CN108419513B - Ramie fiber feeding double-harvesting combine harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

A ramie fiber feeding and harvesting combined harvester is an agricultural machine and comprises a double-acting vertical header, a hemp stalk middle conveying device, a tip hemp leaf middle conveying device, an operation and control system, an engine and power transmission system, a hemp leaf chopper, a fiber processing machine and a traveling system. The chassis is formed by reforming the chassis of a semi-feeding type rice and wheat combine harvester and consists of a control system, a power and transmission system and a walking system; the cutting table is arranged right ahead, is a double-acting vertical cutting table and is used for respectively cutting hemp stalks and hemp leaves; the fiber processing machine is a chain belt clamping machine which is firstly folded and then directly pulled reversely to remove hemp; the chopper is a double-shaft disc chaff cutter. The two sets of harvesting, conveying and processing mechanisms form a fiber and feed combined harvesting system, simultaneously complete the harvesting of ramie fibers and feed, and complete the returning of the ramie bones and the ramie scraps to the field. Greatly improves the ramie harvesting production efficiency, the comprehensive utilization rate of ramie and the economic benefit of ramie farmers, and reduces the environmental pollution.

Description

Ramie fiber feeding double-harvesting combine harvester

Technical Field

The invention belongs to agricultural machinery, and relates to combined harvesting equipment for harvesting hemp stalk fibers and hemp tip (hemp leaves) feed at one time.

Background

Ramie is a traditional characteristic economic crop in China, the ramie fiber is called as the king of natural fiber, and the hemp leaves are rich and comprehensive in nutrition. Timely harvesting of ramie is required, fibers are not fully developed when harvesting is too early, the yield of thin ramie barks is low, and the physical and mechanical properties of the fibers are poor, so that the yield of harvested ramie is low, and the quality of the fibers is poor; if harvesting is too late, the fibers are aged and attached to the ramie ribs and are not easy to separate, so that the strength of the fibers is reduced, the ramie yield is reduced, and the yield and the economic income of the ramie are influenced.

Ramie is typically harvested three times a year. The ramie fiber collecting operation in the traditional manual harvesting mode accounts for more than three fifths of the labor amount in the whole production process, the labor and time are wasted, the labor intensity is high, the technical requirement is high, and the ramie leaves are abandoned. The mechanical harvesting equipment is a key link of ramie raw material and feed production and is one of important factors influencing the development of the ramie production to large-scale industrialization. Therefore, to promote the efficient development of ramie production, the research and innovation of the harvesting technology and the harvesting machine are very important.

In order to solve the problems of low efficiency and high labor intensity of manual harvesting, various fiber stripping machines and feed processing machines have been developed at home and abroad. In recent years, fiber and feeding ramie harvesters are also available, but the technology is not mature. The practical application of the combined harvester integrating ramie harvesting and decorticating in production is not seen, and the combined harvester for simultaneously harvesting hemp stalk fibers and hemp tip (hemp leaf) feed is also not seen.

Compared with the ramie combine harvester of ZL200810046933.9 in the prior art, the ramie combine harvester can only finish stalk cutting and fiber stripping processing at one time, and the bidirectional automatic ramie stripper in the core technology has the defects that a ramie blocking pin is easy to block and entangle the ramie, a fiber carding mechanism has the phenomenon of damaging the ramie, vertical clamping fibers are difficult to disassemble and collect, and the like, so the harvesting technology is not mature.

The ramie combine harvester of ZL201310517788.9 in the prior art, which is closer to the ramie combine harvester, can only finish stalk cutting and fiber stripping, and has important defects in the design, namely, two working units of the whole machine for harvesting and stripping are arranged in parallel, so that the width of the whole machine is too large, the transfer and field operation are difficult, and the ramie combine harvester is not suitable for agricultural production conditions of narrow roads in ramie areas and small fields. The expression of the beneficial effect of the machine indicates that the machine only primarily separates the fiber and needs to perform subsequent mechanical separation processing. Thirdly, the machine finishes cutting and collecting operations by a cutting device and a finished product integrated box, the hemp stalks clamped by the clamping device and at the rear part of the hemp stalks are not processed and are cut by the cutting device, the loss is too large, and the processing and utilization are not good.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects and discloses a ramie combine harvester for fiber and feed double harvest.

The technical scheme of the invention is that the whole machine comprises a vertical double-acting combined cutting table, a hemp stalk middle conveying device, a hemp tip (leaf) middle conveying device, an operation system, an engine and power transmission system, a hemp leaf cutting machine, a fiber processing machine, a traveling system, a fiber bin and a feed bin, and is characterized in that: the vertical cutting platform is hung right ahead through a profiling connector in a floating mode, a hemp stalk middle conveying device is arranged at the lower portion of the right side, a hemp leaf middle conveying device is arranged at the upper portion of the right side, a fiber processing machine is arranged at the rear portion of the right middle, a hemp leaf chopping machine is arranged at the upper rear portion of the right side, a hemp stalk (reciprocating) cutting device, a lateral conveyor, a hemp stalk middle conveying device, a fiber processing and fiber bin form a ramie fiber combined harvesting system, a lateral conveyor, a hemp tip (disc) cutting device, a hemp tip (leaf) middle conveying device and a hemp leaf chopping machine form a ramie feed combined harvesting system, and an engine, a power transmission system, a control system and a walking system form a chassis.

The matched chassis is universal with the chassis of the crawler-type semi-feeding rice and wheat combine harvester and is a self-propelled power chassis. Namely, the cutting table, the threshing and cleaning device and the grain collecting device of the crawler-type semi-feeding rice and wheat combine harvester are detached, and the rest is the chassis for refitting the ramie combine harvester. The device mainly comprises an engine, a power transmission system (comprising a continuously variable transmission and an auxiliary transmission), a traveling system (comprising a drive axle, a traveling wheel train and a track), and a control system (comprising a hydraulic system and an electric system which are arranged at the front left part).

