-layer fertilization, four fertilized seed furrows can be sown through the sowing pipe 52, the driven wheel 56 is driven by external force and then rotates, the driving shifting plate 57 shifts the driven shifting plate 58 when rotating along with the driven wheel 56, the driven shifting plate 58 shifts the rotating shaft 54 and then drives the four material baffle plates 53 to rotate, so that the material baffle plates 53 do not seal the sowing pipe 52 any more, and seeds in the sowing box 51 fall into the seed furrows after being conveyed through the sowing pipe 52, and sowing is completed; and after the passive shifting plate 58 loses the shifting of the active shifting plate 57, the rotating shaft 54 automatically resets under the torsion force of the torsion spring 55, thereby completing intermittent seeding and avoiding too dense seeding gaps.
Referring to fig. 1 and 7, in particular, the soil covering assembly 7 of embodiment 1 includes four soil covering plates 71 mounted on the bottom of the frame 1, and the soil covering plates 71 can fill up the trenches after the sowing assembly 5 is used for sowing.
Referring to fig. 1, 7 and 8, specifically, the compacting assembly 6 of embodiment 1 includes a cylindrical compacting roller 61 rotatably connected between two opposite sides of the frame 1; after the soil is covered by the soil covering component 7, the surface layer of the soil can be further leveled through the pressing roller 61, and soil blocks on the surface layer are crushed to avoid the soil layer from being too loose; in addition, the two ends of the pressing roller 61 are provided with driving wheels 62, and the driving wheels 62 positioned on the same side of the frame 1 are connected with driven wheels 56 in a belt manner; in this way, when the pressing roller 61 rotates to press soil, the driving wheel 62 synchronously rotates along with the pressing roller 61, so as to drive the driven wheel 56 to rotate, and further, the sowing speed of the invention is related to the rotation speed of the pressing roller 61, and the rotation speed of the pressing roller 61 is related to the travelling speed of the agricultural machinery, so that the no-tillage sowing machine can automatically control the sowing speed according to the travelling speed of the agricultural machinery, the sowing speed is also high when the travelling speed is high, and the sowing speed is also slow when the travelling speed is low, so that the sowing is more uniform; those skilled in the art will be able to select other driving wheel 62 and driven wheel 56 transmission modes, such as chain transmission, depending on the actual situation.
Referring to fig. 1 and 9, specifically, the application assembly 3 of the embodiment 1 includes a conveyor belt 31 disposed below the mounting platform 11 and an auger conveyor 32 mounted on a side portion of the frame 1, wherein one end of the auger conveyor 32 extends to the conveyor belt 31, and the other end extends to a side of the frame 1 away from the mounting platform 11; four drip irrigation bottles 33 communicated with the inside of the auger conveyor 32 are arranged at the top of the auger conveyor 32, a dosing port is formed in the top of each drip irrigation bottle 33, and a flow regulating valve is arranged at the joint of each drip irrigation bottle 33 and the auger conveyor 32; in this way, the straws crushed by the straw removing assembly 2 are conveyed into the auger conveyor 32 by the conveying belt 31, and the auger conveyor 32 conveys the straws, meanwhile, pesticides in the drip irrigation bottle 33 drop on the straws, are mixed with the straw scraps under the rotation of the auger, and are finally conveyed to the rear end of the frame 1 to be discharged; the plant straw, the plant eggs hidden on the dead branches and fallen leaves and plant germs are treated while the straw is utilized to decompose and nourish the soil, so that the damage of the plant eggs and germs to the soil and seedlings is avoided, and the crop yield is improved in a turning way; in addition, the flow of the pesticide can be regulated through the flow regulating valve, so that the dosage is increased when the straw is gnawed seriously, and insect eggs in the straw are killed better; the auger conveyor 32 and the flow rate adjusting valve in embodiment 1 are both of the prior art, and are not described here.
Referring to fig. 3, in embodiment 1 of the present invention, preferably, a cross plate 213 is mounted on the inner side of a plate frame 211, a first driving member 22 is mounted on the top of the cross plate 213, and a driving plate 23 is connected to the output shaft of the first driving member 22 penetrating the cross plate 213; therefore, after the first driving piece 22 is started, the driving plate 23 is driven to dial the straw in front of the frame 1 between the two tooth rollers 212, so that the no-tillage planter can conveniently crush and remove the straw, and the condition that the straw is pressed below the frame 1 without being wound into the crushing assembly 21 is avoided; the first driving member 22 in the embodiment 1 is a gear motor, and a person skilled in the art can select other driving members 22 according to practical situations.
