CN114190301B - Cultivation method of flower tail eagle parent fish - Google Patents
Cultivation method of flower tail eagle parent fish Download PDFInfo
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- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 124
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000019688 fish Nutrition 0.000 claims description 77
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000239366 Euphausiacea Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000237502 Ostreidae Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000269821 Scombridae Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000020640 mackerel Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000020636 oyster Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000037237 body shape Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010634 clove oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000033764 rhythmic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009364 mariculture Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 5
- 241000473391 Archosargus rhomboidalis Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003444 anaesthetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000001850 reproductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003938 response to stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010088 sankang Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
- A01K61/17—Hatching, e.g. incubators
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention provides a flower tail hawkA parent fish cultivation method, which belongs to the technical field of aquaculture. The method comprises the following steps: parent source and selection, parent transportation, parent domestication, parent cultivation, reproduction regulation and control and parent spawning post-management, wherein the reproduction regulation and control comprises nutrition enhancement and fertilized egg collection and hatching. The scheme can realize the flower tail hawkThe industrial domestication and cultivation of parents improves the flower tail hawk through the periodical regulation and control of cultivation water temperature, illumination intensity and the like and the reproduction nutrition enhancementThe domestication survival rate and the development maturation rate of parent fish are improved, so that the spawning rate, the fertilization rate and the hatching rate are improved, and the flower tail hawk is realized
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a parent fish cultivation method, in particular to a flower tail hawkA parent fish cultivation method, which belongs to the technical field of aquaculture.
Background
Flower tail hawkIs hawk (I)>Keying->The method belongs to reef fishes, commonly known as Sanjia, eagle spot sea bream, biting cloth, sankang and golden flowers, and is mainly distributed in the western Pacific ocean and the open river basin of the pearl river in China, the back bay, the Qingshan bay and the south island, has extremely high requirements on water quality, is often used for reef activities and is difficult to capture. Flower tail hawk->Is rich in EPA, DHA, multiple vitamins, proteins and unsaturated fatty acids, and is an edible fish with great nutritional value. Flower tail hawk->High nutritive value, difficult capturing and great market demand, but at present, the flower tail hawk is ∈day>The related research of parent fish cultivation is less, the artificially cultivated fries are mostly captured by wild, and the immature artificial propagation technology severely restricts the flower tail hawk +.>And (5) the industrial large-scale development of cultivation. Therefore, the flower tail hawk is studied>Parent fish cultivation method, which promotes the floral tail hawk by environmental control, nutrition control and other cultivation condition control>The parent fish is mature in development and is the key for realizing industrial seedling raising and cultivation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a flower tail hawkParent fish cultivation method.
The technical scheme is as follows: to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a flower tail hawkThe parent fish cultivation method comprises the following steps:
s1, parent selection: flower tail hawk captured by parent selected natural sea areaSelecting 0.5-1kg weight 1-3 months each year, and making health without injury and normal body form of HUAWEIYING->As a parent;
s2, treating a culture pond: the cultivation pool is a square corner plastering cement pool with the area of 40m 2 The depth of the water body is 1m, the cultivation pool is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, the water outlet is arranged in the center of the pool bottom, and the pool bottom is inclined towards the center by 5%;
s3, parent transportation: transporting the parent by using live fish vehicle, loading the wild parent after the wild parent is anesthetized and turned over by using 15-20ppm clove oil, and transporting the parent for long distance after the parent is revived, wherein the transporting density is 100-200 tails/m 3 The temperature of the transportation water is 16-18 ℃, and the dissolved oxygen in the water body is kept above 6 mg/L;
s4, domestication: feeding the feed after the parent is transferred into the cultivation pool for the next day, wherein the feeding feed is soft pellet feed, the feeding amount is 1-2% of the weight of the fish body in the first week, and the feeding amount is gradually increased to 3% of the weight of the fish body; the initial water temperature is 16 ℃, the water temperature in the domestication stage is maintained at 16-18 ℃, natural illumination is carried out, and the domestication period is 1 month;