The double-acting vertical cutting table has a cutting width of 1.4 m, three rows and a row spacing of 0.5 m according to the agricultural requirements, and comprises a ramie divider, a basal ramie stalk cutting device, a ramie poking device, a lateral conveyor, a ramie supporting device, a tip ramie leaf cutting device, a power transmission device and a profiling connector. The method is characterized in that: the header is longitudinally triangular, is suspended in the front of the main machine through a profiling coupler in a floating way, hydraulically ascends and descends, and is profiled at any place during working. The ramie splitter is fixed at the lower front part of the frame and consists of four large ramie splitting pieces and three small ramie splitting pieces, and crops are split into three large rows and six small rows according to the agricultural requirements. The ramie holding devices are arranged on the inner side of the front bevel edge and are divided into three groups, the structure of the ramie holding devices is the same as that of a conventional semi-feeding grain combine harvester, and the ramie holding devices are heightened and accelerated according to the height of ramie stalks to comb and hold the ramie stalks forward. The ramie poking devices are positioned behind the ramie holding device and in front of the side conveyor, and are combined into five groups, the ramie stalks are poked to the ramie stalk cutting device for cutting, and are poked and pressed on the side conveyor for conveying. The two side conveyors and the two cutting conveyors are in the same direction and the same speed, and the right end of the side conveyor turns backwards for transition. The hemp stalk cutting device is arranged at the bottom of the header, the tip cutting device is arranged at the upper right part, and the height is adjusted through hydraulic pressure. The basal hemp stalk cutting device, the tip hemp leaf cutting device and the traveling mechanism are combined together to simultaneously complete the harvesting of the hemp stalks and the hemp leaves. The speed of pushing hemp is not less than the advancing speed, and the speed of supporting hemp is not less than four times of the advancing speed.

A tip hemp leaf cutting device for two effect vertical header comprises cutting conveyer, material guide bar, cutting guide bar, gearbox, drive integral key shaft, cutting knife guard shield, disc cutting knife, passive optical axis, lift cylinder. The device is characterized in that the cutting conveyor and the lateral conveyor have the same speed and the same direction, the disc cutter is arranged between the upper hemp conveying chain and the lower hemp conveying chain of the cutting conveyor and has the same direction with the cutting conveyor, the speed is accelerated through a gearbox, the whole device is sleeved on a driving shaft and a driven shaft in a sliding mode, and the vertical height (the lifting amplitude is 400 mm) is adjusted through a hydraulic cylinder. The hemp leaves are cut off under the matching of the cutting guide rod. The hemp leaf guide rod pushes the cut hemp tips to a conveying belt of a hemp tip middle conveying device, and the hemp tip middle conveying device is conveyed into a hemp tip (leaf) chopper to be chopped.

The ramie poking device for the double-acting vertical cutting table comprises five groups, wherein each group consists of an upper ramie distributing plate, a lower ramie poking star wheel and an upper ramie pressing rod and a lower ramie pressing rod. The side cutting type ramie removing device is characterized in that the upper ramie separating plate and the lower ramie separating plate are flanged or edge-covered triangular flat plates, the poking teeth of the poking star wheel are covered by a right-angled edge to prevent ramie poking so as not to influence the poking of the right side ramie poking device, a front angle is connected with the cutting table ramie separating device, the chord length of the poking teeth of the poking star wheel is slightly smaller than the distance between the poking fingers of the side conveying chain and is driven by the side cutting conveying chain, the front end of the elastic ramie pressing rod is fixed on the ramie separating plate, and the rear. The upper and lower sets are connected by a connecting rod, and the hemp-poking star wheel is sleeved on the connecting rod in a sliding manner.

A dual-moving-knife cutter and its driver for dual-acting vertical cutting table is composed of upper and lower blades and crank-connecting rod, and features that the crank and the output shaft of the driving box of cutter are integrated, the radius of crank is half of the reciprocating stroke of single-moving knife, and two cranks are arranged at both sides of the same axle center plane and driven by a driving box to make the upper and lower blades reciprocate reversely for cutting hemp stalk.

A profile coupling for a double acting vertical header. The harvesting machine consists of a main machine connecting plate, a pressure reducing spring, a lifting oil cylinder and a harvesting table connecting plate, and is characterized in that the harvesting table connecting plate is in sliding connection with a long groove of the main machine connecting plate through a pin shaft fixed with the harvesting table connecting plate and can move up and down and rotate, two sliding blocks at the lower end of the main machine connecting plate are supported on a sliding plate below the harvesting table connecting plate, the upper end of the lifting oil cylinder is supported on the pin shaft fixedly connected with the harvesting table, the lower end of the lifting oil cylinder is pressed on a bracket of the main machine connecting plate, the pressure reducing spring is a cylindrical compression spring and is sleeved outside the oil cylinder to support 70% -95% of the weight of the harvesting table, only little weight is transmitted to the main machine connecting.

