CN111937572A

CN111937572A - Straw returning method based on mechanized operation

Info

Publication number: CN111937572A
Application number: CN202010776689.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 不公告发明人
Original assignee: Anhui Fengniancheng Electromechanical Design Service Co ltd
Current assignee: Anhui Fengniancheng Electromechanical Design Service Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-08-05
Filing date: 2020-08-05
Publication date: 2020-11-17

Abstract

The invention provides a straw field returning method based on mechanized operation, which comprises the steps that firstly, a handle is pushed to enable wheels to roll in the field to advance, meanwhile, a power driving device is started by a control panel, and the power driving device transmits power to a harvesting mechanism, a first conveying mechanism II, a third conveying mechanism and a crushing mechanism; then, the harvesting mechanism automatically cuts off and harvests the straws standing in the field, and the harvested straws enter the first conveying mechanism; the conveying mechanism extrudes and compresses the straws into a bundle shape and outputs the bundle shape to the second conveying mechanism, and the bundle-shaped straws are stirred and pushed down in the second conveying mechanism and are output to the third conveying mechanism; the conveying mechanism III further compresses the straws and slowly outputs the straws to the crushing mechanism; finally, the shredder mechanism continuously cuts the straw lengthwise and forms straw chips of 0.5cm to 1cm length that are thrown off one side of the travel carriage and fall into the field.

Description

Straw returning method based on mechanized operation

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of straw returning machines, in particular to a straw returning method based on mechanized operation.

Background

Traditional straw reducing mechanism, its primary structure is by power device and hobbing cutter, carries out high-speed rotation by power device drive hobbing cutter, and the straw after will tying is put into to smashing the incasement, and high-speed pivoted hobbing cutter carries out shredding to the straw, smashes the back by smashing the case and directly discharge to the field in. The disadvantages are that: 1. traditional rubbing crusher does not possess the function of marcing, can only carry out shredding to the straw in the fixed point, lead to exhaust straw piece to pile up, be unfavorable for earth to dissolve the straw piece, 2, straw piece undersize, because the reason of wind-force, the straw piece can be blown away in the air, cause inconvenience to the resident family on every side, if by human suction, still can lead to respiratory disease, 3, can't carry out the automation to the straw of standing in the field and reap crushing, need artifical supplementary to put in the straw to smashing the incasement and carry out shredding, greatly reduced smash still field's efficiency, increase peasant's intensity of labour. In order to overcome the above disadvantages, it is necessary to provide an efficient automatic harvesting, cutting, crushing and returning method capable of freely moving in the field, which cuts the straws with a guillotine to avoid the straw fragments from being too small.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide an automatic harvesting, cutting and smashing straw returning method which can freely advance in the field and has high efficiency.

In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows.

The straw returning method based on mechanized operation comprises the following steps:

starting a traveling stage;

s1: a farmer holds the handle, presses down the handle and tilts the roller upwards, pushes the handle to roll the wheels in the field, and drives the travelling bracket to travel in the field;

(II) harvesting and conveying;

s2: the harvesting mechanism automatically cuts off and harvests the straws standing in the field, and the harvested straws enter the first conveying mechanism;

the harvesting mechanism comprises a rotating shaft and a circular saw-toothed cutting blade, wherein the rotating shaft is rotatably arranged at the front end of the first mounting frame, the circular saw-toothed cutting blade is coaxially fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft, the front end of the first mounting frame is triangular, one corner of the triangle formed at the front end of the first mounting frame is arranged along the advancing direction of the first mounting frame, the rotating shaft is rotatably arranged at the corner of the triangle along the advancing direction of the triangle, the cutting blade is positioned on the upper end surface of the first mounting frame, and the rotating shaft can be driven by;

s3: the conveying mechanism extrudes and compresses the straws into a bundle shape and outputs the bundle shape to the second conveying mechanism, and the bundle-shaped straws are stirred and pushed down in the second conveying mechanism and are output to the third conveying mechanism;

during the working process of the first conveying mechanism and the second conveying mechanism, the reaping mechanism cuts off the reaped straws and enters the input end of the first conveying belt along with the advancing of the advancing bracket, the first driving roller and the first driven roller rotate and drive the first conveying belt to run, the extrusion plate draws the straws into the input end of the first conveying belt and is in contact combination with the straws, the straws enter the extrusion groove and complete extrusion plasticity of the straws into a bundle shape in the extrusion groove, the extrusion groove moves away from the advancing direction of the advancing bracket, the extrusion plate is separated and opened at the output end of the first conveying belt and discharges the bundle-shaped straws after the extrusion groove plasticity into the pouring port, at the moment, the bundle-shaped straws are still in a vertical standing state, the driving shaft rotates and drives the rotating disc to rotate, the deflector rod rotates around the axial direction of the driving shaft and pushes down the bundle-shaped straws in the pouring port, the straws topple downwards towards the opening of the pouring port and pour, the driving roller II and the driven roller II rotate and drive the conveying belt II to rotate, the conveying belt II conveys the straws at the dumping opening into the conveying mechanism III, and the length direction of the straws is vertical to the advancing direction of the advancing bracket;

s4: the conveying mechanism III further compresses the straws and slowly outputs the straws to the crushing mechanism;

when the conveying mechanism III works, the conveying belt II conveys the straws to the input end of the conveying belt III, the pressing roller rotates anticlockwise and drives the conveying belt III to run, the straws are conveyed from one side of the mounting frame II to the other side on the conveying belt III, the length direction of the straws also points to the other side from one side of the mounting frame II, the straws are subjected to first pressing treatment through the pressing interface in the conveying process, the straws are pressed between the pressing roller and the conveying belt III when conveyed to the output end of the conveying belt III, the pressing roller tightly presses the straws on the conveying belt III under the elastic force action of the pressing spring, and then the straws are discharged into the crushing mechanism from the output end of the conveying belt III to be crushed;

(III) crushing and throwing;

s5: the smashing mechanism continuously cuts the straws along the length direction and forms straw scraps with the length size of 0.5cm to 1cm, and the straw scraps are thrown out of one side of the travelling bracket and fall into the field;

rubbing crusher constructs at the course of the work, the conveyer belt three will compress tightly the straw output of compaction and pass the delivery outlet and get into in throwing the mouth, meanwhile, crank link assembly with the epaxial power transmission of power to the hand hay cutter on and drive the hand hay cutter along guiding groove reciprocating motion from top to bottom, the hand hay cutter cooperatees with the hand hay cutter platform and tailors the straw absolutely, the straw will be cut out into 0.5cm to 1 cm's straw piece, the fan rotates and blows off the straw piece by throwing the mouth, spill to in the field.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the automatic harvesting machine has a simple and reliable structure, can freely advance in the field to automatically harvest the straws standing in the field, and cuts and crushes the straws after harvesting, so that the straw returning efficiency is greatly improved, and the labor intensity of farmers is reduced;

2. the straw is cut by the guillotine, so that the situation that the straw scraps are too small is avoided;

3. the harvested straws can be extruded and compacted into a bundle shape, so that the cutting of a guillotine is facilitated;

4. the length of the straw scraps after cutting is controlled between 0.5cm and 1cm, and the straw scraps are uniformly thrown into the whole field along with the advancing of the whole machine, so that the soil is convenient for dissolving the straw scraps, and meanwhile, the straw scraps are stably and difficultly blown up by wind.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the traveling carriage.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the second mounting frame.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the first mounting frame.

Fig. 6 is a connection diagram of the conveying device, the harvesting mechanism and the crushing mechanism.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the conveying device.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the first conveying mechanism.

Fig. 9 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the first conveying mechanism.

Fig. 10 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the first conveying mechanism.

Fig. 11 is a schematic internal structure diagram of the first conveying mechanism.

Fig. 12 is a schematic internal structure diagram of the first conveying mechanism.

FIG. 13 is a connection diagram of the first conveying mechanism, the second conveying mechanism and the third conveying mechanism.

Fig. 14 is a schematic structural view of the second conveying mechanism.

Fig. 15 is a partial structural schematic view of the second conveying mechanism.

Fig. 16 is a diagram showing the second and third conveying mechanisms.

Fig. 17 is a matching view of the second conveying mechanism and the third conveying mechanism.

Fig. 18 is a schematic structural view of the third conveying mechanism.

Fig. 19 is a schematic structural view of the third conveying mechanism.

Fig. 20 is a schematic structural view of the third conveying mechanism.

Fig. 21 is a matching view of the crushing mechanism and the second mounting frame.

Fig. 22 is a diagram showing the combination of the crushing mechanism and the third conveying mechanism.

Fig. 23 is a schematic view of the shredder mechanism.

FIG. 24 is a connection diagram of the power driving device with the first conveying mechanism, the second conveying mechanism, the third conveying mechanism, the harvesting mechanism and the crushing mechanism.

Fig. 25 is a combination view of the engine and the first transmission mechanism.

Fig. 26 is a schematic structural diagram of the first transmission mechanism.

Fig. 27 is a schematic structural diagram of the second transmission mechanism.

Fig. 28 is a schematic structural diagram of a third transmission mechanism.