s5, a cultivation stage: the proportion of female and male parent fish is 1:1, and the cultivation density is 2-3 tail/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The feed is soft pellet feed, and the daily feeding amount is 3-4% of the weight of the fish body; the water temperature for 5 months to 11 months changes rhythmically with the water temperature of external seawater, the temperature range is 18-28 ℃,the water temperature of the cultivation is firstly reduced and then gradually increased from 12 months to 4 months in the next year, and the water temperature is maintained at 16-18 ℃;
s6, a reproduction regulation stage:
a. the nutrition fortification is that on the basis of feeding soft pellet feed, ice fresh oyster meat is added, the daily feeding amount is 4-5% of the weight of the fish body, and the nutrition fortification starts from 9 months and continues until the spawning is finished;
b. fertilized egg collection and hatching: naturally spawning the parent when the water temperature is reduced to 22 ℃, wherein the spawning time is concentrated in the evening, the spawning water temperature is reduced to 18-22 ℃, spawning is gradually stopped when the water temperature is reduced to below 18 ℃, fertilized eggs are collected into an egg collecting tank, sundries are removed for disinfection and then transferred to a hatching pond, and after hatching, the larva fish is transferred to a cultivating pond;
s7, managing the parent after spawning: after spawning, the parents enter an adjustment recovery stage, the feed is soft pellet feed, the feeding amount is 3-4% of the weight of the fish body, and the water temperature is maintained at 16-18 ℃;
s8, daily management: and observing the ingestion condition, the health condition and the disease occurrence condition of the parents every day, recording the water quality condition every day and adjusting in time, and periodically observing the growth and development condition to establish a culture log.
Further, the soft pellet feed comprises mackerel, krill powder and mixed multidimensional mixed according to the weight percentage, wherein the mixing ratio is 60:39-39.5:0.5-1; the feeding is carried out twice a day, and 1 time in the morning and afternoon.
Further, in step S2, the cultivation pond is equipped with an indoor circulating water treatment system, an oxygen dissolving device, a temperature adjusting device and an ultraviolet disinfection device.
Further, in step S2, the water ring condition of the cultivation pond is controlled by: the salinity is 31-34 per mill, the pH is 7.5-8.2, the NH4+ -N content is less than or equal to 0.1mg/L, the dissolved oxygen is kept above 6mg/L, and natural illumination is carried out.
Further, in the step S4, the surface of the parent body is sterilized by 0.2ppm iodine solution before the parent body is transferred into the cultivation pool, and 200-300ppm hydrogen peroxide is used for sterilization after the parent body is transferred into the cultivation pool.
In step S5, the water quality management method is to clean and change water after feeding for half an hour every day, discharge residual baits and feces, and change water amount by 20% -40% each time; pouring Chi Huanshui every two months, and sprinkling 100ppm hydrogen peroxide for disinfection.
In step S6, the water quality management method is to clean and change water after feeding for half an hour every day, discharge residual baits and feces, and change water by 20-40% each time.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. according to the scheme, the parent is anesthetized before loading, so that the stress response of the parent in the transportation process is reduced, and the adaptability of the parent is enhanced; 2. according to the scheme, through periodic regulation and control of water environment conditions in different stages and nutrition enhancement in the parent fish stage, stress reaction in the reproduction process is reduced, and the vitality and reproductive capacity of the parent fish are improved. Through effective water ring regulation and parent fish domestication, the flower tail hawk is improvedThe domestication survival rate and the development maturation rate of parent fish are improved, so that the spawning rate, the fertilization rate and the hatching rate are improved, and the flower tail hawk +.>The industrial artificial breeding of parent fish brings new high added value breeding variety for mariculture industry.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of the present invention are described below with examples given for the purpose of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The invention relates to a flower tail hawkThe parent fish cultivation method comprises the following steps:
s1, parent selection: flower tail hawk captured by parent selected natural sea areaWeight 0.5kg is selected in 1 month every year, and the health is healthy and harmless, and the floral tail hawk with normal body shape is->As a parent;
s2, treating a culture pond: the cultivation pool is a square corner plastering cement pool with the area of 40m 2 The depth of the water body is 1m, the cultivation pool is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, the water outlet is arranged in the center of the pool bottom, and the pool bottom is inclined towards the center by 5%; the cultivation pond is provided with an indoor circulating water treatment system, an oxygen dissolving device, a temperature adjusting device and an ultraviolet disinfection device, and the water ring conditions are as follows: the salinity is 31-34 per mill, the pH is 7.5-8.2, the NH4+ -N content is less than or equal to 0.1mg/L, the dissolved oxygen is kept above 6mg/L, and natural illumination is carried out.