The hemp stalk middle conveying device is arranged on the right side of the main machine and is connected with the header side conveyor and the feeding mechanism of the fiber processing machine. Consists of a lower clamping conveying mechanism, an upper shifting finger conveying mechanism, a transmission mechanism, a conveying frame, a pressing frame and the like. The method is characterized in that: for the side rotary conveying device, an upper conveying chain and a lower conveying chain are horizontally inclined by 35 degrees, the conveying speed is in direct proportion to the length of the conveying chain, in one embodiment, the lower chain is 2 times of an upper chain, the lower chain is driven by a chain wheel with the diameter being 2 times, and the front end and the rear end of the conveying chain are respectively arranged below the header side conveying chain and in front of a fiber processing machine feeding chain and are connected with the header side conveyor and a feeding mechanism. The conveying chain is a single-side sprocket chain, so that the hemp stalk can rotate and move on the finger-shifting conveying chain. The clamping chain is accelerated by an accelerating chain wheel and driven by a driving short shaft, and a driven wheel is also a tension wheel.

The middle conveying device of the hemp tips (leaves) is a belt conveyer, is subjected to speed reduction transmission by a hemp tip chopper, and the front end of the middle conveying device is arranged on one side of a tip cutting device of the double-acting vertical header. The hemp leaves are paved and conveyed to a hemp leaf chopper by a material guide rod.

The fiber processing machine is a chain belt clamping ramie removing machine and comprises a feeding mechanism, a ramie stalk pressing and folding mechanism, a left ramie removing mechanism, a ramie stalk clamping and conveying mechanism, a fiber clamping and conveying mechanism, a base pressing and folding mechanism, a right ramie removing mechanism, a multidirectional output transmission case and the like. The method is characterized in that: two sets of ramie removing mechanisms are vertically arranged in a T shape, the feeding ends of the ramie removing rollers are axially opened, the feeding ends of the two rollers are circular tables, the length of a left ramie removing roller is 2 times that of a right ramie removing roller, a ramie stalk pressing and folding mechanism is arranged in front of the two ramie removing mechanisms, the pressing and folding mechanism and the ramie removing mechanisms are inclined by 45 degrees and are vertical to the ramie stalk feeding mechanism and the clamping and conveying mechanism, the linear speed of the pressing and folding rollers is the same as that of the clamping chain belt, and the tail ends of the clamping chain belt are overlapped.

The hemp stalk pressing and folding mechanism is a pair of spiral rollers with a 45-degree spiral lead angle, 4 right-handed spiral grooves are processed by a lower roller, 4 left-handed spiral blades are welded on the upper roller, the length of the hemp stalk pressing and folding roller is 2 times that of the base part, a hemp stalk feeding chain wheel is arranged at the middle of the lower roller in a disconnected mode, and a bone folding disc is arranged at the middle of the upper roller in a correspondingly disconnected mode.

The multi-directional output transmission box is provided with three output shafts and consists of three pairs of conical gears and two pairs of cylindrical gears. The six transmission shafts have a first output shaft with an axis crossing angle of 90 degrees and a transmission ratio of 1 so as to meet the vertical arrangement requirement of the left and right ramie removing mechanisms, a second output shaft horizontally inclines 45 degrees with the input shaft, the transmission ratio is 14.75 so as to meet the requirement that the clamping chain belt and the ramie removing mechanisms incline 45 degrees, and a third output shaft with an axis crossing angle of 66 degrees and a transmission ratio of 6.65 so as to meet the requirement that the middle ramie stalk conveying device inclines 35 degrees and the gearbox body inclines 45 degrees.

The hemp leaf chopper is modified by a straw cutting mechanism of a semi-feeding type grain combine harvester.

The whole power and motion transmission route is divided into three major parts of walking (including hydraulic pressure), cutting table and processing (including fiber and feed intermediate conveying and processing).

The walking part is unchanged, namely, the walking part starts from the engine, goes to the hydraulic stepless gearbox and the auxiliary gearbox through the clutch of the walking V-belt, and goes to the crawler driving wheel through the driving axle.

The header part starts from an engine, is brought to a hydraulic stepless speed changing box and an auxiliary speed changing box through a walking triangle belt, and is clutched to a header driving wheel through a header triangle belt.

The processing part starts from an engine, and is connected with a processing transmission main shaft through a processing triangle belt to a multi-direction output transmission box.

When the harvester enters the hemp garden to move forward, the hemp separator is inserted into the hemp cluster, and the hemp supporting device supports the hemp stalk. The hemp poking device pokes the hemp stalk to the cutter. After cutting, the lateral conveyor conveys laterally under the combined action of the elastic hemp pressing rods; the hemp tip cutting device cuts off the hemp tips, and the hemp tips are respectively sent into a fiber and feed processing machine by a hemp stem and hemp leaf intermediate conveying device to finish fiber and feed simultaneous combined harvest.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following obvious beneficial effects:

1. the harvesting and processing of the hemp stalk fiber and hemp leaf feed can be completed at one time, the multi-process combined operation is realized, the production efficiency is high, and a large amount of manpower and material resources are saved.

2. The fiber feeding and double harvesting greatly improve the economic value of ramie and the economic benefit of ramie farmers.

3. The hemp bones and the surface skin scraps are crushed and returned to the field in the harvesting process, so that the environmental pollution is reduced, the content of organic fertilizer in the farmland is increased, the soil property is improved, and the ecology is protected.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a main view (working principle) of the whole machine, and fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a top view (plane arrangement) of the whole machine.

Fig. 3 is a schematic front view (side elevation) of the double acting vertical header, and fig. 4 is a schematic top view (plan) of the double acting vertical header; fig. 5 is a schematic left-side (elevational) view of a double acting vertical header.

Fig. 6 is a schematic front view of a double-acting cutter and a driving device of the double-acting vertical header, and fig. 7 is a schematic top (plane) view of the double-acting cutter and the driving device.

Fig. 8 is an isometric view of the ramie poking device of the double-acting vertical cutting table, fig. 9 is a schematic view of the ramie poking device in a front view (side elevation), fig. 10 is a schematic view of the ramie poking device in a top view, and fig. 11 is a schematic view of the ramie poking device in a left view (front elevation).