Detailed Description

First, the front end and the rear end are referred to as a front end and a rear end, respectively, in the traveling direction of the traveling carriage 100, respectively.

starting a traveling stage;

s1: the farmer holds the handle 104 and presses down the handle and tilts the roller 107 upwards, pushes the handle 104 to roll the wheels 106 in the field, and the travelling bracket 100 travels in the field, meanwhile, the control panel 105 starts the power driving device 500, and the power driving device 500 transmits power to the harvesting mechanism 200, the first conveying mechanism 310, the second conveying mechanism 320, the third conveying mechanism 330 and the crushing mechanism 400;

the harvesting mechanism 200 is arranged at the front end of the traveling bracket 100 along the traveling direction of the traveling bracket 100 and is used for harvesting straws, the smashing mechanism 400 is arranged at one side of the rear end of the traveling bracket 100 along the traveling direction of the traveling bracket 100 and is used for cutting and smashing the straws to form straw scraps with the length of 0.5cm to 1cm, the first conveying mechanism 310, the second conveying mechanism 320 and the third conveying mechanism 330 jointly form a conveying device 300, the conveying device 300 is arranged at the middle position of the traveling bracket 100 and is positioned between the harvesting mechanism 200 and the smashing mechanism 300, the conveying device 300 is used for receiving the straws harvested by the harvesting mechanism 200 and sequentially extruding, bundling, stirring, pushing and pressing the straws into the smashing mechanism 400, and the power driving device 500 is arranged at the tail part of the rear end of the traveling bracket 100;

the input end of the first conveying mechanism 310 is connected with the harvesting mechanism 200, the output end of the first conveying mechanism 310 is connected with the input end of the second conveying mechanism 320, the input end of the third conveying mechanism 330 is connected with the output end of the second conveying mechanism 320, and the output end of the third conveying mechanism 330 is connected with the crushing mechanism 400, the straws harvested by the harvesting mechanism 200 sequentially pass through the first conveying mechanism 310, the second conveying mechanism 320 and the third conveying mechanism 330 to enter the crushing mechanism 400, the first conveying mechanism 310 is used for conveying and extruding the straws into bundles, the second conveying mechanism 320 is used for conveying, stirring and pushing the straws to be transverse, and the third conveying mechanism 330 is used for compacting the bundled straws and slowly conveying the straws to the crushing mechanism 400;

(II) harvesting and conveying;

s2: the harvesting mechanism 200 automatically cuts off and harvests the straws standing in the field, and the harvested straws enter the first conveying mechanism 310;

the harvesting mechanism 200 comprises a rotating shaft 201 rotatably arranged at the front end of the first mounting frame 101 and a circular saw-toothed cutting blade 202 coaxially fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft 201, the front end of the first mounting frame 101 is arranged in a triangular shape, one corner of the triangle formed at the front end of the first mounting frame 101 is arranged along the advancing direction of the triangle, the rotating shaft 201 is rotatably arranged at the corner of the triangle along the advancing direction of the triangle, the cutting blade 202 is positioned on the upper end surface of the first mounting frame 101, and the rotating shaft 201 can be driven by a power driving device 500;

s3: the first conveying mechanism 310 extrudes and compresses the straws into bundles and outputs the bundles to the second conveying mechanism 320, and the bundles of straws are stirred and pushed down in the second conveying mechanism 320 and output to the third conveying mechanism 330;

the first conveying mechanism 310 comprises a fixed frame 311 and a rectangular supporting plate 312 which are arranged on a first mounting frame 101, one end of the supporting plate 312 in the length direction extends to the joint of the first mounting frame 101 and a second mounting frame 102, the other end of the supporting plate 312 extends to a rotating shaft 201, the top end of the rotating shaft 201 is in rotating connection and matching with the supporting plate 312, a cutting blade 202 is positioned between the first mounting frame 101 and the supporting plate 312, the supporting plate 312 is fixedly connected with the first mounting frame 101, the fixed frame 311 is fixedly arranged on the upper end face of the supporting plate 312, the fixed frame 311 is provided with two guide plates 313 which are arranged in a bilateral symmetry manner along the traveling direction of the traveling bracket 100, the front end of the fixed frame 311 in the traveling direction of the traveling bracket 100 is fixedly provided with a vertical guide plate 313, the lower end of the guide plate 313 is fixedly connected with the supporting plate 312 and positioned on one side of the cutting, the fixing frames 311 are provided with conveying components, and the conveying components are used for conveying, extruding and compressing the straws at the gap between the two fixing frames 311;

a rectangular bottom plate 311a, a rectangular vertical plate 311b, a rectangular top plate 311c and a clamp plate 311c, wherein the lower end surface of the bottom plate 311a is fixedly connected with the upper end surface of the supporting plate 312, the bottom plate 311a and the top plate 311c are arranged vertically and symmetrically, the plane on which the bottom plate 311a and the top plate 311c are arranged is parallel to the horizontal plane, the plane on which the vertical plate 311b is arranged is parallel to the vertical plane, the upper end of the vertical plate is fixedly connected with the outer side of the top plate 311c, the lower end of the vertical plate 311b is fixedly connected with the outer side of the bottom plate 311a, the plane on which the clamp plate 311d is arranged is parallel to the vertical plane, the lower end of the clamp plate 311d is fixedly connected with the inner side of the top;

the conveying assembly comprises a driving roller I317 rotatably arranged between one end of a bottom plate 311a and one end of a top plate 311c along the length direction, a driven roller I318 rotatably arranged between the other end of the bottom plate 311a and the other end of the top plate 311c along the length direction, the driving roller I317 can be driven by a power driving device 500, the driving roller I317 and the driven roller I318 have the same diameter, the end parts of the driving roller I317 and the end parts of the driven roller I318 are rotatably connected and matched with the bottom plate 311a or the top plate 311c, the axial directions of the driving roller I317 and the driven roller II 318 are parallel to the front spacing direction of the bottom plate 311a and the top plate 311c, a conveying belt I319 forming a closed circulation loop is arranged between the driving roller I317 and the driven roller I318 in a winding mode, a rectangular thin-wall extrusion plate 319a which is vertically arranged is fixedly arranged on the conveying belt I, The width direction of the extrusion plate 319a is always vertical to the belt surface of the first conveying belt 319, the upper end of the extrusion plate 319a in the length direction of the extrusion plate 319a is flush with the upper end of the first conveying belt 319, the lower end of the extrusion plate 319a is flush with the lower end of the first conveying belt 319, the extrusion plate 319a is provided with a plurality of extrusion grooves 319a which are arranged in an array at equal intervals in the running direction of the first conveying belt 319, the extrusion plates 319a between the two first conveying belts 319 are contacted and combined at the input end of the extrusion plates 319a and are separated and opened at the output end of the extrusion plates, the pair of extrusion plates 319a after contact and adjacent pair of extrusion plates 319a after contact and combination form an extrusion groove 319b together, the lower end opening of the extrusion groove 319b is blocked by the supporting plate 312, the upper end opening of the extrusion groove 319b is opposite to the gap between the two clamping plates 311;

the conveying direction of the second conveying mechanism 320 is parallel to the advancing direction of the advancing bracket 100, the second conveying mechanism 320 comprises a driving roller second 321 and a driven roller second 322 which are rotatably arranged on the second mounting frame 102, the driving roller second 321 and the driven roller second 322 are arranged back and forth along the advancing direction of the advancing bracket 100, the diameters of the driving roller second 321 and the driven roller second 322 are equal, the end parts of the driving roller second 321 and the driven roller second 322 are rotatably connected and matched with one side of the second mounting frame 102, the driving roller second 321 can be driven by the power driving device 500, a second conveying belt 323 forming a closed circulation loop is arranged between the driving roller second 321 and the driven roller second 322 in a winding manner, the second conveying belt 323 extends from one side of the second mounting frame 102 to the other side, the input end of the second conveying belt 323 is aligned with the output end of the first conveying belt 319, and the second conveying belt 323 is adjacent to the rear end of the supporting;

a vertical bending plate I314 perpendicular to the vertical plate 311b is fixedly arranged at the rear end of the vertical plate 311b on the left side in the advancing direction of the advancing bracket 100, a vertical bending plate II 315 perpendicular to the vertical plate is fixedly arranged at the rear end of the vertical plate 311b on the right side in the advancing direction of the advancing bracket 100, the bending directions of the bending plate I314 and the bending plate II 315 are consistent and are arranged in parallel with each other, the bending plate II 315 is of a double-layer plate structure and comprises an inner side plate 315a close to the bending plate I314 and an outer side plate 315b far away from the bending plate I314, a pouring opening 316 is formed between the bending plate I314 and the inner side plate 315a, the opening direction of the pouring opening 316 points to the left side in the advancing direction of the advancing bracket 100, and the pouring, the first bending plate 314 is fixedly connected with the upper end face of the second mounting frame 102 and seals the input end of the second conveying belt 323, the second bending plate 315 is positioned right above the second conveying belt 323, and a gap through which the straws pass is reserved between the second bending plate and the second conveying belt 323;

the second conveying mechanism 320 further comprises a driving shaft 324 rotatably arranged on the inner side plate 315a and the outer side plate 315b, the axial direction of the driving shaft 324 is parallel to the advancing direction of the advancing bracket 100, the axis of the driving shaft 324 coincides with the symmetrical center lines of the left and right fixing frames 311, the driving shaft 324 is aligned with the middle position of the extrusion groove 319b along the height direction thereof, the driving end of the driving shaft 324 can receive the driving of the power driving device 500, the output end of the driving shaft 324 is coaxially and fixedly sleeved with a circular turntable 325, the turntable 325 is positioned in the pouring opening 316 and is attached to the inner side plate 315a, and a deflector rod 326 axially parallel to the axial direction of the turntable 325 is fixedly arranged at the edge position of one end surface of the turntable 325 departing from;

