CN111919812A - Indoor domestication and cultivation device and method for wild juvenile tuna of yellow fin - Google Patents

Indoor domestication and cultivation device and method for wild juvenile tuna of yellow fin Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111919812A
CN111919812A CN202010971778.2A CN202010971778A CN111919812A CN 111919812 A CN111919812 A CN 111919812A CN 202010971778 A CN202010971778 A CN 202010971778A CN 111919812 A CN111919812 A CN 111919812A
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China
Prior art keywords
water
domestication
pond
tuna
domestication pond
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Pending
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CN202010971778.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
马振华
于刚
周胜杰
杨蕊
方伟
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Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute
South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy Fishery Sciences
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Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute
South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy Fishery Sciences
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Priority to CN202010971778.2A priority Critical patent/CN111919812A/en
Publication of CN111919812A publication Critical patent/CN111919812A/en
Priority to AU2020103846A priority patent/AU2020103846A4/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/003Aquaria; Terraria
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/10Culture of aquatic animals of fish
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/04Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/04Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
    • A01K63/042Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/04Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
    • A01K63/045Filters for aquaria
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/06Arrangements for heating or lighting in, or attached to, receptacles for live fish
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F9/00Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/001Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/30Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
    • C02F1/32Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/16Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/16Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
    • C02F2101/166Nitrites
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/20Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from animal husbandry
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2303/00Specific treatment goals
    • C02F2303/04Disinfection
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02Aerobic processes
    • C02F3/10Packings; Fillings; Grids
    • C02F3/109Characterized by the shape
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/34Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

Abstract

The invention provides an indoor domestication and culture device and method for wild juvenile tunas of yellow fin tunas, belonging to the technical field of aquaculture, wherein the device comprises a domestication pond 1 with an opening at the top; the bottom of the domestication pond 1 is provided with a water outlet 2; from the water outlet 2, a water discharge pipeline 3, a water purification treatment component 4, a water pump 5, a water inlet pipeline 6 positioned at the top of the domestication pond 1 and an ultraviolet disinfection component 7 positioned in the domestication pond 1 are sequentially communicated along the water circulation direction; an illumination assembly 8 is arranged above the domestication pond 1; and an oxygenation assembly 9 is arranged at the bottom of the domesticating pond 1. The device can successfully solve the technical problem that the young wild tuna finches cannot be domesticated and cultured in the indoor culture pond. The indoor domestication and cultivation of the wild juvenile tuna of the yellow fin is realized for the first time.

Description

Indoor domestication and cultivation device and method for wild juvenile tuna of yellow fin
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, in particular to an indoor domestication and cultivation device and method for wild juvenile tunas of yellow fin tunas.
Background
The yellow-fin tuna (Latin name: Thunnus albacares, English name: yellowfin tuna) belongs to Perciformes (Perciformes), Scombridae (Scombridae), and tuna (Thunnus) and is one of important fishery species in ocean fishing in the world. The tuna of the yellow fin is an important variety for fishing in the pacific region, and has extremely high economic value. At present, the artificial culture of the tuna finches is not developed yet domestically, mainly because of the problems of the tuna finches seedling culture technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an indoor domestication and cultivation device and method for wild juvenile tuna finfish.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides an indoor domestication and cultivation device for wild juvenile tunas of yellow fin tunas, which comprises a domestication pond 1 with an opening at the top; the bottom of the domestication pond 1 is provided with a water outlet 2; a drainage pipeline 3, a water purification treatment component 4, a water pump 5, a water inlet pipeline 6 positioned at the opening of the domestication pond 1 and an ultraviolet disinfection component 7 positioned in the domestication pond 1 are sequentially communicated from the drainage outlet 2 along the water circulation direction;
an illumination assembly 8 is arranged above the domestication pond 1; and an oxygenation assembly 9 is arranged at the bottom of the domesticating pond 1.
Preferably, the water purification treatment assembly 2 includes a treatment cylinder main body 2-1;
a water body filtering tray 2-2 is arranged above the top of the treatment cylinder main body 2-1; filter cotton 2-4 is paved in the water body filter tray 2-2; a filter frame 2-3 is arranged on the filter cotton 2-4; the drainage pipeline 3 is communicated with the filter frame 2-3;
a plurality of biological balls are placed in the treatment cylinder main body 2-1; an air explosion assembly 2-5 is also arranged in the treatment cylinder main body 2-1;
the bottom of the treatment cylinder main body 2-1 is provided with a water return port 2-6 with a filter screen; the water return ports 2-6 are communicated with a water inlet pipeline 6.