Fig. 12 is a front view (front elevation) schematic diagram of a tip pockmark cutting device of the double-acting vertical header, fig. 13 is a top view (plan layout) schematic diagram of the tip pockmark cutting device, and fig. 14 is a left view (side elevation) schematic diagram of the tip pockmark cutting device.

Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of a profile coupling structure of a double acting vertical header, fig. 16 is a front view of a master coupling plate of the profile coupling, fig. 17 is a left view of the master coupling plate of the profile coupling, fig. 18 is a front view of a header coupling plate of the profile coupling, and fig. 19 is a left view of the header coupling plate of the profile coupling.

Fig. 20 is a schematic front view (side elevation of the entire arrangement), fig. 21 is a schematic top view, fig. 22 is a schematic structural view (a is enlarged in rotation), and fig. 23 is a schematic sectional view of a hemp stalk intermediate transfer device B-B.

FIG. 24 is a schematic front view (front elevation), FIG. 25 is a schematic top view (plan view) and FIG. 26 is a schematic left side view (side elevation) of the fiber processing machine.

FIG. 27 is a schematic view of a hemp stalk pressing and folding mechanism of a fiber processing machine.

FIG. 28 is a schematic front view of a multi-directional output gearbox of the fiber processing machine, FIG. 29 is a schematic top view (plan layout) of the multi-directional output gearbox, and FIG. 30 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the multi-directional output gearbox C-C.

In the figure, 1, a double-acting vertical header, 2, a hemp stalk middle conveying device, 3, a tip hemp leaf middle conveying device, 4, an operation system, 5, an engine and a power transmission system, 6, a hemp leaf chopper, 7, a fiber processing machine, 8, a traveling system, 9, a fiber bin and 10, a feed bin.

1.1 divides the numb ware, 1.2 double-action sword cutters and drive arrangement, 1.3 basal portion cutting driving chain, 1.4 group numb ware, 1.5 side direction conveyer, 1.6 hold up numb ware, 1.7 tip numb leaf cutting device, 1.8 hold up numb ware gearbox, 1.9 hold up numb ware drive case, 1.10 header frame, 1.11 header V belt drive wheel, 1.12 header transmission case, 1.13 profile modeling connector.

1.2.1 lower moving blade, 1.2.2 upper moving blade, 1.2.3 connecting rod, 1.2.4 crank and 1.2.5 driving box.

1.4.1 lower hemp separating plate, 1.4.2 upper hemp separating plate, 1.4.3 hemp shifting star wheel, 1.4.4 connecting rod and 1.4.5 hemp pressing rod.

1.7.1 cutting conveyer, 1.7.2 hemp leaf guide bar, 1.7.3 cutting guide bar, 1.7.4 gearbox, 1.7.5 driving shaft (spline moving shaft) 1.7.6 cutting knife shield, 1.7.7 driven shaft (sliding guide shaft), 1.7.8 disc blade, 1.7.9 lifting oil cylinder assembly, 3 tip hemp leaf intermediate conveying device.

1.13.1 host computer link plate, 1.13.2 relief spring, 1.13.3 lift cylinder, 1.13.4 header link plate.

2.1 driven wheel, 2.2 driven shaft, 2.3 conveying chain, 2.4 conveying frame, 2.5 driving wheel, 2.6 driving long shaft, 2.7 bearing with seat, 2.8 driving chain, 2.9 driving short shaft, 2.10 accelerating wheel, 2.11 driving wheel, 2.12 pressing frame and 2.13 chain plate supporting rail.

7.1 feeding mechanism, 7.2 hemp stalk pressing and folding mechanism, 7.3 left hemp removing mechanism, 7.4 transmission main shaft, 7.5 fiber clamping and conveying mechanism, 7.6 right hemp removing mechanism, 7.7 hemp stalk base pressing and folding mechanism, 7.8 hemp stalk clamping and conveying mechanism and 7.9 multidirectional output transmission case.

7.2.1 drive gear, 7.2.2 fold-over upper roller, 7.2.3 belt seat bearing, 7.2.4 fold-over lower roller, 7.2.5 drive sprocket.

7.9.1 box, 7.9.2 second output shaft, 7.9.3 cylindrical gear pair, 7.9.4 four-shaft, 7.9.5 conical gear pair, 7.9.6 three-shaft, 7.9.7 conical gear pair, 7.9.8 belt wheel, 7.9.9 input shaft, 7.9.10 conical gear pair, 7.9.11 first output shaft, 7.9.12 chain wheel, 7.9.13 bearing, 7.9.14 box cover, 7.9.15 third output shaft, 7.9.16 bearing cover and 7.9.17 coupling.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

the whole machine is shown in figure 1 and figure 2, and a chassis of a semi-feeding type rice and wheat combine harvester is selected and modified to be the chassis of the machine. The chassis mainly comprises an engine and a power transmission system 5, a continuously variable transmission, an auxiliary transmission, a traveling system 8, a drive axle, a traveling wheel train and a crawler belt, and an operating system 4, wherein the traveling wheel train and the crawler belt are arranged on a cab (an operating handle, an instrument and a seat) arranged above the left front part in a modified mode, a hydraulic system arranged on the left front part is arranged on the chassis, and the chassis is a self-propelled power chassis, namely a main engine.

