CN116998634A - Artificial feed for tuna in yellow fins and domestication and feeding method - Google Patents
Artificial feed for tuna in yellow fins and domestication and feeding method Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
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- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
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- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K40/30—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by encapsulating; by coating
Abstract
The invention discloses artificial feed for tuna with yellow fins and a domestication and feeding method. Belonging to the technical field of special feed for aquaculture and deep water cage culture. The artificial feed comprises feed emulsion and collagen casing; the feed emulsion comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 50-60% of whole fish paste of decapterus maruadsi, 5-10% of fish meal, 10-20% of bovine bone meal, 4-8% of starch, 5-10% of fish oil and 0.5-1% of Chinese herbal medicine additive. The domestication feeding method is to mix and feed the iced fresh fish and the artificial feed, and gradually increase the feeding proportion of the artificial feed until the artificial feed is fed completely. The artificial feed for the tuna with the fin-shaped fins effectively improves the quality of the feed, improves the utilization rate of the feed, reduces the environmental pollution caused by the traditional feed, overcomes the problems that the fresh-in-ice bait fish is unstable in nutrition and can carry pathogenic microorganisms, is easy to store for a long time and operate at sea, can be matched with an automatic feeding machine for feeding, and is safe, reliable, energy-saving and environment-friendly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of special feed for aquaculture and deep water cage culture, in particular to artificial feed for tuna in yellow fins and a domestication feeding method.
Background
The tuna with the yellow fins is fed by only using the iced fresh trash fish at present in China, and no special artificial feed is provided. However, when the iced fresh trash fish is used as the feed for the tuna with yellow fins for cultivation, the problems of unbalanced nutrition, poor nutrition quality, high feed coefficient, low survival rate, easiness in occurrence of diseases and the like exist.
The existing general artificial feed is extruded and puffed artificial pellet feed, and the shape, size and hardness of the feed are unacceptable for the yellow fin tuna, so that the feed has poor feeding effect and poor palatability, and cannot be used for feeding the yellow fin tuna for deep water cage culture.
In summary, how to provide artificial feed with strong palatability, relatively high receiving speed, stable nutrition and low feed coefficient for deep-water cage culture of tuna in yellow fins is a problem to be solved by the technicians in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides artificial feed for tuna with yellow fins and a domestication and feeding method. The water content of the feed is adjusted by changing the shape and the size (the length and the diameter), and the casing is adopted for shaping the feed components so as to overcome the problems.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an artificial feed for tuna with yellow fins comprises feed emulsion and collagen casing;
the feed emulsion comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 50-60% of whole fish paste of decapterus maruadsi, 5-10% of fish meal, 10-20% of bovine bone meal, 4-8% of starch, 5-10% of fish oil and 0.5-1% of Chinese herbal medicine additive.
Further, an artificial feed for tuna with yellow fins comprises feed emulsion and collagen casing;
the feed emulsion comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 60% of whole fish paste of decapterus maruadsi, 5% of fish meal, 20% of bovine bone meal, 4% of starch, 10% of fish oil and 1% of Chinese herbal medicine additive.
Further, the collagen casing is a commercially available product.
Further, the preparation method of the whole fish paste for the decapterus maruadsi comprises the following steps: the fresh whole carangid is washed by fresh water, the surface of the whole carangid is cleaned of impurity dirt, the whole carangid is cut off after being drained, the whole carangid is made into fish paste by an electric meat grinder, and the fish paste is put into a refrigeration house at the temperature of minus 18 ℃ for standby.
The fish meal is imported steam fish meal, the protein content is 65%, and the fat content is 8.58%.
The bovine bone powder is imported feed-grade bovine bone powder, is mainly prepared by processing bovine bone and beef offal, and has the protein content of 55-65%.
The starch is wheat starch.
Further, the Chinese herbal medicine additive consists of purslane, dandelion, hawthorn and allicin, and the mass ratio of the purslane to the dandelion to the hawthorn to the allicin is 1:1:1.
Further, the Chinese herbal medicine additive is prepared by mixing purslane, dandelion, hawthorn and allicin according to the weight ratio of 1:1:1:1 and grinding into powder.
Further, the artificial feed is spindle-shaped.