Preferably, the ultraviolet disinfection component 7 comprises a main tube 7-1 for flowing water and an ultraviolet lamp tube 7-2 positioned inside the main tube 7-1; two ends of the main body pipe 7-1 are fixed with conversion ports 7-3; copper pipes 7-4 are arranged outside the main body pipe 7-1 at intervals along the flowing direction of the water body.
Preferably, the highest position of the water purification treatment component 4 is equal to the water outlet 2 or lower than the water outlet 2.
Preferably, the lighting assembly 8 includes a halogen lamp 8-1 and a timer for controlling a switching time of the halogen lamp 8-1.
Preferably, the shape of the domesticating pond 1 is cylindrical; the inner diameter of the domestication pond 1 is 4-6 m, and the depth is 1.5-2.5 m.
The invention also provides an indoor domestication and cultivation method of the wild juvenile tuna of the tuna finfish based on the device in the scheme, which comprises the following steps:
starting the water pump 5;
throwing the captured wild young tunas of the yellow fin tuna with water into the domestication pond 1 for domestication;
the domesticated lighting program comprises: starting the lighting assembly 5 for light supplement within 0-72 h of the putting time, and keeping the illumination all day long; after 72 hours of putting, the illumination condition is 14 hours of illumination and 10 hours of darkness;
the domesticated training feeding program comprises: feeding fish fillets for 72 hours to train young fish to eat; feeding for 1 time at intervals of 2-4 min at the feeding frequency, wherein the number of fish fillets fed for each time is 2-6; the training time is 5-7 d, and the training time is 2h every day.
Preferably, the temperature of the domesticated water is 28-31 ℃, and the ammonia nitrogen content of the water body<0.02mg/L, nitrite content of water body<0.05mg/L, dissolved oxygen amount of water body>5.8mg/L, the pH value of the water body is 7.8-8.1, and the water exchange capacity is 8.0-8.3 m3/h。
Preferably, the method further comprises the step of feeding the acutus micropterus in the domestication pond 1 for feeding 25-35 days before feeding; the water body in the domestication pond 1 is seawater, and the salinity of the seawater is 33 per mill; the water body is added with seawater nitrobacteria.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides an indoor domestication and cultivation device for wild juvenile tunas of yellow fin tunas, which comprises a domestication pond 1 with an opening at the top; the bottom of the domestication pond 1 is provided with a water outlet 2; a drainage pipeline 3, a water purification treatment component 4, a water pump 5, a water inlet pipeline 6 positioned at the opening of the domestication pond 1 and an ultraviolet disinfection component 7 positioned in the domestication pond 1 are sequentially communicated from the drainage outlet 2 along the water circulation direction; an illumination assembly 8 is arranged above the domestication pond 1; and an oxygenation assembly 9 is arranged at the bottom of the domesticating pond 1. In the invention, the water in the domestication pond 1 is pressed into a drainage pipeline 3 from the bottom of the domestication pond 1 under the action of gravity, the drained water is purified by a water purification treatment component 4 to remove ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in the water, the purified pond water is pressurized by a water pump 5 and flows back to the domestication pond 1 through a water inlet pipeline 6 and an ultraviolet disinfection component 7; the ultraviolet disinfection component 7 can disinfect the reflowing water body. In the invention, the lighting assembly 8 can be used for regulating and controlling the lighting condition of indoor domestication and cultivation of wild young tunas of the yellow fin tunas, and the lighting period is regulated by supplementing light at the domestication initial stage, so that the condition that the size and the structure of the domestication pond are unknown at the domestication initial stage of the young tunas, the young tunas collide with the wall to die after swimming quickly, and the survival rate of the young tunas can be further improved. According to the invention, the water purification treatment component 4 can reduce ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in water, prevent fish from poisoning ammonia nitrogen and nitrite, filter particulate matters in water and ensure water quality.