The cutting table 1 is arranged right ahead the whole machine, the cutting width is 1.4 m, 6 rows (three rows) are connected with the main machine by a profiling connector to realize on-site profiling and hydraulic lifting, and the cutting table is combined with a traveling mechanism to simultaneously complete the cutting of hemp stalks and hemp leaves, thereby being a double-acting vertical cutting table. The hemp stalk middle conveying device 2 is arranged below the right side, the conveying chain horizontally inclines by 35 degrees, the upper chain is a poking and conveying chain, the lower chain is a clamping chain, the head and the tail of the poking and conveying chain are connected with a header side conveyor and a feeding mechanism of a fiber processing machine, the hemp stalks are conveyed backwards and upwards, and the hemp stalk middle conveying device is a side direction rotating conveying device. The hemp leaf middle conveying device 3 is arranged at the upper right part and is a belt conveyor. The fiber processing machine 7 is arranged at the rear upper part and is improved by the patent technology ZL 201520084827.5. The hemp leaf chopper 6 is arranged at the upper right rear part and is modified by a straw cutter of a rice and wheat combine harvester.

The double acting vertical header 1 is shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5. The harvesting rows are 6 rows (three rows), the cutting width is 1.4 meters, the width of the cutting table is 1.6 meters, the height is 2.2 meters, and the longitudinal direction is triangular. The device consists of a ramie separating device 1.1, a double-moving-cutter cutting device and driving device 1.2, a base cutting transmission chain 1.3, a ramie poking device 1.4, a side conveyor 1.5, a ramie supporting device 1.6, a tip ramie cutting device 1.7, a ramie supporting device gearbox 1.8, a ramie supporting device driver 1.9, a header frame 1.10, a header triangular belt driving wheel 1.11, a header transmission case 1.12 and a profiling coupler 1.13. The cutting table is longitudinally triangular, the ramie divider 1.1 is fixed at the lower front part of the frame and corresponds to the ramie planting row spacing, the ramie holder 1.6 is positioned on the front inclined plane, the upper part of the ramie holder is driven, the ramie poking device 1.4 is positioned behind the ramie holder 1.6 and in front of the side conveyor 1.5, the right end of the side conveyor 1.5 turns backwards to transit and is provided with a poking tooth for driving a ramie poking star wheel. The distance between the shifting fingers is slightly larger than or equal to the chord length of the shifting teeth of the hemp shifting star wheel. The base cutter 1.2 is arranged at the bottom of the header and is a double-moving cutter, the tip hemp leaf cutter 1.7 is arranged at the middle upper part, and the height is adjusted by a hydraulic oil cylinder.

The header passes through profile modeling connector 1.13 and host computer hookup, through hydraulic cylinder lift, rises when self-propelled shifts and the ground head turns, reaps the profile modeling everywhere, and its course of operation is: according to the growth condition of ramie, the height of the tip ramie cutting device and the harvesting speed are adjusted. The header power is transmitted to a header V-belt transmission wheel shaft through the separation and reunion of the header V-belt, and is transmitted to a cutting driving box from a header transmission shaft through chain transmission. The double cranks of the crankshafts respectively drive the upper and lower moving blades to harvest hemp stalks, the side conveyor 1.5 and the cutting conveyor 1.7.1 of the tip hemp leaf harvesting device 1.7 are directly driven from a header transmission shaft to a header vertical transmission shaft through a header transmission box to finish the lateral conveying of the hemp stalks, chain shifting claws of the side conveyor 1.5 drive a hemp shifting star wheel 1.4.3 of a hemp shifting device 1.4 to shift and feed the hemp stalks, the speed of a gearbox 1.7.4 of the tip hemp leaf cutting device 1.7 is increased from the vertical transmission shaft to drive a disc blade to harvest hemp leaves, and the speed of the gearbox 1.8 of a hemp holding device is changed to a hemp holding device driving box 1.9 to drive a hemp holding device 1.6 to hold hemp.

The double knife cutter and drive 1.2 is shown in fig. 6 and 7. Consists of upper and lower moving blades 1.2.2 and 1.2.1, connecting rod 1.2.3, crank 1.2.4, driving box 1.2.5, etc. Choose for use reciprocating type cutting blade of general high strength to constitute the sword strip and do the sword, characterized by: the upper and lower moving knives are driven by a driving box to form a crank shaft, the crank shaft and the output shaft of the driving box are integrated, the radius of the crank shaft is one half of the reciprocating stroke of the single moving cutting knife, and the two cranks are arranged on two sides of the same axial plane. The beneficial effects are as follows: the double-knife-blade combined hemp stalk cutting machine has the advantages that single-knife motion is changed into double-knife motion, the balance is good, the reciprocating stroke is shortened, one driving box is omitted compared with a double-moving knife driven by a bidirectional driving box, the structure is simplified, the manufacturing cost is saved, the space position is vacated, the left end of the driving box is arranged in the embodiment, hemp stalks can be conveniently conveyed backwards through the right end of the driving box, the inertia force of the reciprocating motion is offset, the cutting speed is high, and the lateral conveying of the hemp stalks is facilitated.

The hemp poking device 1.4 is shown in fig. 8, 9, 10 and 11. Consists of upper and lower hemp separating plates 1.4.2 and 1.4.1, a hemp poking star wheel 1.4.3, an elastic hemp pressing rod 1.4.5 and a connecting rod 1.4.4. The method is characterized in that: each ramie poking device is formed by combining an upper ramie poking device and a lower ramie poking device which have the same function and are combined by a connecting rod, the upper ramie poking device and the lower ramie poking device respectively complete the poking and feeding of the middle part and the lower part of a ramie stalk, the front ends of an upper ramie poking plate and a lower ramie poking plate are connected with the cutting table ramie poking device, the rear ends of the upper ramie poking plate and the lower ramie poking plate cover the reverse poking teeth of a ramie poking star wheel, the upper ramie poking plate is shorter than the lower ramie poking plate according to the triangular structure of the cutting table, the poking tooth chord length of the ramie poking star wheel is slightly shorter than the distance between the poking fingers of a. The beneficial effects are as follows: the ramie (long-stalk crops) can be ensured to vertically enter the header for cutting and conveying without crossing, so that the middle conveying and ramie removing are facilitated, namely the normal work of the whole machine is realized.

