CN117064811A - 含有蚕丝抗菌肽的组合物及其在化妆品中的应用 - Google Patents
含有蚕丝抗菌肽的组合物及其在化妆品中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN117064811A CN117064811A CN202311205228.XA CN202311205228A CN117064811A CN 117064811 A CN117064811 A CN 117064811A CN 202311205228 A CN202311205228 A CN 202311205228A CN 117064811 A CN117064811 A CN 117064811A
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种含有蚕丝抗菌肽的组合物及其在化妆品中的应用,属于化妆用的配置品领域;该组合物包括:山茶叶提取物、鳄梨果提取物、蚕丝抗菌肽、多糖包裹剂、稳定剂、抗氧化剂、大豆卵磷脂;本发明提供的蚕丝抗菌肽组合物能够有效抗菌抑菌作用,同时具有较好的抗炎作用,该组合物稳定性较好,保存时限符合实际使用场景的要求。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于化妆用的配置品领域,具体涉及一种含有蚕丝抗菌肽的组合物及其在化妆品中的应用。
背景技术
皮肤上的细菌和真菌是常见的微生物群落,它们与我们的皮肤形成一种平衡状态,对皮肤的健康起着重要的作用;但是当皮肤上的细菌和真菌的大量滋生时,会对皮肤造成一定的危害;如金黄色葡萄球菌、念珠菌等致病微生物的感染能够引发皮肤问题,导致红肿、瘙痒、疼痛、溃疡等不适症状;当细菌或真菌进入皮肤损伤的部位时,会引起炎症反应,导致局部红肿、发热和疼痛等症状,常见的例子有蜂窝组织炎、痤疮炎症反应等。
为了减少致病微生物对皮肤的损伤,目前大多数护肤品使用抗生素、植物提取物、植物精油等具有抗菌作用的成分添加其中,但是抗生素的使用容易导致抗生素残留、超级细菌出现、致病菌耐药性提高等多种问题;而植物提取物、植物精油对致病菌的作用时间长,起效浓度高,抗菌效果不佳等问题。因此,开发一种具有高效抗菌作用的组合物,有利于护肤品行业的发展。
抗菌肽又称抗微生物肽(Antimicrobial peptides)或肽抗生素(Peptideantibiotics),是生物体天然免疫系统的小分子肽(分子质量小于10ku),这类小分子的产生源于生物体对病原体的防御,因而抗菌肽具有宽的抑菌谱,对真菌、大多数革兰氏阴性和阳性菌有抑制作用。
此外,抗菌肽还具有杀菌速度快、不易被蛋白酶水解等特点。对比其他蛋白,抗菌肽兼具环保性和较广的抑菌谱,在化妆品行业中具有较好的应用前景。
本发明的研究重点是如何将抗菌肽有效的利用在护肤品中,使其发挥高效抑菌的作用。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足,本发明的目的在于提供一种具有高效抗菌作用的组合物,且该组合物能够常温下保存较长时间,符合实际使用场景。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供以下技术方案:
第一方面,本发明提供了一种含有蚕丝抗菌肽的组合物,包括以下质量份数的组分:
优选地,包括以下质量份数组分:
更具体地,所述多糖包裹剂为壳聚糖、α-环状糊精、海藻酸钠和羧甲基纤维素组成的混合物,质量比为(2-3):(2-3):(2-3):1。
蚕丝抗菌肽具有广谱抗菌效果,对革兰氏阳性菌、部分革兰氏阴性菌具有很强的杀伤力,而对真菌和真核细胞没有毒性;该类多肽由35-39个氨基酸组成,序列N端含有很多碱性氨基酸,表现出比较强的碱性,在结构上呈现出双亲螺旋结构;序列的C端包含很多疏水性氨基酸,形成了疏水螺旋,两种不同的螺旋之间,由脯氨酸和甘氨酸结合形成铰链区,增加了结构的弹性。
蚕丝抗菌肽保存条件苛刻,一般情况下制成冻干剂的形式保存;但冻干剂制备时的冷冻干燥会对蚕丝抗菌肽的活性造成一定的损失。