The device can successfully solve the technical problem that the young wild tuna finches cannot be domesticated and cultured in the indoor culture pond. The indoor domestication and cultivation of the wild juvenile tuna of the yellow fin is realized for the first time.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an indoor domestication and cultivation device for wild juvenile tuna of the yellow fin, wherein 1 represents a domestication pond, 2 represents a water discharge port, 3 represents a water discharge pipeline, 4 represents a water purification treatment component, 5 represents a water pump, 6 represents a water inlet pipeline, 7 represents an ultraviolet disinfection component, 8 represents an illumination component, and 9 represents an oxygenation component;
fig. 2 is a side view of the domestication pond 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a top view of a water purification treatment module 4, wherein 2-1 denotes a treatment tank main body, 2-2 denotes a water body filtration tray, 2-3 denotes a filtration frame, 2-4 denotes a filtration cotton, 2-5 denotes an aeration module, 2-6 denotes a water return port, and 3 denotes a drain pipe;
FIG. 4 is a pictorial view of water purification treatment assembly 4;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the ultraviolet sterilizing module 7, wherein 7-1 indicates a main tube, 7-2 indicates an ultraviolet lamp tube, 7-3 indicates a switching port, 7-4 indicates a copper tube, and S indicates a water flow direction;
FIG. 6 is a pictorial view of the UV sterilization module, wherein 7-1 represents a main tube and 7-4 represents a copper tube;
fig. 7 shows the statistics of survival rate of young wild tuna finches according to the methods of example 1 and comparative example 1.
Detailed Description
The invention provides an indoor domestication and cultivation device for wild juvenile tunas of yellow fin tunas, which comprises a domestication pond 1 with an opening at the top; the bottom of the domestication pond 1 is provided with a water outlet 2; a drainage pipeline 3, a water purification treatment component 4, a water pump 5, a water inlet pipeline 6 positioned at the opening of the domestication pond 1 and an ultraviolet disinfection component 7 positioned in the domestication pond 1 are sequentially communicated from the drainage outlet 2 along the water circulation direction; an illumination assembly 8 is arranged above the domestication pond 1; and an oxygenation assembly 9 is arranged at the bottom of the domesticating pond 1.
In the present invention, the structural schematic diagram of the apparatus is shown in fig. 1, wherein 1 denotes a domestication pond, 2 denotes a water discharge outlet, 3 denotes a water discharge pipeline, 4 denotes a water purification treatment assembly, 5 denotes a water pump, 6 denotes a water inlet pipeline, 7 denotes an ultraviolet sterilization assembly, 8 denotes a lighting assembly, and 9 denotes an oxygen increasing assembly.
In the present invention, the shape of the domestication pond 1 is preferably cylindrical; the inner diameter of the domestication pond 1 is preferably 4-6 m, and more preferably 5 m; the depth of the domestication pond 1 is preferably 1.5-2.5 m, and more preferably 2 m; the wall thickness of the domesticating pond 1 is not particularly limited, and the domesticating pond can be set conventionally in the field; the material of the walls and the bottom of the domestication pond 1 is preferably concrete; an anti-escape net is preferably arranged above the edge of the domestication pond in an enclosing manner; the material of the anti-escape net is preferably polyester resin; the height of the anti-escape net is preferably 70-80 cm, and more preferably 75 cm.
In one embodiment of the invention, a side view of the domestication pond 1 is seen in FIG. 2.
In the present invention, the water outlet 2 is preferably arranged beside the oxygen increasing assembly 9, and the distance from the oxygen increasing assembly 9 is preferably 25 cm; the shape of the drain opening 2 is preferably circular; the diameter of the water outlet 2 is preferably 10-15 cm, and more preferably 12 cm; the number of the drain ports 2 is preferably 1 per 1 domesticated pond.
In the invention, the diameter of the drainage pipeline 3 is preferably 11-12 cm. The invention has no special limitation on the connection mode of the drainage pipeline 3 and the drainage outlet 2, and adopts the conventional connection mode in the field, so as to avoid water leakage.
In the present invention, the water purification treatment assembly 4 preferably comprises a treatment cylinder main body 2-1 opened at the upper side; the shape of the treatment cylinder main body 2-1 is preferably rectangular parallelepiped; the length of the treatment cylinder main body 2-1 is preferably 2-3 m, more preferably 2.5m, the width is preferably 2-3 m, more preferably 2.5m, and the height is preferably 1-2 m, more preferably 1.5 m; the number ratio of the treatment cylinder main body 2-1 to the domestication pond 1 is preferably 1: 1. in the present invention, the highest position of the water purification treatment component 4 is equal to the water discharge port 2 or lower than the water discharge port 2.
In the invention, the water purification treatment component 4 preferably further comprises a water replenishing pipe, in the specific implementation process of the invention, the inside of the treatment cylinder main body 2-1 is subjected to decontamination irregularly, and the water is replenished to a normal water level by the water replenishing pipe after decontamination; the number of the water replenishing pipes is preferably 1/1 water purification treatment component 4; the water replenishing pipe is preferably disposed above the top of the treatment cylinder main body 2-1.