during the operation of the first conveying mechanism 310 and the second conveying mechanism 320, the reaping mechanism 200 cuts off the reaped straws and enters the input end of the first conveying belt 319 along with the advancing of the advancing bracket 100, the first driving roller 317 and the first driven roller 318 rotate and drive the first conveying belt 319 to operate, the extrusion plate 319a takes in the straws and contacts and combines with the straws at the input end of the first conveying belt 319, the straws enter the extrusion groove 319b and complete extrusion and plasticity into bundles of the straws in the extrusion groove 319b, the extrusion groove 319b moves away from the advancing direction of the advancing bracket 100, the extrusion plate 319a is separated and opened at the output end of the first conveying belt 319, and the bundles of straws after plasticity in the extrusion groove 319b are discharged into the pouring opening 316, at the moment, the bundles of straws are still in a vertical standing state, the driving shaft 324 rotates and drives the rotating disc 325 to rotate, the deflector rod 325 rotates around the axial direction of the driving shaft 324 and pushes down the bundles of straws in the pouring opening 316, the straws are poured downwards towards the opening of the pouring opening 316 and poured onto the second conveying belt 323, the second driving roller 321 and the second driven roller 322 rotate and drive the second conveying belt 323 to rotate, the second conveying belt 323 conveys the straws at the pouring opening into the third conveying mechanism 330, and the length direction of the straws is vertical to the advancing direction of the advancing bracket 100;

s4: the third conveying mechanism 330 further compresses the straws and slowly outputs the straws to the crushing mechanism 400;

the third conveying mechanism 330 comprises a third driven roller 331 which is rotatably arranged on the second mounting frame 102, the third driven roller 331 is provided with two rollers and is respectively positioned at one side of the second mounting frame 102, the axial direction of the third driven roller 331 is parallel to the advancing direction of the advancing bracket 100, a third conveying belt 332 which forms a closed circulating loop is arranged between the three driven rollers 331 in a winding manner, the input end of the third conveying belt 332 and the opening of the pouring opening 316 are positioned at the same side of the second mounting frame 102, the output end of the third conveying belt and the opening of the pouring opening 316 are positioned at the opposite side of the second mounting frame 102, the third conveying belt 332 is positioned below the second conveying belt 323, the input end of the third conveying belt 332 is connected with the output end of the second conveying belt 323, an upward vertical first mounting plate 108a is fixedly arranged on the second mounting frame 102, the first mounting plate 108a and the outer side plate 315b are parallel to each other and arranged at intervals, an inclined plate 333 which is obliquely arranged is fixedly arranged between the mounting plate I108 a and the outer side plate 315b, the inclined plate 333 is positioned above the conveyer belt III 332, and a pressing clamping opening which is gradually narrowed along the conveying direction of the conveyer belt III 332 is formed between the inclined plate 333 and the conveyer belt III 332;

the third conveying mechanism 330 further comprises a guide post 334 fixedly arranged at the joint of the right vertical plate 311b and the second bending plate 315, the guide post 334 is axially vertical to the plane of the belt surface of the third conveying belt 332, a retainer 335 capable of sliding up and down along the axial direction of the guide post 334 is sleeved on the guide post 334, the retainer 335 is positioned right above the third conveying belt 332, a pressing roller 336 axially parallel to the axial direction of the third driven roller 331 is rotatably arranged on the retainer 335, the pressing roller 336 can be driven by the power driving device 500, the pressing roller 336 is positioned right above the third conveying belt 332 and the length of the pressing roller 336 is equal to the width of the third conveying belt 332, a pressing spring 337 is movably sleeved on the guide post 334, the elastic force of the pressing spring 337 always pushes the retainer 335 to slide down along the guide post 334, and the pressing roller 336 tightly abuts against the output end of the;

during the working process of the third conveying mechanism 330, the second conveying belt 323 conveys the straws to the input end of the third conveying belt 332, the pressing roller 336 rotates anticlockwise and drives the third conveying belt 332 to run, the straws are conveyed from one side of the second mounting frame 102 to the other side on the third conveying belt 332, the length direction of the straws also points to the other side from one side of the second mounting frame 102, the straws are subjected to first pressing treatment through a pressing interface during the conveying process, the straws are pressed between the pressing roller 336 and the third conveying belt 332 when conveyed to the output end of the third conveying belt 332, the pressing roller 336 tightly presses the straws on the third conveying belt 332 under the elastic force of the pressing spring 337, and then the straws are discharged into the crushing mechanism 400 from the output end of the third conveying belt 332 to be crushed;

(III) crushing and throwing;

s5: the crushing mechanism 400 continuously cuts the straw in the length direction and forms straw chips with the length size of 0.5cm to 1cm, and the straw chips are thrown out of one side of the traveling bracket 100 and fall into the field;

the second mounting frame 102 is fixedly provided with a second mounting plate 108b which is vertically arranged, the second mounting plate 108b is vertically and fixedly connected with the first mounting plate 108a, the second mounting plate 108b is positioned at the output end of the third conveying belt 332, the second mounting plate 108b is provided with a rectangular output port 108c which is arranged opposite to the output end of the third conveying belt 332, the crushing mechanism 400 is fixedly arranged at the outer side of the second mounting plate 108b, and straws discharged by the third conveying belt 332 can pass through the output port 108c and be inserted into the crushing mechanism 400 for cutting and crushing treatment;

the crushing mechanism 400 comprises a rectangular plate-shaped upper guide frame 401 and a rectangular block-shaped lower guide frame 404 which are fixedly connected with the outer side of the second mounting plate 108b, a guide groove 402 which is perpendicular to the plane of the belt surface of the third conveyor belt 332 is arranged on the upper guide frame 401, a guillotine 403 which is in sliding guide fit with the guide groove 402 is arranged in the guide groove 402, the width of the guillotine 403 along the advancing direction of the advancing bracket 100 is equal to the width of the third conveyor belt 332, a rectangular sprinkling opening 405 which is communicated with the output opening 108c is arranged on the lower guide frame 404, the cross section of the sprinkling opening 405 is consistent with that of the output opening 108c, a horizontal guillotine 406 is formed at the bottom of the sprinkling opening 405, and when the guillotine 403 can slide downwards along the guide groove 402 and slides to the lowest end, the cutting edge of the guillotine 403 is in contact;

an inner sinking groove which penetrates downwards is formed in the middle of the chopping platform 406 along the opening direction of the throwing opening 405, a fan 407 is rotatably arranged in the inner sinking groove, and the fan 407 can receive the driving of the power driving device 500;

a power shaft 408 axially parallel to the conveying direction of the third conveying belt 332 is rotatably arranged between the second mounting plate 108b and the upper guide frame 401, the input end of the power shaft 408 is connected with the power driving device 500, a crank connecting rod component 409 for connecting the output end of the power shaft 408 and the middle position of the guillotine 402 is arranged between the output end of the power shaft 408 and the middle position of the guillotine 402, the output end of the power shaft 408 at one end of the crank connecting rod component 409 is fixedly connected with a shaft, the other end of the crank connecting rod component 409 is rotatably connected and matched with the middle position of the guillotine 403, and the crank connecting rod component 409;

in the working process of the crushing mechanism 400, the three conveyor belts 332 output the compacted straws and penetrate through the output port 108c to enter the throwing port 405, meanwhile, the crank connecting rod assembly 409 transmits the power on the power shaft 408 to the guillotine 403 and drives the guillotine 403 to slide up and down along the guide groove 402 in a reciprocating manner, the guillotine 403 is matched with the guillotine 406 to cut and cut the straws, the straws are cut into straw chips of 0.5cm to 1cm, and the fan 407 rotates and blows the straw chips out of the throwing port 405 to be scattered into the field.

Referring to fig. 1-28, an automatic harvesting and cutting pulverizer for returning straws to field comprises a traveling bracket 100 which falls to the ground, a harvesting mechanism 200 which is arranged on the traveling bracket 100, a conveying device 300, a pulverizing mechanism 400 and a power driving device 500, wherein the harvesting mechanism 200 is arranged at the front end of the traveling bracket 100 along the traveling direction of the traveling bracket 100 and is used for harvesting straws, the pulverizing mechanism 400 is arranged at one side of the rear end of the traveling bracket 100 along the traveling direction of the traveling bracket 100 and is used for cutting and pulverizing the straws into straw scraps with the length of 0.5cm to 1cm, the conveying device 300 is arranged at the middle position of the traveling bracket 100 and is positioned between the harvesting mechanism 200 and the pulverizing mechanism 300, the conveying device 300 is used for receiving the straws harvested by the harvesting mechanism 200 and sequentially extruding, bundling, stirring, pushing and compressing the straws into the pulverizing mechanism 400, and the power driving device 500 is arranged at the tail part of the rear end of the traveling bracket 100 and, The conveyor 300 and the crushing mechanism 400 provide driving power.