Referring to fig. 3, in embodiment 1 of the present invention, it is preferable that the driving plate 23 is a disk with several hooks 231 at the outer edge, so that the straw can be easily driven between the two toothed rollers 212; and all knife edges of the bush-hook 231 are blunt, so that the straw can be prevented from being hooked by the bush-hook 231, and then the straw can be completely poked in during crushing, and the situation that the upper half section of the straw is crushed and the lower half section of the straw is left in soil is prevented.
Referring to fig. 1 and 9, in embodiment 1 of the present invention, preferably, a hopper 34 is mounted at the rear end of a frame 1, the bottom of the hopper 34 is inclined and provided with a plurality of openings, and a feeding chute 35 is provided between an auger conveyor 32 and the hopper 34; in this way, the straw scraps are fed into the auger conveyor 32 through the feeding chute 35 to the hopper 34 after being mixed, and then fall onto the surface layer of the soil from a plurality of openings of the hopper 34, so that the straw scraps are spread more uniformly, and the soil is comprehensively nourished.
Referring to fig. 10, in embodiment 1 of the present invention, it is preferable that both pairs of vertical sides of the frame 1 are provided with a T-shaped plate 12, an L-shaped plate 13 and a driving member three 14 at positions corresponding to the hanger 42, and the driving member three 14 is fixedly mounted to the frame 1; one end of the L-shaped plate 13 is rotatably connected to the frame 1, and the other end is rotatably connected to the hanger 42; the first end of the T-shaped plate 12 is rotatably connected to the hanging bracket 42, the second end of the T-shaped plate is rotatably connected to the frame 1, and the third end of the T-shaped plate is rotatably connected to the output shaft of the third driving member 14; the rotating connection point of the L-shaped plate 13 and the frame 1, the rotating connection point of the L-shaped plate 13 and the hanging frame 42, the rotating connection point of the T-shaped plate 12 and the frame 1 and the rotating connection point of the T-shaped plate 12 and the hanging frame 42 form a parallelogram; in this way, the hanger 42 can be driven to rotate by the extension and retraction of the output end of the third driving part 14, so that the cutter head angle of the scarifier 43 and the depth of the scarifier 43 into soil can be conveniently adjusted, the requirements of fertilization depth of different crops can be met, and the applicability and practicality are further enhanced; the third driving member 14 of the present embodiment 1 is a cylinder, and a person skilled in the art may select other driving members 14 according to actual situations.
Referring to fig. 11, in embodiment 1 of the present invention, it is preferable that one end of a hanger 81 is rotatably connected to a frame 1, and a fourth driving member 82 is mounted on the hanger 81, and an output shaft of the fourth driving member 82 is also rotatably connected to the frame 1; in this way, the output end of the driving piece IV 82 stretches out and draws back to drive the frame 1 to rotate integrally, so that the frame 1 and other components are suspended in the air, and the soil loosening blade 43 is prevented from being in false contact with the ground when not working; the fourth driving element 82 of the present embodiment 1 is a cylinder, and a person skilled in the art may select other fourth driving elements 82 according to the actual situation.
In this embodiment 1, the crushing unit 21, the scarifier 43, the seeding pipe 52, the fertilizing pipe 45, the fertilizer feeding pipe 44, and the cover plate 71 are arranged in four rows because the interval between corn planting is large and the planting system is one year and one year; if the crop is wheat, a one-year-old planting system is adopted; because the planting gap of the wheat is relatively smaller than that of the corn, the no-tillage planter can correspondingly increase the rows of the crushing assembly 21, the scarifier 43, the seeding pipe 52, the fertilizing pipe 45, the fertilizer pipe 44 and the earthing plate 71, such as six rows or eight rows; if the corn is in a double-cropping system condition, the crushing assembly 21 can be arranged into four rows, the number of the groups of the scarifier 43, the seeding pipe 52, the fertilizing pipe 45, the fertilizer feeding pipe 44 and the soil covering plate 71 is correspondingly increased to six rows or eight rows, and the front corn straw is crushed and the rear wheat seeds are fertilized and sowed; the skilled person can adjust according to the planting crops and the planting system.