The beneficial effects are that: the collagen casing is adopted to shape the feed, the spindle-shaped feed is adopted to feed the feed into water, and the feed has the characteristic of small fish movement when sinking and has a feeding attraction effect on the tuna with the fin.
Further, the preparation method of the artificial feed comprises the following steps: the feed paste raw materials are stirred fully, and then the technological parameters are selected to be 300MPa and 25 ℃ and treated for 10 minutes. The feed emulsion material is subjected to ultra-high pressure sterilization (ultra-high pressure sterilization is used for ensuring that the feed is pathogen free) and then is shaped by adopting a collagen casing.
Further, the model is divided into a model one model, a model two model and a model three model;
the specification of the feed is as follows: the diameter of the head is 1-1.9 cm, the diameter of the tail is 0.5-1.9 cm, and the length is 2-5 cm;
the specification of the second feed is as follows: the diameter of the head is 2-2.4 cm, the diameter of the tail is 0.5-2.4 cm, and the length is 5-14 cm;
the three-type feed has the following specification: the diameter of the head is 2.5-6 cm, the diameter of the tail is 0.5-6 cm, and the length is 15-20 cm.
The spindle-shaped head, i.e. the thick portion, and the spindle-shaped tail, i.e. the thin portion.
Further, the specification of the first type feed is as follows: the diameter of the head is 1.5cm, the diameter of the tail is 1.4cm, and the length is 5cm;
the specification of the second feed is as follows: the diameter of the head is 2cm, the diameter of the tail is 1.4cm, and the length is 10cm;
the three-type feed has the following specification: the diameter of the head is 2.5cm, the diameter of the tail is 1.4cm, and the length is 15cm.
The domestication feeding method of the tuna with the fin is used for feeding the artificial feed, the iced fresh fish and the artificial feed are mixed and fed, and the feeding proportion of the artificial feed is gradually increased until the artificial feed is fed.
Further, the specific operation is as follows:
(1) 1-30 days: feeding 2-3 iced fresh fishes in the morning, attracting the yellow fin tuna to feed, then starting feeding 10 artificial feeds each time, feeding once every 2 minutes, and feeding the iced fresh fishes according to 3% of the weight after 20 minutes;
(2) 30-60 days: feeding the iced fresh fish and the artificial feed in a mixed manner, wherein 10 artificial feeds and 10 iced fresh fish are fed each time, and feeding intervals are 2 minutes each time until feeding behaviors of the tuna with the fin are stopped;
(3) 60-90 days: feeding artificial feed according to 2% of weight in the morning every day, and feeding ice fresh fish with 1% of weight;
(4) After 90 days: feeding is carried out by adopting a satiation feeding method, namely feeding is stopped after the feeding behavior of the tuna with the fin stops.
Further, the artificial feed model is selected according to the caliber size of the tuna with the following calculation mode:
u is the length of the upper jaw, L is the length of the lower jaw (as shown in FIG. 1);
the sizes of 45 degrees and 90 degrees of the jaw opening are calculated respectively during calculation, namely the bait diameter of the fin tuna which can ingest in the body length is:
the result of the calculation of the two formulas is taken as one of the two formulas.
Further, in the domestication and feeding process, the cultivation facilities and environmental parameters are as follows:
80-120 m Zhou Changwang box, net cage depth 7-12 m, open sea area or semi-open sea area with water depth 25-50 m;
the surface water temperature is 18-30 ℃, the salinity is 28-33 per mill, the dissolved oxygen is more than 6.5mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen is less than 0.01mg/L, the nitrite is less than 0.01mg/L, and the flow rate is less than 1.2m/s.
The artificial feed for tuna in the invention can be stored for 10 months at (-18 ℃) and refrigerated for about 1-2 days, and the normal temperature storage is 2 hours (the storage time is judged according to the phenotype change of the feed during storage, including color, smell and deterioration).
When the feed is used, the feed is used after thawing at normal temperature.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the artificial feed for the tuna with the fin-shaped fins effectively improves the quality of the feed, improves the utilization rate of the feed, reduces the environmental pollution caused by the traditional feed, overcomes the problems that the fresh-in-ice bait fish is unstable in nutrition and can carry pathogenic microorganisms, is easy to store for a long time and operate at sea, can be matched with an automatic feeding machine for feeding, and is safe, reliable, energy-saving and environment-friendly.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a drawing showing the caliber of a tuna with a fin according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a drawing showing an artificial feed prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the results of growth data in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing FCR results in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the result of survival rate in example 2 of the present invention;
figure 6 is a graph showing the results of the bait selectivity index in example 4 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The required medicament is a conventional experimental medicament and is purchased from a commercial channel; the test methods not mentioned are conventional test methods and will not be described in detail herein.