The tip pockmark cutting device 1.7 is shown in fig. 12, 13 and 14. The machine is composed of a cutting conveyor 1.7.1, a hemp leaf guide rod 1.7.2, a cutting guide rod 1.7.3, a gear box 1.7.4, a disc blade 1.7.8 and the like. The upper and lower conveying chains send the ramie tips into a cutter to be cut off, and the ramie leaves cut off are pushed to a conveying belt of a ramie leaf middle conveying device by a ramie leaf guide rod to be sent into a chopper. The method is characterized in that: the cutting blade sets up two from top to bottom and send between the numb chain, by the gearbox acceleration drive, the cutting guide bar jag card is in the cutting blade both sides, is equivalent to the stationary knife, and the outer end is stretched out and is kept off the feed opening with the numb tip and cut, and the numb leaf is transversely spread on the conveyer belt by the numb leaf guide bar after the cutting. The beneficial effects are that: the ramie leaves at the tips of the ramie stalks are harvested to be used as the feed, so that the utilization efficiency of the ramie is improved, the income of ramie farmers is increased, meanwhile, the ramie stalk fiber processing is facilitated, and the ramie stalk fiber processing method has important significance for the development of the ramie industry.

The profile coupling 1.13 is composed of a main machine connecting plate 1.13.1, a pressure reducing spring 1.13.2, a lifting cylinder 1.13.3 and a header connecting plate 1.13.4, as shown in fig. 15, 16, 17, 18 and 19. The main machine connecting plate is connected with the header connecting plate through a pin fixed on the header connecting plate, two slide blocks at the lower end of the main machine connecting plate are supported on a slide plate below the header connecting plate, the upper end of a lifting oil cylinder 1.13.3 is supported on the pin, the lower end of the lifting oil cylinder is pressed on a bracket of the main machine connecting plate, a pressure reducing spring is a cylindrical compression spring sleeved outside the oil cylinder, the pressure reducing spring bears about 85% of the weight of the header, and only little weight is transmitted to the main machine connecting plate through the pin. The beneficial effects are that: the on-site profiling harvesting operation can be realized only by little ground surface counter force, the cutting stubble is low, the ramie loss is low, and the yield in the next season is not influenced by the damage of ramie stumps.

The hemp stalk intermediate conveying device 2 is shown in figures 20, 21, 22 and 23. The device is composed of a driven wheel 2.1, a driven shaft 2.2, a conveying chain 2.3, a conveying frame 2.4, a driving wheel 2.5, a pressing frame 2.12, a chain transmission and the like, and is characterized in that: the upper and lower conveying chains horizontally incline by 35 degrees, and the front and rear ends are respectively arranged below the header lateral conveying chain and in front of the feeding chain of the fiber processing machine. The upper and lower conveying mechanisms are composed of a driving wheel, a driven wheel, a conveying chain, a conveying frame and a pressing and holding frame. The two chains are single-side chain teeth, namely, the chain only has the chain teeth on the lower side chain plate. The upper track is conveyed by a shifting finger, the lower track is conveyed by a clamping manner, namely, the gap between the upper track pressing and holding frame and the chain is larger than the diameter of the hemp stalk, the hemp stalk can axially move between the chain teeth, the gap between the lower track pressing and holding frame and the chain is small, and the hemp stalk can not axially move but can swing. The speed of the two chains is proportional to the chain length, and the speed of the lower chain is twice that of the upper chain by the accelerating transmission. The beneficial effects are that: the base of the hemp stalk is conveyed in a rotating way backwards and upwards in the conveying process.

The working process of the hemp stalk intermediate conveying device is as follows: the cochain is by drive major axis 2.6 direct drive, and the lower chain is through the drive minor axis 2.9 drive with higher speed, and the side direction conveyer of header before two chains, the feeding chain of fibre processing machine is opened to the back, because the lower chain is fast, upwards rotates into horizontal state backward with the perpendicular numb stalk that header side direction conveyer sent in transportation process, and the feeding chain of handing over the fibre processing machine sends into the mechanism of taking off numb and takes off numb.

The hemp leaf intermediate conveying device 3 is a belt conveyor and is driven by a roller shaft of the hemp leaf chopper in a speed reducing way to convey hemp leaves into the chopper or directly into a storage bin.

The hemp leaf chopper 6 is a double-roller disc cutter modified by a straw cutter of a grain combine harvester.

The fiber processing machine 7 is shown in fig. 24, 25, and 26. The sisal hemp fiber extraction device is formed by a feeding mechanism 7.1, a hemp stalk pressing and folding mechanism 7.2, a left hemp removing mechanism 7.3, a power transmission main shaft 7.4, a fiber clamping and conveying mechanism 7.5, a right hemp removing mechanism 7.6, a hemp stalk base pressing and folding mechanism 7.7, a hemp stalk clamping and conveying mechanism 7.8 and a multidirectional output transmission box, and is an invention which is improved and designed for a novel sisal hemp fiber extraction device disclosed in the ZL201520084827.5 patent.