Specifically, the conveying device 300 comprises a first conveying mechanism 310, a second conveying mechanism 320 and a third conveying mechanism 330 which are connected in sequence, wherein the input end of the first conveying mechanism 310 is connected with the harvesting mechanism 200, the output end of the first conveying mechanism 310 is connected with the input end of the second conveying mechanism 320, the input end of the third conveying mechanism 330 is connected with the output end of the second conveying mechanism 320, the output end of the third conveying mechanism 330 is connected with the crushing mechanism 400, the straws harvested by the harvesting mechanism 200 sequentially pass through the first conveying mechanism 310, the second conveying mechanism 320 and the third conveying mechanism 330 to enter the crushing mechanism 400, the first conveying mechanism 310 is used for conveying and extruding the straws into bundles, the second conveying mechanism 320 is used for conveying and pushing the straws to be transverse, and the third conveying mechanism 330 is used for pressing and slowly conveying the bundles of the straws to the crushing mechanism 400.

More specifically, the traveling bracket 100 comprises a first mounting frame 101 located at the traveling front end of the traveling bracket and a second mounting frame 102 located at the rear end of the traveling bracket, the first mounting frame 101 and the second mounting frame 102 are fixedly connected and arranged in a ground-off manner, the second mounting frame 102 is fixedly provided with an upright post 103 arranged upwards along the tail part of the traveling direction of the second mounting frame 102, the upright post 103 is arranged in a backward tilting manner, the inclination angle of the upright post 103 is 75-85 degrees, two sides of the upright post 103 close to the top end of the upright post are fixedly provided with a cylindrical handle 104, the handle 104 is used for being held by both hands of a farmer, a control panel 105 is fixedly arranged on the top end surface of the upright post 103 and used for controlling the operation of the power driving device 500, wheels 106 which fall to the ground are rotatably arranged on two sides of the second mounting frame 102, the axial direction of the wheels 106 is perpendicular to the traveling, in an initial state, both the wheels 106 and the rollers 107 are arranged on the ground, in a working state, a farmer presses down the handle 104 to enable the rollers 107 to tilt upwards and to be supported by the wheels 106 to roll, the harvesting mechanism 200 is arranged at the front end of the upper end face of the first mounting frame 101, the crushing mechanism 400 is arranged on one side of the rear end of the upper end face of the second mounting frame 102, the conveying device 300 is arranged between the front end of the first mounting frame 101 and the rear end of the second mounting frame 102, and the power driving device 500 is arranged at the tail end of the rear end of the second mounting frame 102 and is located between the conveying device 300 and the upright post 103.

During the straw crushing and returning process, farmers hold the handle 104 and press down the handle and tilt the roller 107 upwards to push the handle 104 to roll the wheels 106 in the field, at the same time, the control panel 105 starts the power driving device 500, the power driving device 500 transmits power to the harvesting mechanism 200, the first conveying mechanism 310, the second conveying mechanism 320, the third conveying mechanism 330 and the crushing mechanism 400, and drives the harvesting mechanism 200, the first conveying mechanism 310, the second conveying mechanism 320, the third conveying mechanism 330 and the crushing mechanism 400 to normally operate, during the process of advancing the advancing bracket 100, the harvesting mechanism 200 automatically cuts and harvests straws standing in the field, the harvested straws enter the first conveying mechanism 310, the first conveying mechanism 310 extrudes and compresses the straws into bundles and outputs the straws to the second conveying mechanism 320, the bundles of straws are stirred and pushed down in the second conveying mechanism 320 and output to the third conveying mechanism 330, the third conveying mechanism 330 compresses and slowly outputs the straw into the crushing mechanism 400, the crushing mechanism 400 continuously cuts the straw along the length direction and forms straw scraps with the length size of 0.5cm to 1cm, and the straw scraps are thrown out of one side of the traveling bracket 100 and fall into the field.

Reap mechanism 200 including rotating the rotation axis 201 that sets up in first 101 front ends of mounting bracket, coaxial fixed cup connects in circular cockscomb structure cutting piece 202 on rotation axis 201, the front end of mounting bracket 101 sets up to the triangle-shaped shape and one of them corner of the triangle-shaped that this department formed arranges along its advancing direction, rotation axis 201 rotates and sets up in the edge department of this triangle-shaped along its advancing direction, cutting piece 202 is located the up end of mounting bracket 101, the drive of power drive arrangement 500 can be accepted to rotation axis 201, rotate through drive rotation axis 201, thereby drive the high-speed rotation of cutting piece 202, and then make cutting piece 202 carry out the automatic cutout to the straw of standing in the field and reap.

In order to receive straws harvested by the harvesting mechanism 200 and compress the straws into bundles, the first conveying mechanism 310 comprises a fixed frame 311 and a rectangular supporting plate 312, the fixed frame 311 is arranged on the first mounting frame 101, one end of the supporting plate 312 in the length direction extends to the joint of the first mounting frame 101 and the second mounting frame 102, the other end of the supporting plate 312 extends to the rotating shaft 201, the top end of the rotating shaft 201 is in rotating connection and matching with the supporting plate 312, the cutting blade 202 is positioned between the first mounting frame 101 and the supporting plate 312, the supporting plate 312 is fixedly connected with the first mounting frame 101, the fixed frame 311 is fixedly arranged on the upper end surface of the supporting plate 312, the fixed frame 311 is provided with two supporting plates and is arranged in bilateral symmetry along the advancing direction of the advancing bracket 100, a guide plate 313 which is arranged vertically is fixedly arranged at the front end of the fixed frame 311 along the advancing direction, a guide port 313a is formed between the two guide plates 313 and the guide port 313a gradually increases along the advancing direction of the advancing bracket 100, and the fixed frame 311 is provided with a conveying assembly which is used for conveying, extruding and compressing the straws at the gap between the two fixed frames 311.

Specifically, the fixing frame 311 is formed by fixedly connecting a rectangular bottom plate 311a, a rectangular vertical plate 311b, a rectangular top plate 311c and a clamping plate 311c which are arranged along the traveling direction of the traveling bracket 100 in the length direction, the lower end surface of the bottom plate 311a is fixedly connected with the upper end surface of the supporting plate 312, the bottom plate 311a and the top plate 311c are arranged in an up-down symmetrical manner and are arranged on a plane parallel to the horizontal plane, the plane on which the vertical plate 311b is arranged is parallel to the vertical plane, the upper end of the vertical plate 311b is fixedly connected with the outer side of the top plate 311c, the lower end of the vertical plate 311d is fixedly connected with the outer side of the bottom plate 311a, the plane on which the clamping plate 311d is arranged is parallel to the vertical plane, the lower end of the clamping plate 311d is fixedly connected with the inner side of the top.

More specifically, the conveying assembly comprises a driving roller I317 rotatably arranged between one end of the bottom plate 311a and one end of the top plate 311c along the length direction, a driven roller I318 rotatably arranged between the other end of the bottom plate 311a and the other end of the top plate 311c along the length direction, the driving roller I317 can be driven by the power driving device 500, the driving roller I317 and the driven roller I318 have the same diameter, the end parts of the driving roller I317 and the driven roller I318 are positioned and are in rotating connection and matching with the bottom plate 311a or the top plate 311c, the axial directions of the driving roller I317 and the driven roller II 318 are parallel to the front spacing direction of the bottom plate 311a and the top plate 311c, a conveying belt I319 forming a closed circulation loop is arranged between the driving roller I317 and the driven roller I318 in a winding manner, a vertically arranged rectangular thin-wall extrusion plate 319a is fixedly arranged on the conveying belt I319, and, The width direction of the extrusion plate 319a is always vertical to the belt surface of the first conveying belt 319, the upper end of the extrusion plate 319a in the length direction of the extrusion plate 319a is flush with the upper end of the first conveying belt 319, the lower end of the extrusion plate 319a is flush with the lower end of the first conveying belt 319, the extrusion plate 319a is provided with a plurality of extrusion grooves 319a which are arranged in an array at equal intervals in the running direction of the first conveying belt 319, the extrusion plates 319a between the two first conveying belts 319 are contacted and combined at the input end of the two first conveying belts 319 and are separated and opened at the output end of the two first conveying belts, the pair of extrusion plates 319a after contact and the adjacent pair of extrusion plates 319a after contact and combination form an extrusion groove 319b together, the lower end opening of the extrusion groove 319b is blocked by the supporting plate 312, the upper end opening of the extrusion groove 319b is over against the gap between the two clamping plates 311d, the extrusion plates 319a are, the press plate 319a is opened at the outlet end of the first conveyor belt 319 and serves to discharge the straw in the form of bales into the second conveyor 320, in which process the straw is always in a vertical position.

The conveying direction of the second conveying mechanism 320 is parallel to the advancing direction of the advancing bracket 100, the second conveying mechanism 320 comprises a driving roller second 321 and a driven roller second 322 which are rotatably arranged on the second mounting frame 102, the driving roller second 321 and the driven roller second 322 are arranged back and forth along the advancing direction of the advancing bracket 100, the diameters of the driving roller second 321 and the driven roller second 322 are equal, the end parts of the driving roller second 321 and the driven roller second 322 are rotatably connected and matched with one side of the second mounting frame 102, the driving roller second 321 can be driven by the power driving device 500, a second conveying belt 323 forming a closed circulation loop is arranged between the driving roller second 321 and the driven roller second 322 in a winding mode, the second conveying belt 323 extends from one side of the second mounting frame 102 to the other side, the input end of the second conveying belt is aligned with the output end of the first conveying belt 319, and the second conveying belt 323 is adjacent to the rear end of the supporting plate.