冷冻干燥过程中会产生多种应力如低温应力、冻结应力、干燥应力,会使蚕丝抗菌肽中原来与水形成的分子间氢键断开,多肽链展开变性而失去生物活性。
本发明中添加多糖包裹剂是以多糖为塑型剂给蚕丝抗菌肽提供一个稳定多糖分子架,使之在制成冻干剂后有效控制蛋白多肽因应力的增加而导致的形态变化,减少抗菌肽的变性,提高抗菌肽冷冻干燥后的稳定性。
更具体地,所述稳定剂包括菜籽硬脂酸甘油酯、聚山梨酯-80、聚山梨醇酯-20、聚山梨醇酯-40中的至少一种。
更具体地,所述抗氧化剂为抗坏血酸、生育酚、谷胱甘肽中的至少一种。抗氧化剂的作用是减少抗菌肽在实际使用过程中氧化分解,防止其过快失活,延长使用时间。
第二方面,本发明提供了前述的含有蚕丝抗菌肽的组合物在化妆品中的应用。
第三方面,本发明提供了一种化妆品冻干制剂,包括前述的含有蚕丝抗菌肽的组合物;
以及油脂类组分、多元醇类组分中的至少一种。
具体地,所述的油脂类组分包含动物源油脂和/或植物源油脂;所述的多元醇类组分为甘油、丙二醇中的至少一种。
更具体地,所述的动物源油脂为黄油、水貂油、蛋黄油、羊毛脂油和角鲨烷中的至少一种;
所述的植物源油脂为乳木果油、夏威夷果油、霍霍巴籽油、橄榄油和椰子油中的至少一种。
第四方面,本发明提供了前述的冻干制剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)取配方量山茶叶提取物、鳄梨果提取物、蚕丝抗菌肽、多糖包裹剂、稳定剂、抗氧化剂,混合均匀过筛,得到混合物;
(2)取配方量的大豆卵磷脂加水溶解,得混合液;并将步骤(1)中的混合物加入混合液中,搅拌,得到冻干体系;
(3)将油脂类组分、多元醇类组分融化后加入步骤(2)的冻干体系中,超声乳化,得到载有油脂的冻干体系;
(4)将步骤(3)中得到的载有油脂类组分、多元醇类组分的冻干体系进行塑型,冻干处理后得到所述的冻干制剂。
本发明中:
山茶叶提取物中含有丰富的儿茶素、黄酮类化合物和茶多酚等多酚类化合物;具有抗氧化、抗炎、抗菌等多种功效。
鳄梨果提取物即为牛油果提取物,鳄梨果提取物可以作为黄嘌呤氧化酶的抑制剂,对黄嘌呤-黄嘌呤氧化酶体系产生的超氧自由基有清除作用,具有活肤作用,可用于抗衰老和保湿。
山茶叶提取物和鳄梨果提取物富含抗炎因子,可以减轻炎症反应,对炎症相关疾病具有一定的缓解作用。山茶叶提取物中的儿茶素类化合物具有一定的抗菌活性,可以对多种真菌细菌具有抑制作用。鳄梨果提取物富含天然油脂、维生素和抗氧化剂,能够提供滋润和保湿效果,减少过敏刺激反应,山茶叶提取物和鳄梨果提取物二者协同作用下,减少整个蚕丝抗菌肽冻干体系在皮肤驻留时的刺激反应。
本发明研究发现鳄梨果提取物能够提高冻干体系的稳定性,未添加鳄梨果提取物的冻干体系需要添加氨基酸来作为抗菌肽的保护剂,避免蚕丝抗菌肽在冷冻干燥时由于应力的增加而变性;鳄梨果提取物富含氨基酸,包括谷氨酸、丙氨酸、赖氨酸、精氨酸、异亮氨酸等多种常见的氨基酸,不仅能够给抗菌肽起到保护剂的作用,还能提供抗氧化成分,增加抗菌肽冻干体系保存时限。
本发明的有益效果:
1.本发明提供的配方组分能够提高冻干体系的稳定性,其中鳄梨果提取物富含氨基酸,包括谷氨酸、丙氨酸、赖氨酸、精氨酸、异亮氨酸等多种常见的氨基酸,不仅能够给蚕丝抗菌肽起到保护剂的作用,同时还能促进蚕丝抗菌肽抑菌的作用;山茶叶提取物富含抗氧化成分,减少蚕丝抗菌肽在复水使用过程被过快的氧化分解,增加抗菌肽作用时限。
2.本发明公开的配方组分中的多糖包裹剂和鳄梨果提取物二者能够协同作用,防止蚕丝抗菌肽在冷冻干燥过程中因应力改变而造成的失活。
3.本发明提供的冻干制剂组合物对炎症因子TNF-α具有显著的抑制效果;冻干制剂组合物稀释浓度10%对炎症因子TNF-α的抑制率达到了19.053%,具有较好的抗炎作用。
4.本发明公开的组合物稳定性较好,符合实际使用场景的要求。
具体实施方式
为更好地说明本发明的目的、技术方案和优点,下面将结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明。本领域技术人员应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