Example 1
An artificial feed for tuna with yellow fins comprises feed emulsion and collagen casing;
the feed emulsion comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 60% of whole fish paste of decapterus maruadsi, 5% of fish meal, 20% of bovine bone meal, 4% of starch, 10% of fish oil and 1% of Chinese herbal medicine additive.
The preparation method of the whole fish paste for the decapterus maruadsi comprises the following steps: the fresh whole carangid is washed by fresh water, the surface of the whole carangid is cleaned of impurity dirt, the whole carangid is cut off after being drained, the whole carangid is made into fish paste by an electric meat grinder, and the fish paste is put into a refrigeration house at the temperature of minus 18 ℃ for standby.
The fish meal is imported steam fish meal, the protein content is 65%, and the fat content is 8.58%.
The bovine bone powder is imported feed-grade bovine bone powder, is mainly prepared by processing bovine bone and beef offal, and has the protein content of 55-65%.
The starch is wheat starch.
The Chinese herbal medicine additive consists of purslane, dandelion, hawthorn and allicin, and the mass ratio of the purslane to the dandelion to the hawthorn to the allicin is 1:1:1.
The Chinese herbal medicine additive is prepared by mixing purslane, dandelion, hawthorn and allicin according to the weight ratio of 1:1:1:1 and grinding into powder.
The collagen casing is adopted to shape the feed, and the artificial feed is spindle-shaped.
The preparation method of the artificial feed comprises the following steps: after the feed paste raw materials are crushed and fully stirred, the technological parameters are 300MPa,25 ℃ and the feed paste raw materials are treated for 10 minutes. The feed emulsion material is subjected to ultra-high pressure sterilization (ultra-high pressure sterilization is used for ensuring that the feed is pathogen free) and then is shaped by adopting a collagen casing.
The artificial feed is divided into a first type, a second type and a third type;
the specification of the feed is as follows: the diameter of the head is 1-1.9 cm, the diameter of the tail is 0.5-1.9 cm, and the length is 2-5 cm;
the specification of the second feed is as follows: the diameter of the head is 2-2.4 cm, the diameter of the tail is 0.5-2.4 cm, and the length is 5-14 cm;
the three-type feed has the following specification: the diameter of the head is 2.5-6 cm, the diameter of the tail is 0.5-6 cm, and the length is 15-20 cm.
The prepared artificial feed picture is shown in fig. 2.
Example 2
The test time is 2022, 4 months to 2023, 7 months, the test cultivation period is 15 months, and an open sea area with the perimeter of 80 meters, the depth of the net cage of 7 meters and the water depth of 25 meters is adopted. The water temperature of the surface is 20-28 ℃, the salinity is 33 per mill, the dissolved oxygen is more than 6.5mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen is less than 0.01mg/L, the nitrite is less than 0.01mg/L, and the flow rate is less than 1m/s.
And feeding the iced fresh trash fish in the whole process of treatment 1.
Treatment 2 artificial feed prepared in example 1 was fed by the domestication feeding method of the present invention, specifically as follows:
(1) 1-30 days: feeding 2-3 iced fresh fishes in the morning, attracting the yellow fin tuna to feed, then starting feeding 10 artificial feeds each time, feeding once every 2 minutes, and feeding the iced fresh fishes according to 3% of the weight after 20 minutes;
(2) 30-60 days: feeding the iced fresh fish and the artificial feed in a mixed manner, wherein 10 artificial feeds and 10 iced fresh fish are fed each time, and feeding intervals are 2 minutes each time until feeding behaviors of the tuna with the fin are stopped;
(3) 60-90 days: feeding artificial feed according to 2% of weight in the morning every day, and feeding ice fresh fish with 1% of weight;
(4) After 90 days: feeding is carried out by adopting a satiation feeding method, namely feeding is stopped after the feeding behavior of the tuna with the fin stops.
The artificial feed is of a type.