S3, parent transportation: transporting parent by live fish vehicle, loading the parent after the wild parent is anesthetized and turned over by 15-20ppm oleum Caryophylli, and transporting over long distance after the parent is revived, wherein the transporting density is 200 tails/m 3 The temperature of the transportation water is 16 ℃, and the dissolved oxygen in the water body is kept above 6 mg/L;
s4, domestication: before the parent is transferred into the cultivation pool, sterilizing the surface of the parent by using 0.2ppm iodine solution, sterilizing the parent by using 200-300ppm hydrogen peroxide after the parent is transferred into the cultivation pool, starting to feed the next day after the parent is transferred into the cultivation pool, wherein the feed is soft pellet feed, and the feed amount is 1% of the weight of the fish body in the first week, and gradually increasing until the weight of the fish body is 3%; the initial water temperature is 16 ℃, the water temperature in the domestication stage is maintained at 16 ℃, natural illumination is carried out, and the domestication period is 1 month;
s5, a cultivation stage: the proportion of male and female parent fish is 1:1, and the cultivation density is 3 tail/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The feed is soft pellet feed, and the daily feeding amount is 3% of the weight of the fish body; the water temperature for 5 months to 11 months is changed along with the water temperature of external seawater, the temperature range is 18-28 ℃, the water temperature for 12 months to 4 months in the second year is gradually increased after the water temperature is firstly reduced, and the water temperature is maintained at 16-18 ℃; meanwhile, water quality management is that cleaning and water changing are carried out after feeding for half an hour every day, residual baits and faeces are discharged, and the water amount is 20% each time; pouring Chi Huanshui every two months, and sprinkling 100ppm hydrogen peroxide for disinfection.
S6, a reproduction regulation stage:
a. the nutrition fortification is that on the basis of feeding soft pellet feed, ice fresh oyster meat is added, the daily feeding amount is 4 percent of the weight of the fish body, and the nutrition fortification starts in 9 months and continues until the spawning is finished;
b. fertilized egg collection and hatching: naturally spawning the parent when the water temperature is reduced to 22 ℃, wherein the spawning time is concentrated in the evening, the spawning water temperature is reduced to 18-22 ℃, spawning is gradually stopped when the water temperature is reduced to below 18 ℃, fertilized eggs are collected into an egg collecting tank, sundries are removed for disinfection and then transferred to a hatching pond, and after hatching, the larva fish is transferred to a cultivating pond;
meanwhile, water quality management is carried out, water is cleaned and changed after the water is fed for half an hour every day, residual baits and faeces are discharged, and the water amount is 20% -40% each time.
S7, managing the parent after spawning: after spawning, the parents enter an adjustment recovery stage, the feed is soft pellet feed, the feeding amount is 3% of the weight of the fish body, and the water temperature is maintained at 16-18 ℃;
s8, daily management: and observing the ingestion condition, the health condition and the disease occurrence condition of the parents every day, recording the water quality condition every day and adjusting in time, and periodically observing the growth and development condition to establish a culture log.
In the parent fish cultivation process, the soft pellet feed comprises mackerel, krill powder and mixed multivitamin mixed according to weight percentage, wherein the mixing ratio is 60:39.5:0.5; the feeding is carried out twice a day, and 1 time in the morning and afternoon.
In the embodiment, 110 parent fishes are selected for strengthening and maturing cultivation, and the domestication survival rate reaches 98%; through the periodical regulation and control of water temperature, illumination intensity and the like and nutrition strengthening, parent fish cultivation and reproduction regulation and control are carried out, and the parent fish is developed and matured in advance compared with natural conditions, and the development and matured rate of the parent fish reaches 100%.
