CN108605870A - A kind of Qinling Mountains fine-scaled graphite artificial acclimation method - Google Patents
A kind of Qinling Mountains fine-scaled graphite artificial acclimation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108605870A CN108605870A CN201810505686.8A CN201810505686A CN108605870A CN 108605870 A CN108605870 A CN 108605870A CN 201810505686 A CN201810505686 A CN 201810505686A CN 108605870 A CN108605870 A CN 108605870A
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- fine
- scaled graphite
- qinling mountains
- acclimation method
- fishing
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
- A01K61/13—Prevention or treatment of fish diseases
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of Qinling Mountains fine-scaled graphite artificial acclimation method, the acclimation method includes：Fishing；Temporarily support；It raises and train；It cultivates.The present invention can make the domestication success rate of Qinling Mountains fine-scaled graphite be increased to 90% or more, and the domestication time shortens 6 months, and the speed of growth of the wild Qinling Mountains fine-scaled graphite in the place of production is 35 times fast after taming successfully.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cladoceras to cultivate field more particularly to a kind of Qinling Mountains fine-scaled graphite artificial acclimation method.
Background technology
Qinling Mountains fine-scaled graphite (hereinafter referred to as fine-scaled graphite) (Brachymystax lenok tsinlingensis) is Chinese special
Some cold water fishes, it is domestic to be mainly distributed on Shaanxi and Gansu, since distribution is narrow, natural population is rare, in addition closely
Habitat is increasingly degenerated over year, and distributed areas reduce, and have arrived endangered edge.Chinese Wild Animal Protection Law is
It is classified as national two level and lays special stress on protecting aqua-marine life.The fine-scaled graphite individual of domestic more papers report fine-scaled graphite tends to small
Type, population quantity significantly reduce.
For Qinling Mountains fine-scaled graphite since wild habit is difficult to tame, irritability is strong, and band is cultivated very to domestication and fine-scaled graphite
It is big difficult.There are many domestication and the breeding method for seeing report, but mostly case, and repeatability and application are inadequate, change a place
It is difficult to be applicable in, to solve the artificial breeding of fine-scaled graphite, domestication and fine-scaled graphite are cultivated most important.
That is, finding, one kind is effective, and method is manually quickly tamed and formed to the strong wild fine-scaled graphite of application,
By catching, temporarily supporting, raise and train, cultivate, a series of domestications such as lossless fishing, bait screening, feeding technology, fortification are formd
Cultivating techniques become urgent problem to be solved.
Invention content
Technical problem to be solved by the present invention lies in view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, provide a kind of Qinling Mountains fine-scaled graphite
Artificial acclimation method.
The application provides a kind of Qinling Mountains fine-scaled graphite artificial acclimation method, and the acclimation method includes：
Fishing；
Temporarily support；
It raises and train；
It cultivates.
In a kind of possible embodiment, the fishing is fished for flashlight irradiation or electric fishing.
In a kind of possible embodiment, described temporarily support carries out in storage pond, holding pond, and the storage pond, holding pond is cement pit.
In a kind of possible embodiment, the cultivation includes：
Winter protects；
Spring is numerous；
Xia Zhuan；
Autumn supports.
In a kind of possible embodiment, the domesticating method further includes disease prevention and cure below：
Fungal disease prevention, bacteriosis prevention, preventing and treating verminosis, nutritive disease prevention and seed disease
Prevention.
The invention discloses a kind of Qinling Mountains fine-scaled graphites quickly to tame and form method, specifically tames facility from selection, supports
It grows environment adjustment, breeding density, bait selection and feeds and several aspects such as daily management are studied, finally determine
It is a set of rationally quickly domestication form method, use this method can make the domestication success rate of Qinling Mountains fine-scaled graphite be increased to 90% with
On, the domestication time shortens 6 months, and the speed of growth of the wild Qinling Mountains fine-scaled graphite in the place of production is 3-5 times fast after taming successfully.
Description of the drawings
In order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, required use in being described below to embodiment
Attached drawing be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, for this
For the those of ordinary skill of field, without creative efforts, others are can also be obtained according to these attached drawings
Attached drawing.
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow diagram of Qinling Mountains fine-scaled graphite artificial acclimation method provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
Below by drawings and examples, technical scheme of the present invention will be described in further detail.In being described below,
For illustration and not for limitation, it is to understand thoroughly the present invention.However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art,
Without that can also realize the present invention in the other embodiments of these details.
The application provides a kind of Qinling Mountains fine-scaled graphite artificial acclimation method, as shown in Figure 1, the acclimation method includes：
S101, fishing.
Qinling Mountains fine-scaled graphite is mostly distributed in intermountain river, generally more remote, is had inconvenient traffic, is fished there are mainly two types of modes,
Flashlight irradiation fishes and electric fishing.Flashlight irradiation fishes：It is irradiated carefully by concentration torch at the night that The moon is bright and stars are few
The eyes of squama salmon, fish will be stationary, then fished for using soft netting gear, and operation needs light and slow, movement range should not
It is too big, in order to avoid cause fish is frightened to pierce in stone gap.