Specifically, in order to push the bundled straws discharged from the extrusion slot 319b onto the second conveyor belt 323, a first vertical bending plate 314 perpendicular to the first vertical plate 311b is fixedly arranged at the rear end of the vertical plate 311b on the left side in the advancing direction of the advancing bracket 100, a second vertical bending plate 315 perpendicular to the second vertical plate 311b is fixedly arranged at the rear end of the vertical plate 311b on the right side in the advancing direction of the advancing bracket 100, the first bending plate 314 and the second bending plate 315 are in the same bending direction and are arranged in parallel with each other at intervals, the second bending plate 315 is of a double-layer plate structure and comprises an inner side plate 315a close to the first bending plate 314 and an outer side plate 315b far away from the first bending plate 314, a pouring opening 316 is formed between the first bending plate 314 and the inner side plate 315a, the opening direction of the pouring opening 316 points to the left side in the advancing direction of the advancing bracket 100.

More specifically, in order to avoid the slipping of the straws, the first bending plate 314 is fixedly connected with the upper end face of the second mounting frame 102 and seals the input end of the second conveying belt 323, and the second bending plate 315 is located right above the second conveying belt 323 and a gap through which the straws pass is reserved between the first bending plate and the second bending plate.

More specifically, in order to enable the bundled straws to be tilted to the left in the pouring port 316, the second conveying mechanism 320 further comprises a driving shaft 324 rotatably disposed on the inner side plate 315a and the outer side plate 315b, the axial direction of the driving shaft 324 is parallel to the traveling direction of the traveling bracket 100, the axis of the driving shaft 324 coincides with the symmetric center lines of the left and right fixing frames 311, the driving shaft 324 is aligned with the middle position of the extrusion groove 319b along the height direction thereof, the driving end of the driving shaft 324 can be driven by the power driving device 500, the output end of the driving shaft 324 is coaxially and fixedly sleeved with a circular turntable 325, the turntable 325 is disposed in the pouring port 316 and is attached to the inner side plate 315a, and the edge position of the end face of the turntable 325 facing away from the inner side plate 315a is fixedly provided with a shift lever 326 axially parallel to, the straw bundle discharged from the pressing groove 319b is pushed down and poured onto the second conveyor belt 323 by the rotation of the driving lever 326 around the driving shaft 324.

During the operation of the first conveying mechanism 310 and the second conveying mechanism 320, the reaping mechanism 200 cuts off the reaped straws and enters the input end of the first conveying belt 319 along with the advancing of the advancing bracket 100, the first driving roller 317 and the first driven roller 318 rotate and drive the first conveying belt 319 to operate, the extrusion plate 319a takes in the straws and contacts and combines with the straws at the input end of the first conveying belt 319, the straws enter the extrusion groove 319b and complete extrusion and plasticity into bundles of the straws in the extrusion groove 319b, the extrusion groove 319b moves away from the advancing direction of the advancing bracket 100, the extrusion plate 319a is separated and opened at the output end of the first conveying belt 319, and the bundles of straws after plasticity in the extrusion groove 319b are discharged into the pouring opening 316, at the moment, the bundles of straws are still in a vertical standing state, the driving shaft 324 rotates and drives the rotating disc 325 to rotate, the deflector rod 325 rotates around the axial direction of the driving shaft 324 and pushes down the bundles of straws in the pouring opening 316, the straws are poured downwards towards the opening of the pouring opening 316 and poured onto the second conveying belt 323, the second driving roller 321 and the second driven roller 322 rotate and drive the second conveying belt 323 to rotate, the second conveying belt 323 conveys the straws at the pouring opening into the third conveying mechanism 330, and at the moment, the length direction of the straws is perpendicular to the advancing direction of the advancing bracket 100.

In order to compress and convey the dumped bundled straws towards the crushing mechanism 400, the conveying mechanism three 330 comprises a driven roller three 331 which is rotatably arranged on the mounting frame two 102, the driven roller three 331 is provided with two rollers and respectively positioned at one side of the mounting frame two 102, the axial direction of the driven roller three 331 is parallel to the advancing direction of the advancing bracket 100, a conveying belt three 332 forming a closed circulation loop is connected between the two driven rollers three 331 in a winding way, the input end of the conveying belt three 332 and the opening of the pouring opening 316 are positioned at the same side of the mounting frame two 102, the output end of the conveying belt three 332 and the opening of the pouring opening 316 are positioned at the opposite side of the mounting frame two 102, the conveying belt three 332 is positioned below the conveying belt two 323, the input end of the conveying belt three 332 is connected with the output end of the conveying belt two 323, an upward-arranged vertical mounting plate one 108a is fixedly arranged on the mounting frame two 102, and the mounting, the third conveying belt 332 is positioned right below a gap formed by the first mounting plate 108a and the outer side plate 315b, an inclined plate 333 which is obliquely arranged is fixedly arranged between the first mounting plate 108a and the outer side plate 315b, the inclined plate 333 is positioned above the third conveying belt 332, a pressing clamping opening which is gradually narrowed along the conveying direction of the third conveying belt 332 is formed between the inclined plate 333 and the third conveying belt 332, and the third conveying belt 332 conveys straws and presses the straws under the action of the pressing clamping opening.

Specifically, in order to drive the third conveyor belt 332 to operate, the third conveyor mechanism 330 further includes a guide post 334 fixedly disposed at a connection position between the right vertical plate 311b and the second bending plate 315, the guide post 334 is axially perpendicular to a plane where a belt surface of the third conveyor belt 332 is located, a retainer 335 capable of sliding up and down along the axial direction is sleeved on the guide post 334, the retainer 335 is located right above the third conveyor belt 332, a pressing roller 336 axially parallel to the axial direction of the third driven roller 331 is rotatably disposed on the retainer 335, the pressing roller 336 can be driven by the power driving device 500, the pressing roller 336 is located right above the third conveyor belt 332 and has a length equal to a width of the third conveyor belt 332, a pressing spring 337 is movably sleeved on the guide post 334, an elastic force of the pressing spring 337 constantly pushes the retainer 335 to slide down along the guide post 334, and the pressing roller 336 tightly abuts against an output end of the third conveyor belt 332 in, the pressing roller 336 is driven to rotate anticlockwise to drive the third conveying belt 332 to operate, meanwhile, straws are inserted between the pressing roller 336 and the third conveying belt 332 along with the operation of the third conveying belt 332, the straws are further pressed under the matching of the pressing roller 336 and the third conveying belt 332, the pressing roller 336 transmits friction force to the straws, and the straws transmit the friction force to the third conveying belt 332 and can meet the operation driving of the third conveying belt 332.

During the operation of the third conveying mechanism 330, the second conveying belt 323 conveys the straws to the input end of the third conveying belt 332, the pressing roller 336 rotates anticlockwise and drives the third conveying belt 332 to operate, the straws are conveyed from one side of the second mounting frame 102 to the other side on the third conveying belt 332, the length direction of the straws also points to the other side from one side of the second mounting frame 102, the straws are subjected to first pressing treatment through the pressing interface during the conveying process, the straws are pressed between the pressing roller 336 and the third conveying belt 332 when conveyed to the output end of the third conveying belt 332, the pressing roller 336 tightly presses the straws on the third conveying belt 332 under the elastic force of the pressing spring 337, and then the straws are discharged from the output end of the third conveying belt 332 into the crushing mechanism 400 for crushing treatment, which is characterized in that the straws can be pressed and then enter the crushing mechanism 400, is beneficial to the cutting and crushing of the straw by the crushing mechanism 400.

In order to facilitate the installation of the crushing mechanism 400 and enable the crushing mechanism 400 to be connected with the output end of the third conveying belt 332 in an aligned manner, a second mounting plate 108b which is vertically arranged is fixedly arranged on the second mounting frame 102, the second mounting plate 108b is vertically and fixedly connected with the first mounting plate 108a, the second mounting plate 108b is positioned at the output end of the third conveying belt 332, a rectangular output port 108c which is arranged opposite to the output end of the third conveying belt 332 is formed in the second mounting plate 108b, the crushing mechanism 400 is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the second mounting plate 108b, and straws discharged from the third conveying belt 332 can pass through the output port 108c and be inserted into the.

Specifically, the crushing mechanism 400 comprises a rectangular plate-shaped upper guide frame 401 and a rectangular block-shaped lower guide frame 404 fixedly connected with the outer side of the second mounting plate 108b, a guide groove 402 perpendicular to the plane of the third conveyor belt 332 is arranged on the upper guide frame 401, a chopper 403 matched with the guide groove 402 in a sliding and guiding mode is arranged in the guide groove 402, the width of the chopper 403 along the advancing direction of the advancing bracket 100 is equal to the width of the third conveyor belt 332, a rectangular throwing port 405 communicated with the output port 108c is arranged on the lower guide frame 404, the cross section of the throwing port 405 is consistent with that of the output port 108c, a horizontal chopping table 406 is formed at the bottom of the throwing port 405, when the chopper 403 can slide downwards along the guide groove 402 and slide to the lowest end, the cutting edge of the chopper 403 is in contact with the chopping table 406, when the third conveyor belt 332 outputs compacted straws and penetrates through the output port 108c to enter the throwing port 405, the guillotine 403 slides up and down along the guide groove 402 in a reciprocating manner, the guillotine 403 is matched with the guillotine table 406 to cut and cut the straws, and the straws are cut into straw scraps of 0.5cm to 1cm and are thrown out from the throwing port 405 to fall into the field.