In the invention, a water body filtering tray 2-2 which is not in contact with the cylinder main body is arranged above the top of the treatment cylinder main body 2-1; 2-3 stainless steel pipes which are horizontally arranged are fixed on the side wall of the treatment cylinder main body 2-1; the filtering tray 2-2 is placed on the stainless steel pipe; the shape of the bottom mesh of the filtering tray is preferably circular, and the diameter of the bottom mesh of the filtering tray is preferably 1 cm; the number of the filter trays 2-2 is preferably 3 per 1 treatment cylinder main body 2-1.
In the invention, 2-3 layers of filter cotton 2-4 are paved in each water body filtering tray 2-2; the thickness of each layer of the filter cotton is preferably 1mm from 2 to 4; the filter cotton 2-4 is used for filtering micro particles; in the practice of the present invention, the filter cotton preferably comprises aquarium filter cotton conventional in the art.
In the invention, a filter frame 2-3 is preferably arranged on the filter cotton 2-4; the shape of the meshes of the filter frames 2-3 is preferably square; the specification of the mesh is preferably 5mm × 5 mm; the shape of the bottom of the filter frame 2-3 is preferably circular, and the diameter is preferably 15 cm; the shape of the upper opening of the filter frame 2-3 is preferably circular, and the diameter is preferably 30 cm.
In the invention, 2-4 parts of filter cotton are paved in each filter frame; in the invention, the drainage pipeline 3 is communicated with the filter frame 2-3; the drain pipeline 3 preferably comprises a main pipe and a branch pipe; each main pipe is preferably provided with 3 branch pipes, and 3 straight pipes are respectively introduced into 3 filter frames 2-3; the diameter of the branch pipe is preferably 85-95 mm, and more preferably 90 mm.
In the invention, the bottom of the treatment cylinder main body 2-1 is provided with a water return port 2-6 with a filter screen; the water return port 2-6 is preferably positioned in the middle of the bottom of the treatment cylinder main body 2-1; the diameter of the water return port 2-6 is preferably 15-25 cm, and is further preferably 20 cm; the mesh size of the filter screen is preferably 1mm multiplied by 1.5 mm; in the specific implementation process of the invention, the filter screen is replaced once a day; the water return ports 2-6 are communicated with a water inlet pipeline 6.
In the invention, a plurality of biological balls are arranged in the treatment cylinder main body 2-1 and are used for nitrifying bacteria to attach to and treat ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in water; the biosphere is preferably a K2 biosphere; the diameter of the K2 bio-sphere is preferably 12-18 mm, and is further preferably 15 mm; the K2 biosphere is from conventional commercial sources; in the specific implementation process of the invention, the K2 bio-ball is purchased from the following website: https:// item.jd.com/71617004350. html.
In the invention, the inside of the processing cylinder main body 2-1 is preferably also provided with an air explosion assembly 2-5; the aeration components 2-5 preferably comprise aeration discs or aeration pipes; the aeration component 2-5 is preferably arranged around the water return port 2-6; the distance from the center of the water return opening is preferably 20-30 cm, and more preferably 25 cm. In the invention, the aeration component 2-5 is used for aerating water body, so that the biological balls can be rolled in the system sufficiently, return water and the biological balls can be in full contact in the treatment cylinder main body 2-1, and further ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in water can be removed sufficiently.
In the present invention, a schematic view of a top view structure of the water purification treatment assembly 4 is shown in fig. 3, wherein 2-1 denotes a treatment tank main body, 2-2 denotes a water body filtering tray, 2-3 denotes a filtering frame, 2-4 denotes filtering cotton, 2-5 denotes an aeration assembly, 2-6 denotes a water return port, and 3 denotes a water discharge pipe.
In one embodiment of the present invention, a physical diagram of the water purification treatment assembly 4 is shown in fig. 4. In the specific implementation process of the invention, water discharged from a water outlet in the domestication pond 1 enters a filter frame 2-3 of a water purification treatment component through a water discharge pipeline 3, and is sequentially filtered by the filter frame 2-3 and filter cotton 2-4, solid large-particle residual bait and excrement are left on the filter frame, suspended micro particles are left on the filter cotton, the purified water body enters a treatment tank main body 2-1 through a filter hole of a water body filter tray, and return water and biological balls can be fully contacted in the treatment tank main body 2-1 under the action of an aeration component 2-5, so that ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in the water are fully removed.
In the invention, the water pump 5 is used for lifting the water treated by the water purification treatment component 4 to the domesticating pond 1.
In the present invention, the inner diameter of the inlet pipe 6 is preferably 63 mm.