Example two
The invention relates to a flower tail hawkThe parent fish cultivation method comprises the following steps:
s1, parent selection: flower tail hawk captured by parent selected natural sea areaWeight 1kg is selected in 3 months each year, health is not damaged, and the body form is normal>As a parent;
s2, treating a culture pond: the cultivation pool is a square corner plastering cement pool with the area of 40m 2 The depth of the water body is 1m, the cultivation pool is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, the water outlet is arranged in the center of the pool bottom, and the pool bottom is inclined towards the center by 5%; the cultivation pond is provided with an indoor circulating water treatment system, an oxygen dissolving device, a temperature adjusting device and an ultraviolet disinfection device, and the water ring condition is controlled as follows: the salinity is 31-34 per mill, the pH is 7.5-8.2, the NH4+ -N content is less than or equal to 0.1mg/L, the dissolved oxygen is kept above 6mg/L, and natural illumination is carried out.
S3, parent transportation: transporting parent by live fish vehicle, loading wild parent after anesthetic and bellied with 15-20ppm oleum Caryophylli, and transporting over long distance after the parent is revived, with transport density of 100 tail/m 3 The temperature of the transportation water is 18 ℃, and the dissolved oxygen in the water body is kept above 6 mg/L;
s4, domestication: feeding the feed after the parent is transferred into the cultivation pool for the next day, wherein the feeding feed is soft pellet feed, the feeding amount is 2% of the weight of the fish body in the first week, and the feeding amount is gradually increased to 3% of the weight of the fish body; the initial water temperature is 16 ℃, the water temperature in the domestication stage is maintained at 16-18 ℃, natural illumination is carried out, and the domestication period is 1 month;
s5, a cultivation stage: the proportion of male and female parent fish is 1:1, and the cultivation density is 2 tails/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The feed is soft pellet feed, and the daily feeding amount is 4% of the weight of the fish body; the water temperature for 5 months to 11 months is changed along with the water temperature of external seawater, the temperature range is 18-28 ℃, the water temperature for 12 months to 4 months in the second year is gradually increased after the water temperature is firstly reduced, and the water temperature is maintained at 16-18 ℃;
s6, a reproduction regulation stage:
a. the nutrition fortification is that on the basis of feeding soft pellet feed, ice fresh oyster meat is added, the daily feeding amount is 5 percent of the weight of the fish body, and the nutrition fortification starts in 9 months and continues until the spawning is finished;
b. fertilized egg collection and hatching: naturally spawning the parent when the water temperature is reduced to 22 ℃, wherein the spawning time is concentrated in the evening, the spawning water temperature is reduced to 18-22 ℃, spawning is gradually stopped when the water temperature is reduced to below 18 ℃, fertilized eggs are collected into an egg collecting tank, sundries are removed for disinfection and then transferred to a hatching pond, and after hatching, the larva fish is transferred to a cultivating pond;
s7, managing the parent after spawning: after spawning, the parents enter an adjustment recovery stage, the feed is soft pellet feed, the feeding amount is 4% of the weight of the fish body, and the water temperature is maintained at 16-18 ℃;
s8, daily management: and observing the ingestion condition, the health condition and the disease occurrence condition of the parents every day, recording the water quality condition every day and adjusting in time, and periodically observing the growth and development condition to establish a culture log.
In the parent fish cultivation process, the soft pellet feed comprises mackerel, krill powder and mixed multivitamin mixed according to the weight percentage, wherein the mixing ratio is 60:39:1; the feeding is carried out twice a day, and 1 time in the morning and afternoon.
In the embodiment, 100 parent fishes are selected for domestication and cultivation, and the domestication survival rate reaches 99%; through the periodical regulation and control of water temperature, illumination intensity and the like and nutrition strengthening, parent fish cultivation and reproduction regulation and control are carried out, and the parent fish is developed and matured in advance compared with natural conditions, and the development and matured rate of the parent fish reaches 100%.