Specifically, in order to facilitate throwing of straw scraps, an inner sinking groove which penetrates downwards is formed in the middle of the chopping board 406 along the opening direction of the throwing opening 405, a fan 407 is rotationally arranged in the inner sinking groove, the fan 407 can receive the driving of the power driving device 500, and the straw scraps can be blown out of the throwing opening 405 through the rotation of the fan 407, so that the straw scraps are thrown.

More specifically, in order to drive the guillotine 403 to slide up and down, a power shaft 408 axially parallel to the conveying direction of the conveying belt three 332 is rotatably arranged between the mounting plate two 108b and the upper guide frame 401, an input end of the power shaft 408 is connected with the power driving device 500, a crank connecting rod assembly 409 for connecting the power shaft 408 and the guillotine 402 is arranged between an output end of the power shaft 408 and the middle position of the guillotine 402, an output end of the power shaft 408 is fixedly connected with a shaft, the other end of the power shaft 408 is rotatably connected and matched with the middle position of the guillotine 403, the crank connecting rod assembly 409 is used for transmitting power on the power shaft 408 to the guillotine 403 and driving the guillotine 403 to slide up and down along the guide groove 402 in a reciprocating manner, and the guillotine.

In order to transmit power to the harvesting mechanism 200, the first conveying mechanism 310, the second conveying mechanism 320, the third conveying mechanism 330 and the cutting mechanism 400 and drive the same to normally operate, the power driving device 500 comprises an engine 510, a first transmission mechanism 520, a second transmission mechanism 530 and a third transmission mechanism 540, wherein the first transmission mechanism 520 is used for transmitting power on the engine 510 to the first conveying mechanism 310, the second conveying mechanism 320, the harvesting mechanism 200 and the power shaft 408, the second transmission mechanism 530 is used for transmitting power on the engine 510 to the driving shaft 324, the third transmission mechanism 540 is used for transmitting power on the engine 510 to the third conveying mechanism 330 and the fan 407, the engine 510 is fixedly arranged on the second mounting frame 102 and is positioned between the first mounting plate 108a and the upright post 103, a signal connection is established between the generator 510 and the control panel 105, and the control panel 105 can control and start the generator 510 and control and regulate the rotating speed of the generator 510.

The first transmission mechanism 520 comprises a first transmission shaft 521 rotatably arranged at the tops of the first mounting plate 108a and the right-side fixing frame 311, a second transmission shaft 522 rotatably arranged on the second mounting plate 108b, a third transmission shaft 523 rotatably arranged at the bottom of the first mounting frame 101, a fourth transmission shaft 524 rotatably arranged at the bottom of the first mounting frame 101, and a fifth transmission shaft 525 rotatably arranged at the bottom of the first mounting frame 101, wherein the axial direction of the first transmission shaft 521 is parallel to the advancing direction of the advancing bracket 100 and is positioned right above the driving end of one of the first driving rollers 317, the axial direction of the second transmission shaft 522 is parallel to the axial direction of the power shaft 408, the second transmission shaft 522 is positioned right above the power shaft 408 and has the same height as the first transmission shaft 521, the axial direction of the third transmission shaft 523 is parallel to the spacing direction of the two first driving rollers 317 and the third transmission shaft 523 is positioned at the lower ends of the two first, a fourth transmission shaft 524 is located above a middle position of the third transmission shaft 523 in the axial direction thereof, and a fifth transmission shaft 525 is located between the fourth transmission shaft 524 and the rotating shaft 201.

Specifically, the axial direction of the output shaft of the engine 510 is parallel to the axial direction of the first transmission shaft 521, a first belt transmission assembly 521a for connecting the first transmission shaft 521 and the output shaft of the generator 510 is arranged between the driving end of the first transmission shaft 521 and the output shaft of the generator 510, the first belt transmission assembly 521a can transmit the power on the output shaft of the generator 510 to the first transmission shaft 521 and drive the first transmission shaft 521 to rotate, a first gear transmission assembly 521b for connecting the first transmission shaft 521 and the second transmission shaft 522 is arranged between the middle position of the first transmission shaft 521 along the axial direction and the driving end of the second transmission shaft 522, the first gear transmission assembly 521b is a bevel gear transmission assembly, the first gear transmission assembly 521b can transmit the power on the first transmission shaft 521 to the second transmission shaft 522 and drive the second transmission shaft 522 to rotate, a second belt transmission assembly 522a for connecting, the belt transmission assembly two 522a can transmit the power on the transmission shaft two 522 to the power shaft 408 and drive the power shaft 408 to rotate, a gear transmission assembly two 521c for connecting the transmission shaft two 521c and the gear transmission assembly two 521c are bevel gear transmission assemblies are arranged between the output end of the transmission shaft one 521 and the driving end of one of the driving rollers one 317, the gear transmission assembly two 521c can transmit the power on the transmission shaft one 521 to the driving rollers one 317 and drive the driving rollers one 317 to rotate, a gear transmission assembly three 523a for connecting the transmission shaft three 523a and the driving rollers three 523a are bevel gear transmission assemblies are arranged between the transmission shaft three 523 and the lower ends of the driving rollers 317, the gear transmission assembly three 523a can transmit the power on the driving rollers one connected with the transmission shaft one 521 to the other driving roller 317 and drive the other driving roller 317 to rotate reversely, and a gear for connecting the transmission shaft three 523a drive end of the transmission shaft three 523 and the driving end of the driving roller two 321 is The transmission component four 523b and the gear transmission component four 523b are straight gear transmission components, the gear transmission component four 523b can transmit the power on the transmission shaft three 523 to the driving roller two 321 and drive the driving roller one 321 to rotate, and the transmission of the transmission shaft one 521, the transmission shaft two 522 and the transmission shaft three 523 realizes the driving of the conveying mechanism one 310, the conveying mechanism two 320 and the power shaft 408, so that the normal operation of the conveying belt one 319, the normal operation of the conveying belt two 323 and the up-and-down reciprocating motion of the guillotine 403 are realized.

More specifically, a gear transmission assembly five 523c for connecting the three transmission shafts and the four 524 driving end of the transmission shaft is arranged between the middle position of the three 523 transmission shaft along the axial direction and the four 524 driving end of the transmission shaft, the gear transmission assembly five 523c is a bevel gear transmission assembly, the five 523 transmission assembly can transmit the power on the three 523 transmission shaft to the four 524 transmission shaft and drive the four 524 transmission shaft to rotate, a belt transmission assembly three 524a for connecting the three transmission shaft and the four 524 transmission shaft is arranged between the output end of the four 524 transmission shaft and the driving end of the five 525 transmission shaft, the three 524a can transmit the power on the four 524 transmission shaft to the five 525 transmission shaft and drive the five 525 transmission shaft to rotate, a belt transmission assembly five 525a for connecting the five 525 transmission shaft and the rotating shaft 201 is arranged between the output end of the five 525 transmission shaft and the rotating shaft 201, and the belt transmission assembly five 525 transmission can transmit, the driving of the rotating shaft 201 is realized through the transmission of the transmission shaft IV 524 and the transmission shaft V525, so that the normal operation of the cutting blade 202 is realized.

The second transmission mechanism 530 is a belt transmission assembly, one end of the second transmission mechanism is connected with the first transmission shaft 521, the other end of the second transmission mechanism is connected with the driving shaft 324, the second transmission mechanism 530 can transmit the power on the first transmission shaft 521 to the driving shaft 324 and drive the driving shaft 342 to rotate, and the driving of the driving shaft 324 is realized through the transmission of the first transmission shaft 521, so that the poking rod 326 can rotate around the driving shaft 324 in the axial direction to push down the straws.

The third transmission mechanism 540 comprises a transmission shaft six 541 rotationally arranged on the outer side plate 315b, the axial direction of the transmission shaft six 541 is parallel to the axial direction of the transmission shaft one 521 and is positioned right below the transmission shaft one 521, a gear transmission assembly six 542 for connecting the transmission shaft six 541 and the transmission shaft one 521 is arranged between the driving end of the transmission shaft six 541 and the transmission shaft one 521, the gear transmission assembly six 542 is a straight gear transmission assembly, the gear transmission assembly six 542 can transmit the power on the transmission shaft one 521 to the transmission shaft six 541 and drive the transmission shaft six 541 to rotate, a belt transmission assembly five 543 for connecting the transmission shaft six 541 and the pressing roller 336 is arranged between the output end of the transmission shaft six 541 and the driving end of the pressing roller 336, the belt transmission assembly six 543 can transmit the power on the transmission shaft six 541 to the pressing roller 336 and drive the pressing roller 336 to rotate, and a belt transmission assembly six 544 for connecting the pressing roller 336 and, the belt transmission assembly six 544 can transmit the power on the pressing roller 336 to the fan 407 and drive the fan 407 to rotate, and the driving of the pressing roller 336 and the fan 407 is realized through the transmission of the transmission shaft one 521 and the transmission shaft six 541, so that the normal operation of the conveyor belt three 332 and the fan 407 is realized.