实施例和对比例中所用的试验方法如无特殊说明,均为常规方法;所用的材料、试剂等,如无特殊说明,均可从商业途径得到;实施例和对比例中所提及的百分比,如无特殊说明,均为质量百分比。
本发明中:
山茶叶提取物为山茶(CAMELLIA JAPONICA)叶提取物,购自西安森冉生物工程有限公司;
鳄梨果提取物为鳄梨(PERSEA GRATISSIMA)果提取物,CAS号为84695-98-7,购自江苏多阳生物工程科技有限公司。
蚕丝抗菌肽为天蚕素抗菌肽B,英文名称为Cecropin B,CAS号为203265-23-0,购自杭州固拓生物科技有限公司。
实施例和对比例的制备
实施例1-6的制备:
步骤(1),按表1中的质量份取山茶叶提取物、鳄梨果提取物、蚕丝抗菌肽、多糖包裹剂、稳定剂、抗氧化剂,混合均匀过100目筛,得到混合物;
步骤(2),按表1质量份取大豆卵磷脂加水溶解,得混合液;并将步骤(1)中的混合物加入混合液中,在转速200rpm下搅拌40min,得到冻干体系;
步骤(3),按表2取质量份的油脂和/或多元醇后加入步骤(2)的冻干体系中,动物源性油脂需加热融化后加入,在45℃、300w下超声乳化60min,得到载有脂和/或醇的冻干体系;
步骤(4),将步骤(3)中得到的载有脂和/或醇的冻干体系倒入模具中,进行塑型,然后冻干处理后得到所述的实施例1-6。
表1
注:表中单位为质量份数,“——”表示无添加。
表2
注:表中单位为质量份数,“——”表示无添加。
对比例1-5的制备:
步骤(1),按表3中的质量份称取原料,与实施例制备方法步骤(1)相同,原料不同,得到混合物;
步骤(2),按表3质量份取大豆卵磷脂加水溶解,得混合液;
步骤(3),并将步骤(1)中的混合物加入混合液中(若无添加大豆卵磷脂,直接添加水),在转速200rpm下搅拌40min,得到冻干体系;
步骤(4),按表4取质量份的油脂和/或多元醇后加入步骤(2)的冻干体系中,动物源性油脂需加热融化后加入,在45℃、300w下超声乳化60min,得到载有脂和/或醇的冻干体系;
步骤(5),将步骤(4)中得到的载有脂和/或醇的冻干体系倒入模具中,进行塑型,然后冻干处理后得到所述的对比例1-5。
表3
注:表中单位为质量份数,“——”表示无添加。
表4
注:表中单位为质量份数,“——”表示无添加。
样品稳定性测试:
1.耐热保存测试:取冷冻干燥后实施例1-6和对比例1-5冻干制剂为稳定性待测样品11组,每组取3瓶放入40℃高温处理2周,2周后取出,与室温放置2周后的样品进行对比,观察颜色形态有无变化。
2.常温保存测试:取冷冻干燥后实施例1-6和对比例1-5冻干制剂为稳定性待测样品11组,每组取3瓶放入常温下处理4周,4周后取出,与初制备出来的样品进行对比,观察颜色形态有无变化。
耐热保存测试、常温保存测试均未观察到颜色改变、形态改变等现象,保持原来外观。
样品中蚕丝抗菌肽含量测定:
试验设备及材料:高效液相色谱仪(安捷伦1260Infinity IIPrime,带有四元梯度泵及多波长检测器)、反相色谱柱(C8)、电子天平、台式离心机、漩涡混合器、0.22μm有机相滤膜、三氟乙酸(TFA)、乙睛。
试剂配制:
提取液:量取500ml纯化水,向其中加入500ml无水乙醇,充分混匀,然后加入2mlTFA,再次混匀,密封保存。
流动相A:0.1%TFA。
流动相B:80%乙睛:量取800ml乙睛,加超纯水200ml,用移液器移取TFA0.85ml到乙睛-水溶液中,用0.22μm有机滤膜过滤,超声脱气10min。
流动相C:100%乙睛:量取1000ml乙睛,用0.22μm有机滤膜过滤,超声脱气10min。
设置检测参数:柱温22℃;检测波长280nm,最大压力200bar;流速1ml/min,样品分析洗脱梯度如表5所示。
表5
时间(min) | A% | B% | ml/min |
0.00 | 70.0 | 30.0 | 1 |
1.00 | 70.0 | 0.0 | 1 |
15.00 | 57.0 | 43.0 | 1 |
15.01 | 0 | 100.0 | 1 |
17.00 | 0 | 100.0 | 1 |
17.01 | 70.0 | 30.0 | 1 |