In the present invention, the ultraviolet disinfection component 7 preferably comprises a main tube 7-1 for flowing water and an ultraviolet lamp tube 7-2 positioned inside the main tube 7-1; two ends of the main tube 7-1 are fixedly provided with switching ports 7-3, one side of the switching port is connected with the water inlet pipeline 6, the other side of the switching port is connected with the water outlet, and the switching ports 7-3 are used for fixing ultraviolet lamp tubes; the main pipe is preferably made of PVC; the color of the main tube is preferably blue and opaque; the electric wire of the ultraviolet lamp tube 7-2 is connected out of the water outlet and is connected with a power supply; copper pipes 7-4 are arranged near the water outlet at intervals along the flowing direction of the water body; the distance between the copper pipe and the water outlet is preferably 25-35 cm, and further preferably 30 cm; the copper pipe has the function of slowly oxidizing and ionizing copper, and trace copper has a sterilization effect in the system.
In the present invention, the structural schematic diagram of the ultraviolet disinfection component 7 is shown in fig. 5, wherein 7-1 represents a main tube, 7-2 represents an ultraviolet lamp tube, 7-3 represents a switching port, 7-4 represents a copper tube, and S represents a water flow direction.
In one embodiment of the present invention, a physical diagram of the UV disinfection module is shown in FIG. 6, wherein 7-1 represents a main tube and 7-4 represents a copper tube.
In the specific implementation process of the invention, the ultraviolet lamp tube 7-2 preferably comprises Philips TUV55W (length is 116cm), and when water enters the main tube 7-1, the water flows into the domestication pond 1 from the inside of the main tube 7-1 through the ultraviolet lamp tube and then flows into the domestication pond 7-2; the ultraviolet disinfection component 7 is preferably located 0.2-0.4 m under water in the domestication pond 1, and is further preferably located 0.3m under water.
In the present invention, the lighting assembly 8 preferably includes a halogen lamp 8-1 and a timer for controlling a switching time of the halogen lamp 8-1; the power of the halogen lamp 8-1 is preferably 80-120W, and is further preferably 100W; the height of the lighting assembly 8 from the water surface of the domestication pond 1 is preferably 1.2-1.6 m, and more preferably 1.4 m; the horizontal distance between the lighting assembly 8 and the center of the domesticating pond 1 is preferably 1-1.5 m, and more preferably 1.2 m; in the specific implementation process of the invention, the lighting assembly 8 is fixed through a bracket; the support is preferably made of a PVC pipe; the lighting assembly 8 is used for supplemental lighting within the domestication pond 1. In the specific implementation process of the invention, the domesticated wild young tuna of the tuna fingi is used for night supplementary lighting or all-day lighting within 0-72 h, so that the tuna fingi is prevented from colliding with the wall.
In the present invention, the oxygen increasing assembly 9 preferably comprises a nano oxygen increasing tube; the shape of the nano oxygen increasing pipe is preferably circular; the circumference of the nano oxygen increasing pipe is preferably 5.5-6.5 m, and is further preferably 6 m; the inner diameter of the nano oxygen increasing pipe is preferably 8-12 mm, and is further preferably 10 mm; the inner diameter of the nano oxygen increasing pipe is preferably 18-22 mm, and is further preferably 20 mm. In the present invention, the oxygen increasing assembly 9 is used for increasing and controlling the dissolved oxygen amount of the water body in the domesticating pond 1.
In the present invention, the apparatus preferably further comprises a valve; the valves preferably include a water inlet valve, a water discharge valve, an air charging valve for controlling the domestication pond 1, and a water inlet valve, a water return valve and an air charging valve for controlling the water purification treatment component.
The invention also provides an indoor domestication and cultivation method of the wild juvenile tuna of the tuna finfish based on the device in the scheme, which comprises the following steps:
starting the water pump 5;
throwing the captured wild young tunas of the yellow fin tuna with water into the domestication pond 1 for domestication;
the domesticated lighting program comprises: starting the lighting assembly 5 for light supplement within 0-72 h of the putting time, and keeping the illumination all day long; after 72 hours of putting, the illumination condition is 14 hours of illumination and 10 hours of darkness;
the domesticated training feeding program comprises: feeding fish fillets for 72 hours to train young fish to eat; feeding for 1 time at intervals of 2-4 min at the feeding frequency, wherein the number of fish fillets fed for each time is 2-6; the training time is 5-7 d, and the training time is 2h every day.
In the invention, the power of the water pump is preferably 0.2-0.3 kw, and more preferably 0.25 kw.