Claims

1. The straw returning method based on mechanized operation comprises the following steps:

starting a traveling stage;

the harvesting mechanism is arranged at the front end of the travelling bracket along the travelling direction of the travelling bracket and is used for harvesting straws, the smashing mechanism is arranged on one side of the rear end of the travelling bracket along the travelling direction of the travelling bracket and is used for cutting and smashing the straws to form straw scraps with the length of 0.5cm to 1cm, the first conveying mechanism, the second conveying mechanism and the third conveying mechanism jointly form a conveying device, the conveying device is arranged in the middle of the travelling bracket and is positioned between the harvesting mechanism and the smashing mechanism, the conveying device is used for receiving the straws harvested by the harvesting mechanism and sequentially extruding, bundling, stirring, pushing and conveying the straws to the smashing mechanism in a pressing mode, and the power driving device is arranged at the tail part of the rear end of the travelling bracket;

the input end of the first conveying mechanism is connected with the harvesting mechanism, the output end of the first conveying mechanism is connected with the input end of the second conveying mechanism, the input end of the third conveying mechanism is connected with the output end of the second conveying mechanism, the output end of the third conveying mechanism is connected with the crushing mechanism, the straws harvested by the harvesting mechanism sequentially pass through the first conveying mechanism, the second conveying mechanism and the third conveying mechanism to enter the crushing mechanism, the first conveying mechanism is used for conveying and extruding the straws into bundles, the second conveying mechanism is used for conveying, stirring and pushing the straws to be transverse, and the third conveying mechanism is used for compressing and slowly conveying the bundled straws into the crushing mechanism;

(II) harvesting and conveying;

the first conveying mechanism comprises a fixing frame and a rectangular supporting plate, the fixing frame is arranged on the first mounting frame, one end of the supporting plate in the length direction extends to the joint of the first mounting frame and the second mounting frame, the other end of the supporting plate extends to the position of a rotating shaft, the top end of the rotating shaft is matched with the supporting plate in a rotating connection mode, a cutting piece is located between the first mounting frame and the supporting plate, the supporting plate is fixedly connected with the first mounting frame, the fixing frame is fixedly arranged on the upper end face of the supporting plate, the two fixing frames are arranged in a bilateral symmetry mode along the advancing direction of the advancing bracket, guide plates are vertically arranged and fixedly arranged at the front end of the advancing direction of the fixing frame, the lower ends of the guide plates are fixedly connected with the supporting plate and located on one side of the cutting piece, a guide port is formed between the two guide plates, the guide port is gradually increased along the advancing, Extruding and compressing;

the device comprises a rectangular bottom plate, rectangular vertical plates, a rectangular top plate and a clamping plate which are fixedly connected, wherein the lower end face of the bottom plate is fixedly connected with the upper end face of a supporting plate, the bottom plate and the top plate are arranged in an up-down symmetrical mode, the planes of the bottom plate and the top plate are arranged in parallel to a horizontal plane, the planes of the vertical plates are parallel to a vertical plane, the upper ends of the vertical plates are fixedly connected with the outer side of the top plate, the lower ends of the vertical plates are fixedly connected with the outer side of the bottom plate, the planes of the clamping plate are parallel to the vertical plane, the lower ends of the clamping plate and the inner side of the;

the conveying assembly comprises a first driving roller rotatably arranged between one end of the bottom plate and one end of the top plate along the length direction, a first driven roller rotatably arranged between the other end of the bottom plate and the other end of the top plate along the length direction, the first driving roller and the first driven roller can be driven by the power driving device, the diameters of the first driving roller and the first driven roller are equal, the end parts of the first driving roller and the first driven roller are rotatably connected and matched with the bottom plate or the top plate, the axial direction of the first driving roller and the axial direction of the second driven roller are parallel to the distance direction between the bottom plate and the top plate, a first conveying belt forming a closed circulation loop is wound between the first driving roller and the first driven roller, a vertically arranged rectangular thin-wall extrusion plate is fixedly arranged on the first conveying belt, the length direction of the extrusion plate is parallel to the axial direction of the first driving roller, the width direction of the extrusion, The lower end of the first conveying belt is flush with the lower end of the first conveying belt, the extrusion plates are provided with a plurality of extrusion grooves which are arranged at equal intervals along the running direction of the first conveying belt, the extrusion plates between the first conveying belts are contacted and combined at the input ends of the first conveying belts and are separated and opened at the output ends of the first conveying belts, the pair of extrusion plates after contact and combination and the adjacent pair of extrusion plates after contact and combination jointly form an extrusion groove, the lower end opening of the extrusion groove is blocked by a supporting plate, the upper end opening of the extrusion groove is over against the gap between the two clamping plates, and the extrusion plates are contacted and combined at the input ends of the first conveying belts and are used for;

the conveying direction of the second conveying mechanism is parallel to the advancing direction of the advancing bracket, the second conveying mechanism comprises a second driving roller and a second driven roller which are rotatably arranged on the second mounting frame, the second driving roller and the second driven roller are arranged back and forth along the advancing direction of the advancing bracket, the diameters of the second driving roller and the second driven roller are equal, the end parts of the second driving roller and the second driven roller are rotatably connected and matched with one side of the second mounting frame, the second driving roller can be driven by a power driving device, a second conveying belt forming a closed circulation loop is arranged between the second driving roller and the second driven roller in a winding manner, the second conveying belt extends from one side of the second mounting frame to the other side, the input end of the second conveying belt is aligned with the output end of the first conveying belt, and the second conveying belt is closely adjacent to the rear end;

a vertical bending plate I vertical to the vertical plate I is fixedly arranged at the rear end of the vertical plate at the left side along the advancing direction of the advancing bracket, a vertical bending plate II vertical to the vertical plate I is fixedly arranged at the rear end of the vertical plate at the right side along the advancing direction of the advancing bracket, the bending directions of the bending plate I and the bending plate II are consistent and are mutually parallel to each other and arranged at intervals, the bending plate II is of a double-layer plate structure and comprises an inner side plate close to the bending plate I and an outer side plate far away from the bending plate I, a pouring opening is formed between the bending plate I and the inner side plate, the opening direction of the pouring opening points to the left side along the advancing direction of the advancing, the first bending plate is fixedly connected with the upper end face of the second mounting frame and seals the input end of the second conveying belt, the second bending plate is positioned right above the second conveying belt, and a gap through which the straws pass is reserved between the second bending plate and the second conveying belt;

the conveying mechanism II further comprises a driving shaft which is rotatably arranged on the inner side plate and the outer side plate, the axial direction of the driving shaft is parallel to the advancing direction of the advancing bracket, the axis of the driving shaft is overlapped with the symmetrical center lines of the left fixing frame and the right fixing frame, the driving shaft is aligned with the middle position of the extrusion groove along the height direction of the extrusion groove, the driving end of the driving shaft can be driven by the power driving device, a circular turntable is coaxially and fixedly sleeved at the output end of the driving shaft, the turntable is positioned in the dumping port and is attached to the inner side plate, and a shifting rod which is axially parallel to the axial direction of the turntable is fixedly;

the conveying mechanism III comprises a driven roller III which is rotatably arranged on the mounting frame II, the driven roller III is provided with two driven rollers and is respectively positioned on one side of the mounting frame II, the axial direction of the driven roller III is parallel to the advancing direction of the advancing bracket, a conveying belt III which forms a closed circulation loop is arranged between the two driven rollers III in a winding manner, the input end of the conveying belt III and the opening of the pouring opening are positioned on the same side of the mounting frame II, the output end of the conveying belt III and the opening of the pouring opening are positioned on the opposite side of the mounting frame II, the conveying belt III is positioned below the conveying belt II, the input end of the conveying belt III is connected with the output end of the conveying belt II, a vertical mounting plate I which is upwards arranged is fixedly arranged on the mounting frame II, the mounting plate I and the outer side plate are mutually parallel and arranged at intervals, the conveying belt III is positioned, the inclined plate is positioned above the third conveying belt, and a pressing clamping opening which is gradually narrowed along the conveying direction of the third conveying belt is formed between the inclined plate and the third conveying belt;

the conveying mechanism III further comprises a guide pillar fixedly arranged at the joint of the right vertical plate and the second bending plate, the axial direction of the guide pillar is perpendicular to the plane of the belt surface of the third conveying belt, a retainer capable of sliding up and down along the axial direction of the guide pillar is sleeved on the guide pillar, the retainer is positioned right above the third conveying belt, a pressing roller axially parallel to the three axial directions of the driven roller is rotatably arranged on the retainer, the pressing roller can be driven by a power driving device and is positioned right above the third conveying belt, the length of the pressing roller is equal to the width of the third conveying belt, a pressing spring is movably sleeved on the guide pillar, the elastic force of the pressing spring always pushes the retainer to slide downwards along the guide pillar, and the pressing roller is tightly abutted to the output end of the;