23.00 | 70.0 | 30.0 | 1 |
试验方案:
(1)对照品的配制:准确称量50.00mg蚕丝抗菌肽纯品与10ml离心管中,加入5ml提取液,与旋涡混合器上震荡3-5min,充分溶解后转移到100ml容量瓶中,用5ml提取液清洗离心管3次,清洗的液体液移入容量瓶中,然后用提取液定容至100ml。
(2)待测样品处理:分别准确称量实施例1-6和对比例1-5冻干制剂8.00g样品与50ml离心管中,加入20ml提取液,与旋涡混合器上震荡3-5min,充分溶解后转移到100ml容量瓶中,用20ml提取液清洗离心管3次,清洗的液体也移入容量瓶内,然后提取液定容至100ml,定容后,用超声处理15-30min。各取20ul注入高效液相色谱仪,外标法以峰面积计算,计算公式如下:
蚕丝抗菌肽(μg/g)=CR·(Ax/AR)·[样品定容体积(ml)/样品重量(g)]
式中:
AX为供试品的峰面积;
AR为对照品的峰面积;
CR为对照品的浓度(μg/ml)。
蚕丝抗菌肽测试结果如表6所示。
表6
组别 | 蚕丝抗菌肽含量(μg/g) |
实施例1 | 3.02 |
实施例2 | 13.24 |
实施例3 | 11.19 |
实施例4 | 11.11 |
实施例5 | 10.32 |
实施例6 | 10.70 |
对比例1 | 12.09 |
对比例2 | 4.32 |
对比例3 | 6.11 |
对比例4 | 3.68 |
对比例5 | 未检出 |
结果分析:
实施例6与对比例2、3、4对比可知,鳄梨果提取物能够提高冻干体系的稳定性,保护蚕丝抗菌肽在冷冻干燥过程中不变性不失活,使得抗菌肽冻干制剂在复水后效能不减;
实施例6与对比例4比较可知,多糖包裹剂有效降低了蚕丝抗菌肽在冷冻干燥后的变性,稳定抗菌肽活性。
抑菌活性鉴定:
待测样品:取实施例1-6和对比例1-5冻干制剂10g,用20ml无菌水复水溶解;空白对照组为无菌水。
指示菌:大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌。
试验方案:利用纸片浸润液扩散的方法对实施例1-6和对比例1-5冻干制剂进行抑菌活性的初步鉴定。将配制好的指示菌菌液(菌液活菌数106CFU/ml)分别均匀涂布在不同的LB固体培养基上,待菌液风干后将滤纸片均匀的贴于培养基上并轻压按实,取15μL各组待测样品依次滴加到滤纸片上,37℃恒温过夜培养,测量抑菌圈的直径,每组3个平行对照,取平均值。结果如表7所示。
表7
大肠杆菌抑菌圈(mm) | 金黄色葡萄球菌抑菌圈(mm) | |
实施例1 | 5.03 | 4.11 |
实施例2 | 10.06 | 9.60 |
实施例3 | 11.20 | 10.07 |
实施例4 | 10.11 | 10.22 |
实施例5 | 10.23 | 10.21 |
实施例6 | 10.12 | 11.35 |
对比例1 | 8.12 | 7.13 |
对比例2 | 4.80 | 3.15 |
对比例3 | 6.31 | 5.61 |
对比例4 | 3.05 | 4.11 |
对比例5 | 2.11 | 2.07 |
空白对照 | 0 | 0 |
结果分析:
从实施例6和对比例1-5中看出,本发明在配方中添加鳄梨果提取物能够提高整体冻干制剂的抑菌能力,由于鳄梨果提取物富含氨基酸,氨基酸中的丙氨酸、亮氨酸等脂肪族氨基酸能够促进蚕丝抗菌肽更好的发挥细胞穿膜作用,提高蚕丝抗菌肽的抑菌杀菌功能,鳄梨果提取物与蚕丝抗菌肽具有协同抑菌的功能。
炎症因子抑制实验:
待测样品:取一定量实施例1-6和对比例1-5冻干制剂和生理盐水,冻干制剂和生理盐水的质量比为1:9,复水溶解为乳液。
实验方法:采用RAW264.7巨噬细胞作为研究对象,通过脂多糖LPS(细菌内毒素)刺激细胞建立细胞炎症模型。接种巨噬细胞至12孔板,在培养箱以37℃、5%CO2通气量条件下孵育24h,分别加入溶解后的乳液,2h后加入LPS(1μg/ml),记为T1,并设置不添加稀释液只添加LPS的组记作T总以及不添加LPS只添加稀释液的组记作T0,刺激24h,收集上清液,离心,检测。采用ELISA试剂盒分析RAW264.7的促炎性炎症因子TNF-α释放量水平。