Electric fishing：Using special electric fish-catching apparatus, is mainly shocked by electricity by transient voltage, river fish is caused temporarily to turn on one's side,
It is picked up rapidly by soft netting gear.Operation needs 3 people to work in coordination, and a people operates electric fish device, and a personal responsibility is fished for
The fish of rollover, the fish of the temporary fishing of a personal responsibility.The fish of fishing will temporarily put together, and wait after fishing, uniformly pass through
Hand haulage is carried out in transportational process using household normal tape portable handle bucket (bore 30cmX high 40cm) to fishing ground is cultivated,
Half urban river water is added in bucket, one, each bucket can transport 10-15 fish, and often walking 100 meters needs in bucket
Water replace it is primary.
S102 is temporarily supported.
The fine-scaled graphite that field fishes needs to be put into storage pond, holding pond and temporarily support 20 days or so, domestication pool is put into after waiting fishes to adapt to
It carries out raising and train cultivation.Storage pond, holding pond, which is built in, raises and train pond upstream, and convenient temporarily support terminates to raise and train pond transfer backward.
Storage pond, holding pond is that (length, width and height are respectively light water mud sump：3mX2mX1m), pool wall and bottom of pond need tiling to do smooth
Protection network is handled and be capped, fine-scaled graphite stress reaction is avoided to cause to jump, damages, abrade fish body.Temporarily foster the 2nd day and the 5th day
It is sterilized 2 times with povidone iodine 2mg/L, temporarily foster third day starts to feed yellow meal worm in right amount 1 time daily.
S103 is raised and train.
After temporarily supporting, pond is raised and train in fine-scaled graphite immigration, is raised and train pond and is carried out Ecology design according to river habitat.
It raises and train and uses flowing water, water flow is controlled in 8-10L/s；It raises and train and is equipped with slabstone in pond, concealed for fine-scaled graphite, Chi Shangjia
Lid sunshade net prevention ichthyornis pecks wound, predation；Just start to feed yellow meal worm, alternately feeds yellow meal worm and artifical compound feed after a week
It carries out domestication to feed, mixed feed needs to spill a small amount of water progress sofening treatment before feeding, and can ingest completely through domestication in one month
Artifical compound feed.Daily bait throwing in 2-3 times calculates odd-numbered day daily ration, feeding quantity (such as table 1) according to the weight of water temperature condition and fish, periodically uses
Povidone iodine carries out routine disinfection, to there is the fine-scaled graphite of wound, smears erythromycin ointment and carries out recovery nursing.
Table 1
| Water temperature | 2 | 4 | 6 | 8 | 10 | 12 | 14 | 16 |
| Feeding volume | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.9 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 0.8 |
S104 is cultivated.
The cultivation includes：Winter protects；Spring is numerous；Xia Zhuan；Autumn supports.
Winter protects:Winter, fine-scaled graphite feed weakened, it is therefore necessary to properly protect, it is ensured that fine-scaled graphite is got over safely since water temperature is low
Winter.Intake-outlet dissolved oxygen content is measured at any time, is prevented water surface icing from causing anoxic, is selected high protein feed daily according to thin squama
Salmon situation timed moderate of ingesting is fed, and feed waste is avoided to pollute water quality.
Spring is numerous:The breeding period of fine-scaled graphite is long, and by inquiry, the southern foot of the Qinling Mountains in the 2013 fine-scaled graphite Population breeding time is big
It is generally 15-March 25 March；The Qinling North-Mountain Population breeding time is in 20-May 10 April.Mainly region water temperature difference
The fact that caused, through measuring, two local fine-scaled graphite mating period section water temperatures are 9-12 DEG C.Thin squama after overwintering
Salmon has a delicate constitution, therefore after the beginning of spring, and reply fine-scaled graphite reinforces nutrition, and fine-scaled graphite is allowed slowly to restore constitution.It is thin often to patrol pool observation
Ingest situation and the pattern of body form change of squama salmon, are ready for artificial induced spawning.
Xia Zhuan:Summer water temperature is suitble to fish growth, feeds the agreeable to the taste high-quality bait of health and not only contributes to the good of fine-scaled graphite
Good growth, the also recovery for postpartum fine-scaled graphite are laid a solid foundation.Therefore entire summer will do a good job of it production and management, carry out control and prevention of disease
Work, periodically disinfection feed pharmaceutical chemistry.Water temperature does not exceed 18 DEG C or so, while paying attention to flood control of controlling flood.
Autumn supports:Into autumn, water temperature is begun to decline, and high protein and low fat bait is selected to carry out fine-scaled graphite cultivation, is thin squama
Salmon safe overwintering is ready.Fall foliage is relatively more, and appropriate increase patrols pool number, avoids leaf from blocking water inlet and causes fishpond
Anoxic.