Preferably, the method further comprises the step of feeding the acutus micropterus in the domestication pond 1 25-35 days before the wild juvenile tuna of the yellow fin tuna is fed. In the invention, the starting time for feeding the micropterus salmoides is preferably 30 days before the wild juvenile fish of the yellow fin tuna is thrown; the water body in the domestication pond 1 is preferably seawater; the salinity of the seawater is preferably 33 per thousand; seawater nitrifying bacteria are preferably added into the water body; the seawater nitrifying bacteria are not particularly limited, and the seawater nitrifying bacteria can be obtained by adopting conventional commercially available seawater nitrifying bacteria; the addition amount of the seawater nitrifying bacteria is preferably 40-60 g/m3More preferably 50g/m3(ii) a The main function of the seawater nitrifying bacteria is to decompose ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in water. In the invention, the effect of pre-culturing the micropterus salmoides is to cure the system, and the ammonia nitrogen nitrite produced by the micropterus salmoides is used for culturing the seawater nitrifying bacteria.
In the invention, a cultivating net cage is preferably placed in the domestication pond 1; the number of the culture net cages is preferably 1-2/1 domestication pond 1, and the micropterus salmoides are preferably put into the culture net cages for culture; the shape of the cultivation net cage is preferably cuboid; the specification of the cultivation net cage is preferably 2m multiplied by 1 m; the size of the micropterus salmoides is preferably 15-25 cm, and is further preferably 20 cm; the optimal placement density of the micropterus salmoides is 40-60 pieces/1 cultivation net cage, and the optimal placement density is 50 pieces/1 cultivation net cage; the feeding mode of the micropterus salmoides is preferably feeding by a satiety method; the number of feeding per day is preferably 1; the feeding time period is preferably 8: 00-10: 00; the invention has no special limitation on the fed feed, and the common micropterus salmoides feed in the field is adopted. In the invention, the effect of feeding the jewfish in advance is to cure the water body, and the ammonia nitrogen nitrite produced by the jewfish is used for culturing digestive bacteria.
In the invention, the wild juvenile tuna of the yellow-fin tuna is preferably captured by fishing; the body length of the wild juvenile tuna of the tuna finfish is preferably 22-45 cm, more preferably 25-40 cm, and even more preferably 30-35 cm.
In the specific implementation process of the invention, the wild juvenile tuna of the tuna fingi is preferably caught in the open sea of autonomous county of the Potentilla chinensis; during transportation, the wild juvenile tuna of the tuna fingi is preferably placed in a transportation barrel added with hydrogen peroxide; the concentration of the hydrogen peroxide is preferably 15-25 ppm, and more preferably 20 ppm; the hydrogen peroxide has the function of sterilization; the wild juvenile tuna of the yellow fin is immediately put into the domestication pond 1 after being transported.
In the present invention, the fish meat strips preferably include iced fresh trash fish meat strips; the invention has no special requirements on the type of the source fish of the frozen fresh trash fish meat strips; the length of the fish meat strip is preferably 2-4 cm, and more preferably 3 cm; the width of the fish meat strip is preferably 1-2 cm.
In the present invention, the temperature of the domesticated water is preferably 28 to 31 ℃, and more preferably 29 to 30 ℃; the water level for domestication is preferably 1.5-2 m, and more preferably 1.8 m; the ammonia nitrogen content of the water body is optimized<0.02mg/L, nitrite content is preferred<0.05mg/L, dissolved oxygen amount is preferred>5.8mg/L, the pH value of the water body is preferably 7.8-8.1, and the water exchange capacity is 8.0-8.3 m3(vii)/h, so that the fish use more energy to swim against the water; the water exchange amount is realized by adjusting the valves for controlling water inlet and outlet of the domestication pond 1 and the power of the water pump.
After domestication of wild juvenile tunas of the tuna finches, feeding the domesticated juvenile tunas of the tuna finches is preferably further included in the method; the feeding mode is preferably feeding by a satiety method; the fed bait is preferably frozen fresh trash fish meat strips; the number of feeding per day is preferably 1; the feeding time is preferably 8 a.m.: 00; the water exchange amount after domestication is preferably 7.1m3/h。
In the present invention, the time of the training intake is preferably 6 d; the training time is preferably 1 hour (8: 00-9: 00) in the morning and 1 hour (15: 00-16: 00) in the afternoon.