One end of each of the two sets of ramie removing mechanisms is opened, a roller at the opening end is in a circular truncated cone shape, the two ramie removing mechanisms are vertically arranged, ramie stalks are clamped and conveyed by clamping chains, fibers are clamped and conveyed by clamping belts, the clamping chains and the clamping belts are parallel to each other and are arranged at an angle of 45 degrees with the ramie removing mechanisms, and the tail ends of the chain belts are overlapped and connected, so that the ramie removing device is characterized in that: a hemp stalk pressing and folding mechanism 7.2 is arranged in front of the left hemp removing mechanism, and an original base crushing mechanism is changed into a pressing and folding mechanism 7.7 in front of the right hemp removing mechanism, so that a transmission case with multi-directional output is designed. The beneficial effects are that: not only can extract sisal fiber, but also can process ramie and other hemp fibers, thereby overcoming the defects that other types of ramie fiber processing machines are discontinuous, have low efficiency and are unreliable, and can not be matched with a ramie cutter to realize combined harvesting.

The processing process is as follows: the hemp stalk delivered by the middle hemp stalk conveying device is fed into a hemp stalk pressing and folding mechanism 7.2 by a feeding mechanism 7.1, the base part of the hemp stalk enters a hemp stalk clamping and conveying mechanism 7.8, under the combined action of the clamping and conveying mechanism 7.8 and the feeding mechanism 7.1, the pressed and folded hemp stalk transversely enters from the opening end of a left hemp removing mechanism 7.3 in the axial direction, is pulled out of the left hemp removing mechanism in the tangential direction, enters a base part pressing and folding mechanism 7.7 in the continuous conveying process, enters a fiber clamping and conveying mechanism 7.5 after fibers are pulled out from the left hemp removing mechanism in the tangential direction, the base part of the hemp stalk is separated from the hemp stalk clamping and conveying mechanism in the continuous hemp removing process, is clamped and conveyed by the fiber clamping and conveying mechanism 7.5 to come out around the tail end of the base part pressing and folding mechanism 7.7, and enters from the opening end of the right hemp removing mechanism in the axial direction, is pulled out in the tangential direction, and is.

The hemp stalk pressing and folding mechanism 7.2 is shown in figure 27. The device consists of a transmission gear 7.2.1, an upper roller 7.2.2, a bearing with a seat 7.2.3, a lower roller 7.2.4 and a driving chain wheel 7.2.5, and is characterized in that the upper and lower press rollers are a pair of spiral rollers with the number of 4 and the lead angle of 45 degrees, the spiral rollers are meshed and rotate, the spiral rollers are directly driven by a hemp stalk clamping and conveying mechanism 7.8, the width of the right hand part of the spiral groove of the lower roller is 20mm, the depth of the spiral groove of the lower roller is 10mm, the left hand thickness of the spiral blade of the upper roller is 2mm, the height of the spiral blade of the upper roller is 10mm, the outer diameter of the roller is 90mm, the gap between the two rollers is. The working process is as follows: when the hemp stalk enters from the opening end of the pressing and folding roller by inclining 45 degrees by the feeding mechanism and then is flattened, the engaged spiral groove and the blades break off the hemp bones of the flattened hemp stalk and separate from hemp skin. The beneficial effects are that: before entering the ramie removing mechanism, the ramie stalks are flattened and crushed, the ramie bones are broken into sections to be separated from the ramie barks, the separation of the fibers by the ramie removing mechanism is facilitated, high-quality ramie fibers are obtained, and the sisal fiber extracting machine can also process ramie and other bast fibers.

The multi-directional output gearbox 7.9 is shown in fig. 28, 29 and 30. There are 3 pairs of conical gear pairs, 2 pairs of cylindrical gear pairs, 6 axles (wherein 3 output shafts) and box 7.9.1, case lid 7.9.14, bearing 7.9.13 etc. constitute characterized by: the first output shaft 7.9.11 is angularly oriented 90 ° relative to the input shaft 7.9.9. The transmission is realized through a bevel gear pair 7.9.7 with the same tooth number, and the transmission ratio = 1; the angle between the horizontal plane and the input shaft is 45 degrees, the second output shaft 7.9.2 is driven by a bevel gear pair 7.9.10 and a two-stage cylindrical gear pair 7.9.3, the shaft angle is 45 degrees, and the transmission ratio is =54/18 × 51/23 × 2 × 51/23= 14.75; the third output shaft 7.9.15 inclines forwards, forms an included angle of 55 degrees with the horizontal plane, forms an axis intersection angle of 66 degrees, and is transmitted through the bevel gear pair 7.9.10, the cylindrical gear pair 7.9.3 and the bevel gear pair 7.9.5 with the same number of teeth, and the transmission ratio =54/18 × 51/23= 6.65. The device has the advantages that the device meets the requirements of the fiber processing machine 7 on the transmission direction and the transmission ratio of two sets of ramie removing mechanisms which are vertically arranged, a ramie stalk and fiber clamping and conveying device, a ramie stalk folding mechanism, a base folding mechanism and a feeding mechanism which are arranged in an inclined way by 45 degrees, and a ramie stalk middle conveying device which is arranged in an inclined way by 35 degrees.

The power of the engine is respectively transmitted to the walking system, the cutting table, the fiber processing machine and the hemp cutting machine. The machine enters a hemp garden, a hemp divider is inserted into a hemp cluster, a hemp supporting device supports hemp stalks, a hemp shifting device shifts the hemp stalks to a base cutter and a lateral conveyor, the cutter cuts the hemp stalks, the lateral conveyor vertically conveys the cut hemp stalks to one side, a tip cutting device cuts tips, and the hemp tips and the hemp stalks are respectively conveyed to a hemp leaf chopper and a fiber processing machine by a tip middle conveying mechanism and a hemp stalk middle conveying device. The obtained feed and fiber respectively enter a feed and fiber bin, simultaneously, the ramie feed and fiber are harvested, and the ramie bones and the ramie chips are returned to the field as organic fertilizer, so that the utilization rate of the ramie and the economic benefit of a ramie farmer are greatly improved.