Fine-scaled graphite, which is cultivated, requires the limpid flowing of water quality, flow velocity 2-3 ㎝/s, 8 DEG C -16 DEG C of water temperature, and the temperature difference is less than 5 DEG C,
PH7.2-8.0, dissolved oxygen 5.5mg/L or more will also carry out the preventing and controlling of disease.A pharmaceutical chemistry is fed every half a month (even
Continuous 3d).It periodically splashes chlorine dioxide or povidone iodine to fishpond, prevents the generation of bacteriosis；It is every during fry rearing
All periodically disinfections, it is important to note that the parasitism of small melonworm and Gyrodactylus, meets this situation, can use 1%-3% saline sook fish bodies
The formalin solution dipping of 1min or 0.5 ‰ concentration 10~15 minutes, continuous 3~6d.
In addition, the domesticating method further includes disease prevention and cure below：
Fungal disease prevention, bacteriosis prevention, preventing and treating verminosis, nutritive disease prevention and seed disease
Prevention.
Fungal disease is prevented：Prevent frostbite, mechanical damage, 5% saline sook 30 seconds.
Bacteriosis is prevented：Reduce cultivation density, periodic cleaning bottom of pond controls feeding volume, forbids to feed expired feed.
1.5mg/L povidone iodine dippings are periodically used, are embathed 30 minutes.Enrofloxacin 0.5mg/kg is added in feed, and it is continuous to mix pharmaceutical chemistry
It feeds 3-5 days.
Preventing and treating verminosis：It was found that sick fish is isolated in time, the buried processing of dead disease fish.Small melonworm capsicum water and life
Ginger is boiled into juice and carries out full pool spilling head, and every cube of water body uses capsicum 200g, ginger 50g.Gyrodactylus uses mebendazole, 3mg/L
Full pool spilling head impregnates 15 minutes.
Nutritive disease prevents：High-quality mixed feed is selected, single bait is not fed for a long time, periodically be added in feed
Multidimensional preparation, dosage 200mg/kg.
Seed disease prevention and cure：Daily remove cultivates dead and wounded fry in water body, clears up residual bait excrement.Artemia eggs, which is used, contains available iodine
10% povidone iodine 5-10mg/L impregnates 20 minutes, is hatched again after fully rinsing.Periodically seed is carried out with 2% brine
It impregnates, the time is 20-30 seconds.It periodically carries out disinfection to operation instrument, avoids cross-reference and infection.
Table 2
Table 3
Table 2 is the wild Qinling Mountains fine-scaled graphite growing state statistical form in nature river.Table 3 is growing state statistics after domestication
Table.It is found by analyzing comparison, the annual growth weight of Qinling Mountains fine-scaled graphite is 239.3g after domestication, than wild
117.8g increases 2.03 times, and a length of 15.2cm of body increases 1.8 times than wild 8.57, and the overall speed of growth is than wild
It is fast more than 2 times, build coefficient of condition is higher than wild.
This application discloses a kind of Qinling Mountains fine-scaled graphites quickly to tame and form method, specifically tames facility from selection, supports
It grows environment adjustment, breeding density, bait selection and feeds and several aspects such as daily management are studied, finally determine
It is a set of rationally quickly domestication form method, use this method can make the domestication success rate of Qinling Mountains fine-scaled graphite be increased to 90% with
On, the domestication time shortens 6 months, and the speed of growth of the wild Qinling Mountains fine-scaled graphite in the place of production is 3-5 times fast after taming successfully.
Above-described specific implementation mode has carried out further the purpose of the present invention, technical solution and advantageous effect
It is described in detail, it should be understood that the foregoing is merely the specific implementation mode of the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention
Protection domain, all within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done should all include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of Qinling Mountains fine-scaled graphite artificial acclimation method, which is characterized in that the acclimation method includes：
Fishing；
Temporarily support；
It raises and train；
It cultivates.
2. acclimation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the fishing is fished for flashlight irradiation or electric fishing.
3. acclimation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described temporarily support carries out in storage pond, holding pond, described temporarily to support
Pond is cement pit.
4. domesticating method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the cultivation includes：
Winter protects；
Spring is numerous；
Xia Zhuan；
Autumn supports.
5. domesticating method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the domesticating method further includes that disease below is anti-
It controls：
Fungal disease prevention, bacteriosis prevention, preventing and treating verminosis, nutritive disease prevention and seed disease are anti-
It controls.
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| CN201810505686.8A CN108605870A (en) | 2018-05-24 | 2018-05-24 | A kind of Qinling Mountains fine-scaled graphite artificial acclimation method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114190301A (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-03-18 | 莱州明波水产有限公司 | Method for breeding flower-tailed eagle broodstock |
Citations (1)
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| CN104041457A (en) * | 2014-07-07 | 2014-09-17 | 中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所 | Method for artificial reproduction of brachymystax lenok tsinlingensis |
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2018
- 2018-05-24 CN CN201810505686.8A patent/CN108605870A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104041457A (en) * | 2014-07-07 | 2014-09-17 | 中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所 | Method for artificial reproduction of brachymystax lenok tsinlingensis |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
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| 李平等: "秦岭细鳞鲑亲鱼培育和人工繁育技术研究", 《上海海洋大学学报》 * |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114190301A (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-03-18 | 莱州明波水产有限公司 | Method for breeding flower-tailed eagle broodstock |
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