The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The schematic structural view of the domestication device used in this embodiment is shown in fig. 1, and includes a domestication pond 1 (inner diameter 5m, pond depth 2m) with an open top; the bottom of the domestication pond 1 is provided with a water outlet 2; from the water outlet 2 (with the diameter of 10cm and positioned at one side of the nano oxygenation pipe 9), a water discharge pipe 3, a water purification treatment component 4 (comprising a 2.5 multiplied by 1.5m treatment cylinder main body 2-1, a biological ball, 2-4 filter cotton, 2-3 filter frames, and 2-2 water body filter trays) are sequentially communicated along the water circulation direction, a water pump 5, a water inlet pipe 6 positioned at the opening of the domestication pond 1 and an ultraviolet disinfection component 7 positioned in the domestication pond 1; an illumination assembly 8 (composed of a 500W halogen lamp and a timer) is arranged above the domesticating pond 1; the center of the bottom of the domestication pond 1 is provided with a nano oxygenation pipe 9.
The device of the present invention is operated one month before the domestication, the normal amount of seawater is added into the domestication pond 1, and 50g/m of seawater is added3The seawater nitrobacteria is characterized in that 1 small 2X 1m net cage is placed in a domestication pond, 50 tips of 20cm of jewfish are put in the net cage, and the seawater nitrobacteria are fed for 1 time every day by a satiation method (8: 00 in the morning). And monitoring the changes of ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and pH value in the domestication pond every day. After 30 days, the water quality indexes in the domestication pond comprise ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and stable pH, and the small net cages and the acutangular bass are moved out of the domestication pond. Thus, the domestication and cultivation of the juvenile tuna of the yellow fin can be carried out.
Capturing wild young tunas of the tuna yellowfin, which have the body length of 22-45 cm, in the overseas of the autonomous county of the Li nationality of the Ling-fishing mode, transporting to a domestication workshop, and adding 20ppm of hydrogen peroxide into a transport barrel in the transportation process. And (4) transporting the wild tuna larvae of the yellow fin to a trial culture workshop at 4-6 pm. After the young fishes are transported to a workshop, the young fishes are directly thrown into a domestication pond with water. And (3) moving the juvenile fish into the domesticating pond for the first time, and keeping the lamplight irradiation for 72 hours. And (3) starting domesticating the feed after the juvenile fish enters the domesticating pond for 72 hours: cutting the frozen fresh trash fish meat into strips with the length of 3cm and the width of 1cm, and throwing 3 strips each time for training the young fish to eat. 8 in the morning: 00, domestication is started, domestication is performed for 4 hours in the afternoon, and young fishes enter the domestication pond for 72 hours and then begin to actively feed.
And the illumination after 72h is changed into 14h illumination: dark for 10 h. After the young fishes enter the domestication pond for 6 days, domestication is completed, and then bait feeding is changed into a satiation method of 8 in the morning: feeding for 1 time 00.
The water temperature is 28 ℃, the ammonia nitrogen is less than 0.02mg/L, and the nitrite is less than 0.05mg/L in the domestication process. Dissolved oxygen >5.8 mg/L.
Comparative example 1
The same as example 1 was repeated except that the lighting unit was not used for supplementary lighting.
The results of statistics of survival rates of young wild tuna finches according to the methods of example 1 and comparative example 1 are shown in fig. 7. As can be seen from FIG. 7, 72h of light irradiation is required to improve the survival rate of the young tunas in the early stage of domestication and breeding of the young wild tunas. After the wild juvenile fish enters the domestication pond for the first time, the survival rates of the light and the dark are respectively kept to be 95.3 +/-1.5% and 41 +/-4.51% in the evening. Therefore, the survival rate of the juvenile fish can be obviously improved by keeping the light irradiation after the wild juvenile fish enters the system for the first time. The survival rate of example 1 after the young fish enters the domestication pond at 2d was 87.9 + -1.3%, while the survival rate of comparative example 1 was 32.5 + -8.5%. From day 4 onwards, example 1 survival rates remained between 81.8% and 80.5% without significant difference. Based on survival rate data, the domestication and culture method provided by the invention has the advantages that after juvenile fish enter the system for 72 hours, the natural illumination period, namely 14 hours of illumination, is recovered: and the fish larvae are dark for 10 hours and are used for ensuring the survival rate of the juvenile fish in the domestication system.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. An indoor domestication and cultivation device for wild juvenile tunas of yellow fin tunas comprises a domestication pond (1) with an opening at the top; a water outlet (2) is formed in the bottom of the domestication pond (1); a drainage pipeline (3), a water purification treatment component (4), a water pump (5), a water inlet pipeline (6) positioned at the opening of the domestication pond (1) and an ultraviolet disinfection component (7) positioned in the domestication pond (1) are sequentially communicated from the drainage outlet (2) along the water circulation direction;
a lighting assembly (8) is arranged above the domestication pond (1); and an oxygenation assembly (9) is arranged at the bottom of the domestication pond (1).