Example III
The invention relates to a flower tail hawkThe parent fish cultivation method comprises the following steps:
s1, parent selection: flower tail hawk captured by parent selected natural sea areaWeight 0.8kg is selected in 3 months each year, and the product is healthy and harmless, and has normal body shape>As a parent;
s2, treating a culture pond: the cultivation pool is a square corner plastering cement pool with the area of40m 2 The depth of the water body is 1m, the cultivation pool is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, the water outlet is arranged in the center of the pool bottom, and the pool bottom is inclined towards the center by 5%; the cultivation pond is provided with an indoor circulating water treatment system, an oxygen dissolving device, a temperature adjusting device and an ultraviolet disinfection device, and the water ring condition is controlled as follows: the salinity is 31-34 per mill, the pH is 7.5-8.2, the NH4+ -N content is less than or equal to 0.1mg/L, the dissolved oxygen is kept above 6mg/L, and natural illumination is carried out.
S3, parent transportation: transporting parent by live fish vehicle, loading the parent after the wild parent is anesthetized and turned over by 15-20ppm oleum Caryophylli, and transporting over long distance after the parent is revived, with transport density of 150 tails/m 3 The temperature of the transportation water is 16-18 ℃, and the dissolved oxygen in the water body is kept above 6 mg/L;
s4, domestication: feeding the feed after the parent is transferred into the cultivation pool for the next day, wherein the feeding feed is soft pellet feed, the feeding amount is 2% of the weight of the fish body in the first week, and the feeding amount is gradually increased to 3% of the weight of the fish body; the initial water temperature is 16 ℃, the water temperature in the domestication stage is maintained at 16-18 ℃, natural illumination is carried out, and the domestication period is 1 month;
s5, a cultivation stage: the proportion of male and female parent fish is 1:1, and the cultivation density is 2 tails/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The feed is soft pellet feed, and the daily feeding amount is 4% of the weight of the fish body; the water temperature for 5 months to 11 months is changed along with the water temperature of external seawater, the temperature range is 18-28 ℃, the water temperature for 12 months to 4 months in the second year is gradually increased after the water temperature is firstly reduced, and the water temperature is maintained at 16-18 ℃;
s6, a reproduction regulation stage:
a. the nutrition fortification is that on the basis of feeding soft pellet feed, ice fresh oyster meat is added, the daily feeding amount is 4 percent of the weight of the fish body, and the nutrition fortification starts in 9 months and continues until the spawning is finished;
b. fertilized egg collection and hatching: naturally spawning the parent when the water temperature is reduced to 22 ℃, wherein the spawning time is concentrated in the evening, the spawning water temperature is reduced to 18-22 ℃, spawning is gradually stopped when the water temperature is reduced to below 18 ℃, fertilized eggs are collected into an egg collecting tank, sundries are removed for disinfection and then transferred to a hatching pond, and after hatching, the larva fish is transferred to a cultivating pond;
s7, managing the parent after spawning: after spawning, the parents enter an adjustment recovery stage, the feed is soft pellet feed, the feeding amount is 4% of the weight of the fish body, and the water temperature is maintained at 16-18 ℃;
s8, daily management: and observing the ingestion condition, the health condition and the disease occurrence condition of the parents every day, recording the water quality condition every day and adjusting in time, and periodically observing the growth and development condition to establish a culture log.
In the parent fish cultivation process, the soft pellet feed comprises mackerel, krill powder and mixed multivitamin mixed according to weight percentage, wherein the mixing ratio is 60:39.5:0.5; the feeding is carried out twice a day, and 1 time a day in the morning and afternoon.