TNF-α抑制率由如下公式计算得到:
TNF-α抑制率(%)=[(T总-T1)/(T总-T0)]×100%。
TNF-α抑制率越高,说明待测样品的抗炎效果越好。TNF-α抑制测试结果如表8所示。
表8
组别 | TNF-α抑制率(%) |
实施例1 | 13.511 |
实施例2 | 17.337 |
实施例3 | 18.560 |
实施例4 | 18.014 |
实施例5 | 18.231 |
实施例6 | 19.053 |
对比例1 | 10.066 |
对比例2 | 11.521 |
对比例3 | 13.101 |
对比例4 | 9.622 |
对比例5 | 9.274 |
结果分析:
实施例1-6与对比例1-5相比可以确定,本发明提供的冻干制剂组合物对炎症因子TNF-α具有显著的抑制效果。实施例6的冻干制剂组合物稀释浓度10%、对炎症因子TNF-a的抑制率达到了19.053%,具有较好的抗炎作用。
最后所应当说明的是,以上实施例和对比例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对本发明保护范围的限制,尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明作了详细说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解,可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本发明技术方案的实质和范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种含有蚕丝抗菌肽的组合物,其特征在于,包括以下质量份数的组分:
2.根据权利要求1所述的含有蚕丝抗菌肽的组合物,其特征在于,包括以下质量份数的组分:
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的含有蚕丝抗菌肽的组合物,其特征在于,所述多糖包裹剂为壳聚糖、α-环状糊精、海藻酸钠和羧甲基纤维素组成的混合物,质量比为(2-3)∶(2-3)∶(2-3)∶1。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的含有蚕丝抗菌肽的组合物,其特征在于,所述稳定剂包括菜籽硬脂酸甘油酯、聚山梨酯-80、聚山梨醇酯-20、聚山梨醇酯-40中的至少一种。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的含有蚕丝抗菌肽的组合物,其特征在于,所述抗氧化剂为抗坏血酸、生育酚、谷胱甘肽中的至少一种。
6.权利要求1-5任一所述的含有蚕丝抗菌肽的组合物在化妆品中的应用。
7.一种化妆品冻干制剂,其特征在于:
包括权利要求1-5任一所述的含有蚕丝抗菌肽的组合物;
以及油脂类组分和/或多元醇类组分。
8.根据权利要求7所述的化妆品冻干制剂,其特征在于:
所述的油脂类组分包含动物源油脂和/或植物源油脂;
所述的多元醇类组分为甘油、丙二醇中的至少一种。
9.根据权利要求8所述的化妆品冻干制剂,其特征在于:所述的动物源油脂为黄油、水貂油、蛋黄油、羊毛脂油和角鲨烷中的至少一种;
所述的植物源油脂为乳木果油、夏威夷果油、霍霍巴籽油、橄榄油和椰子油中的至少一种。
10.根据权利要求7-9任一所述的冻干制剂的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
(1)取配方量山茶叶提取物、鳄梨果提取物、蚕丝抗菌肽、多糖包裹剂、稳定剂、抗氧化剂,混合均匀过筛,得到混合物;
(2)取配方量的大豆卵磷脂加水溶解,得混合液;并将步骤(1)中的混合物加入混合液中,搅拌,得到冻干体系;
(3)将油脂类组分、多元醇类组分融化后加入步骤(2)的冻干体系中,超声乳化,得到载有油脂的冻干体系;
(4)将步骤(3)中得到的载有油脂类组分、多元醇类组分的冻干体系进行塑型,冻干处理后得到所述的冻干制剂。
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