2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the water purification treatment assembly (2) comprises a treatment cylinder body (2-1);
a water body filtering tray (2-2) is arranged above the top of the treatment cylinder main body (2-1); filter cotton (2-4) is paved in the water body filter tray (2-2); a filter frame (2-3) is arranged on the filter cotton (2-4); the drainage pipeline (3) is communicated with the filter frame (2-3);
a plurality of biological balls are placed in the treatment cylinder main body (2-1); an air explosion assembly (2-5) is also arranged in the treatment cylinder main body (2-1);
the bottom of the treatment cylinder main body (2-1) is provided with a water return port (2-6) with a filter screen; the water return ports (2-6) are communicated with a water inlet pipeline (6).
3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the ultraviolet disinfection component (7) comprises a main tube (7-1) for circulating water and an ultraviolet lamp tube (7-2) positioned inside the main tube (7-1); conversion ports (7-3) are fixed at two ends of the main body pipe (7-1); copper pipes (7-4) are arranged outside the main pipe (7-1) at intervals along the flowing direction of the water body.
4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the water purification treatment component (4) is at its highest level with the water discharge outlet (2) or below the water discharge outlet (2).
5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the lighting assembly (8) comprises a halogen lamp (8-1) and a timer for controlling the switching time of the halogen lamp (8-1).
6. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that said domestication basin (1) is cylindrical in shape; the inner diameter of the domestication pond (1) is 4-6 m, and the depth is 1.5-2.5 m.
7. An indoor domestication and cultivation method for wild juvenile tuna finfish based on the device of any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the following steps:
starting the water pump (5);
throwing the captured wild young tunas of the yellow fin tuna with water into the domestication pond (1) for domestication;
the domesticated lighting program comprises: starting the lighting assembly (5) for light supplement within 0-72 h of the time, and keeping the illumination all day long; after 72 hours of putting, the illumination condition is 14 hours of illumination and 10 hours of darkness;
the domesticated training feeding program comprises: feeding fish fillets for 72 hours to train young fish to eat; feeding for 1 time at intervals of 2-4 min, wherein the number of fish fillets fed for each time is 2-6; the training time is 5-7 d, and the training time is 2h every day.
8. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the temperature of the water in the domesticating pond is 28-31 ℃, and the ammonia nitrogen content of the water body<0.02mg/L, nitrite content of water body<0.05mg/L, dissolved oxygen amount of water body>5.8mg/L, the pH value of the water body is 7.8-8.1, and the water exchange capacity is 8.0-8.3 m3/h。
9. The method according to claim 7, further comprising feeding a micropterus salmoides in the domestication pond (1) 25-35 d before the feeding; the water body in the domestication pond (1) is seawater, and the salinity of the seawater is 33 per thousand; the water body is added with seawater nitrobacteria.
CN202010971778.2A 2020-09-16 2020-09-16 Indoor domestication and cultivation device and method for wild juvenile tuna of yellow fin Pending CN111919812A (en)

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AU2020103846A AU2020103846A4 (en) 2020-09-16 2020-12-02 Device and method for indoor domestication and cultivation of wild juvenile thunnus albacares

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112841102A (en) * 2021-02-06 2021-05-28 李敬荣 Be applicable to tuna aquaculture net case
CN114521529A (en) * 2022-02-25 2022-05-24 三亚热带水产研究院 Land-based circulating water culture system and culture method for tunas of yellow fins
CN114946711A (en) * 2022-04-12 2022-08-30 三亚热带水产研究院 Method for culturing tunas in deep water net cages
CN116998634A (en) * 2023-08-28 2023-11-07 三亚热带水产研究院 Artificial feed for tuna in yellow fins and domestication and feeding method

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112841102A (en) * 2021-02-06 2021-05-28 李敬荣 Be applicable to tuna aquaculture net case
CN114521529A (en) * 2022-02-25 2022-05-24 三亚热带水产研究院 Land-based circulating water culture system and culture method for tunas of yellow fins
CN114946711A (en) * 2022-04-12 2022-08-30 三亚热带水产研究院 Method for culturing tunas in deep water net cages
CN114946711B (en) * 2022-04-12 2023-08-18 三亚热带水产研究院 Deep-water cage culture method for tuna with yellow fins
CN116998634A (en) * 2023-08-28 2023-11-07 三亚热带水产研究院 Artificial feed for tuna in yellow fins and domestication and feeding method

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