In the embodiment, 100 parent fishes are selected for strengthening and maturing cultivation, and the domestication survival rate reaches 99%; through the periodical regulation and control of water temperature, illumination intensity and the like and nutrition strengthening, parent fish cultivation and reproduction regulation and control are carried out, and the parent fish is developed and matured in advance compared with natural conditions, and the development and matured rate of the parent fish reaches 100%.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. A cultivation method of a parent fish of a flower tail hawk is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, parent selection: the parent is a natural sea area captured flower tail hawk, the weight of the parent is 0.5-1kg in 1-3 months each year, and the flower tail hawk which is healthy and harmless and has normal body shape is used as the parent;
s2, treating a culture pond: the cultivation pool is a square corner plastering cement pool with the area of 40 square meters and the depth of a water body of 1m, and is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, wherein the water outlet is arranged in the center of the pool bottom, and the pool bottom is inclined towards the center by 5%; the cultivation pool is provided with an indoor circulating water treatment system, an oxygen dissolving device, a temperature adjusting device and an ultraviolet disinfection device; and controlling the water ring condition of the cultivation pool: salinity of 31-34% 4 + The N content is less than or equal to 0.1mg/L, the dissolved oxygen is kept above 6mg/L, and natural illumination is carried out;
s3, parent transportation: transporting the parent by adopting a live fish vehicle, loading the wild parent after the wild parent is anesthetized and turned over by using 15-20ppm clove oil, and transporting the parent for a long distance after the parent is revived, wherein the transportation density is 100-200 tails/m 3 The temperature of the transportation water is 16-18 ℃, and the dissolved oxygen in the water body is kept above 6 mg/L;
s4, domestication: sterilizing the surface of the parent body by using 0.2ppm iodine solution before the parent is transferred into a cultivation pool, and sterilizing by using 200-300ppm hydrogen peroxide after the parent is transferred into the cultivation pool; feeding the feed after the parent is transferred into the cultivation pool for the next day, wherein the feeding feed is soft pellet feed, the feeding amount is 1-2% of the weight of the fish body in the first week, and the feeding amount is gradually increased to 3% of the weight of the fish body; the initial water temperature is 16 ℃, the water temperature in the domestication stage is maintained at 16-18 ℃, natural illumination is carried out, and the domestication period is 1 month;
s5, a cultivation stage: the ratio of female fish to male fish is 1:1, the cultivation density is 2-3 tail per square meter; the feed is soft pellet feed, and the daily feeding amount is 3-4% of the weight of the fish body; the soft pellet feed comprises mackerel, krill powder and mixed multivitamin mixed according to the weight percentage, wherein the mixing proportion is 60: (39-39.5): (0.5-1); feeding twice a day, and feeding 1 time in the morning and afternoon respectively; the water temperature for 5 months to 11 months is changed in rhythm along with the water temperature of external seawater, the temperature range is 18-28 ℃, the water temperature for 12 months to 4 months of the second year is gradually increased after being firstly reduced, and the water temperature is maintained at 16-18 ℃;
s6, a reproduction regulation stage:
a. the nutrition fortification is that on the basis of feeding soft pellet feed, ice fresh oyster meat is added, the daily feeding amount is 4-5% of the weight of the fish body, and the nutrition fortification starts from 9 months and continues until the spawning is finished;
b. fertilized egg collection and hatching: naturally spawning the parent when the water temperature is reduced to 22 ℃, wherein the spawning time is concentrated in the evening, the spawning water temperature is reduced to 18-22 ℃, spawning is gradually stopped when the water temperature is reduced to below 18 ℃, fertilized eggs are collected into an egg collecting tank, sundries are removed for disinfection and then transferred to a hatching pond, and after hatching, the larva fish is transferred to a cultivating pond;
s7, managing the parent after spawning: after spawning, the parents enter an adjustment recovery stage, the feed is soft pellet feed, the feeding amount is 3-4% of the weight of the fish body, and the water temperature is maintained at 16-18 ℃;
s8, daily management: and observing the ingestion condition, the health condition and the disease occurrence condition of the parents every day, recording the water quality condition every day and adjusting in time, and periodically observing the growth and development condition to establish a culture log.
2. The cultivation method of the flower tail hawk parent fish according to claim 1, wherein the cultivation method comprises the following steps: in the step S5, the water quality management method is to clean and change water after feeding for half an hour every day, discharge residual baits and faeces, and change water amount by 20% -40% each time; pouring Chi Huanshui every two months, and sprinkling 100ppm hydrogen peroxide for disinfection.
3. The cultivation method of the flower tail hawk parent fish according to claim 1, wherein the cultivation method comprises the following steps: in the step S6, the water quality management method is to clean and change water after feeding for half an hour every day, discharge residual baits and faeces and change water by 20-40% each time.
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