In this embodiment 1, the suspension frame 81 is used to suspend the frame 1 at the front end of the head of the agricultural machine, and those skilled in the art may change the suspension manner according to the actual situation, for example, suspend the frame 1 at the rear end or the side of the agricultural machine.
The working process of the invention is as follows:
the first step: the driving part I22 drives the driving plate 23 to drive the straws in front of the machine frame 1 into the space between the two toothed rollers 212, and the driving part II 24 drives all the toothed rollers 212 to rotate so as to crush the straws in front of the machine frame 1.
And a second step of: the soil loosening blade 43 loosens soil and ditches the land, and simultaneously three layers of fertilizer are applied to the ditched soil through the fertilizer application pipe 45.
And a third step of: driven wheel 56 is driven by action wheel 62 to rotate, and initiative shifting board 57 stirs passive shifting board 58 when following driven wheel 56 and rotates, and passive shifting board 58 is stirred the back and drives pivot 54 rotation, and then drives four striker plates 53 rotation, striker plates 53 no longer seal seeding pipe 52, and the seed in the seeding case 51 drops in the seed ditch from seeding pipe 52 to carry out intermittent seeding.
Fourth step: the earth cover plate 71 performs earth-cover filling of the seed grooves.
Fifth step: the pressing roller 61 further presses and levels the soil surface layer, and simultaneously crushes soil blocks on the soil surface layer.
Sixth step: the crushed straws in the first step are conveyed into a screw conveyor 32 by a conveying belt 31, and the crushed straws are mixed with pesticide dripped into a drip irrigation bottle 33 while being conveyed by the screw conveyor 32, then conveyed into a hopper 34 by a feeding chute 35, finally dropped out of a plurality of openings of the hopper 34 and spread on the soil surface.
In summary, the invention provides a no-tillage planter, which integrates a plurality of operation links to form a compound operation through the cooperation of a straw cleaning assembly, a pesticide application assembly, a fertilizer application assembly, a seeding assembly, a compacting assembly, a soil covering assembly and a suspension assembly, so that the no-tillage planter can adapt to the combination of agricultural machinery and agriculture, has multiple functions, improves the utilization rate of machinery, reduces the investment of agricultural machinery equipment by farmers, and is more beneficial to the development of agricultural mechanization; by arranging the pesticide application assembly, the no-tillage planter can mix straw scraps with pesticides while conveying straws, and treat eggs and plant germs hidden on plant straws and dead branches and fallen leaves while decomposing and nourishing soil by using the straws, so that the damage of the eggs and germs to the soil and seedlings is avoided, and the yield of crops is improved; by arranging three fertilization openings on the fertilization pipe, three layers of fertilization can be carried out on soil, so that the fertilizer efficiency is fully exerted, and the crops can be nourished when the crops grow through vigorous rooting; the driving wheel drives the driven wheel to rotate by rotating the pressing roller, so that the sowing speed of the no-tillage planter is related to the rotation speed of the pressing roller; the rotation speed of the pressing roller is related to the travelling speed of the agricultural machine, so that the no-tillage seeding machine can automatically control the seeding speed according to the travelling speed of the agricultural machine, the seeding speed is high when the travelling speed is high, and the seeding speed is low when the travelling speed is low, so that the seeding is more uniform; the driving piece drives the driving plate to dial the straw in front of the frame into the space between the two toothed rollers, so that the no-tillage planter can crush and remove the straw conveniently, and the condition that the straw is pressed below by the frame without being rolled into the crushing assembly is avoided.