The nutrition of the feed for the two treatment groups was compared and the growth data for tuna in fin.
The data were subjected to differential significance analysis using independent sample T-test, and the results are shown in tables 1, 2, fig. 3, fig. 4, and fig. 5.
Table 1 nutrient comparison of iced fresh fish feeds and artificial feeds
| Fresh frozen trash fish feed (%) | Artificial feed (%) | |
| Crude protein | 22.94 | 35.44 |
| Crude fat | 9.01 | 16.91 |
| Moisture content | 63.07 | 40.2 |
| Ash content | 4.98 | 7.45 |
Table 2 comparison of growth data of tuna with yellow fins
Note that: the calculation formula of the feed coefficient is as follows:
feed coefficient = feed consumption/weight gain x 100%.
Each of the above treatments had 5 sets of data, which were 5 replicates.
The data in the graph are the average of 5 sets of data.
From the above results, it can be seen that:
1) The crude egg fat of the artificial feed is significantly higher than that of the fresh and frozen mixed fish feed.
2) There was no significant difference in initial body weight, and there was no significant difference in body weight (P > 0.05) between the iced fresh fish group and the artificial feed group at the end of the test.
3) The Feed Coefficient (FCR) artificial feed group was significantly lower than the iced fresh fish feed group (P < 0.05).
4) The survival rate of the artificial feed group is obviously higher than that of the iced fresh trash fish feed group (P < 0.05).
In conclusion, on the premise of not affecting the growth speed, the artificial feed obviously improves the survival rate of the cultivation of the tuna with the yellow fins and reduces the feed coefficient.
Example 3
General seawater fish feed formula
Formula 1: 28.11 to 32.11 parts of white fish meal, 28.11 to 32.11 parts of casein, 2.79 to 4.79 parts of fish oil, 1.77 to 3.77 parts of soybean oil, 10.73 to 14.73 parts of corn starch, 2.00 to 3.00 parts of vitamin mixture, 1.00 to 2.00 parts of mineral mixture, 0.25 to 0.75 part of vitamin C phosphate, 0.15 to 0.45 part of choline chloride and 13.69 to 17.69 parts of cellulose (calculated by weight parts).
Formula 2: 41.7% of fish meal, 10% of corn meal, 10% of small peptide, 8% of soybean meal, 8% of yeast powder, 16% of high gluten flour, 4% of fish oil, 2% of soybean oil, 0.1% of multivitamin for voronoi, 0.1% of voronoi clear polymineral and 0.1% of voronoi compound probiotics (in mass percent).
Formula 3: 45% of fish meal, 17% of soybean protein concentrate, 23% of flour, 8% of fish oil, 1% of compound mineral (without zinc), 1% of compound vitamin, 1% of soybean lecithin, 0.4% of betaine, 3% of beer yeast, 0.5% of choline chloride and 0.1% of antioxidant (in mass percent).
The feed of the formula is an expanded or extruded feed, and the main shape of the feed is granular.
The young tuna is fed with the feed, basically not selected, and can be spitted out for palatability after occasional selection.
In summary, the main problems of the existing general artificial feed are low water content, high hardness and poor palatability, which results in poor selectivity of young tuna with yellow fins to the existing artificial feed.
Example 4
With respect to the existing feeds, which are basically pellet feeds in shape, the shape appearance is quite different from the present invention by extrusion or expansion. Because of the technical problem, the artificial feed for large fishes is generally cake-shaped, and is mainly considered to be convenient to dry.
In selecting the shape of the feed, the inventors conducted screening experiments (feed emulsion was different from example 1 only in shape). Experimental shapes include spherical, triangular, rectangular, cylindrical, spindle-shaped.
Different forms of feeds are manufactured by adopting the same formula for 90 days of domestication and cultivation respectively, and in order to avoid the damage of the feed form after the fish swallows, different colors of food pigments are embedded in the center of each feed for tracking the result.
The bait selection calculation formula is as follows:
the hunting selectivity formula is:
selectivity = (r-p)/(r + p), wherein,
r is the percentage of the bait type in the alimentary canal of each fish, and p is the percentage of the bait type when feeding. The index may be between-1.00 and +1.00, indicating a completely avoided and exclusive selection, respectively (Ivlev 1961).
The results are shown in FIG. 6.