(III) crushing and throwing;

the second mounting frame is fixedly provided with a second mounting plate which is vertically arranged, the second mounting plate is vertically and fixedly connected with the first mounting plate, the second mounting plate is positioned at the output end of the third conveying belt, a rectangular output port which is arranged opposite to the output end of the third conveying belt is formed in the second mounting plate, the crushing mechanism is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the second mounting plate, and straws discharged by the third conveying belt can pass through the output port and be inserted into the crushing mechanism for cutting and crushing treatment;

the crushing mechanism comprises a rectangular plate-shaped upper guide frame and a rectangular block-shaped lower guide frame which are fixedly connected with the outer side of the mounting plate, a guide groove perpendicular to the plane of the three belt surfaces of the conveying belt is arranged on the upper guide frame, a chopper which is matched with the guide groove in a sliding guide mode is arranged in the guide groove, the width of the chopper along the advancing direction of the advancing bracket is equal to the width of the conveying belt III, a rectangular throwing port which is communicated with the output port is formed in the lower guide frame, the cross section of the throwing port is consistent with that of the output port, a horizontal chopper table is formed at the bottom of the throwing port, and when the chopper can slide downwards along the guide groove and slides to the lowest end, the cutting edge of the chopper is in contact with the chopper table;

an inner sinking groove which penetrates downwards is formed in the middle of the chopping table along the opening direction of the throwing opening, a fan is rotatably arranged in the inner sinking groove, and the fan can be driven by a power driving device;

a power shaft which is axially parallel to the conveying direction of the conveying belt is rotatably arranged between the mounting plate II and the upper guide frame, the input end of the power shaft is connected with the power driving device, a crank connecting rod assembly for connecting the output end of the power shaft and the middle position of the guillotine is arranged between the output end of the power shaft and the middle position of the guillotine, the output end of the power shaft at one end of the crank connecting rod assembly is fixedly connected with a shaft, the other end of the crank connecting rod assembly is rotatably connected and matched with the middle position of the guillotine, and the crank connecting rod assembly;

2. The straw field returning method based on mechanized operation of claim 1, wherein the traveling bracket comprises a first mounting frame at the traveling front end of the traveling bracket and a second mounting frame at the rear end of the traveling bracket, the first mounting frame is fixedly connected with the second mounting frame and is arranged off the ground, an upright post which is arranged upwards is fixedly arranged at the tail part of the second mounting frame along the traveling direction of the second mounting frame, the upright post is arranged in a backward inclined manner, the inclination angle of the upright post is 75-85 degrees, cylindrical handles are fixedly arranged on two sides of the upright post close to the top end of the upright post and are used for being held by both hands of farmers, a control panel is fixedly arranged on the end surface of the top end of the upright post and is used for controlling the operation of the power driving device, wheels which fall to the ground are rotatably arranged on two sides of the second mounting frame, the axial direction of the wheels is perpendicular to the traveling, the wheels and the idler wheels are arranged on the ground in an initial state, a farmer presses down the handle to enable the idler wheels to tilt upwards and to be supported by the wheels to roll to advance in a working state, the harvesting mechanism is arranged at the front end of the upper end face of the first mounting frame, the crushing mechanism is arranged on one side of the rear end of the upper end face of the second mounting frame, the conveying device is arranged between the front end of the first mounting frame and the rear end of the second mounting frame, and the power driving device is arranged on the tail end of the rear end of the second mounting frame and is located between the conveying device and the upright post.

3. The straw field returning method based on mechanized operation of claim 1 or 2, wherein the power driving device comprises an engine, a first transmission mechanism, a second transmission mechanism and a third transmission mechanism, the first transmission mechanism is used for transmitting power on the engine to the first transmission mechanism, the second transmission mechanism, the harvesting mechanism and a power shaft, the second transmission mechanism is used for transmitting power on the engine to a driving shaft, the third transmission mechanism is used for transmitting power on the engine to the third transmission mechanism and a fan, the engine is fixedly arranged on the second mounting frame and located between the first mounting plate and the upright post, a signal connection is established between the generator and the control panel, and the generator can be controlled by the control panel to start the generator and control and adjust the rotating speed of the generator.

4. The straw field returning method based on mechanized operation of claim 3, wherein the first transmission mechanism comprises a first transmission shaft rotatably disposed on the top of the first mounting plate and the right fixing frame, a second transmission shaft rotatably disposed on the second mounting plate, a third transmission shaft rotatably disposed on the bottom of the first mounting frame, a fourth transmission shaft rotatably disposed on the bottom of the first mounting frame, and a fifth transmission shaft rotatably disposed on the bottom of the first mounting frame, the first transmission shaft has an axial direction parallel to the traveling direction of the traveling bracket and directly above the driving end of one of the first driving rollers, the second transmission shaft has an axial direction parallel to the axial direction of the power shaft, the second transmission shaft is directly above the power shaft and has the same height as the first transmission shaft, the third transmission shaft has an axial direction parallel to the spacing direction of the first driving rollers and the third transmission shaft is located at the lower ends of the first driving rollers, and the fourth transmission shaft and the fifth transmission, the fourth transmission shaft is positioned above the middle position of the third transmission shaft along the axial direction, and the fifth transmission shaft is positioned between the fourth transmission shaft and the rotating shaft.

5. The straw field-returning method based on mechanized operation of claim 4, wherein the axial direction of the output shaft of the engine is parallel to the axial direction of the first transmission shaft, a first belt transmission assembly for connecting the first transmission shaft and the output shaft of the generator is arranged between the driving end of the first transmission shaft and the output shaft of the generator, the first belt transmission assembly can transmit the power of the output shaft of the generator to the first transmission shaft and drive the first transmission shaft to rotate, a first gear transmission assembly for connecting the first transmission shaft and the second transmission shaft is arranged between the middle position of the first transmission shaft along the axial direction and the driving end of the second transmission shaft, the first gear transmission assembly is a bevel gear transmission assembly, the first gear transmission assembly can transmit the power of the first transmission shaft to the second transmission shaft and drive the second transmission shaft to rotate, a second belt transmission assembly for connecting the second transmission shaft and the driving shaft to rotate is arranged between the output end of the second transmission shaft and the driving, a second gear transmission component used for connecting the output end of the first transmission shaft and the driving end of one of the driving rollers is arranged between the output end of the first transmission shaft and the driving end of the first driving roller, the second gear transmission component is a bevel gear transmission component, the second gear transmission component can transmit the power on the first transmission shaft to the first driving roller and drive the first driving roller to rotate, a third gear transmission component used for connecting the third transmission shaft and the driving roller is arranged between the third transmission shaft and the lower end of the driving roller, the third gear transmission component is a bevel gear transmission component, the third gear transmission component can transmit the power on the first driving roller connected with the first transmission shaft to the other driving roller and drive the other driving roller to reversely, and a fourth gear transmission assembly connected with the output end of the third transmission shaft and the driving end of the second driving roller is arranged between the output end of the third transmission shaft and the driving end of the second driving roller and is a straight gear transmission assembly, and the fourth gear transmission assembly can transmit power on the third transmission shaft to the second driving roller and drive the first driving roller to rotate.

6. The straw field-returning method based on mechanized operation of claim 4, wherein a fifth gear transmission assembly for connecting the fifth gear transmission assembly and the fourth drive end of the transmission shaft is arranged between the middle position of the third transmission shaft along the axial direction and the fourth drive end of the transmission shaft, the fifth gear transmission assembly is a bevel gear transmission assembly, the fifth gear transmission assembly can transmit power of the third transmission shaft to the fourth transmission shaft and drive the fourth transmission shaft to rotate, a third belt transmission assembly for connecting the third gear transmission assembly and the fifth transmission shaft is arranged between the output end of the fourth transmission shaft and the drive end of the fifth transmission shaft, the third belt transmission assembly can transmit power of the fourth transmission shaft to the fifth transmission shaft and drive the fifth transmission shaft to rotate, a fifth belt transmission assembly for connecting the fifth transmission shaft and the fifth transmission shaft is arranged between the output end of the fifth transmission shaft and the rotating shaft, and the fifth belt transmission assembly.

7. The straw field returning method based on mechanized operation of claim 3, wherein the second transmission mechanism is a belt transmission assembly and has one end connected to the first transmission shaft and the other end connected to the driving shaft, and the second transmission mechanism can transmit the power of the first transmission shaft to the driving shaft and drive the driving shaft to rotate.

8. The straw field-returning method based on mechanized operation of claim 3, wherein the third transmission mechanism comprises a sixth transmission shaft rotatably disposed on the outer side plate, the sixth transmission shaft is parallel to the first transmission shaft and is located right below the first transmission shaft, a sixth gear assembly for connecting the sixth transmission shaft and the first transmission shaft is disposed between the driving end of the sixth transmission shaft and the first transmission shaft, the sixth gear assembly is a straight gear assembly, the sixth gear assembly can transmit the power of the first transmission shaft to the sixth transmission shaft and drive the sixth transmission shaft to rotate, a fifth belt transmission assembly for connecting the fifth transmission shaft and the pressing roller is disposed between the output end of the sixth transmission shaft and the driving end of the pressing roller, the fifth belt transmission assembly can transmit the power of the sixth transmission shaft to the pressing roller and drive the pressing roller to rotate, and a sixth belt transmission assembly for connecting the sixth transmission shaft and the pressing roller is disposed between the driving end of the pressing roller and the driving, the belt transmission assembly six can transmit the power on the pressing roller to the fan and drive the fan to rotate.