Claims (6)

1. The ramie fiber feeding and double-harvesting combine harvester comprises a vertical cutting table consisting of a ramie splitter, a ramie supporting device, a ramie poking device, a cutting device and a conveyor, a conveying device between ramie stalks and ramie leaves, a fiber processing machine, a ramie leaf chopper, an engine, a power transmission system, an operation system and a walking system, and is characterized in that: the vertical cutting platform is a double-acting vertical cutting platform and is hung in front of a self-propelled power chassis through a profiling connector, a hemp stalk middle conveying device is arranged at the lower part of the right side and is a rotary conveying device, a hemp leaf middle conveying device is arranged at the upper right side and is a belt conveying device, a fiber processing machine is arranged at the rear of the right middle, a hemp leaf chopping machine is arranged at the rear of the upper right side, the cutting device comprises a hemp stalk and hemp tip cutting device, the conveyor comprises a lateral conveyor and a cutting conveyor, the hemp stalk and hemp tip cutting device, the lateral conveyor and the cutting conveyor, the hemp stalk and hemp leaf middle conveying device, the fiber processing machine and the hemp leaf chopping machine form two sets of harvesting and processing systems for ramie fibers and feed, a hemp poking device is arranged in front of the lateral conveyor and the cutting conveyor and corresponds to the lateral conveyor after a hemp separating device and a hemp holding device, and the, the upper right part is provided with a hemp tip cutting device, a cutting conveyor of the hemp tip cutting device and a side conveyor of the hemp stalk cutting device are coaxial and at the same speed, the fiber processing machine comprises a left hemp removing mechanism, a right hemp removing mechanism, a hemp stalk pressing and folding mechanism and a multidirectional output transmission case, and the hemp removing mechanism is arranged in front of the hemp stalk pressing and folding mechanism.

2. The ramie-feeding double-harvesting combine harvester according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the ramie poking device comprises a ramie poking star wheel, an elastic ramie pressing rod and an upper ramie poking plate and a lower ramie poking plate which are connected by a connecting rod, wherein the front ends of the upper ramie poking star wheel and the lower ramie poking plate are connected with the ramie poking device of the cutting table, the rear ends of the upper ramie poking star wheel and the lower ramie poking plate cover reverse poking teeth of the ramie poking star wheel, the chord length of the poking star wheel poking teeth is slightly smaller than the distance between the poking fingers of a chain of the lateral conveyor, the ramie poking star wheel is driven by the lateral conveyor, the head end.

3. The ramie-feeding double-harvesting combine harvester according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the hemp tip cutting device comprises a cutting conveyor, hemp leaf guide rods, cutting guide rods, a gearbox, a cutting knife shield and a disc cutting knife, wherein the disc cutting knife is arranged between an upper conveying chain and a lower conveying chain and is driven by the gearbox in an accelerating way, the gearbox is arranged on a front vertical shaft and a rear vertical shaft, the cutting guide rods are forked and clamped on two sides of the disc cutting knife to be used as fixed knives and are fixedly connected with the cutting knife shield, the hemp leaf guide rods are arranged on the upper left side of the disc cutting knife, the hemp leaf guide rods are transversely paved on the hemp leaf conveying belt after the hemp leaves are cut and are sent into the hemp leaf cutting machine to be cut, and the hemp leaf conveying belt.

4. The ramie-feeding double-harvesting combine harvester according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the profiling coupler comprises a self-propelled power chassis connecting plate, a pressure reducing spring, a lifting oil cylinder and a header connecting plate, wherein the self-propelled power chassis connecting plate is connected with the header connecting plate through a pin shaft fixed on the header connecting plate, two sliding blocks at the lower end of the self-propelled power chassis connecting plate are supported on a sliding plate below the header connecting plate, the upper end of the lifting oil cylinder is supported on the pin shaft fixedly connected with the header connecting plate, the lower end of the lifting oil cylinder is pressed on a bracket of the self-propelled power chassis connecting plate, the pressure reducing spring is a cylindrical compression spring and is sleeved outside the lifting oil cylinder to support most weight of the header, only little weight is transmitted to the self-propelled power chassis connecting plate through the pin shaft, and the header can be supported only.

5. The ramie-feeding double-harvesting combine harvester according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the hemp stalk pressing and folding mechanism comprises a transmission gear, an upper roller, a lower roller and a driving chain wheel, wherein the upper roller and the lower roller are a pair of spiral rollers with the number of 4 and the lift angle of 45 degrees which are meshed and rotated, the lower roller is rightly rotated by a spiral groove, the width of the spiral groove is 20mm, the depth of the spiral groove is 10mm, the upper roller is leftwards rotated by a spiral blade, the height of the spiral blade is 10mm, the outer diameters of the two rollers are 90mm, and the gap is 4.

6. The ramie-feeding double-harvesting combine harvester according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the multidirectional output transmission case include three pairs of conical gear pairs, two cylindrical gear pairs, three output shafts and input shaft, the shaft angle of intersection of first output shaft and input shaft is 90, through the conical gear pair transmission that the number of teeth is the same, drive ratio is 1, the second output shaft and input shaft horizontal plane angle of intersection 45, through the conical gear pair and the transmission of two-stage cylindrical gear pair that shaft angle of intersection 45, drive ratio 14.75, the third output shaft leans forward, with the contained angle 55 of horizontal plane, the vertical face leans forward 35, shaft angle of intersection 66, through conical gear pair, cylindrical gear pair and the conical gear pair transmission that the number of teeth is the same, drive ratio 6.65.

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