Over time, the selectivity of young tuna with yellow fins to columnar and spindle-shaped feeds was improved, and the experimental results for 90 days showed that the selectivity of columnar and spindle-shaped tuna was significantly higher than that of other shapes.
In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. An artificial feed for tuna in yellow fins is characterized by comprising feed emulsion and collagen casings;
the feed emulsion comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 50-60% of whole fish paste of decapterus maruadsi, 5-10% of fish meal, 10-20% of bovine bone meal, 4-8% of starch, 5-10% of fish oil and 0.5-1% of Chinese herbal medicine additive.
2. An artificial feed for tuna in accordance with claim 1, comprising a feed emulsion and a collagen casing;
the feed emulsion comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 60% of whole fish paste of decapterus maruadsi, 5% of fish meal, 20% of bovine bone meal, 4% of starch, 10% of fish oil and 1% of Chinese herbal medicine additive.
3. The artificial feed for tuna with yellow fins according to any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the Chinese herbal medicine additive consists of purslane, dandelion, hawthorn and allicin, and the mass ratio of the four is 1:1:1:1.
4. An artificial diet for tuna in accordance with any one of claims 1 or 2, wherein said diet is spindle-shaped.
5. The artificial feed for tuna with yellow fins according to claim 4, wherein the artificial feed is divided into a first model, a second model and a third model;
the specification of the feed is as follows: the diameter of the head is 1-1.9 cm, the diameter of the tail is 0.5-1.9 cm, and the length is 2-5 cm;
the specification of the second feed is as follows: the diameter of the head is 2-2.4 cm, the diameter of the tail is 0.5-2.4 cm, and the length is 5-14 cm;
the three-type feed has the following specification: the diameter of the head is 2.5-6 cm, the diameter of the tail is 0.5-6 cm, and the length is 15-20 cm.
6. The artificial feed for tuna in accordance with claim 4, wherein the feed of type one has the following specifications: the diameter of the head is 1.5cm, the diameter of the tail is 1.4cm, and the length is 5cm;
the specification of the second feed is as follows: the diameter of the head is 2cm, the diameter of the tail is 1.4cm, and the length is 10cm;
the three-type feed has the following specification: the diameter of the head is 2.5cm, the diameter of the tail is 1.4cm, and the length is 15cm.
7. The domestication feeding method of tuna in fin, characterized in that the artificial feed according to any one of claims 1 or 2 is fed, the iced fresh fish and the artificial feed are mixed and fed, and the feeding proportion of the artificial feed is gradually increased until the artificial feed is fed.
8. The domestication feeding method of claim 7, comprising the steps of:
(1) 1-30 days: feeding 2-3 iced fresh fishes in the morning, attracting the yellow fin tuna to feed, then starting feeding 10 artificial feeds each time, feeding once every 2 minutes, and feeding the iced fresh fishes according to 3% of the weight after 20 minutes;
(2) 30-60 days: feeding the iced fresh fish and the artificial feed in a mixed manner, wherein 10 artificial feeds and 10 iced fresh fish are fed each time, and feeding intervals are 2 minutes each time until feeding behaviors of the tuna with the fin are stopped;
(3) 60-90 days: feeding artificial feed according to 2% of weight in the morning every day, and feeding ice fresh fish with 1% of weight;
(4) After 90 days: feeding is carried out by adopting a satiation feeding method, namely feeding is stopped after the feeding behavior of the tuna with the fin stops.
9. The domestication feeding method of claim 7, wherein the artificial feed model is selected according to the caliber size of the tuna, and the caliber size of the tuna is calculated as follows:
u is the length of the upper jaw, L is the length of the lower jaw;
the sizes of 45 degrees and 90 degrees of the jaw opening are calculated respectively during calculation, namely the bait diameter of the fin tuna which can ingest in the body length is:
10. the domestication feeding method of claim 7, wherein during the domestication feeding, the cultivation facilities and environmental parameters are as follows:
80-120 m Zhou Changwang box, net cage depth 7-12 m, open sea area or semi-open sea area with water depth 25-50 m;
the surface water temperature is 18-30 ℃, the salinity is 28-33 per mill, the dissolved oxygen is more than 6.5mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen is less than 0.01mg/L, the nitrite is less than 0.01mg/L, and the flow rate is less than 1.2m/s.
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