Of course, the present invention is capable of other various embodiments and its several details are capable of modification and variation in light of the present invention, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A no-tillage planter, comprising:
the device comprises a rack, wherein an installation platform is arranged on one side of the top of the rack;
the straw cleaning assembly comprises a plurality of groups of crushing assemblies arranged at the top of the mounting platform, the crushing assemblies comprise plate frames, and two toothed rollers which are parallel to each other and are arranged in a gear staggered manner are rotationally connected on the plate frames; the inner side of the plate frame is provided with a transverse plate, the top of the transverse plate is provided with a first driving piece, an output shaft of the first driving piece penetrates through the transverse plate and is connected with a driving plate, the driving plate is a disc with a plurality of hook knives on the outer edge, and all the knife edges of the hook knives are blunt openings; the first driving piece provides driving plate with power for driving the straw at the front end of the frame to the position between the two toothed rollers;
the medicine applying assembly comprises a conveying belt arranged below the mounting platform and an auger conveyor arranged on the side part of the frame, one end of the auger conveyor extends to the conveying belt, the other end of the auger conveyor extends to one side, far away from the mounting platform, of the frame, and a plurality of drip irrigation bottles are arranged on the top of the auger conveyor;
the fertilizer application assembly comprises a fertilizer box arranged at the top of the frame and a hanging bracket hung below the frame, wherein a plurality of soil loosening cutters are arranged on the hanging bracket, and a plurality of fertilizer feeding pipes are connected to the bottom of the fertilizer box;
the seeding assembly comprises a seeding box arranged at the top of the frame, the bottom of the seeding box is connected with a plurality of seeding pipes, all the seeding pipes are internally provided with baffle plates, the positions of the frame corresponding to the baffle plates are horizontally provided with rotating shafts, and the rotating shafts penetrate through the seeding pipes one by one and are connected with the same ends of all the baffle plates; torsion springs are sleeved on the rear periphery of the machine frame, which extend out of the two ends of the rotating shaft, the two torsion springs are connected with the machine frame, and torsion forces of the two torsion springs act on the rotating shaft; driven wheels are rotatably mounted on the two opposite sides of the frame and close to the rotating shaft, active shifting plates are arranged on the outer edges of the two driven wheels, and passive shifting plates which are shifted by the active shifting plates are arranged at the two ends of the rotating shaft;
the pressing assembly comprises a cylindrical pressing roller which is rotatably connected between two opposite sides of the frame, driving wheels are arranged at two ends of the pressing roller, and the driving wheels positioned at the same side of the frame are in transmission connection with driven wheels;
the earthing component comprises a plurality of earthing plates arranged at the bottom of the frame;
the suspension assembly comprises a suspension bracket connected to one end side part of the frame;
designating one end of the rack, which is provided with the mounting platform, as a front end, and designating one end of the rack, which is far away from the mounting platform, as a rear end; the mounting sequence of each component of the frame from the front end to the rear end is as follows: the device comprises a straw cleaning assembly, a fertilizing assembly, a seeding assembly, a soil covering assembly and a compacting assembly; the suspension component is connected to the front end side part or the rear end side part of the frame;
the two opposite vertical sides of the frame are respectively provided with a T-shaped plate, an L-shaped plate and a driving piece III at positions corresponding to the hanging frame, and the driving piece III is fixedly arranged on the frame; one end of the L-shaped plate is rotatably connected to the frame, and the other end of the L-shaped plate is rotatably connected to the hanger; the first end of the T-shaped plate is rotationally connected to the hanging bracket, the second end of the T-shaped plate is rotationally connected to the rack, and the third end of the T-shaped plate is rotationally connected with the output shaft of the third driving piece; and the parallelogram is formed by the rotation connection point of the L-shaped plate and the frame, the rotation connection point of the L-shaped plate and the hanging frame, the rotation connection point of the T-shaped plate and the frame and the rotation connection point of the T-shaped plate and the hanging frame.
2. The no-tillage planter according to claim 1 wherein a dosing port is provided at the top of the drip irrigation bottle, the drip irrigation bottle is in communication with the auger conveyor, and a flow regulating valve is provided at the junction of the drip irrigation bottle and the auger conveyor.
3. The no-tillage planter according to claim 1, wherein a fertilizing pipe is arranged at the back of the soil loosening knife, a plurality of fertilizing openings are arranged on one side of the fertilizing pipe away from the soil loosening knife from bottom to top, and a soil retaining plate is arranged at the bottom of each fertilizing opening; the fertilizer feeding pipe extends into the fertilizer applying pipe.
4. The no-tillage planter according to claim 1, wherein a hopper is mounted at the rear end of the frame, and a feeding chute is provided between the auger conveyor and the hopper.
5. The no-tillage planter according to claim 1, wherein a second driving member is mounted on one side of the top of the mounting platform, an output shaft of the second driving member is connected with one toothed roller of the straw cleaning assembly, and all toothed rollers of the straw cleaning assembly are in transmission connection.
6. The no-tillage planter according to claim 1 wherein one end of the hanger is rotatably connected to the frame, a fourth driving member is mounted on the hanger, and an output shaft of the fourth driving member is also rotatably connected to the frame.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202311620698.2A CN117296495B (en) | 2023-11-30 | 2023-11-30 | No-tillage planter |
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| CN202311620698.2A CN117296495B (en) | 2023-11-30 | 2023-11-30 | No-tillage planter |
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